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Sudhakaran SMN, Mathew SE, Shakappa D. Accurate assessment of macronutrients and micro-elements of ten newly developed green gram ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) cultivars grown in Uttar Pradesh, India. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3606-3613. [PMID: 38148709 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green gram is a rich source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fibre, and minerals. However, accurate data on the nutritional composition of green gram remains scarce since most researchers reported the carbohydrate content using the 'by difference method'. The objective of the current study is to accurately estimate the nutritional and mineral composition of green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). RESULTS Ten newly developed varieties and three local varieties of green gram were subjected to proximate and mineral composition analysis. The green gram varieties differed significantly (P < 0.05) for proximate and mineral content. From the results, they contain 62.5 to 84.6 g/kg of moisture, 28.3-37.4 g/kg of ash, 21.9-3.08 g/kg of fat, 484.6-535.7 g/kg of carbohydrate, 228.7-277.6 g/kg of protein, and 118.3-157.9 g/kg of dietary fibre. The most abundant mineral found was phosphorus, ranging 2716.66-4473.49 mg/kg followed by 3183.31-3597.61 mg/kg of potassium, 1506.51-1713.93 mg/kg of magnesium, 166.38-340.62 mg/kg of calcium, 40.16-348.79 mg/kg of iron, 27.60-34.35 mg/kg of zinc, 5.95-12.86 mg/kg of copper and 8.65-19.47 mg/kg of manganese. CONCLUSION The newly developed varieties of green gram showed high protein and dietary fibre content, while the local varieties were high in calcium and iron. Hence, both types of varieties are nutritionally significant. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shreyas Elma Mathew
- Department of Dietetics, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Devindra Shakappa
- Department of Dietetics, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
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Tojan S, Kaur L, Singh J. Hybrid Paneer: Influence of mung bean protein isolate ( Vigna radiata L.) on the texture, microstructure, and in vitro gastro-small intestinal digestion. Food Chem 2024; 434:137434. [PMID: 37716146 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Replacing dairy proteins with legume proteins such as mung bean protein can create hybrid cheese alternatives with superior nutritional and functional properties. The effects of partially replacing (30%) cow milk with mung bean protein isolate (MBPI) on the rheology, texture, microstructure, and digestibility of paneer (acid-heat coagulated cheese) were studied. The developed hybrid cow milk-mung bean paneer (CMMBP) had higher protein and moisture contents, lower fat content, and a darker colour than cow milk paneer (CMP). CMMBP showed a significant reduction in hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and springiness compared to the cow milk-based control. Frequency sweeps performed using a dynamic rheometer showed higher storage modulus (G') for CMMBP compared to CMP, indicating greater elastic properties of the hybrid paneer. In vitro digestibility of CMMBP was significantly lower than CMP, as shown by the lower overall ninhydrin-reactive free amino N release and the presence of resistant peptides at the end of digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shince Tojan
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Lovedeep Kaur
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jaspreet Singh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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Li S, Li Y, Zhu H, Chen L, Zhang H, Lian L, Xu M, Feng X, Hou R, Yao X, Lin Y, Wang H, Wang X. Deciphering PDH1's role in mung bean domestication: a genomic perspective on pod dehiscence. Plant J 2024. [PMID: 38341804 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Mung bean (Vigna radiata) stands as a crucial legume crop in Asia, contributing to food security. However, our understanding of the underlying genetic foundation governing domesticated agronomic traits, especially those linked to pod architecture, remains largely unexplored. In this study, we delved into the genomic divergence between wild and domesticated mung bean varieties, leveraging germplasm obtained from diverse sources. Our findings unveiled pronounced variation in promoter regions (35%) between the two mung bean subpopulations, suggesting substantial changes in gene expression patterns during domestication. Leveraging transcriptome analysis using distinct reproductive stage pods and subpopulations, we identified candidate genes responsible for pod and seed architecture development, along with Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) analysis. Notably, our research conclusively confirmed PDH1 as a parallel domesticated gene governing pod dehiscence in legumes. This study imparts valuable insights into the genetic underpinnings of domesticated agronomic traits in mung bean, and simultaneously highlighting the parallel domestication of pivotal traits within the realm of legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yaling Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Liyang Chen
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Huiying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lijie Lian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xilong Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Rui Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaolin Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Huaying Wang
- Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xutong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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Chauhan P, Singh M, Sharma A, Singh M, Chadha P, Kaur A. Halotolerant and plant growth-promoting endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus CR7 alleviates salt stress and exhibits genoprotective effect in Vigna radiata. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1336533. [PMID: 38404598 PMCID: PMC10884769 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1336533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major environmental stresses that results in reduction of cultivable land and decreased productivity. In the present study, halotolerant and plant growth-promoting endophytic fungi were isolated from Catharanthus roseus, and their effect in mitigating salt stress in Vigna radiata was evaluated. An isolate CR7, identified to be Aspergillus terreus, showing plant growth promotion activities, viz. IAA production (23.43 ± 0.79 μg/ml), phosphate solubilization (133.63 ± 6.40 μg/ml), ACC deaminase activity (86.36 ± 2.70 μmol α-ketobutyrate/h/mg protein) etc. and ability to grow at 15% NaCl was selected for further in vivo studies. Colonization of CR7 was carried out in V. radiata which was subjected to different concentrations of salt (150, 200, and 250 mM NaCl). Under salt stress, A. terreus CR7 inoculated plants showed substantially improved root and shoot length, biomass, chlorophyll content, relative water content, phenolics, protein content, and DPPH scavenging activity. Endogenous IAA level was enhanced by 5.28-fold in treated plants at maximum salt stress. Inoculation of A. terreus CR7 affected oxidative stress parameters, exhibiting an increase in catalase and superoxide dismutase and reduction in proline, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde content. Fluorescent microscopic analysis of roots revealed improved cell viability and decreased levels of glutathione and hydrogen peroxide under salt stress in treated plants. The isolate A. terreus CR7 also protected against DNA damage induced by salt stress which was evaluated using comet assay. A decrease in DNA tail length, tail moment, and olive tail moment to the extent of 19.87%, 19.76%, and 24.81%, respectively, was observed in A. terreus CR7-colonized plants under salt stress. It can be concluded that A. terreus CR7 can be exploited for alleviating the impact of salt stress in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Avinash Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mangaljeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Amarjeet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Kumawat KC, Sharma P, Sirari A, Sharma B, Kumawat G, Nair RM, H B, Kunal. Co-existence of halo-tolerant Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterococcus hirae with multifunctional growth promoting traits to ameliorate salinity stress in Vigna radiata. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140953. [PMID: 38128739 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization has become a prominent obstacle in diverse arid and semi-arid region damaging agricultural productivity globally. From this perspective, present investigation was aimed to compare the potential compatible consortium of bio-inoculants for improving Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) attributes, anti-oxidative enzymes, grain yield and profitability of Vigna radiata in saline soil conditions. A total of 101 rhizobacterium isolated from salt affected regions of Punjab, India were screened for their ability to induce salt tolerance, multifunctional PGP traits and antagonistic activities. The 16S rRNA sequencing identified the strains LSMR-29 and LSMRS-7 as Pseudomonas flourescens and Enterococcus hirae, respectively. In-vitro compatible halo-tolerant dual inoculant (LSMR-29 + LSMRS-7) as bio-inoculants mitigated salt stress in Vigna radiata (spring mungbean) seedling with improved seed germination, biomass and salt tolerance index together with the presence of nifH, acds, pqq and ipdc gene under salinity stress as compared to single inoculants. Further, the potential of single and dual bio-inoculants were also exploited for PGP attributes in pot and field experiments. Results indicated that a significant improvement in chlorophyll content (2.03 fold), nodulation (1.24 fold), nodule biomass (1.23 fold) and leghemoglobin content (1.13 fold) with dual inoculant of LSMR-29 + LSMRS-7 over the LSMR-29 alone. The concentrations of macro & micronutrients, proline, soil enzyme activities i.e. soil dehydrogenase, acid & alkaline phosphatases and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase also found to be high for LSMR-29 + LSMRS-7 as compared to un-inoculated control. The high grain yield thereby leading to Benefit: Cost (B: C) ratio at field scale was indicative of the commercial use bio-inoculants under salt affected Vigna radiata (spring mungbean) to improvement of productivity and soil health. The current finding reveals a co-inoculation of halo-tolerating Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterococcus hirae containing ACC deaminase could prove to be novel approach for inducing salt tolerance and improving productivity of Vigna radiata (spring mungbean).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash Chand Kumawat
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141001, Punjab, India; Department of Industrial Microbiology, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bio-engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141001, Punjab, India
| | - Asmita Sirari
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141001, Punjab, India
| | - Barkha Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263153, India
| | - Gayatri Kumawat
- Livestock Feed Resource Management and Technology Centre, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, 334001, India
| | - R M Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bindumadhava H
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Greater Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kunal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram, 122505, Haryana, India
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Van Haeften S, Kang Y, Dudley C, Potgieter A, Robinson H, Dinglasan E, Wenham K, Noble T, Kelly L, Douglas CA, Hickey L, Smith MR. Fusarium wilt constrains mungbean yield due to reduction in source availability. AoB Plants 2024; 16:plae021. [PMID: 38650718 PMCID: PMC11034375 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mungbean is an important source of plant protein for consumers and a high-value export crop for growers across Asia, Australia and Africa. However, many commercial cultivars are highly vulnerable to biotic stresses, which rapidly reduce yield within the season. Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne pathogen that is a growing concern for mungbean growers globally. This pathogen causes Fusarium wilt by infecting the root system of the plant resulting in devastating yield reductions. To understand the impact of Fusarium on mungbean development and productivity and to identify tolerant genotypes, a panel of 23 diverse accessions was studied. Field trials conducted in 2016 and 2021 in Warwick, Queensland, Australia under rainfed conditions investigated the variation in phenology, canopy and yield component traits under disease and disease-free conditions. Analyses revealed a high degree of genetic variation for all traits. By comparing the performance of these traits across these two environments, we identified key traits that underpin yield under disease and disease-free conditions. Aboveground biomass components at 50 % flowering were identified as significant drivers of yield development under disease-free conditions and when impacted by Fusarium resulted in up to 96 % yield reduction. Additionally, eight genotypes were identified to be tolerant to Fusarium. These genotypes were found to display differing phenological and morphological behaviours, thereby demonstrating the potential to breed tolerant lines with a range of diverse trait variations. The identification of tolerant genotypes that sustain yield under disease pressure may be exploited in crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanice Van Haeften
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Yichen Kang
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Caitlin Dudley
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Andries Potgieter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Hannah Robinson
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Eric Dinglasan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Kylie Wenham
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Thomas Noble
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Queensland, QLD 4370, Australia
| | - Lisa Kelly
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Queensland, QLD 4370, Australia
| | - Colin A Douglas
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Queensland, QLD 4370, Australia
| | - Lee Hickey
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Millicent R Smith
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, QLD 4343, Australia
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Sharma N, Kochar M, Allardyce BJ, Rajkhowa R, Agrawal R. Unveiling the potential of cellulose nanofibre based nitrogen fertilizer and its transformative effect on Vigna radiata (Mung Bean): nanofibre for sustainable agriculture. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1336884. [PMID: 38357271 PMCID: PMC10864528 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Fertilizer management is crucial to maintaining a balance between environmental health, plant health, and total crop yield. Farmers are overutilizing fertilizers with a mind set to enhance the productive capacity of the field, which adversely impacts soil fertility and causes serious environmental hazards. To mitigate the issues of over-utilization of fertilizers, controlled-release fertilizers were developed using nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium chloride) loaded on cellulose nanofibres (named CNF*N). Methodology In this study, the effects of CNF*N were compared with commercial nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium chloride) on Vigna radiata (Mung) under greenhouse conditions. The pot experiment was conducted using six treatments: first treatment was control, where the plant was cultivated (T1); second treatment was T2, where the plant was cultivated with CNF to determine the impact of CNF on the plant; third was T3 where commercial ammonium chloride (24 mg/ 2 kg soil) was added to the plant; fourth was T4, where the plant was loaded with CNF, viz. CNF*N contains 4.8 mg of nitrogen; fifth was T5 CNF*N pellet contains 12 mg of nitrogen, and the last sixth treatment (T6) where CNF*N pellet containing 24 mg of nitrogen. Results It indicated that the growth parameters were best achieved in T6 treatment. Plant height was at its maximum in the T6 treatment (44.4 ±0.1cm) after the second harvest, whereas the minimum plant height was observed in T1, which was 39.1 ±0.1 cm. Root-to-shoot weight ratio was also maximum in T6 (0.183± 0.02) and minimum in T1 (0.07± 0.01) after second harvesting. The significant difference among the treatments was determined with Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD). The nitrogen content (available and total) was significantly higher in the T4, T5, and T6 treatments (0.22, 0.25, and 0.28%) as compared to the control treatments (T1 (0.12%), T2 (0.13%), and T3 (0.14%) during the second harvesting stage (90 days), as nitrogen plays a crucial role in the development of vegetative growth in Vigna radiata. The rate of controlled-release nitrogen-fertilizer was found to be optimal in terms of plant growth and soil nutrients; hence, it could potentially play a crucial role in improving soil health and the yield of the crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Programme, TERI Gram, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, India
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mandira Kochar
- The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Programme, TERI Gram, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, India
| | | | - Rangam Rajkhowa
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ruchi Agrawal
- The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Programme, TERI Gram, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, India
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Sinha N, Zahra T, Gahane AY, Rout B, Bhattacharya A, Basu S, Chakrabarti A, Thakur AK. Protein reservoirs of seeds are amyloid composites employed differentially for germination and seedling emergence. Plant J 2023; 116:329-346. [PMID: 37675599 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Seed protein localization in seed storage protein bodies (SSPB) and their significance in germination are well recognized. SSPB are spherical and contain an assembly of water-soluble and salt-soluble proteins. Although the native structures of some SSPB proteins are explored, their structural arrangement to the functional correlation in SSPB remains unknown. SSPB are morphologically analogous to electron-dense amyloid-containing structures reported in other organisms. Here, we show that wheat, mungbean, barley, and chickpea SSPB exhibit a speckled pattern of amyloids interspersed in an amyloid-like matrix along with native structures, suggesting the composite nature of SSPB. This is confirmed by multispectral imaging methods, electron microscopy, infrared, and X-ray diffraction analysis, using in situ tissue sections, ex vivo protoplasts, and in vitro SSPB. Laser capture microdissection coupled with peptide fingerprinting has shown that globulin 1 and 3 in wheat, and 8S globulin and conglycinin in mungbean are the major amyloidogenic proteins. The amyloid composites undergo a sustained degradation during germination and seedling growth, facilitated by an intricate interplay of plant hormones and proteases. These results would lay down the foundation for understanding the amyloid composite structure during SSPB biogenesis and its evolution across the plant kingdom and have implications in both basic and applied plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabodita Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre For Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Talat Zahra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre For Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Avinash Yashwant Gahane
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre For Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Bandita Rout
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre For Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | | | | | | | - Ashwani Kumar Thakur
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, The Mehta Family Centre For Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
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Cheng H, Li L, Dong J, Wang S, Wu S, Rao S, Li L, Cheng S, Li L. Transcriptome and physiological determination reveal the effects of selenite on the growth and selenium metabolism in mung bean sprouts. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112880. [PMID: 37254328 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) biofortification of crops has been studied to substantially improve the Se content in human dietary food intake. In the present study, Vigna radiata (mung bean) seeds were soaked in different concentrations of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). Low concentration of selenite is conducive to seed germination and growth, and can increase the fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of sprouts. The concentration of Na2SeO3 lower than 50 mg/kg resulted in noticeable elongation in the stem and marginal elongation in root. Mung bean seeds soaked with 80 mg/kg Na2SeO3 accounted for 93.77% of organic Se after growing for about 5 days. Transcriptome data revealed that Se treatment enhances starch and sugar metabolism, along with the up-regulation of ribosomal protein and DNA synthesis related genes. Further analysis indicated that the mung bean seeds absorbed Na2SeO3 through PHT1.1 and NIP2. Se (IV) was transformed into Se (VI) and transported to stems, leaves and roots through cotyledons during the germination of bean sprouts. SULTR3;3 may play an important role in the transit process. Se (VI) or Se (IV) transported to the leaves was catalytically transformed into SeCys through SiR and CS, and SeCys is further converted to MeSeCys through SMT. Most SeCys were transformed into SeHCys through CBL, transported to plastids, and finally transformed into SeMet through Met Synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cheng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China; College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Hubei Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Jingzhou Dong
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Shiyan Wang
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Shen Rao
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
| | - Linling Li
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China; College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Hubei Huanggang 438000, China.
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10
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Sharma K, Kapoor R. Arbuscular mycorrhiza differentially adjusts central carbon metabolism in two contrasting genotypes of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek in response to salt stress. Plant Sci 2023; 332:111706. [PMID: 37054921 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed at investigating Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) mediated metabolic changes in two genotypes of mungbean (Vigna radiata) differing in their salt tolerance in presence of salt stress (100 mM NaCl). Colonisation by Claroideoglomus etunicatum resulted in higher growth, photosynthetic efficiency, total protein content, and lower levels of stress markers, indicating alleviation of stress in mungbean plants. AM differentially upregulated the components of Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in salt tolerant (ST) and salt sensitive (SS) genotypes that could be correlated to AM-mediated moderation in nutrient uptake. Under salt stress, while maximum increase in the activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (65%) was observed in mycorrhizal (M)-ST; the increase in isocitrate dehydrogenase (79%) and fumarase (133%) activities was maximum in M-SS plants over their non-mycorrhizal (NM) counterparts. Apart from TCA, AM also affected gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glyoxylate pathways. Activities of enzymes implicated in GABA shunt increased in both the genotypes under stress resulting in increase in GABA concentration (46%). Notably, glyoxylate pathway was induced by AM in SS only, wherein M-SS exhibited significantly higher isocitrate lyase (49%) and malate synthase (104%) activities, reflected in higher malic acid concentration (84%), than NM under stress. The results suggest that AM moderates the central carbon metabolism and strategizes towards boosting the formation of stress-alleviating metabolites such as GABA and malic acid, especially in SS, bypassing the steps catalysed by salt-sensitive enzymes in TCA cycle. The study, therefore, advances the understanding on mechanisms by which AM ameliorates salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, 110007 Delhi, India
| | - Rupam Kapoor
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, 110007 Delhi, India.
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Sahu P, Singh M, Pandey R, Mishra MK, Singh AK, Singh BK, Singh SK, Rai A, Chugh V, Shukla G, Singh S, Singh K, Kumar M, Singh CM. Screening of Comprehensive Panel of Cultivated and Wild Vigna Species for Resistance to Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:781. [PMID: 37372066 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Pulses are a key source of dietary proteins in human nutrition. Despite several efforts to increase the production, various constraints, such as biotic and abiotic factors, threaten pulse production by various means. Bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.) are the serious issue of concern, particularly in storage conditions. Understanding host-plant resistance at morphological, biochemical and molecular levels is the best way to minimize yield losses. The 117 mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) genotypes, including endemic wild relatives, were screened for resistance against Callosobruchus chinensis; among them, two genotypes, PRR 2008-2 and PRR 2008-2-sel, which belong to V. umbellata (Thumb.), were identified as highly resistant. The expression of antioxidants in susceptible and resistant genotypes revealed that the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was upregulated in the highly resistant wild Vigna species and lower in the cultivated susceptible genotypes, along with other biomarkers. Further, the SCoT-based genotyping revealed SCoT-30 (200 bp), SCoT-31 (1200 bp) and SCoT-32 (300 bp) as unique amplicons, which might be useful for developing the novel ricebean-based SCAR markers to accelerate the molecular breeding programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Sahu
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Mahendra Singh
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Rakesh Pandey
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Plant Protection, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Bhupendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Ashutosh Rai
- Department of Basic and Social Sciences, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Vishal Chugh
- Department of Basic and Social Sciences, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Gaurav Shukla
- Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Kartikey Singh
- Department of Entomology, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
| | - Chandra Mohan Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210 001, India
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Kim L, Kim H, Lee TY, An YJ. Chemical toxicity screening of tire particle leachates from vehicles and their effects on organisms across three trophic levels. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 192:114999. [PMID: 37182239 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Tire particles (TPs) generated on roads are a main contributor to microplastic environmental pollution. In this study, TP leachates from three vehicle types (bicycle, car, and electric scooter) were prepared. TP leachate toxicity impacts on three organisms (Vigna radiata, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio) were analyzed, in addition to their chemical compositions. Zinc and benzothiazole were the most commonly detected compounds in all three leachate types. Growth inhibition of V. radiata, mortality of D. magna, and abnormality in D. rerio were observed as toxicological impacts. Overall, the lethal effects of TP leachates showed a significant, positive relationship with zinc and benzothiazole concentration. The results confirmed that TPs are complex contaminants, which release chemicals into the environment that affect both soil and aquatic organisms. These findings highlight the need for stricter control measures and environmental regulations to mitigate the ecotoxic effects of TPs and related contaminants across ecosystems and trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Haemi Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Dhole VJ, Souframanien J, Reddy KS, Petwal VC. Comparison of effectiveness and efficiency of electron beam over gamma rays to induce novel mutations in mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 194:110719. [PMID: 36801520 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Induced mutation is very useful in mungbean as it is having less natural genetic variation. The present study was conducted to induce variability through induced mutation, compare efficiency and effectiveness of gamma rays with electron beam on the basis of physiological changes in M1 generation; mutation frequency, spectrum of mutant phenotype and efficiency to produce novel mutations in M2 generation. Seeds of mungbean variety TM 96-2 were irradiated with doses of 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy gamma rays and electron beam. On the basis of M1seedling growth, the effective mutagen dose (Growth Reduction Dose 50 i.e. GR50) was 440 Gy of gamma rays and 470 Gy of electron beam for TM-96-2. In M2 generation, electron beam treatments were found to induce greater frequency of chlorophyll mutations than gamma rays. The frequency of total mutants in electron beam (1.967) was found to be higher than gamma rays (1.343) along with mutation spectrum. The highest mutation spectrum was observed in 200 Gy dose of electron beam followed by 200 Gy gamma rays. Four novel mutants viz., four primary leaves in 400 Gy gamma rays, lanceolated leaves in 200, 300 and 500 Gy electron beam, yellow pod and yellow seed coat colour in 200 Gy treatment of electron beam were identified and isolated. Desirable mutants like early and synchronous maturity, large seed size and long root with drought tolerance were identified and isolated in different doses of both gamma rays and electron beam which were found true breeding in subsequent generations. Mutagenic efficiency of electron beam was higher in 200 and 400 Gy treatment as compared to same doses of gamma rays, while it was less than gamma rays in 300 and 500 Gy treatments. Mutagenic effectiveness was found to be highest in 200 Gy dose of electron beam which was more than twice that of the same dose of gamma rays.
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Chellathurai BJ, Anburose R, Alyami MH, Sellappan M, Bayan MF, Chandrasekaran B, Chidambaram K, Rahamathulla M. Development of a Polyherbal Topical Gel for the Treatment of Acne. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020163. [PMID: 36826332 PMCID: PMC9956052 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to formulate and evaluate a polyherbal gel using Aloe barbadensis and extract of Vigna radiata for the treatment of acne, a disorder of the skin in which hair follicles and sebaceous glands are blocked, causing inflammation and redness of the skin. Aloe barbadensis pulp was collected and mixed with the extract of Vigna radiata and formulated into a gel using Carbopol 940, triethanolamine, and propylene glycol as the gelling agent, viscosity modifier, and pH modifier, respectively. The gel was evaluated for its antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Antimicrobial agents, such as gentamycin and fluconazole, were used as the standards. The developed formulation showed promising zone of inhibition. The gel was further evaluated for its physicochemical properties. The formulation showed a promising effect on acne together with the additive effect of Aloe barbadensis on skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Jose Chellathurai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641 032, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: or (B.J.C.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Ramyadevi Anburose
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641 032, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad H. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (B.J.C.); (M.H.A.)
| | - Mohan Sellappan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Karpagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641 032, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad F. Bayan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan
| | | | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Rahamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62421, Saudi Arabia
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Basavarajappa DS, Kumar RS, Nayaka S. Formulation-based antagonistic endophyte Amycolatopsis sp. SND-1 triggers defense response in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek. (Mung bean) against Cercospora leaf spot disease. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:77. [PMID: 36720740 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, Amycolatopsis sp. SND-1 (SND-1) was isolated from Cleome chellidonii Linn. (C. chellidonii) was performed as biocontrol and resistance elicitor in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek (mung bean) plants against Cercospora leaf spot causing pathogen Cercospora canescens (C. canescens). The SND-1 isolate showed 74% of inhibition against C. canescens in dual culture and GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of antifungal compounds. Molecular characterization through 16S rRNA showed that the isolated SND-1 belongs to Amycolatopsis sp. The in vitro plant growth trials exhibited production of indole acetic acid, gibberellic acid, cytokinin, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, and siderophore and phosphate solubilization. In vivo study with talcum formulation of SND-1 revealed a significant increase in plant root length, shoots length, root and shoot fresh weight, and reduced the disease severity in treated mung bean plants. Triggering of resistance by SND-1 formulation was studied by histochemical depositions and biochemical defense enzymes that resulted in the acceleration in defense response in comparison with control plants. The bioactive endophytic Amycolatopsis sp. SND-1 enhanced the defense against C. canescens infection; hence, it can be used as a biological control agent in mung bean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raju Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sreenivasa Nayaka
- PG Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India.
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Nazir A, Sarfraz W, Allah D, Khalid N, Farid M, Shafiq M, Bareen FE, Rizvi ZF, Naeem N. Synergistic impact of two autochthonous saprobic fungi (A. niger and T. pseudokoningii) on the growth, ionic contents, and metals uptake in Brassica juncea L. and Vigna radiata L. under tannery solid waste contaminated soil. Int J Phytoremediation 2023; 25:1488-1500. [PMID: 36633455 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2166457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Unrestricted disposal of tannery solid waste (TSW) into agricultural soils has resulted in the contamination of heavy metals (HMs) such as chromium (Cr) cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), and Zinc (Zn) along with the severe potential to degrade the environmental quality around the world. In the present study, a combined phyto- and myco-remediation strategy was evaluated to enhance the growth, ionic contents, and phytoextraction potential of Brassica juncea and Vigna radiata for HMs from TSW-contaminated soil. A pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse using single or combined inoculation of Trichoderma pseudokoningii (Tp) and Aspergillus niger (An) in B. juncea and V. radiata under TSW-contaminated soil at different doses (0, 50, and 100%). The results showed that the growth parameters of both B. juncea and V. radiata were severely affected under 50 and 100% TSW treatment. The combined inoculation of both the fungal species ameliorated the positive impacts of 50 and 100% TSW application on growth and ionic contents accumulation in B. juncea and V. radiata. The combined application of An + Tp at 100% TSW enhanced the shoot length (87.8, 157.2%), root length (123.9, 120.6%), number of leaves (184.2, 175.0%), number of roots (104.7, 438.9%), and dry weight (179.4, 144.8%) of B. juncea and V. radiata, respectively as compared to control with any fungal treatment at 100% TSW. A single application of An at different doses of TSW enhanced the metal concentration in B. juncea, whereas Tp increased the concentration of the metals in V. radiata. The concentration of Cr in roots (196.2, 263.8%), shoots (342.4, 182.2%), Cu in roots (187.6, 137.0%), shoots (26.6, 76.0%), Cd in roots (245.2, 184.6%), shoots (142.1, 73.4%), Zn in roots (73.4, 57.5%), shoots (62.9, 57.6%), in B. juncea were increased by the application of An at 50 and 100% treatment levels of TSW, respectively compared to control (C). Moreover, the HMs (Cr, Cu, Cd, and Zn) uptake was also improved under 50 and 100% TSW with the combined inoculation of Tp + An in both B. juncea and V. radiata. In conclusion, the combined inoculation of Tp + An was more effective in metal removal from TSW-treated soil.NOVELTY STATEMENTLimited studies have been conducted on filamentous fungi systematically under metal-contaminated sites for their diversity, metal tolerance, and their potential in enhancing the phytoremediation potential of different crop plants.In the present study, single and/or combined inoculation of fungal strains was found effective in alleviating different metals stress in tannery solid waste contaminated soil by improving defense mechanisms and plant growth due to the association between fungal strains and plants.The combined application of both fungal strains had an additive effect in enhancing the bioaccumulation capacity of B. juncea and V. radiata compared to their single inoculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Nazir
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wajiha Sarfraz
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Ditta Allah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Pakistan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Nayab Naeem
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
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Chupeerach C, Temviriyanukul P, Thangsiri S, Inthachat W, Sahasakul Y, Aursalung A, Wongchang P, Sangkasa-ad P, Wongpia A, Polpanit A, Nuchuchua O, Suttisansanee U. Phenolic Profiles and Bioactivities of Ten Original Lineage Beans in Thailand. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233905. [PMID: 36496713 PMCID: PMC9738633 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes and pulses are important food components with various phytochemicals and health benefits. However, the health-related bioactivities of some underutilized species remain uninvestigated. To breed a new bean lineage with particular health-related properties, this study investigated phenolics (specifically, isoflavones) and the in vitro inhibitory activities of the enzyme relevant to some non-communicable diseases in underutilized cultivars of Phaseolus lunatus (lima beans), compared to the commonly consumed P. vulgaris (red kidney bean) and beans in the Glycine and Vigna genera. The results indicated that soybeans in the Glycine genus contained the highest isoflavone contents, especially glycitein (1825-2633 mg/100 g bean) and daidzein (1153-6471 mg/100 g bean), leading to potentially higher enzyme inhibitory activities (25-26% inhibition against α-amylase, 54-60% inhibition against α-glucosidase, 42-46% inhibition against dipeptidyl peptidase IV, 12-19% inhibition against acetylcholinesterase and 20-23% inhibition against butyrylcholinesterase) than those from other genera. Interestingly, lima beans with low isoflavone content (up to 2 mg/100 g bean) still possessed high inhibitory activities against lipase (12-21% inhibition) and β-secretase (50-58% inhibition), suggesting that bioactive compounds other than the isoflavones might be responsible for these activities. Isoflavone contents and enzyme inhibitory activities in Vigna beans were diverse, depending on the particular cultivars. The information gained from this study can be used for further investigation of bioactive components and in-depth health properties, as well as for future breeding of a new lineage of bean with specific health potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowanee Chupeerach
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sirinapa Thangsiri
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Woorawee Inthachat
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Yuraporn Sahasakul
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Amornrat Aursalung
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Pitthaya Wongchang
- Biotechnology Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture Rangsit-Nakorn Nayok, Rangsit (Klong 6), Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12100, Thailand
| | - Parichart Sangkasa-ad
- Biotechnology Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture Rangsit-Nakorn Nayok, Rangsit (Klong 6), Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12100, Thailand
| | - Aphinya Wongpia
- Biotechnology Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture Rangsit-Nakorn Nayok, Rangsit (Klong 6), Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12100, Thailand
| | - Auytin Polpanit
- Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center, Department of Agriculture, Nong Han, San Sai District, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Onanong Nuchuchua
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-(0)-2800-2380 (ext. 422)
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Kothari R, Pathak AK, Sharma V, Ahmad S, Singh HM, Singh RP, Tyagi VV. Impact of Pollutant Load from Textile Dyeing Industry Wastewater on Biometric Growth Profile of Vigna radiata. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:969-976. [PMID: 35364685 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The phytoremediation of wastewater has certain advantages, but the interactions of soil and crop properties have not been systematically studied. This study aimed to analyze how different concentrations of textile dyeing industry wastewater (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) affected soil qualities, growth, and yield attributes (Vigna radiata). In reaction to dyeing effluent at varying concentrations, the seed germination percentage, growth metrics such as tolerance index, phytotoxicity percentage, relative toxicity, extreme and plumule length were calculated. With increasing effluent concentrations, a gradual decrease in the germination of seed and seedling growth was observed. The maximal relative toxicity and percentage of phytotoxicity was 100%. Interaction of biometric growth profile relative seed germination, relative root growth, relative shoot growth, growth index, and seedling vigor index of V. radiata and physicochemical parameter of textile dyeing industry wastewater were also investigated by using the Pearson correlation co-efficient. Principal component analysis (PCA) is helped to obtain and recognize the factors/sources accountability of different concentrations of textile dyeing industry wastewater. The results of the PCA revealed that four components (PC1 to PC4) out of total principal components retained PC1, PC2, with values of 69.25% and 28.85%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Kothari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya Suchani (Bagla) Samba, Jammu, J&K, 181143, India.
| | - Atin K Pathak
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu, J&K, 182320, India
| | - Varsha Sharma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya Suchani (Bagla) Samba, Jammu, J&K, 181143, India
| | - Shamshad Ahmad
- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440020, India
| | - Har Mohan Singh
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu, J&K, 182320, India
| | - Rajeev Pratap Singh
- Waste Management, Resource Recovery & Ecotoxicology (WRE) Laboratory, Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development (IESD), Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - V V Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu, J&K, 182320, India.
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Mirza FS, Aftab ZEH, Ali MD, Aftab A, Anjum T, Rafiq H, Li G. Green synthesis and application of GO nanoparticles to augment growth parameters and yield in mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.). Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1040037. [PMID: 36438114 PMCID: PMC9685626 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promotion has long been a challenge for growers all over the world. In this work, we devised a green nanomaterial-assisted approach to boost plant growth. It has been reported that carbon nanomaterials are toxic to plants because they can inhibit the uptake of nutrients if employed in higher concentrations, however this study shows that graphene oxide (GO) can be used as a regulator tool to improve plant growth and stability. Graphene oxide in different concentrations was added to the soil of mungbean. It is proved that when a suitable amount of graphene oxide was applied, it had a good influence on plant growth by enhancing the length of roots and shoots, number of leaves, number of root nodules per plant, number of pods, and seeds per pod. We presume that the use of bio-fabricated graphene oxide as a strategy would make it possible to boost both plant growth and the significant increase in the number of seeds produced by each plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Shafiq Mirza
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zill-e-Huma Aftab
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Arusa Aftab
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tehmina Anjum
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Rafiq
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Guihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Kim L, Lee TY, Kim H, An YJ. Toxicity assessment of tire particles released from personal mobilities (bicycles, cars, and electric scooters) on soil organisms. J Hazard Mater 2022; 437:129362. [PMID: 35716575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tire particles are generated by the abrasion of tire treads on roads and are major contributors to microplastics in soil environments. Contamination by tire wear particles worsens annually as the use of personal mobilities increases. Tire particles (112-541 µm) were obtained from three types of personal mobility tires (bicycle, car, and electric scooter) and exposed to plants (Vigna radiata) and springtails (Folsomia candida) for 28 d to assess the toxicity of each tire-particle type. The laboratory-generated tire particles exhibit adverse effects depending on the origin of the tire or test species. Particles from bicycle or electric-scooter tires changed the soil's bulk density and water holding capacity and adversely affected plant growth. Car tire particles had leached various organic compounds and induced detrimental effects on springtails (adult and offspring growth). We concluded that laboratory-generated tire particles (frow new tires) can affect the soil environment by changing soil properties and leaching chemicals; thus, causing adverse effects on soil organisms. Since this study found tire particle toxicity on soil organisms, it would be possible to compare the various contamination levels in areas near road soil and other clean soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, the Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, the Republic of Korea
| | - Haemi Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, the Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, the Republic of Korea.
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21
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Zeyad MT, Khan S, Malik A. Genotoxic hazard and oxidative stress induced by wastewater irrigated soil with special reference to pesticides and heavy metal pollution. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10534. [PMID: 36119855 PMCID: PMC9474314 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to enhancement of industrial growth and urbanization, soil contamination is increasing prominently. Therefore, it is important to examine possible adverse effects of industrial waste. Soil samples were might to be polluted with several heavy-metals and pesticides. Gas chromatographic results showed occurrence of high-level of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in studied soil samples. Genotoxicity of soil extracts was assessed using environmental-risk assessment models. Soil samples were extracted in hexane and dichloromethane solvents and were evaluated for genotoxic potential by prokaryotic (Ames test, plasmid nicking assay and E. coli K-12 DNA repair defective mutants) and eukaryotic (Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration and Vigna radiata seed-germination test) bioassays. Strain TA98 was found the most susceptible among soil extracts. The mutagenicity of hexane soil extract from wastewater irrigation was found to be higher than that of DCM samples in terms of mutagenic index, mutagenic potential, and induction factor for Ames strains. The damage in DNA repair defective mutants of hexane extracts were found higher compared to DCM extracts at dose of 20 μl/ml of culture. Survival in polA, lexA and recA mutants were 39%, 47% and 55% while treated with hexane extract. Allium cepa test, mitotic index was decreased in dose-dependent way and various kinds of chromosomal aberrations were found. Vigna radiata seeds germination and other parameters were also affected when treated with wastewater irrigated (WWI) soil. Oxidative stress in V. radiata roots were also showed under CLS microscope. Genotoxicity of WWI soil extract was also confirmed by plasmid nicking test. Our study provides possible explanation for the assessment of potential health and environmental hazards of the industrial region.
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Bhutani N, Maheshwari R, Sharma N, Kumar P, Dang AS, Suneja P. Characterization of halo-tolerant plant growth promoting endophytic Bacillus licheniformis MHN 12. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:113. [PMID: 35920988 PMCID: PMC9349330 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Endophytic bacteria overlay significant role in plant growth promotion, eliminating phyto-pathogens and combating stress-conditions. In the present study, we aimed to screen high salt tolerant bacteria and study their adaptive response to elevated salt concentrations. A total of 46 endophytic bacterial isolates from Vigna radiata were screened for salt tolerance. The high salt tolerant endophytic isolate was characterized for alteration in morphology, growth rate, protein profiling, and compatible solute concentrations. Results The isolate MHN12, based upon biochemical characterization and partial 16S rDNA sequencing identified as B. licheniformis (accession number MG273753) was able to tolerate up to 15% NaCl (Sodium Chloride) (2.6 M) concentration. The isolate possessed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACCD) activity along with indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, ammonia, organic acid and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production. Accumulation of proline was apparent up to 7.5% NaCl concentration and declined afterwards. Ultrastructure analysis using TEM (transmission electron microscopy) revealed the morphological alteration from rods to filaments. Conclusion Acclimatization to salt stress and plant growth promoting activities could contribute to utilization of this bacterium as bioinoculant to enhance the crop yield and discourage the application of chemical fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Bhutani
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Rajat Maheshwari
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Amita Suneja Dang
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Pooja Suneja
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.
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23
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Lin Y, Laosatit K, Liu J, Chen J, Yuan X, Somta P, Chen X. The mungbean VrP locus encoding MYB90, an R2R3-type MYB protein, regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:895634. [PMID: 35937322 PMCID: PMC9355716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.895634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments present in several tissues/parts of plants. The pigments provide color and are wildly known for health benefits for human, insect attraction for plant pollination, and stress resistance in plants. Anthocyanin content variations in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] were first noticed a long time ago, but the genetic mechanism controlling the anthocyanins in mungbean remains unknown. An F2 population derived from the cross between purple-hypocotyl (V2709) and green-hypocotyl (Sulv1) mungbeans was used to map the VrP locus controlling purple hypocotyl. The VrP locus was mapped to a 78.9-kb region on chromosome 4. Sequence comparison and gene expression analysis identified an R2R3-MYB gene VrMYB90 as the candidate gene for the VrP locus. Haplotype analysis using 124 mungbean accessions suggested that 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 3 may lead to an abolished expression of VrMYB90 and an absence of anthocyanin accumulation in the hypocotyl of Sulv1 and KPS2. The overexpression of VrMYB90 in mungbean hairy root, tobacco leaf, and Arabidopsis resulted in anthocyanin accumulation (purple color). Gene expression analysis demonstrated that VrMYB90 regulated anthocyanin accumulation in the hypocotyl, stem, petiole, and flowers, and the expression was sensitive to light. VrMYB90 protein may upregulate VrDFR encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase at the late biosynthesis step of anthocyanins in mungbeans. These results suggest that VrMYB90 is the dominator in the spatiotemporal regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results provide insight into the biosynthesis mechanism of anthocyanin and a theoretical basis for breeding mungbeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Kularb Laosatit
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Thailand
| | - Jinyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingbing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Prakit Somta
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Thailand
| | - Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Kamali-Andani N, Fallah S, Peralta-Videa JR, Golkar P. A comprehensive study of selenium and cerium oxide nanoparticles on mung bean: Individual and synergistic effect on photosynthesis pigments, antioxidants, and dry matter accumulation. Sci Total Environ 2022; 830:154837. [PMID: 35346715 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the interaction effects of CeO2 NPs (250, 500 and 1000 mg L-1) and Se NPs (25, 50 and 75 mg L-1) were evaluated in mung bean (Vigna radiata). Single NPs and their combinations were foliar applied to 45-day old mung bean plants under greenhouse conditions. In each pot, a total volume of 100 mL of NPs suspension was sprayed on the plants shoot in two steps and one-week interval. After 94 days of growth, membrane degradation, antioxidant activity, photosynthetic pigments, and dry matter accumulation were assessed. At 250 and 500 mg CeO2-NPs L-1, there was partial increase of dry matter, stimulated activity of antioxidant enzymes (p ≤ 0.05), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, at 1000 mg L-1, CeO2-NPs caused strong accumulation of ROS (p ≤ 0.05), enlargement of starch granules and swelling of chloroplasts. In addition, at such concentration, there was accumulation of starch granules, reduction of photosynthetic pigments, biological nitrogen fixation, chlorosis, and a significant retardation in plant growth, compared with control, (p ≤ 0.05). Combination of Se-NPs (25 and 50 mg L-1) with 250 mg L-1 of CeO2 NPs decreased hydrogen peroxide, improved CAT, Chla, Chlb, and increased dry matter (p ≤ 0.05). At 1000 mg CeO2 NPs L-1, foliar spray of Se-NPs led to Ce accumulation in the cell wall and increased levels of SOD and proline (p ≤ 0.05). Results showed that 25 and 50 mg Se NPs L-1 ameliorate the stress of CeO2 NPs by upregulating photosynthesis pigments, antioxidants, and dry matter accumulation. Therefore, depending on the CeO2 NPs concentration, the mechanisms of Se NPs in modulating CeO2 NPs stress varied; low concentrations of Se NPs may strengthen the metabolism of legumes, and protect them against foliar toxicity of CeO2 NPs in semi-arid ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Kamali-Andani
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sina Fallah
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Jose R Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Chemistry and Computer Science Building, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
| | - Pooran Golkar
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
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25
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Cao J, Wang Y, Wang G, Ren P, Wu Y, He Q. Effects of Typical Antimicrobials on Growth Performance, Morphology and Antimicrobial Residues of Mung Bean Sprouts. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 35740213 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobials may be used to inhibit the growth of micro-organisms in the cultivation of mung bean sprouts, but the effects on mung bean sprouts are unclear. In the present study, the growth performance, morphology, antimicrobial effect and antimicrobial residues of mung bean sprouts cultivated in typical antimicrobial solutions were investigated. A screening of antimicrobial residues in thick-bud and rootless mung bean sprouts from local markets showed that the positive ratios of chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, and furazolidone were 2.78%, 22.22%, and 13.89%, respectively. The cultivating experiment indicated that the production of mung bean sprouts in antimicrobial groups was significantly reduced over 96 h (p < 0.05). The bud and root length of mung bean sprouts in enrofloxacin, olaquindox, doxycycline and furazolidone groups were significantly shortened (p < 0.05), which cultivated thick-bud and rootless mung bean sprouts similar to the 6-benzyl-adenine group. Furthermore, linear regression analysis showed average optical density of 450 nm in circulating water and average production had no obvious correlation in mung bean sprouts (p > 0.05). Antimicrobial residues were found in both mung bean sprouts and circulating water. These novel findings reveal that the antimicrobials could cultivate thick-bud and rootless mung bean sprouts due to their toxicity. This study also proposed a new question regarding the abuse of antimicrobials in fast-growing vegetables, which could be a potential food safety issue.
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Vu TTH, Kilian A, Carling J, Lawn RJ. Consensus genetic map and QTLs for morphological and agronomical traits in mungbean using DArT markers. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2022; 28:1277-1295. [PMID: 35910434 PMCID: PMC9334499 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean is an important but understudied food legume compared with other major grain crops. Genetic studies through development of high-through put markers, linkage map construction and QTL analysis can accelerate and improve the efficiency of mining for genes for breeding in this crop. This study used four mungbean F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from crosses of two wild types (ACC 1, ACC 87) and two cultivars (Berken, Kiloga) and DArT markers to construct individual and consensus linkage maps and to identify QTLs associated with 54 traits in mungbean. The number of polymorphic DArT markers identified among the four RIL populations varied from 1062 to 2013. The individual maps covered the lengths of 629.7-883.5 cM, comprising 672-981 DArT markers and 15-19 linkage groups (LG) with average distance between markers of 0.9-1.2 cM. The consensus map had the total length of 795.3 cM, comprising 1539 DArT markers and resolved 11 LGs with an average inter-marker distance of 0.65 cM. Sixty-two QTLs were identified for 39 traits across 10 LGs of the consensus map. Major QTLs were identified for two special traits, late flowering inherited from ACC 1 (6 QTLs, PVE of 11.2-29.9%) and perenniality inherited from ACC 87 (3 QTLs, PVE of 17.4-22.6%) in separate population analysis. Number of congruent QTLs across four mungbean populations and the consensus map was 18 for 13 traits. These results illustrated the high efficiency of DArT marker application in mungbean genetic dissection and suggested the future potential employment of identified QTLs for mungbean improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Hang Vu
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia
- Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Adrzeij Kilian
- Diversity Array Technology Pty. Ltd., Monana St., Bruce, ACT, 2617 Australia
| | - Jason Carling
- Diversity Array Technology Pty. Ltd., Monana St., Bruce, ACT, 2617 Australia
| | - Robert John Lawn
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture, ATSIP, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia
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27
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Khan IH, Javaid A. Biocontrol Aspergillus species together with plant biomass alter histochemical characteristics in diseased mungbean plants. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2953-2964. [PMID: 35510761 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two Aspergillus species as biocontrol agents together with Chenopodium quinoa dry biomass were used to investigate their effects on histochemical features of mungbean plant inoculated with M. phaseolina. In a pot experiment, Aspergillus flavipes and Aspergillus versicolor were added either alone or together with 1%, 2%, and 3% dry biomass of quinoa (DBQ) to the pot soil already inoculated with M. phaseolina. After 4 weeks of sowing, root and lower-stem sections of the mungbean plants were stained with ferric chloride, phloroglucinol-HCl and Lugol's iodine to detect the presence of polyphenols, lignin, and starch granules, respectively, and observed under light microscope. Stem and root sections were also observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) to reveal the effect of soil amendments on cell structures. The findings revealed that mungbean plant cross sections from all the treatments except positive control (only inoculated with M. phaseolina) showed very clear cell structures. In positive control, distorted, fragmented, and collapsed cell structures were observed. Moreover, M. phaseolina blocked vascular vessels in comparison to negative control where the cell structures were intact and normal in size. Plant sections from treatments with A. flavipes and A. versicolor alone or together with DBQ were without pathogen colonization, with normal cell structures and a high deposition of gel. The results suggested that the two Aspergillus spp. and C. quinoa induced defense responses in mungbean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Haider Khan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Javaid
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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28
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Desai S, Mistry J, Shah F, Chandwani S, Amaresan N, Supriya NR. Salt-tolerant bacteria enhance the growth of mung bean ( Vigna radiata L.) and uptake of nutrients, and mobilize sodium ions under salt stress condition. Int J Phytoremediation 2022; 25:66-73. [PMID: 35382669 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2057419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the significant abiotic stresses that exert harmful effects on plant growth and crop production. It has been reported that the harmfulness of salinity can be mitigated by the use of salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria. In this study, four bacteria were selected from a total of 30 cultures, based on salt-tolerant and PGP properties. The isolates were found to produce indole acetic acid (8.49-19.42 μg/ml), siderophore (36.04-61.77%), and solubilize potassium and inorganic phosphate. Identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the isolates belonged to Cronobacter (two isolates) and Enterobacter (two isolates). Inoculation of PGP bacteria under 2 and 10% salinity stress showed enhanced plant growth parameters in Vigna radiata compared to both salinity and non-salinity control plants. The rate of germination (113.32-206.64%), root length (128.79-525.31%), shoot length (34.09-50.32%), fresh weight, and dry weight were 3-fold higher in bacteria-treated seeds than control plants. The estimation of chlorophyll (1-5-fold), carotenoids (1-4-fold), and proline content (3.65-14.45%) was also higher compared to control plants. Further, the bacterized seeds showed enhanced nitrogen and phosphorous uptake and mobilized sodium ions from roots to leaves. Overall the strains SS4 and SS5 performed well in both 2 and 10% salt-amended soils. These strains could be formulated as a bioinoculant to mitigate the salinity stress in salinized soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Desai
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
| | - Jemisha Mistry
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
| | - Firdosh Shah
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
| | - Sapna Chandwani
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
| | - Natarajan Amaresan
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
| | - Naga Rathna Supriya
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India
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29
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Khan IH, Javaid A. Histopathological changes in root and stem of mungbean exposed to Macrophomina phaseolina and dry biomass of Chenopodium quinoa. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:2596-2606. [PMID: 35366387 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mungbean production is affected by a fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina. A pot experiment was carried out to check the effect of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) dry biomass on the histopathological features of mungbean exposed to M. phaseolina. For this, 1%, 2% and 3% (wt/wt) of C. quinoa dry biomass was mixed in the soil inoculated with M. phaseolina. The highest disease incidence (36%) was recorded in the positive control (only M. phaseolina). Different treatments of quinoa dry mass reduced disease incidence to 4-7%. After 4 weeks of germination, stem and root sections were stained in phloroglucinol-HCl, ferric chloride and Lugol's iodine stains for the detection of lignin, polyphenols and starch granules, respectively, and studied under light microscope. Plants of positive control showed damaged cells, and heavy deposition of lignin, phenolics and starch granules as compared to plants of the negative control and those grown in the soil amended with different doses of dry biomass of quinoa. For better understanding, plant root and stem sections were studied under a scanning electron microscope. Plant sections from positive control exhibited the presence of M. phaseolina sclerotial bodies and hyphal growth, whereas in negative control normal cell structures were observed. However, C. quinoa amended stem and root sections revealed the presence of high gel deposition with normal cell structures and no pathogen establishment. This study concludes that application of C. quinoa is an effective and natural remedy to activate the resistance mechanism in plants and to combat the adverse effects of M. phaseolina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Haider Khan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Javaid
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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30
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Hu H, Feng N, Shen X, Zhao L, Zheng D. Transcriptomic analysis of Vigna radiata in response to chilling stress and uniconazole application. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:205. [PMID: 35287570 PMCID: PMC8922894 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chilling injury of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.)) during the blooming and podding stages is a major agricultural threat in Northeast China. Uniconazole (UNZ) can alleviate water deficit stress in soybean and waterlogging stress in mung bean. However, there has been no report on the effect of UNZ application on the growth and transcriptomic profile of mung bean under chilling stress. Results UNZ application before chilling stress at the R1 stage alleviated the decline in mung bean yield. UNZ delayed the decrease in leaf chlorophyll content under chilling stress at the R1 stage and accelerated the increase in leaf chlorophyll content during the recovery period. Eighteen separate RNA-Seq libraries were generated from RNA samples collected from leaves exposed to six different treatment schemes. The numbers of DEGs specific for UNZ treatment between D1 + S vs. D1 and D4 + S vs. D4 were 708 and 810, respectively. GO annotations showed that photosynthesis genes were obviously enriched among the genes affected by chilling stress and UNZ application. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that 4 pathways (cutin, suberin and wax biosynthesis; photosynthesis; porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism; and ribosome) were downregulated, while plant–pathogen interaction was upregulated, by chilling stress. UNZ application effectively prevented the further downregulation of the gene expression of members of these 4 KEGG pathways under chilling stress. Conclusions UNZ application effectively delayed the decrease in photosynthetic pigment content under chilling stress and accelerated the increase in photosynthetic pigment content during the recovery period, thus effectively limiting the decline in mung bean yield. UNZ application effectively prevented the further downregulation of the gene expression of members of 4 KEGG pathways under chilling stress and increased mung bean tolerance to chilling stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08443-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqiao Hu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, 524088, Zhanjiang, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Naijie Feng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, 524088, Zhanjiang, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Xuefeng Shen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, 524088, Zhanjiang, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, 524088, Zhanjiang, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, 524088, Zhanjiang, China. .,Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China.
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31
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Melloy P, Del Ponte EM, Sparks AH. Timing of Triazole-Based Spray Schedules for Managing Mungbean Powdery Mildew in Australia: A Meta-Analysis. Plant Dis 2022; 106:918-924. [PMID: 34597145 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-21-1256-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM), caused by two fungal species, Podosphaera xanthii and Erysiphe vignae, is a yield-limiting foliar disease commonly found in mungbean (Vigna radiata) cropping areas of the eastern region of Australia. Effective control of the disease relies largely on fungicide applications, mainly of the triazole group. Uncertainty in the current fungicide spray schedule recommendations, which advise commencing with a spray at the first signs of PM, prompted this study to evaluate PM severity and crop yield data obtained from fungicide trials, which also tested spray schedules starting before (early) or after (late) first signs, applied singly or combined with a follow-up spray. A meta-analytic approach was used to obtain mean differences of the PM severity and crop yield between plots sprayed with specific triazole-based spray schedules and nontreated plots. From 26 trials, 14 trials and 15 trials met the criteria for inclusion in PM severity and yield analyses, respectively. The schedule with the first spray starting at first sign, with a follow-up spray 14 days later, resulted in significantly lower disease severity compared with all other schedules. However, the yield protected was only numerically higher and not statistically different compared with single-spray at first sign, single-spray late, or two-spray starting late. PM severity and yield in the early sprayed plots did not differ from the nontreated plots. These findings support the current recommendations and provide additional evidence that yields are still protected when delaying the first spray up to a week after disease onset. They also suggest that additional sprays may not always be necessary, thus reducing direct fungicide costs, indirect costs related to fungicide insensitivity, and potential adverse effects to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Melloy
- Center for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
| | | | - Adam H Sparks
- Center for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Bentley, Western Australia 6983, Australia
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32
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Tirkey SR, Ram S, Mitra M, Mishra S. Performance analysis of Pseudomonas sp. strain SA3 in naphthalene degradation using phytotoxicity and microcosm studies. Biodegradation 2022; 33:169-180. [PMID: 35103887 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-022-09972-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to develop a microbial system for efficient naphthalene bioremediation. A phytotoxicity study was carried out to check the naphthalene detoxification efficiency of Pseudomonas sp. strain SA3 in mung bean (Vigna radiata). For this, administration of the degraded product (supernatant) of 500 mg L-1 naphthalene by Pseudomonas sp. strain SA3 was studied on V. radiata till 168 h. The growth parameters of mung bean seedlings exposed to treated naphthalene solution were statistically similar to distilled water but a twofold decrease when exposed to untreated naphthalene solution. Further, through the soil microcosm study, the naphthalene degradation by pure colonies of Pseudomonas sp. strain SA3 was 6.8% higher as compared to when the natural microflora was mixed with Pseudomonas sp. strain SA3. Further naphthalene degradation by a microcosm model revealed that with an increased concentration of glucose, the carbon dioxide trap rate decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Rani Tirkey
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Headquarters, CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Shristi Ram
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru, 560111, India
| | - Madhusree Mitra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Headquarters, CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.
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33
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Rohilla V, Yadav RK, Poonia A, Sheoran R, Kumari G, Shanmugavadivel PS, Pratap A. Association Mapping for Yield Attributing Traits and Yellow Mosaic Disease Resistance in Mung Bean [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:749439. [PMID: 35111171 PMCID: PMC8801447 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.749439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is an important short-duration grain legume widely known for its nutritional, soil ameliorative, and cropping system intensification properties. This study aims at evaluating genetic diversity among mung bean genotypes and detecting genomic regions associated with various yield attributing traits and yellow mosaic disease (YMD) resistance by association mapping. A panel of 80 cultivars and advanced breeding lines was evaluated for 10 yield-related and YMD resistance traits during kharif (monsoon) and summer seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. A total of 164 genome-wide simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were initially screened, out of which 89 were found polymorphic which generated 317 polymorphic alleles with an average of 3.56 alleles per SSR locus. The number of alleles at each locus varied from 2 to 7. The population genetic structure analysis grouped different genotypes in three major clusters and three genetically distinct subpopulations (SPs) (i.e., SP-1, SP-2, and SP-3) with one admixture subpopulation (SP-4). Both cluster and population genetic structure analysis categorized the advanced mung bean genotypes in a single group/SP and the released varieties in other groups/SPs, suggesting that the studied genotypes may have common ancestral history at some level. The population genetic structure was also in agreement with the genetic diversity analysis. The estimate of the average degree of linkage disequilibrium (LD) present at the genome level in 80 mung bean genotypes unveiled significant LD blocks. Over the four seasons, 10 marker-trait associations were observed significant for YMD and four seed yield (SY)-related traits viz., days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and number of pods per plant using the mixed linear model (MLM) method. These associations may be useful for marker-assisted mung bean yield improvement programs and YMD resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Versha Rohilla
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Atman Poonia
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Ravika Sheoran
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Gita Kumari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | | | - Aditya Pratap
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
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Anashkin VA, Baykov AA. A Lumenal Loop Associated with Catalytic Asymmetry in Plant Vacuolar H +-Translocating Pyrophosphatase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12902. [PMID: 34884707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-integral inorganic pyrophosphatases (mPPases) couple pyrophosphate hydrolysis with H+ and Na+ pumping in plants and microbes. mPPases are homodimeric transporters with two catalytic sites facing the cytoplasm and demonstrating highly different substrate-binding affinities and activities. The structural aspects of the functional asymmetry are still poorly understood because the structure of the physiologically relevant dimer form with only one active site occupied by the substrate is unknown. We addressed this issue by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the H+-transporting mPPase of Vigna radiata, starting from its crystal structure containing a close substrate analog (imidodiphosphate, IDP) in both active sites. The MD simulations revealed pre-existing subunit asymmetry, which increased upon IDP binding to one subunit and persisted in the fully occupied dimer. The most significant asymmetrical change caused by IDP binding is a ‘rigid body’-like displacement of the lumenal loop connecting α-helices 2 and 3 in the partner subunit and opening its exit channel for water. This highly conserved 14–19-residue loop is found only in plant vacuolar mPPases and may have a regulatory function, such as pH sensing in the vacuole. Our data define the structural link between the loop and active sites and are consistent with the published structural and functional data.
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Kumar K S, Pindi PK. Data on host specificity and symbiotic association between indigenous Rhizobium BD1 strain and Vigna radiata (green gram). Data Brief 2021; 39:107520. [PMID: 34805456 PMCID: PMC8581496 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to use bio-inoculants in relative to specific legume plant diversity for, enhanced nodulation and plant growth. Method involves organically based selection of 36 rhizobial strains, of which 6 strains were isolated to assess the efficiency of relative host-specific inoculation on nodulation and development in legumes viz. Vigna radiata. All promising combinations of the preferred rhizobial strain inoculants were tested under sterile conditions for improving nodulation and to screen the best isolate to be evaluated for its enhanced characteristics through inoculation by field trial in various soils. It was observed that the strains from Bhadrachalam forest BD1 are highly host specific for Vigna radiata plants and when inoculated, improved nodulation and enhanced plant growth. Because of the novel characters in BD1, further studies were carried out and was identified as Rhizobium sp. BD1 (NCBI Accession no. MT577595). The percentage of nitrogen content in Vigna radiata ranged between 1.2% to 2.9%. This Rhizobium sp. BD1 was tested for the unraveling and amelioration of crop production in barren, polluted and agricultural soils which showed enhanced characteristics in Vigna radiata plants. This method may be employed across the globe of same climatic conditions for the retrieval of plants in soils that carry agriculture unsuccessfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar K
- Department of Microbiology, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India. 509 001
| | - Pavan Kumar Pindi
- Department of Microbiology, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India. 509 001
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36
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Reddy VRP, Dikshit HK, Mishra GP, Aski M, Singh A, Bansal R, Pandey R, Nair RM. Comparison of different selection traits for identification of phosphorus use efficient lines in mungbean. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12156. [PMID: 34707926 PMCID: PMC8504459 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the major constraints for crop growth and development, owing to low availability and least mobility in many tropical soil conditions. Categorization of existing germplasm under P deficient conditions is a prerequisite for the selection and development of P efficient genotypes in the mungbean. In the present investigation, 36 diverse genotypes were categorized for phosphorus use efficiency traits using four different techniques for identification of phosphorus use efficient mungbean genotypes. The studied genotypes were categorized for P efficiency based on efficiency, responsiveness, and stress tolerance score of genotypes under normal and low P conditions. The mean values of traits, root dry mass, root to shoot ratio, and P utilization efficiency are significantly higher under low P conditions indicating the high responsiveness of traits to P deficiency. The presence of significant interaction between genotypes and P treatment indicates the evaluated genotypes were significantly affected by P treatment for studied traits. The total P uptake showed significant and positive correlations with root dry mass, shoot dry mass, total dry mass,and P concentration under both P regimes. Out of the four techniques used for the categorization of genotypes for P efficiency, three techniques revealed that the genotype PUSA 1333, followed by Pusa Vishal, PUSA 1031, and Pusa Ratna is efficient. The categorization based on stress tolerance score is the finest way to study variation and for the selection of contrasting genotypes for P efficiency. The identified P efficient genotypes would be valuable resources for genetic enhancement of P use efficiency in mungbean breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.,Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.,Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst KI, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Cubadda F, Frenzel T, Heinonen M, Maradona MP, Marchelli R, Neuhäuser‐Berthold M, Poulsen M, Schlatter JR, van Loveren H, Fernandez A, Knutsen HK. Safety of mung bean protein as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA J 2021; 19:e06846. [PMID: 34707717 PMCID: PMC8527371 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on mung bean protein as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The NF, which is the subject of the application, is mung bean protein extracted from seeds of the plant Vigna radiata. The NF is proposed to be used as a food ingredient added to 'protein products, excluding products covered in category 1.8'. The target population is the general population. The maximum estimated intake of the NF is 758 and 260 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day in children and adults, respectively. The major constituents of this NF are protein (~85%), fat (3-4%) and moisture (3-5.5%). The NF is rich in protein which is well digestible and provides sufficient amounts of most essential amino acids but only limited amounts of sulfur-containing amino acids. The Panel notes that the cumulative exposure to the minerals analysed does not raise concern. The reported values for the levels of antinutritional factors in the NF are comparable to those in other foodstuffs. The Panel considers that taking into account the composition of the NF and the proposed conditions of use, consumption of the NF is not nutritionally disadvantageous. No toxicological studies with the NFs were provided by the applicant; however, the Panel considers that no toxicological studies are required on this NF. This NF has the potential capacity to sensitise individuals and to induce allergic reactions in individuals allergic to soybean, peanuts, lupin and to birch pollen. The Panel considers that the NF, i.e. mung bean protein, is safe at the proposed conditions of use.
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Motyka-Pomagruk A, Dzimitrowicz A, Orlowski J, Babinska W, Terefinko D, Rychlowski M, Prusinski M, Pohl P, Lojkowska E, Jamroz P, Sledz W. Implementation of a Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma for Eradication of Plant Pathogens from a Surface of Economically Important Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9256. [PMID: 34502164 PMCID: PMC8431735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant pathogenic bacteria cause significant economic losses in the global food production sector. To secure an adequate amount of high-quality nutrition for the growing human population, novel approaches need to be undertaken to combat plant disease-causing agents. As the currently available methods to eliminate bacterial phytopathogens are scarce, we evaluated the effectiveness and mechanism of action of a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP). It was ignited from a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) operation in a plasma pencil, and applied for the first time for eradication of Dickeya and Pectobacterium spp., inoculated either on glass spheres or mung bean seeds. Furthermore, the impact of the DBD exposure on mung bean seeds germination and seedlings growth was estimated. The observed bacterial inactivation rates exceeded 3.07 logs. The two-minute DBD exposure stimulated by 3-4% the germination rate of mung bean seeds and by 13.4% subsequent early growth of the seedlings. On the contrary, a detrimental action of the four-minute DBD subjection on seed germination and early growth of the sprouts was noted shortly after the treatment. However, this effect was no longer observed or reduced to 9.7% after the 96 h incubation period. Due to the application of optical emission spectrometry (OES), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), we found that the generated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), i.e., N2, N2+, NO, OH, NH, and O, probably led to the denaturation and aggregation of DNA, proteins, and ribosomes. Furthermore, the cellular membrane disrupted, leading to an outflow of the cytoplasm from the DBD-exposed cells. This study suggests the potential applicability of NTAPPs as eco-friendly and innovative plant protection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Motyka-Pomagruk
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland; (J.O.); (W.B.); (M.P.); (E.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Anna Dzimitrowicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.D.); (D.T.); (P.P.); (P.J.)
| | - Jakub Orlowski
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland; (J.O.); (W.B.); (M.P.); (E.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Weronika Babinska
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland; (J.O.); (W.B.); (M.P.); (E.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Dominik Terefinko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.D.); (D.T.); (P.P.); (P.J.)
| | - Michal Rychlowski
- Laboratory of Virus Molecular Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Michal Prusinski
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland; (J.O.); (W.B.); (M.P.); (E.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Pawel Pohl
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.D.); (D.T.); (P.P.); (P.J.)
| | - Ewa Lojkowska
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland; (J.O.); (W.B.); (M.P.); (E.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Piotr Jamroz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.D.); (D.T.); (P.P.); (P.J.)
| | - Wojciech Sledz
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, 58 Abrahama, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland; (J.O.); (W.B.); (M.P.); (E.L.); (W.S.)
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Rachtanapun P, Kodsangma A, Homsaard N, Nadon S, Jantrawut P, Ruksiriwanich W, Seesuriyachan P, Leksawasdi N, Phimolsiripol Y, Chaiyaso T, Phongthai S, Sommano SR, Techapun C, Ougizawa T, Kittikorn T, Wangtueai S, Regenstein JM, Jantanasakulwong K. Thermoplastic mung bean starch/natural rubber/sericin blends for improved oil resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:283-289. [PMID: 34343586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oil resistant thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) were prepared using mung bean thermoplastic starch (MTPS) blending with rubbers and sericin. Sericin was incorporated into MTPS as a compatibilizer. MTPS with sericin (MTPSS) was blended with natural rubber (NR) and epoxidized NR (ENR). Sericin at 5% improved the tensile strength (10 MPa), elastic recovery (52%) and morphology of the MTPSS/ENR blend. The mechanical properties, elastic recovery and morphology of the MTPSS5/NR blend were improved by the addition of ENR. The MTPSS/ENR showed palm (28%) and motor oils (8%) swelling resistance because of the hydrophilicity of MTPS and high polarity of ENR. The MTPSS/ENR/NR showed gasoline swelling resistance (104%) because of the hydrophilicity of MTPS and low polarity of NR. FTIR confirmed a reaction between the -NH groups of sericin and the epoxy groups of ENR. This reaction improved the compatibility, mechanical properties, elastic recovery, morphology and oils swelling resistance of the blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Araya Kodsangma
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Nattagarn Homsaard
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Sudarut Nadon
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Warintorn Ruksiriwanich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Yuthana Phimolsiripol
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Suphat Phongthai
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory (BAC), Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Charin Techapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Toshiaki Ougizawa
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Thosak Kittikorn
- Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Sutee Wangtueai
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand
| | - Joe M Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-7201, USA
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
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Pandey AK, Basandrai AK, Basandrai D, Boddepalli VN, Rathore A, Adapala G, Nair RM. Field-Relevant New Sources of Resistance to Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum truncatum in a Mungbean Mini-Core Collection. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2001-2010. [PMID: 33599514 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2722-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose is a prevalent disease of mungbean in Asian countries and Sub-Saharan Africa. It is caused by multiple Colletotrichum species. The high levels of anthracnose resistance in mungbean have not been studied in depth in India, but genetic resistance is desired. In this study, we identified the causal agent of mungbean anthracnose in two regions of India as Colletotrichum truncatum through morphological and molecular methods. A set of 296 mungbean mini-core accessions developed by WorldVeg was screened under a natural disease pressure from July to September (kharif season) in 2016, 2017, and 2018 in Hyderabad (a hot spot for anthracnose) to identify anthracnose resistance. Based on disease severity scores, 22 accessions were consistently anthracnose resistant under the categories of immune, highly resistant, and resistant with scores ranging from ≥1.0 to ≤3.0 during the period of study. Furthermore, based on the agronomic performance, anthracnose resistance in Hyderabad, and other desirable traits, a subset of 74 mungbean accessions was selected from 296 mini-core accessions. These accessions were evaluated under natural disease pressure from July to September in 2018 and 2019 in Palampur (another hot spot for anthracnose) to determine the variation in anthracnose resistance. Out of the 74 accessions, two accessions were resistant in 2018; in 2019, one was immune, nine were highly resistant, and 15 were resistant. Combined analysis of variance of 65 accessions common in Hyderabad and Palampur revealed highly significant effects of environment, genotype (accessions), and genotype × environment interaction on the disease severity. The combined GGE biplot analysis of data across years and locations confirmed that the seven accessions MC-24, MC-51, MC-75, MC-127, MC-207, MC-208, and MC-292 were resistant during 2016 to 2018 in Hyderabad, and only in 2019 in Palampur, and the same accessions were moderately resistant in 2018 in Palampur. The seven resistant accessions identified from both test locations could be used as potential donors in the anthracnose resistance breeding program.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay K Pandey
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad-502324, TS, India
- Tea Research Association, North Bengal Regional R & D Center, Nagrakata-735225, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashwani K Basandrai
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur-176062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Daisy Basandrai
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur-176062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | | | - Abhishek Rathore
- International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad-502324, TS, India
| | - Gopikrishna Adapala
- International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad-502324, TS, India
| | - Ramakrishnan M Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad-502324, TS, India
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Shekhawat GS, Mahawar L, Rajput P, Rajput VD, Minkina T, Singh RK. Role of Engineered Carbon Nanoparticles (CNPs) in Promoting Growth and Metabolism of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek: Insights into the Biochemical and Physiological Responses. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1317. [PMID: 34203538 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the documented significance of carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) in plant development, the knowledge of the impact of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) dosage on physiological responses of crop plants is still scarce. Hence, the present study investigates the concentration-dependent impact of CNPs on the morphology and physiology of Vigna radiata. Crop seedlings were subjected to CNPs at varying concentrations (25 to 200 µM) in hydroponic medium for 96 h to evaluate various physiological parameters. CNPs at an intermediate concentration (100 to 150 µM) favor the growth of crops by increasing the total chlorophyll content (1.9-fold), protein content (1.14-fold) and plant biomass (fresh weight: 1.2-fold, dry weight: 1.14-fold). The highest activity of antioxidants (SOD, GOPX, APX and proline) was also recorded at these concentrations, which indicates a decline in ROS level at 100 µM. At the highest CNPs treatment (200 µM), aggregation of CNPs was observed more on the root surface and accumulated in higher concentrations in the plant tissues, which limits the absorption and translocation of nutrients to plants, and hence, at these concentrations, the oxidative damage imposed by CNPs is evaded with the rise in activity of antioxidants. These findings show the importance of CNPs as nano-fertilizers that not only improve plant growth by their slow and controlled release of nutrients, but also enhance the stress-tolerant and phytoremediation efficiency of plants in the polluted environment due to their enormous absorption potential.
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Ranjan J, Joshi V, Mandal T, Mandal DD. Ecotoxicological risk assessment of pentachlorophenol, an emerging DBP to plants: evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant responses. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:27954-27965. [PMID: 33527244 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols are not only noticed in an effluvium of industries but also can emerge from the water treatment plants for domestic supply which poses a high threat for crop production and human health. Therefore, research on their risks to ecosystem and human health via ecotoxicological tests to derivate permissible environmental contaminant concentrations is necessary. The chlorophenols produced in the course of chlorination of potable water is an outcome of natural carboxylic acids/organic material and those chlorophenols occurred as emerging disinfection byproducts (EDBPs). Among chlorophenols, pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been recently identified as one of the important EDBPs. The main objective was to evaluate the PCP-induced genotoxicity and the oxidative damage in two plant species, i.e., Allium cepa and Vigna radiata. Genotoxicity of PCP was examined at three selected concentrations based on EC50 (half-maximal effective concentrations) values in both the plants along with the defense mechanism. EC50 value for A. cepa and V. radiata was 0.7 mg/L and 35 mg/L. Root length inhibition, DNA laddering, lipid peroxidation, H2O2 content, and antioxidant enzymatic assays evaluated revealed a dose-dependent response. PCP influenced defense enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) action in both plants and showed deprivement of catalase (CAT) with the increase of PCP concentrations. PCP-invaded toxicity management by these plants implied that A. cepa is more sensitive than V. radiata regarding PCP-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Vayam Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Tamale Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Dalia Dasgupta Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India.
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Aqeel M, Khalid N, Tufail A, Ahmad RZ, Akhter MS, Luqman M, Javed MT, Irshad MK, Alamri S, Hashem M, Noman A. Elucidating the distinct interactive impact of cadmium and nickel on growth, photosynthesis, metal-homeostasis, and yield responses of mung bean ( Vigna radiata L.) varieties. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:27376-27390. [PMID: 33507502 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12579-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soils with heavy metals (HMs) caused serious problems because plants tend to absorb HMs from the soil. In view of HM hazards to plants as well as agro-ecosystems, we executed this study to assess metal toxicity to mung bean (Vigna radiata) plants cultivated in soil with six treatment levels of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) and to find metal tolerant variety, i.e., M-93 (V1) and M-1(V2) with multifarious plant biochemical and physiological attributes. Increasing doses of Cd and Ni inhibited plant growth and photosynthesis and both varieties showed highly significant differences in the morpho-physiological attributes. V2 showed sensitivity to Cd and Ni treatments alone or in combination. Tolerance indices for attributes presented a declined growth of Vigna plants under HM stress accompanied by highly significant suppression in gas exchange characteristics. Of single element applications, the adverse effects on mung bean were more pronounced in Cd treatments. V1 showed much reduction in photosynthesis attributes except sub-stomatal CO2 concentration in all treatments compared to V2. The yield attributes, i.e., seed yield/plant and 100-seed weight, were progressively reduced in T5 for both varieties. In combination, we have observed increased mobility of Cd and Ni in both varieties. The results showed that water use efficiency (WUE) generally increased in all the treatments for both varieties compared to control. V2 exhibited less soluble sugars and free amino acids compared to V1 in all the treatments. Similarly, we recorded an enhanced total free amino acid contents in both varieties among all the metal treatments against control plants. We conclude that combinatorial treatment proved much lethal for Vigna plants, but V1 performed better than V2 in counteracting the adverse effects of Cd and Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Aasma Tufail
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rana Zaheer Ahmad
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Salim Akhter
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Luqman
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq Javed
- Department of Environmental Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Saad Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Sultan Ben Abdulaziz Center for Environmental and Tourism Research and Studies, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Environmental Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Aqib M, Nawaz F, Majeed S, Ghaffar A, Ahmad KS, Shehzad MA, Tahir MN, Aurangzaib M, Javeed HMR, Habib-ur-Rahman M, Usmani MM. Physiological insights into sulfate and selenium interaction to improve drought tolerance in mung bean. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2021; 27:1073-1087. [PMID: 34092951 PMCID: PMC8140040 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study involved two pot experiments to investigate the response of mung bean to the individual or combined SO4 2- and selenate application under drought stress. A marked increment in biomass and NPK accumulation was recorded in mung bean seedlings fertilized with various SO4 2- sources, except for CuSO4. Compared to other SO4 2- fertilizers, ZnSO4 application resulted in the highest increase in growth attributes and shoot nutrient content. Further, the combined S and Se application (S + Se) significantly enhanced relative water content (16%), SPAD value (72%), photosynthetic rate (80%) and activities of catalase (79%), guaiacol peroxidase (53%) and superoxide dismutase (58%) in the leaves of water-stressed mung bean plants. Consequently, the grain yield of mung bean was markedly increased by 105% under water stress conditions. Furthermore, S + Se application considerably increased the concentrations of P (47%), K (75%), S (80%), Zn (160%), and Fe (15%) in mung bean seeds under drought stress conditions. These findings indicate that S + Se application potentially increases the nutritional quality of grain legumes by stimulating photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidative machinery under water deficit conditions. Our results could provide the basis for further experiments on cross-talk between S and Se regulatory pathways to improve the nutritional quality of food crops. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-00992-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aqib
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Nawaz
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Science (340 h), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Present Address: Alexander von Humboldt Postdoctoral Fellow at University of Hohenheim (340 h), 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sadia Majeed
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Naeem Tahir
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aurangzaib
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES) Crop Science, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Shabnam N, Oh J, Park S, Kim H. Impact of particulate matter on primary leaves of Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 212:111965. [PMID: 33550080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) pollution is of great concern for human health and vegetation. In this study, we investigated the impact of PM on primary (unifoliate) leaves of Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek by exposing leaves' adaxial surface to PM. Leaves exposed to PM showed accumulation of various metal(loid)s even after removal of epicuticular wax (EW) revealing that the metals/metalloids could penetrate through the cuticular barrier. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed that even after thorough washing with water, a significant amount (~55%) of particles were retained on the leaf surface. Leaves did not show any particles on their surface post EW removal, revealing that particles adhered to EW. Exposing primary leaves to PM did not alter their size but gave rise to smaller sized trifoliate leaves. A decline in Chl a/b of PM-exposed primary leaves suggested that PM cause a shading effect on leaves. PM-exposed primary leaves also showed a decline in sugar levels. However, the trifoliate leaves did not show any variation in Chl a/b as well as sugar levels. Our findings furnish evidence for the negative effects of PM on plants and a probable dietary exposure of humans to PMs, warranting more in-depth studies on the potential risks of PMs in agricultural sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Shabnam
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joosung Oh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Park
- Rural Development Administration, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunook Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Selvinsimpson S, Eva Gnana Dhana Rani S, Ganesh Kumar A, Rajaram R, Sharmila Lydia I, Chen Y. Photocatalytic activity of SnO 2/Fe 3O 4 nanocomposites and the toxicity assessment of Vigna radiata, Artemia salina and Danio rerio in the photodegraded solution. Environ Res 2021; 195:110787. [PMID: 33508257 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study was undertaken to design SnO2/Fe3O4 nanocomposite by sonochemical method and to assess the photodegradation of organic dye. Textural, composition and structural features of the bare SnO2 and SnO2/Fe3O4 samples were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The X-ray diffraction of as-synthesized SnO2/Fe3O4 nanocomposites confirms the presence of tetragonal and cubic structure. The results disclose that the incorporation of Fe3O4 in SnO2 decrease the crystallite size and increase the surface area compared with bare SnO2 nanoparticle. The as-prepared photocatalyst shows higher efficiency than the bare SnO2 under sunlight irradiation. Vigna radiata seeds (VR), Artemia salina (AS) and Zebra fish (Danio rerio (DR) were used to check the toxicity level of the treated and untreated Rhodamine B (RhB) dye solution. These models displayed good consistency for examining the harmfulness of the solutions. The results suggests SnO2/Fe3O4 nanocomposite exhibited a good efficacy in the dye wastewater treatment. Further, the degradation efficiency was confirmed by the toxicity examination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Eva Gnana Dhana Rani
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli, 620017, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Ganesh Kumar
- DNA Barcoding and Marine Genomics Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Rajaram
- DNA Barcoding and Marine Genomics Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I Sharmila Lydia
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli, 620017, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Varjani S, Pandey A, Upasani VN. Petroleum sludge polluted soil remediation: Integrated approach involving novel bacterial consortium and nutrient application. Sci Total Environ 2021; 763:142934. [PMID: 33268247 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum sludge has been reported as noteworthy hazardous solid waste generated from industrial activities of petroleum sector. Environment friendly and economically sound treatment of petroleum sludge has attracted global attention worldwide and has become a thrust area of research. Petroleum sludge bioremediation is gaining interest of researchers globally to clean pollutants from soil ecosystems. To date of submission of the work there is no literature available reporting comparing five approaches for remediation of agricultural soil polluted with petroleum sludge employing hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial consortium (HUBC). Further studies on toxicity were performed through pot experiments using Vigna radiata. The aim of this research work was to compare capability of five approaches for remediating petroleum sludge polluted agricultural soil by employing soil microcosms. Best results were obtained when simultaneous application of HUBC and nutrients was performed in microcosm. Highest decrease (93.14 ± 1.75%) of petroleum sludge with sufficient count of hydrocarbon utilizers and decreased nutrients in 42 days was reported. Quality improvement of petroleum sludge contaminated agricultural soil after its bioremediation was performed by pot experiments by checking germination of V. radiata seeds. 85.71% germination of seeds in 5 days was noted for treated soil. Thus, HUBC can be applied as a bioremediating consortium to reclaim petroleum sludge polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India.
| | - Ashok Pandey
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Vivek N Upasani
- Department of Microbiology, M. G. Science Institute, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
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Sarapat S, Songwattana P, Longtonglang A, Umnajkitikorn K, Girdthai T, Tittabutr P, Boonkerd N, Teaumroong N. Effects of Increased 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) Deaminase Activity in Bradyrhizobium sp. SUTN9-2 on Mung Bean Symbiosis under Water Deficit Conditions. Microbes Environ 2021; 35. [PMID: 32554939 PMCID: PMC7511786 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me20024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria exhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, which inhibits the biosynthesis of ethylene in higher plants, promote plant growth through the degradation of ethylene precursors, such as ACC. ACC deaminase activity in Bradyrhizobium sp. SUTN9-2 was enhanced by genetic engineering and adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE)-based methods. The transferal of a plasmid containing the acdR and acdS genes into SUTN9-2 was genetic engineering improved, while the ALE method was performed based on the accumulation of an adaptive bacterial population that continuously grew under specified growth conditions for a long time. ACC deaminase enzyme activity was 8.9–fold higher in SUTN9-2:pMG103::acdRS and 1.4–fold higher in SUTN9-2 (ACCDadap) than in the wild-type strain. The effects of increased activity were examined in the host plant (Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek SUT1). The improved strains enhanced nodulation in early stage of plant growth. SUTN9-2:pMG103::acdRS also maintained nitrogen fixation under water deficit conditions and increased the plant biomass after rehydration. Changes in nucleotides and amino acids in the AcdS protein of SUTN9-2 (ACCDadap) were then investigated. Some nucleotides predicted to be located in the ACC-binding site were mutated. These mutations may have increased ACC deaminase activity, which enhanced both symbiotic interactions and drought tolerance and promoted recovery after rehydration more than lower ACC deaminase activity. Adaptive evolution represents a promising strategy for further applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanlaya Sarapat
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
| | - Pongpan Songwattana
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
| | - Aphakorn Longtonglang
- Suranaree University of Technology Farm (SUT Farm), Suranaree University of Technology
| | - Kamolchanok Umnajkitikorn
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
| | - Teerayoot Girdthai
- School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
| | - Panlada Tittabutr
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
| | - Nantakorn Boonkerd
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
| | - Neung Teaumroong
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
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Chaudhary T, Gera R, Shukla P. Deciphering the Potential of Rhizobium pusense MB-17a, a Plant Growth-Promoting Root Endophyte, and Functional Annotation of the Genes Involved in the Metabolic Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:617034. [PMID: 33537293 PMCID: PMC7848175 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.617034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are root endophytic bacteria used for growth promotion, and they have broader applications in enhancing specific crop yield as a whole. In the present study, we have explored the potential of Rhizobium pusense MB-17a as an endophytic bacterium isolated from the roots of the mung bean (Vigna radiata) plant. Furthermore, this bacterium was sequenced and assembled to reveal its genomic potential associated with plant growth-promoting traits. Interestingly, the root endophyte R. pusense MB-17a showed all essential PGPR traits which were determined by biochemical and PGPR tests. It was noted that this root endophytic bacterium significantly produced siderophores, indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, and ACC deaminase and efficiently solubilized phosphate. The maximum IAA and ammonia produced were observed to be 110.5 and 81 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the PGPR potential of this endophytic bacterium was also confirmed by a pot experiment for mung bean (V. radiata), whose results show a substantial increase in the plant's fresh weight by 76.1% and dry weight by 76.5% on the 60th day after inoculation of R. pusense MB-17a. Also, there is a significant enhancement in the nodule number by 66.1% and nodule fresh weight by 162% at 45th day after inoculation with 100% field capacity after the inoculation of R. pusense MB-17a. Besides this, the functional genomic annotation of R. pusense MB-17a determined the presence of different proteins and transporters that are responsible for its stress tolerance and its plant growth-promoting properties. It was concluded that the unique presence of genes like rpoH, otsAB, and clpB enhances the symbiosis process during adverse conditions in this endophyte. Through Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST) analysis, the key genes involved in the production of siderophores, volatile compounds, indoles, nitrogenases, and amino acids were also predicted. In conclusion, the strain described in this study gives a novel idea of using such type of endophytes for improving plant growth-promoting traits under different stress conditions for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twinkle Chaudhary
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Rajesh Gera
- Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Ameenudeen S, Unnikrishnan S, Ramalingam K. Statistical optimization for the efficacious degradation of reactive azo dyes using Acinetobacter baumannii JC359. J Environ Manage 2021; 279:111512. [PMID: 33162232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to biodegrade the reactive azo dyes- Reactive black 5 (B-GDN), Reactive red 120 (RP) and Reactive blue 19 (RNB) using bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii JC359. Optimization of the process variables such as pH, temperature, dye concentration, incubation time, inoculum volume and dynamic incubating conditions for dye decolorization were performed using One Factor At a Time (OFAT) approach. Box- Behnken Design (BBD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was further used to optimize the process variables. Decolorization rates of 98.8% for B-GDN, 96% for RP and 96.2% for RNB were observed after treating with A. baumannii for 48 h using the obtained design value. UV-Visible spectrophotometry and FT-IR spectral scan of dye and degraded metabolites confirmed that biodegradation had taken place. Further, the phytotoxicity evaluation was performed with Vigna radiata seeds and the degraded metabolites proved to be non-toxic. Docking studies were performed and it was found that there was significant binding affinity between the dyes and azoreductase enzyme of A. baumannii. Thus, the biodegradation of these reactive azo dyes was found to be a suitable alternative for the effective treatment of textile dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Ameenudeen
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 048, India.
| | - Sneha Unnikrishnan
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 048, India.
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 048, India.
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