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Park YS, Kang SM, Kim YJ, Lee IJ. Exploring the dietary and therapeutic potential of licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) sprouts. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 328:118101. [PMID: 38527575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This research substantiates the traditional use of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. for liver health, with scientific evidence of the non-toxic and lipid-lowering properties of licorice sprout extracts. The sprouts' rich mineral and amino acid content, along with their strong antioxidant activity, reinforce their value in traditional medicine. These findings bridge ancient herbal practices with modern science, highlighting licorice's potential in contemporary therapeutic applications. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to investigate the dietary and medicinal potential of G. uralensis sprouts by assessing their safety, nutritional content, and antioxidant properties using both plant and animal models. Specifically, the study sought to determine the effects of different sizes of licorice sprouts on lipid metabolism in human liver cancer cells and their overall impact on rat health indicators. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study examined the effects of aqueous and organic extracts from G. uralensis sprouts of varying lengths on the cytotoxicity, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant activity in HepG2 cells, alongside in vivo impacts on Sprague-Dawley rats, using MTT, ICP, and HPLC. It aimed to assess the potential health benefits of licorice sprouts by analyzing their protective effects against oxidative stress and their nutritional content. RESULTS Licorice sprout extracts from G. uralensis demonstrated no cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, significantly reduced lipid levels, and enhanced antioxidant activities, with the longest sprouts (7 cm) showing higher mineral, sugar, and arginine content as well as increased glycyrrhizin and liquiritigenin. In vivo studies with Sprague-Dawley rats revealed weight gain and improved antioxidant enzyme activities in blood plasma and liver tissues after consuming the extracts, highlighting the sprouts' dietary and therapeutic potential. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate that G. uralensis sprouts, particularly those 7 cm in length, have no cytotoxic effects, reduce lipids, and have high mineral and antioxidant contents, offering promising dietary and therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sung Park
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
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Terzioğlu ME, Edebali E, Bakirci İ. Investigation of the Elemental Contents, Functional and Nutraceutical Properties of Kefirs Enriched with Spirulina platensis, an Eco-friendly and Alternative Protein Source. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2878-2890. [PMID: 37697135 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of the use of S. platensis, which is presented as an eco-friendly and alternative protein source, in the production of kefir, a probiotic dairy product, on various physicochemical properties as well as FAA, ACE inhibitory activity, proteolysis, TPC, DPPH, ABTS+, and mineral values was investigated. It was observed that the addition of S. platensis at different ratios to the kefir samples had a statistically very significant (p < 0.01) effect on all physicochemical analyses; L. mesenteroides count; all amino acids except isoleucine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid; ACE inhibitory activity, TN, TCAN, TCAN/TN, mM Gly, TPC, DPPH, ABTS+, Na, Mg, K, and Fe. In plain kefir samples, mineral contents were determined by order of K > P > Na > Ca > Mg > Zn >> Fe > Cr > Cr > Mn. Furthermore, a general increase was observed in FAA, ACE inhibitory activity, TPC, DPPH, ABTS+, and mineral values, as well as in the counts of Lactococcus spp. and L. mesenteroides in the samples, depending on the proportion of S. platensis added, compared to plain kefir samples. In this context, it was concluded that the addition of S. platensis to kefir at different rates could meet various components required by the body on a daily basis and result in a nutraceutical product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Emre Terzioğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye.
| | - Ezgi Edebali
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - İhsan Bakirci
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
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Rashid A, Ayub M, Gao X, Khattak SA, Ali L, Li C, Ahmad A, Khan S, Rinklebe J, Ahmad P. Hydrogeochemical characteristics, stable isotopes, positive matrix factorization, source apportionment, and health risk of high fluoride groundwater in semiarid region. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:134023. [PMID: 38492393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to high fluoride (F-) levels in groundwater causes community fluorosis and non-carcinogenic health concerns in local people. This study described occurrence, dental fluorosis, and origin of high F-groundwater using δ2H and δ18O isotopes at semiarid Gilgit, Pakistan. Therefore, groundwater (n = 85) was collected and analyzed for F- concentrations using ion-chromatography. The lowest F- concentration was 0.4 mg/L and the highest 6.8 mg/L. F- enrichment is linked with higher pH, NaHCO3, NaCl, δ18O, Na+, HCO3-, and depleted Ca+2 aquifers. The depleted δ2H and δ18O values indicated precipitation and higher values represented the evaporation effect. Thermodynamic considerations of fluorite minerals showed undersaturation, revealing that other F-bearing minerals viz. biotite and muscovite were essential in F- enrichment in groundwater. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) and principal component analysis multilinear regression (PCAMLR) models were used to determine four-factor solutions for groundwater contamination. The PMF model results were accurate and reliable compared with those of the PCAMLR model, which compiled the overlapping results. Therefore, 28.3% exceeded the WHO permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L F-. Photomicrographs of granite rocks showed enriched F-bearing minerals that trigger F- in groundwater. The community fluorosis index values were recorded at > 0.6, revealing community fluorosis and unsuitability of groundwater for drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rashid
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Botany Hazara University, Mansehra PO 21300 Pakistan
| | - Xubo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Seema Anjum Khattak
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Ali
- National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Chengcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sardar Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, PO 25120, Pakistan
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Wang R, Xu Z, Chen S, Su J, Huang Y, Hu Y. Tradeoffs between pH, dissolved organic carbon, and mineral ions regulate cadmium uptake by Solanum hyperaccumulators in calcareous soil. Environ Res 2024; 248:118393. [PMID: 38309564 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Soil solution pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) influence cadmium (Cd) uptake by hyperaccumulators but their tradeoff in calcareous soils is unclear. This study investigated the mechanisms of Solanum nigrum L. and Solanum alatum Moench in calcareous soil using a combination of concentration gradient experiments (0.6-100 mg Cd kg-1) and soil solution composition analysis. The results showed that the soil solution pH of S. nigrum remained stable despite Cd stress. On average, the soil solution pH of S. alatum was 0.23 units higher than that of S. nigrum, although pH decreased significantly under high Cd stress. In addition, the concentrations of potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) in the soil solution of S. nigrum increased and decreased under low and high levels of Cd stress, respectively. In S. alatum, the K and Ca concentrations in the soil solution generally increased with increasing Cd stress levels. Moreover, the level of DOC in the soil solution of both plants was higher under Cd stress compared to the control, and a gradually increasing trend with Cd stress level was observed in S. alatum. Consequently, the bioconcentration factors of the roots (2.62-19.35) and shoots (1.20-9.59) of both plants were >1, while the translocation factors were <1, showing an obstacle of Solanum hyperaccumulators in transferring Cd into their aboveground parts. Redundancy analysis revealed that the Cd concentration in S. nigrum roots was significantly negatively correlated with the soil solutions of K and Ca. In contrast, Cd concentrations in S. alatum roots and shoots were significantly positively correlated with soil solution DOC, K, and Ca but negatively correlated with pH. Our results suggest that calcareous soil neutralizes the acidity of released protons but does not affect cation exchange, inhibiting DOC in assisting the translocation of Cd within plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jieqiong Su
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yu Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yahu Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Suliburska J, Cholik R, Kocyłowski R, Bakinowska E. Relationship between prepregnancy BMI and the concentrations of iron, calcium, and magnesium in serum and hair during the first trimester of pregnancy in women. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127388. [PMID: 38262193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In women of childbearing age, a low dietary supply of iron, calcium, and magnesium is often observed. Minerals deficiency in pregnant women is often associated with abnormal body weight and may impact fetal development disorders. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the dietary intake of iron, calcium and magnesium and their concentrations in serum and hair in pregnant women. METHOD The study involved 97 Caucasian/white low-risk pregnant women at 12 weeks of gestation. The analysis of minerals in serum and hair samples was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated based on self-reported weight. The study used a validated questionnaire and a 24-h recall nutrition interview, which were analyzed using Aliant software. RESULTS It was found that overweight and obese women exhibited higher magnesium concentration in serum, while iron content in serum and hair was markedly lower compared to women with normal body weight. The average total supply of iron was below the recommendation in pregnant women. Moreover, an inverse significant relationship was observed between BMI and iron concentration in hair and serum in the whole population. CONCLUSION In conclusion, being overweight or obese before pregnancy is associated with low dietary iron intake and low iron concentration in serum and hair during the first trimester of pregnancy in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Science, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Rafsan Cholik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Science, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Rafał Kocyłowski
- PreMediCAre NewMed Medical Centre, ul. Drużbickiego 13, 61-693 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Bakinowska
- Institute of Mathematics, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Singh A, Kumar A, Thakur MS, Khare V, Jain A, Tiwari SP. Genetic analysis of milk minerals in dairy cattle: a review. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:375-381. [PMID: 38286942 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Mineral composition in milk can affect its nutritional as well as physio-chemical properties of milk and is considered an important trait in the evaluation of milk quality. The composition and concentration of milk minerals could be altered with natural source of variation including nutrition and genetics. The effect of diet on milk minerals is well studied. However, genetic effects on the milk minerals have recently gained the attention. This review provides an overview of the genetic variation of milk minerals, and the genomic regions associated with mineral concentration in the milk are also discussed. The difference of milk minerals between breeds and the genetic parameters including heritability estimates and correlation among minerals indicates that milk minerals are under strong genetic control. Recently, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) has explored several regions associated with milk minerals and thus provides a new genetic source for improving the milk quality through genomics-assisted breeding. Hence, a combination of the qualitative and molecular approaches can be exploited to improving the nutritional quality of cattle milk in terms of its mineral composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Singh
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Mohan Singh Thakur
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India
| | - Vaishali Khare
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India
| | - Asit Jain
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India
| | - Sita Prasad Tiwari
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, 482004, M.P., India
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Lehmann C, Schmidt B, Stephan D, Meyer V. Investigation of the interface of fungal mycelium composite building materials by means of low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy. J Microsc 2024; 294:203-214. [PMID: 38511469 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (low-vacuum SEM) is widely used for different applications, such as the investigation of noncoated specimen or the observation of biological materials, which are not stable to high vacuum. In this study, the combination of mineral building materials (concrete or clay plaster) with a biological composite (fungal mycelium composite) by using low-vacuum SEM was investigated. Fungal biotechnology is increasingly gaining prominence in addressing the challenges of sustainability transformation. The construction industry is one of the biggest contributors to the climate crises and, therefore, can highly profit from applications based on regenerative fungal materials. In this work, a fungal mycelium composite is used as alternative to conventional insulating materials like Styrofoam. However, to adapt bio-based products to the construction industry, investigations, optimisations and adaptations to existing solutions are needed. This paper examines the compatibility between fungal mycelium materials with mineral-based materials to demonstrate basic feasibility. For this purpose, fresh and hardened concrete specimens as well as clay plaster samples are combined with growing mycelium from the tinder fungus Fomes fomentarius. The contact zone between the mycelium composite and the mineral building materials is examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The combination of these materials proves to be feasible in general. The use of hardened concrete or clay with living mycelium composite appears to be the favoured variant, as the hyphae can grow into the surface of the building material and thus a layered structure with a stable connection is formed. In order to work with the combination of low-density organic materials and higher-density inorganic materials simultaneously, low-vacuum SEM offers a suitable method to deliver results with reduced effort in preparation while maintaining high capture and magnification quality. Not only are image recordings possible with SE and BSE, but EDX measurements can also be carried out quickly without the influence of a coating. Depending on the signal used, as well as the magnification, image-recording strategies must be adapted. Especially when using SE, an image-integration method was used to reduce the build-up of point charges from the electron beam, which damages the mycelial hyphae. Additionally using different signals during image capture is recommended to confirm acquired information, avoiding misinterpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lehmann
- Department of Building Materials and Construction Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertram Schmidt
- Department of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Stephan
- Department of Building Materials and Construction Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Meyer
- Department of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Chirinos-Peinado D, Castro-Bedriñana J, Ríos-Ríos E, Castro-Chirinos G, Quispe-Poma Y. Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic in Raw Milk Produced in the Vicinity of a Mini Mineral Concentrator in the Central Andes and Health Risk. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2376-2390. [PMID: 37713056 PMCID: PMC10954997 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The bovine milk quality, safety, and security are of great concern mainly due to the dispersion of toxic substances from various anthropogenic activities and poor practices for organophosphates in agriculture use. This study evaluated the potential risk to human health from lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) from the consumption of milk produced in an area of the Central Andes valley near a mini mineral concentrator by estimating the weekly intake (WI), dietary risk quotient (DRC), hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) for the Peruvian population aged 2 to 85 years, in three scenarios of milk consumption by age (minimum, average, and maximum). Toxic element quantification was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry following standardized procedures. The mean amount ± standard deviation of Pb, Cd, and As in soils was 292±60.90, 3.54±1.58, and 5.60±2.20 mg/kg, the order of importance being Pb>As>Cd. The contents of Pb, Cd, and As in pastures were 23.17±10.02, 0.25±0.57, and 0.06±0.09 mg/kg, being from highest to lowest Pb>Cd>As. The means of Pb, Cd, and As content in 19 milk samples were 0.029±0.022, 0.007±0.006, and 0.010±0.004 mg/kg. Pb and Cd exceeded the maximum permissible limits (MPL), and the As was below the MPL. At all ages and milk consumption levels, the WI for Pb and Cd were below the estimated tolerable intake (TWI). The WI for As in < 19 years was higher than the TWI. The DRC for Pb and Cd at all three milk intake levels and all ages was < 1, and for As, it was > 1 in < 19 years, being the risk group. The TQH and HI for Pb and Cd were also > 1, signifying no health risk, and for As, the values were > 1 in < 11 years. Our results are valuable for preventing adverse health impacts from safe and innocuous milk consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Chirinos-Peinado
- Research Center in Food and Nutritional Security, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú
| | - Jorge Castro-Bedriñana
- Research Center in Food and Nutritional Security, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú.
| | - Elva Ríos-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Yubaly Quispe-Poma
- Zootechnical Faculty, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú
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Cupparo I, Fedeli L, Doria S, Moggi Cecchi V, Gori C. Radioprotection issues in uraniferous minerals collections with reference to an actual case. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2024; 200:544-553. [PMID: 38446413 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Our work investigated the radioprotection implications associated with the possession of a collection of uraniferous minerals. Considering different scenarios, we developed (and applied to an actual collection) specific formulas for radiation doses evaluation. We discussed the shielding necessary to reduce the gamma irradiation down to the required values. A mathematical model was developed to estimate the minimum air flow rate to reduce the radon air concentration below the reference values. The radiation risks associated to the handling of single specimens was also addressed, including hand skin irradiation and shielding capabilities of surgical lead gloves. Finally, we discussed the radiation risks associated to the exhibition of a single specimen. The results, compared to the safety standards of the EU Directive 13/59, show that the exhibition of uraniferous samples with activity of a few MBq do not need specific radioprotection requirements nor for the involved personnel nor for visitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cupparo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Giovanni Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Luca Fedeli
- S.O.C. Fisica Sanitaria Prato e Pistoia, Ospedale San Jacopo, Via Ciliegiole 51, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
| | - Sandra Doria
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- European Laboratory For Non Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Vanni Moggi Cecchi
- Museo "La Specola" - Sistema Museale di Ateneo, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Romana 17, 50125, Firenze
| | - Cesare Gori
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Piazza San Marco 4, 50121 Florence, Italy
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Zachos LG, Ziegler A. Selective concentration of iron, titanium, and zirconium substrate minerals within Gregory's diverticulum, an organ unique to derived sand dollars (Echinoidea: Scutelliformes). PeerJ 2024; 12:e17178. [PMID: 38590702 PMCID: PMC11000648 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Gregory's diverticulum, a digestive tract structure unique to a derived group of sand dollars (Echinoidea: Scutelliformes), is filled with sand grains obtained from the substrate the animals inhabit. The simple methods of shining a bright light through a specimen or testing response to a magnet can reveal the presence of a mineral-filled diverticulum. Heavy minerals with a specific gravity of >2.9 g/cm3 are selectively concentrated inside the organ, usually at concentrations one order of magnitude, or more, greater than found in the substrate. Analyses of diverticulum content for thirteen species from nine genera, using optical mineralogy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, as well as micro-computed tomography shows the preference for selection of five major heavy minerals: magnetite (Fe3O4), hematite (Fe2O3), ilmenite (FeTiO3), rutile (TiO2), and zircon (ZrSiO4). Minor amounts of heavy or marginally heavy amphibole, pyroxene and garnet mineral grains may also be incorporated. In general, the animals exhibit a preference for mineral grains with a specific gravity of >4.0 g/cm3, although the choice is opportunistic and the actual mix of mineral species depends on the mineral composition of the substrate. The animals also select for grain size, with mineral grains generally in the range of 50 to 150 μm, and do not appear to alter this preference during ontogeny. A comparison of analytical methods demonstrates that X-ray attenuation measured using micro-computed tomography is a reliable non-destructive method for heavy mineral quantification when supported by associated analyses of mineral grains extracted destructively from specimens or from substrate collected together with the specimens. Commonalities in the electro-chemical surface properties of the ingested minerals suggest that such characteristics play an important role in the selection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis G. Zachos
- Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, United States
| | - Alexander Ziegler
- Bonner Institut für Organismische Biologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany
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Huyop F, Ullah S, Abdul Wahab R, Huda N, Sujana IGA, Saloko S, Andriani AASPR, Antara NS, Gunam IBW. Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Apis cerana honey from Lombok and Bali Islands. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301213. [PMID: 38578814 PMCID: PMC10997079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Limited honey production worldwide leads to higher market prices, thus making it prone to adulteration. Therefore, regular physicochemical analysis is imperative for ensuring authenticity and safety. This study describes the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Apis cerana honey sourced from the islands of Lombok and Bali, showing their unique regional traits. A comparative analysis was conducted on honey samples from Lombok and Bali as well as honey variety from Malaysia. Moisture content was found slightly above 20% in raw honey samples from Lombok and Bali, adhering to the national standard (SNI 8664:2018) of not exceeding 22%. Both honey types displayed pH values within the acceptable range (3.40-6.10), ensuring favorable conditions for long-term storage. However, Lombok honey exhibited higher free acidity (78.5±2.14 meq/kg) than Bali honey (76.0±1.14 meq/kg), surpassing Codex Alimentarius recommendations (≤50 meq/kg). The ash content, reflective of inorganic mineral composition, was notably lower in Lombok (0.21±0.02 g/100) and Bali honey (0.14±0.01 g/100) compared to Tualang honey (1.3±0.02 g/100). Electric conductivity, indicative of mineral content, revealed Lombok and Bali honey with lower but comparable values than Tualang honey. Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) concentrations in Lombok (14.4±0.11 mg/kg) and Bali (17.6±0.25 mg/kg) were slightly elevated compared to Tualang honey (6.4±0.11 mg/kg), suggesting potential processing-related changes. Sugar analysis revealed Lombok honey with the highest sucrose content (2.39±0.01g/100g) and Bali honey with the highest total sugar content (75.21±0.11 g/100g). Both honeys exhibited lower glucose than fructose content, aligning with Codex Alimentarius guidelines. The phenolic content, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were significantly higher in Lombok and Bali honey compared to Tualang honey, suggesting potential health benefits. Further analysis by LC-MS/MS-QTOF targeted analysis identified various flavonoids/flavanols and polyphenolic/phenolic acid compounds in Lombok and Bali honey. The study marks the importance of characterizing the unique composition of honey from different regions, ensuring quality and authenticity in the honey industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahrul Huyop
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biosciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Bioindustry Laboratory, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Saeed Ullah
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biosciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Roswanira Abdul Wahab
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Huda
- Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - I. Gede Arya Sujana
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Bioindustry Laboratory, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Satrijo Saloko
- Faculty of Food Technology and Agro Industry, University of Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia
| | | | - Nyoman Semadi Antara
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Bioindustry Laboratory, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Bioindustry Laboratory, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
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12
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Lim HJ, Lee S, Park W, Park E, Yoo JG. Mineral patterns in hair: A decisive factor between reproducible and repeat breeder dairy cows. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301362. [PMID: 38564515 PMCID: PMC10986949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Reproduction, especially impregnation, is a critical aspect of dairy cow management that directly influences herd milk productivity. We conducted a noninvasive hair mineral assay to compare the mineral profiles of two dairy cow groups: reproducible and repeat breeder, by investigating the levels of 11 essential minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cr, Se, and P) and 6 toxic elements (Hg, Pb, Cd, Al, As, and Ni) in both groups. We also conducted principal component and correlation matrix analyses to compare hair mineral patterns between the groups. Compared to their reproducible counterparts, repeat breeder cows had lower levels of Na, K, and Se. However, Fe, Cd, Al, and As levels were higher in repeat breeders than in their reproducible counterparts. The correlation matrix showed notable correlation patterns for each group. Ca, K, and Na levels were positively correlated in reproducible cows, whereas repeat breeder cows showed positive correlations only between Ca and K levels. Se showed positive correlations with Zn only in the reproducible cow group. Negative correlations were not found in the reproducible group, whereas the repeat breeder group exhibited 7 negative correlations. Despite the limitations of hair mineral analysis, this study provided useful insights into the reproductive potential of dairy cows. These findings aid in easing the prediction of repeat breeder occurrences in herds and are expected to facilitate timely mineral supplementation and other interventions to improve overall herd reproduction in dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Joo Lim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Woncheoul Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eungwoo Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Yoo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do, Republic of Korea
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Roy T, Plante B, Demers I, Benzaazoua M, Isabel D. Multi-year in situ hydrogeochemical monitoring of hard rock lithium mine tailings in a large-scale experimental pile. J Environ Manage 2024; 356:120602. [PMID: 38520855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Spodumene, a lithian mineral found in granitic pegmatites, is a major source of lithium. In situ, multi-year and large-scale (>10s of tons) predictive hydrogeochemical studies can be of great value for informing mine waste rock and tailings management, not least because the material is exposed to the actual climate where it is meant to be stored. However, such studies are rare given their cost and size, and previous ones have focused mainly on sulfide-bearing materials. An experimental field cell filled with spodumene beneficiation tailings was built at the Whabouchi lithium mine site in northern Québec (Canada) and monitored during four consecutive years. In parallel, column laboratory kinetic testing on the same material was conducted for water quality parameters to compare the effect of testing scales on the geochemical behavior. Geochemical results and release rates were overall similar between laboratory and field, and consistent with previously published laboratory results for materials from the same site. The leachates were neutral to slightly alkaline, with ions from feldspars (Ca > Na > K) and residual spodumene (Li) being notable solutes. Concentrations for most solutes surveyed remained higher in the field after four years than in columns at the end of the experiment. One major difference between laboratory and field was a brief (less than 2 years) increase in iron concentrations from the field cell, resulting in Fe-oxyhydroxides precipitation, that was not observed in laboratory. The source of this iron is arguably residual ferrosilicon (used for dense medium separation) and this difference is attributed to the different testing conditions and configurations in the laboratory versus in situ. Field hydrogeological results highlight strong seasonal patterns and the rapid response of this sand-like, sulfide-poor material to ambient temperature changes and wetting-drying events. The tailings both wet and drain rapidly and easily given their water retention curve and the range of matrix suctions recorded during frost-free months. Net infiltration through the tailings was estimated to represent 55% of total precipitation in summer (June-October) 2021. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the environmental behavior of hard rock lithium mine tailings under real, sub-arctic climatic conditions and outlines similarities and differences between laboratory- and field-generated geochemical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomy Roy
- Institut de recherche en mines et en environnement, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada
| | - Benoît Plante
- Institut de recherche en mines et en environnement, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada.
| | - Isabelle Demers
- Institut de recherche en mines et en environnement, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada
| | - Mostafa Benzaazoua
- Institut de recherche en mines et en environnement, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco
| | - Denis Isabel
- Nemaska Lithium, 600 boulevard de Maisonneuve Ouest, suite 750, Montréal, QC, H3A 3J2, Canada
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Sudhakaran SMN, Mathew SE, Shakappa D. Accurate assessment of macronutrients and micro-elements of ten newly developed green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) cultivars grown in Uttar Pradesh, India. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3606-3613. [PMID: 38148709 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green gram is a rich source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fibre, and minerals. However, accurate data on the nutritional composition of green gram remains scarce since most researchers reported the carbohydrate content using the 'by difference method'. The objective of the current study is to accurately estimate the nutritional and mineral composition of green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). RESULTS Ten newly developed varieties and three local varieties of green gram were subjected to proximate and mineral composition analysis. The green gram varieties differed significantly (P < 0.05) for proximate and mineral content. From the results, they contain 62.5 to 84.6 g/kg of moisture, 28.3-37.4 g/kg of ash, 21.9-3.08 g/kg of fat, 484.6-535.7 g/kg of carbohydrate, 228.7-277.6 g/kg of protein, and 118.3-157.9 g/kg of dietary fibre. The most abundant mineral found was phosphorus, ranging 2716.66-4473.49 mg/kg followed by 3183.31-3597.61 mg/kg of potassium, 1506.51-1713.93 mg/kg of magnesium, 166.38-340.62 mg/kg of calcium, 40.16-348.79 mg/kg of iron, 27.60-34.35 mg/kg of zinc, 5.95-12.86 mg/kg of copper and 8.65-19.47 mg/kg of manganese. CONCLUSION The newly developed varieties of green gram showed high protein and dietary fibre content, while the local varieties were high in calcium and iron. Hence, both types of varieties are nutritionally significant. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shreyas Elma Mathew
- Department of Dietetics, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Devindra Shakappa
- Department of Dietetics, ICMR - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
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15
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Saeed A, Kauser S, Hussain A, Siddiqui NJ, Abidi SHI, Syed Q, Nadeem AA. Tracking the Variations in Trace Elements, Some Nutrients, Phenolics, and Anthocyanins in Grewia asiatica L. (Phalsa) at Different Fruit Development Stages. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1784-1801. [PMID: 37464170 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Grewia asiatica L. (phalsa) is a very prevalent berry in Pakistan and is consumed extensively as raw or in the form of juice. Here, for the first time, we assessed phalsa from Pakistan in terms of variations in macro and micro minerals, nutrients, and bio-active phyto-constituents including total phenolic and anthocyanin contents at different fruit developmental stages. It was found that the sugars in phalsa increased from D1 (small at the initial fruit setting stage) to D6 development stage (fully ripened fruit) where sugars at D5 (near to fully ripe) and D6 stages were many times greater than at D1, D2 (unripe close to full-size completion), D3 (close to semi ripe), and D4 stage (semi ripened and full-size attainment). Total acidity of was declined in all developmental stages, where the D1 stage displayed maximum and D6 with the lowest acidity. Ascorbic acid was decreased from D1 to D2 and then increased gradually from D3 to D5 stages. At the D6 stage, again a steep decline in ascorbic acid was observed. The total phenolics (mg gallic acid equivalents/100g) at stage D6 were higher (136.02 ± 1.17), whereas D1 being the lowermost in total phenolic content (79.89 ± 1.72). For anthocyanins (mg/100g), an increasing pattern of changes was observed in all stages of phalsa fruit where the D1 stage showed lower (13.97 ± 4.84) anthocyanin contents which then increased gradually at stage D2 (67.79 ± 6.73), but increased sharply at D3 (199.66 ± 4.90), D4 (211.02 ± 18.85), D5 (328.41 ±14.96) and D6 (532.30 ± 8.51) stages. A total of four anthocyanins such as cyanidin, delphidine-3-glucoside, pelargonidin, and malvidin in phalsa were identified using HPLC procedures, and a significant > 90 % DPPH inhibition in phalsa was observed at the D5 and D6 development stages. The macro and micro minerals including Ni, Zn, Fe, Ca, Cu, Mg, Na, P, and K contents were decreased from initial (D1) stage to the final (D6) development stage, while only Fe displayed an increasing trend from the initial to final fruit development stages (D1-D6). Conclusively, these findings could be of great interest for patients who are intended to consume phalsa as adjuvant therapy against diabetes and metabolic syndromes and other diseases involving reactive oxygen species with minimum metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Saeed
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Punjab, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Kauser
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Punjab, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Adil Hussain
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Punjab, 54600, Pakistan.
| | - Nida Jamil Siddiqui
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Punjab, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hussain Imam Abidi
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR), Head Office, 1 Constitution Avenue, G-5/2, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Quratulain Syed
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Punjab, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Abad Ali Nadeem
- Food and Biotechnology Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Punjab, 54600, Pakistan
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16
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Carvalho Dos Santos WP, Weste Nano RM, de Oliveira FS, Maia LC, de Souza Miranda KE, Campos IAL. Evaluation of the effects of canning variables on the mineral composition of canned cowpeas ( Vigna unguiculata l. Walp) using multi-response analysis. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2024; 30:232-238. [PMID: 36591912 DOI: 10.1177/10820132221146593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of canning variables (cooking time, storage time, volume of vinegar, salt and sugar) on the mineral composition of canned cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) and which conditions provide optimised preservation of the mineral content of the grains. Different formulations of canned cowpeas were produced following two levels factorial experimental design using five variables. A set of 11 different formulations were evaluated using the desirability function with essential minerals (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, P and Zn) as the response. The optimal multi-response conditions for higher mineral retention were: 360 days of storage at 30 ± 5 °C (ST2), 30 ml of vinegar, 9.0 g of NaCl, 18 min of cooking time, and 9.0 g, 19.5 g or 30 g of sugar (the effect of the sugar content at the evaluated range was not significant at 95% confidence level).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fábio Santos de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Brazil
| | - Lucas Costa Maia
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Zor M, Bulut M, Göksu Karagöz S, Çetintaş Y, Alwazeer D. Use of Hydrogen-Rich water in rice milk preparation improves the nutritional and sensory properties of product. Food Chem 2024; 437:137821. [PMID: 37913710 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of using hydrogen-rich water (HRW) in the preparation of rice milk on the nutritional and sensorial properties was evaluated. The physicochemical parameters (pH, Eh7, titratable acidity), sensory properties (color), and minerals (ICP-MS), as well as amino acid (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS), sugar (HPLC-RID), and aroma (SPME-GC/MS) profiles, of four varieties of rice and their milk and waste were examined using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results showed that the profile of minerals, sugars, amino acids, and aroma was affected by the use of HRW. HRW-treated milk showed an increase in some essential minerals (Na, Mg, K, Ca, and Se) in some rice varieties. While HRW application enhanced the levels of desirable aroma compounds in milk but not the undesirable ones. This use of HRW allowed to increase in some essential amino acids (Ile, Leu, and Met) in HRW-treated rice milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Zor
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, School of Tourism and Hotel Management, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, 04000 Ağrı, Turkey.
| | - Menekşe Bulut
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Iğdır University, 76000 Iğdır, Turkey; Research Center for Redox Applications in Foods (RCRAF), Iğdır University, 76000 Igdır, Turkey; Innovative Food Technologies Development, Application and Research Center, Iğdır University, 76000 Igdır, Turkey
| | - Sermin Göksu Karagöz
- Centre for Innovative Technologies Research and Applications (YETEM), Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Yunus Çetintaş
- Food Analysis Application and Research Center, Research Laboratories Center, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey.
| | - Duried Alwazeer
- Research Center for Redox Applications in Foods (RCRAF), Iğdır University, 76000 Igdır, Turkey; Innovative Food Technologies Development, Application and Research Center, Iğdır University, 76000 Igdır, Turkey; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Iğdır University, 76000 Iğdır, Turkey.
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Bouabid N, Srarfi F, Mnasri H, Tagorti MA. Geochemical, mineralogical records, and statistical approaches in establishing sedimentary in the environment of a Mediterranean coastal system: case of Sebkha El-Guettiate (southeastern Tunisia). Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:398. [PMID: 38530475 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The current study was conducted within the context of the Holocene era in Sebkha El-Guettiate, located in southeastern Tunisia. The aim was to determine the factors influencing the geochemical and mineralogical composition of sediments and to elucidate the sedimentary characteristics of the Holocene within the Sebkha core. We examined a sediment core extending 100 cm from this Sebkha, subjecting it to comprehensive analysis to uncover its sedimentological, mineralogical, and geochemical properties. Several techniques were employed to strengthen and validate the connections between geochemical and mineralogical analyses, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, among others. Furthermore, statistical analyses utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to the results of the geochemical and mineralogical studies, aiding in the identification of patterns and relationships. A comprehensive mineralogical assessment of the core's sediments revealed the presence and interpretation of carbonate minerals, evaporite minerals, and detrital minerals. Through the application of infrared (IR) spectrometer techniques to all sediment samples, we gained insight into the mineralogical components and the distribution of key elements such as quartz, kaolinite, calcite, feldspar, and organic carbon. The geochemical composition demonstrated a clear dominance of silica (SiO2), accompanied by fluctuations in carbonate percentages (CaCO3). The prominent major elements, primarily magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) originating from dolomitization, sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) from halite, and calcium (Ca) from gypsum, exhibited varying levels. Results from Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis indicated that the organic matter within the sediments is generally a mixture of terrestrial and aquatic origins. This study provides practical information that underscores the diverse origins contributing to Sebkha sediment formation, often influenced by saline systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najia Bouabid
- Higher Institute of Water Sciences and Techniques of Gabès (ISSTEG), University of Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia.
- Research Laboratory Geo-Systems, Geo-Resources, Geo-Environment (LR3G), Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences of Gabès, University of Gabès, City Campus Erriadh-Zrig, 6072, Gabès, Tunisia.
| | - Feyda Srarfi
- Research Laboratory L3G (LR18ES37), Faculty of Science of Tunis, El Manar University, 1060, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hayet Mnasri
- Higher Institute of Water Sciences and Techniques of Gabès (ISSTEG), University of Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory Geo-Systems, Geo-Resources, Geo-Environment (LR3G), Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences of Gabès, University of Gabès, City Campus Erriadh-Zrig, 6072, Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali Tagorti
- Research Laboratory: Minerals Resources and Environment, Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar (LR01ES06), Tunis, Tunisia
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Habib MA, Akhi SZ, Khan R, Phoungthong K, Basir MS, Anik AH, Islam ARMT, Idris AM. Elevated levels of environmental radioactivity in fluvial sediment: origin and health risk assessment. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2024; 26:555-581. [PMID: 38305448 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
To study the geogenic processes of naturally occurring radioactive materials' (NORMs') distribution, a transboundary Himalayan river (Punarbhaba) is chosen due to its trivial anthropogenic impacts. In explaining the genesis of radionuclides, transition elements (Sc, Ti, V, and Fe), rare-earth-elements (REEs: La, Eu, Ce, Yb, Sm, and Lu), Ta, Hf, Th, and U were analysed in 30 riverbed sediments collected from the Bangladeshi portion of the river. Elemental abundances and NORMs' activity were measured by neutron activation analysis and HPGe-gamma-spectrometry, respectively. Averagen=30 radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra (68.4 Bq kg-1), 232Th (85.7 Bq kg-1), and 40K (918 Bq kg-1) were 2.0-2.3-fold higher, which show elevated results compared to the corresponding world mean values. Additionally, mean-REE abundances were 1.02-1.38-times higher than those of crustal origin. Elevated (relative to earth-crust) ratios of Th/U (=3.95 ± 1.84) and 232Th/40K and statistical demonstrations invoke Th-dominant heavy minerals, indicating the role of kaolinite clay mineral abundance/granitic presence. However, Th/Yb, La/V, Hf/Sc, and Th/Sc ratios reveal the presence of felsic abundances, hydrodynamic sorting, and recycling of sedimentary minerals. Geo-environmental indices demonstrated the enrichment of chemical elements in heavy minerals, whereas radiological indices presented ionizing radiation concerns, e.g., the average absorbed-gamma-dose rate (123.1 nGy h-1) was 2.24-fold higher compared to the threshold value which might cause chronic health impacts depending on the degree of exposure. The mean excess lifetime cancer risk value for carcinogen exposure was 5.29 × 10-4 S v-1, which is ∼2-times greater than the suggested threshold. Therefore, plausible extraction of heavy minerals and using residues as building materials can alleviate the two-reconciling problems: (1) radiological risk management and (2) fluvial navigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ahosan Habib
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sayma Zahan Akhi
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | - Md Samium Basir
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - A R M Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
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van Eijnatten EJM, Roelofs JJM, Camps G, Huppertz T, Lambers TT, Smeets PAM. Gastric coagulation and postprandial amino acid absorption of milk is affected by mineral composition: a randomized crossover trial. Food Funct 2024; 15:3098-3107. [PMID: 38416477 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Background: In vitro studies suggest that casein coagulation of milk is influenced by its mineral composition, and may therefore affect the dynamics of protein digestion, gastric emptying and appearance of amino acids (AA) in the blood, but this remains to be confirmed in vivo. Objective: This study aimed to compare gastrointestinal digestion between two milks with the same total calcium content but different casein mineralization (CM). Design: Fifteen males (age 30.9 ± 13.8 years, BMI 22.5 ± 2.2 kg m-2) participated in this randomized cross-over study with two treatments. Participants underwent gastric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at the baseline and every 10 min up to 90 min after consumption of 600 ml milk with low or high CM. Blood samples were taken at the baseline and up to 5 hours postprandially. Primary outcomes were postprandial plasma AA concentrations and gastric emptying rate. Secondary outcomes were postprandial glucose and insulin levels, gastric coagulation as estimated by image texture metrics, and appetite ratings. Results: Gastric content volume over time was similar for both treatments. However, gastric content image analysis suggested that the liquid fraction emptied quicker in the high CM milk, while the coagulum emptied slower. Relative to high CM, low CM showed earlier appearance of AAs that are more dominant in casein, such as proline (MD 4.18 μmol L-1, 95% CI [2.38-5.98], p < 0.001), while there was no difference in appearance of AAs that are more dominant in whey protein, such as leucine. The image texture metrics homogeneity and busyness differed significantly between treatments (MD 0.007, 95% CI [0.001, 0.012], p = 0.022; MD 0.005, 95% CI [0.001, 0.010], p = 0.012) likely because of a reduced coagulation in the low CM milk. Conclusions: Mineral composition of milk can influence postprandial serum AA kinetics, likely due to differences in coagulation dynamics. The clinical trial registry number is NL8959 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise J M van Eijnatten
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Julia J M Roelofs
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Guido Camps
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Thom Huppertz
- Food Quality and Design group, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- FrieslandCampina, Stationsplein 4, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Tim T Lambers
- FrieslandCampina, Stationsplein 4, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A M Smeets
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Yiblet Y. Nutritional Composition and Antinutritional Factors of Five Wild Edible Fruits Grown in the Mekdela District, South of Wollo, Ethiopia. ScientificWorldJournal 2024; 2024:9980936. [PMID: 38510569 PMCID: PMC10954358 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9980936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the mineral content and nutritional properties of five wild fruits Rhus vulgaris, Rosa abyssinica, Rhus natalensis, Euclea racemosa, and Ficus sur. The proximate composition parameters (moisture, ash, crude fiber, crude fat, and crude protein) and antinutritional factors were evaluated using methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists and elemental analysis using the atomic absorption spectroscopy technique. Among the five wild edible fruit species, Rhus vulgaris had the highest carbohydrate content (83.3 ± 0.28 g/100 g) and a high total energy (344.5 ± 2.21 kcal/100 g). Euclea racemosa was found to have the maximum ash content (12.8 ± 0.37 g/100 g), protein content (3.22 ± 0.01 g/100 g), and moisture (16.24 ± 0.003 g/100 g), respectively. Rhus natalensis showed the highest fiber content (9.54 ± 0.003 g/100 g). Mineral analysis showed that local wild fruits contained a considerable amount of minerals. The calcium concentration ranged from 99.51 mg/100 g in Euclea racemosa to 160.12 mg/100 g in Ficus sur. Potassium concentration varied from 54.34 mg/100 g in Euclea racemosa to 234 mg/100 g in Rhus vulgaris. Iron ranges from 21.4 mg/100 g in Rosa abyssinica to 41 mg/100 g in Rhus natalensis, and zinc ranges from 2.3 mg/100 g in Rhus vulgaris to 4.2 mg/100 g in Ficus sur. A high saponin content (2.12 mg/100 g) and a low tannin content (0.23 mg/100 g) were obtained in Rosa abyssinica. The phytate content (1.52 mg/100 g) and the oxalate content (0.9 mg/100 g) were high in Rhus natalensis. In conclusion, the present study shows that wild fruits can be used as food supplementation in food in a safe area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalew Yiblet
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekdela Amba University, P.O. Box 32, Tuluawlia, Ethiopia
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Aragona F, Cicero N, Nava V, Piccione G, Giannetto C, Fazio F. Blood and hoof biodistibution of some trace element (Lithium, Copper, Zinc, Strontium and, Lead) in horse from two different areas of Sicily. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 82:127378. [PMID: 38171268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Biological monitoring of trace element horses is a well-known tool for investigating potential bioaccumulation in urbanized and industrialized geographical areas. Some biomaterials such as hoof are considered as an important indicator of environmental pollution. Hooves can store trace elements for a long time compared to blood and this represents a scientific key to long-term monitoring of exposure to environmental pollutants. In the present study, samples of equine hoof and blood were taken from an experimental group of horses living in an industrialized area of Sicily (Italy) and from a control group of horses housed in a non-industrialized area of Sicily to evaluate the bioaccumulation of different trace elements in different substrates. METHODS Hoof and blood mineral concentration of Li- Lithium, Cu- Copper, Zn- Zinc, Sr- Strontium and, Pb- Lead was processed by means of Thermo Scientific iCAP-Q ICP-MS spectrometer. Student T-test was applied to evaluate the differences between groups and substrates. Correlation analysis between substrates and hematological parameters was performed. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed a significant statistical difference for Li (p < 0.0001) and Pb (p < 0.0001) between blood and hoof in both groups. A statistically significant difference was observed for Li (p < 0.0001), Cu(p < 0.01), Zn (p < 0.0001) and Pb (p < 0.0001) between substrates in the experimental group. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference of blood Zn (p < 0.01) and hoof Pb (p < 0.01) concentration between groups. Our results revealed a statistically higher concentration of minerals in the blood substrate than in the hoof in both groups. Li (p < 0.0001) and Zn (p < 0.001) were positively correlated between control and experimental group in blood substrate. No correlations were found (P > .05) in hoof between groups for other elements. A positive correlation with WBC was observed in Cu concentration for hoof substrate (p < 0.02) in control group and for Zn in experimental group (p < 0.02). A positive correlation with HGB and HCT was observed for Cu hoof concentration (p < 0.02) in experimental group and PLT resulted positively correlated (p < 0.02) with Pb blood substrate in control group. CONCLUSIONS Horses were not overexposed to these elements in the analyzed groups. The study highlights the role of a new bioaccumulation substrate such as the horse hoof identified as an analytical matrix for the monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nava
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Giannetto
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Yang J, Shin J, Sim Y, Lee S, Kang S, Hlaing HO, Yang JY. Development of biomarkers to distinguish different origins of red seabreams (Pagrus major) from Korea and Japan by fatty acid, amino acid, and mineral profiling. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114044. [PMID: 38395545 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Red seabream (Pagrus major) has been one of the most popular fish in East Asia since early times. However, the discharge of nuclear wastewater into the sea following the Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan has led to violations of the country of origin labeling. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the origin of fish based on fatty acid, amino acid, and mineral analyses, and to develop biomarkers that can discriminate between Japanese and Korean red seabream. To identify the differences between the two groups, 29 fatty acid families, 17 amino acids, and 4 minerals were analyzed in 60 fish samples (standard sample collected in autumn), and fatty acid profiles were analyzed using heatmap with hierarchical clustering analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis. The top 10 fatty acids that were different between the two groups were selected from all seasonal fish samples by combining variable importance in projection scores and p-values. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis results, we proposed percentage linoleic acid (C18:2n-6, cis) as a candidate biomarker with excellent sensitivity and specificity. This study introduces a strategy to identify the origins of red seabream using linoleic acid obtained from fatty acid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Yang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Shin
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Yikang Sim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Sora Lee
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Seokwon Kang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Hnin Oo Hlaing
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Yang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea.
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24
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Wang Z, Guo H, Adimalla N, Pei J, Zhang Z, Liu H. Co-occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater of Guide basin in China: Genesis, mobility and enrichment mechanism. Environ Res 2024; 244:117920. [PMID: 38109955 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Endemic arsenic poisoning and fluorosis caused by primary high arsenic (As) and high fluoride (F-) groundwater have become one of the most serious environmental geological problems faced by the international society. High As and high F- groundwater exists in Neogene confined aquifers in Guide basin, with concentrations of 355 μg/L and 5.67 mg/L, respectively, and showing a co-occurrence phenomenon of As and F- in the groundwater. This poses a double threat to the health of tens of thousands of local residents. In this study, based on the systematic collection of groundwater and borehole sediment samples, analysis of hydrochemistry and isotope indexes, combined with laboratory tests, purpose of this study is to reveal the migration rule and co-enrichment mechanism of As and F- in aquifers, and finally establish a hydrogeochemical conceptual model of the enrichment process of As and F-. The main conclusions are as follows: hydrochemical type of unconfined and confined groundwater in Guide basin is Ca-Na-HCO3 and Na-Cl-HCO3 type, respectively. Main minerals in sediments are quartz and plagioclase. Concentrations of As and F- are lower in unconfined groundwater, but higher in confined groundwater, and which show a gradual increasing trend along the groundwater flow path. The mineralization of natural organic matter in confined aquifer causes iron and manganese oxide minerals containing As to dissolve gradually, which leads to the gradual release of As into groundwater. Large amount of HCO3- produced by mineralization of organic matter precipitate with Ca2+ in groundwater, resulting in reduction of Ca2+ content, promoting the dissolution of fluoride-containing minerals such as fluorite (CaF2), and continuously releasing F- into groundwater. Meanwhile, competitive adsorption reactions in confined aquifers causes more As and F- to be released from mineral surface into groundwater, which gradually migrate and accumulate along groundwater flow. Finally, it is established that a conceptual model for the formation of high As and F- groundwater in the confined aquifer of Guide basin. The research results not only help to improve our understanding of the formation and evolution of groundwater with high As and F- with similar geological background, but also provide scientific basis for rational development and utilization of groundwater, and prevention and control of chronic As and F- poisoning in local and similar areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330032, China
| | - Huaming Guo
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Narsimha Adimalla
- School of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330032, China
| | - Junling Pei
- School of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330032, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330032, China
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25
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Aldekheel M, Tohidi R, Al-Hemoud A, Alkudari F, Verma V, Subramanian PSG, Sioutas C. Identifying urban emission sources and their contribution to the oxidative potential of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) in Kuwait. Environ Pollut 2024; 343:123165. [PMID: 38103716 PMCID: PMC10923010 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the seasonal variations, chemical composition, sources, and oxidative potential of ambient PM2.5 (particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm) in Kuwait City. The sampling campaign was conducted within the premises of Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research from June 2022 to May 2023, covering different seasons throughout the year. The personal cascade impactor sampler (PCIS) operated at flow rate of 9 L/min was employed to collect weekly PM2.5 samples on PTFE and quarts filters. These collected samples were analyzed for carbonaceous species (i.e., elemental and organic carbon), metals and transition elements, inorganic ions, and DTT (dithiothreitol) redox activity. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) and multi-linear regression (MLR) were used to identify the predominant emission sources and their percentage contribution to the redox activity of PM2.5 in Kuwait. The results of this study highlighted that the annual-averaged ambient PM2.5 mass concentrations in Kuwait (59.9 μg/m3) substantially exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 10 μg/m3. Additionally, the summer season displayed the highest PM2.5 mass concentration (75.2 μg/m3) compared to other seasons, primarily due to frequent dust events exacerbated by high-speed winds. The PCA identified four primary PM2.5 sources: mineral dust, fossil fuel combustion, road traffic, and secondary aerosols. The mineral dust was found to be the predominant source, contributing 36.1% to the PM2.5 mass, followed by fossil fuel combustion and traffic emissions with contributions of 23.7% and 20.3%, respectively. The findings of MLR revealed that road traffic was the most significant contributor to PM2.5 oxidative potential, accounting for 47% of the total DTT activity. In conclusion, this comprehensive investigation provides essential insights into the sources and health implications of PM2.5 in Kuwait, underscoring the critical need for effective air quality management strategies to mitigate the impacts of particulate pollution in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aldekheel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA; Department of Civil Engineering, Kuwait University, P.O Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait
| | - Ramin Tohidi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Ali Al-Hemoud
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Fahad Alkudari
- Public Administration of Experts, Ministry of Justice, P.O. Box 6, Safat, 12008, Kuwait
| | - Vishal Verma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - P S Ganesh Subramanian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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26
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Sallam AM, Faheim AA, El-Elshafiey ZA, Azeem MMA, El Feky MG, Hanfi MY. Environmental and mineralogical studies on the stream sediments of Baltim-El Burullus coastal plain, North Delta, Egypt. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3776. [PMID: 38355647 PMCID: PMC10866958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This work is mainly concerned with the effect of anthropogenic activities and natural radioactivity due to the presence of highly radioactive black sand spots, factory construction, and shipping, in addition to other activities like agriculture on human beings. Forty samples were collected along Baltim-El Burullus coastal plain to detect the effect of these problems and determine the suggested solutions. The black sand of the Baltim-El Burullus coastal plain exhibits a considerable amount of economically heavy minerals, their ratio relative to the bulk composition in the investigated samples ranges from 3.18 to 10.5% with an average of 5.45%. The most important of them are magnetite, ilmenite, rutile, leucoxene, garnet, zircon and monazite. The existence of some radioactive-bearing accessory mineral deposits like zircon and monazite led to measuring the naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K to evaluate the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). The results showed that these concentrations are 19.1 ± 9.73, 14.7 ± 9.53 and 211 ± 71.34 Bq kg-1 were lower than the corresponding reported worldwide average of 35, 45, and 412 Bq kg-1 for each radionuclide (226Ra, 232Th, and 40 K). The gamma hazard indices such as absorbed dose rate (Dair), the annual effective dose (AED), and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) factor were computed in the investigated sediments and all the results were found (Dair = 26.4 nGy h-1, AED = 0.03 mSv year-1, ELCR = 0.0001) to be lower than the values suggested by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the effect of Atomic Research (59 nGy h-1, 0.07 mSv year-1 and 0.0029 for Dair, AED and ELCR, respectively). The study suggests that the black sand is safe to use in various infrastructure applications at Baltim-El Burullus coastal plain. The levels of radioactivity are not high enough to pose a risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Sallam
- Nuclear Power Plants Authority, 4 El Nasr Avenue, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - A A Faheim
- Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Z A El-Elshafiey
- Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, P.O. Box 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M M Abdel Azeem
- Nuclear Materials Authority, El Maadi, P.O. Box 530, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - M G El Feky
- Nuclear Materials Authority, El Maadi, P.O. Box 530, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Y Hanfi
- Nuclear Power Plants Authority, 4 El Nasr Avenue, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
- Ural Federal University, Mira Street 19, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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27
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Zhao Z, Yang H, Wang Z, Ai Z, Yang R, Wang Z, Wang T, Fu K, Zhang Y. Metabolomics analysis of the yolk of Zhijin white goose during the embryogenesis based on LC-MS/MS. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297429. [PMID: 38335168 PMCID: PMC10857567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The egg yolk of the goose is rich in lipids, proteins and minerals, which is the main source of nutrition during the goose embryogenesis. Actually, the magnitude and variety of nutrients in yolk are dynamically changed to satisfy the nutritional requirements of different growth and development periods. The yolk sac membrane (YSM) plays a role in metabolizing and absorbing nutrients from the yolk, which are then consumed by the embryo or extra-fetal tissues. Therefore, identification of metabolites in egg yolk can help to reveal nutrient requirement in goose embryo. In this research, to explore the metabolite changes in egg yolk at embryonic day (E) 7, E12, E18, E23, and E28, we performed the assay using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The findings showed that E7 and E12, E23 and E28 were grouped together, while E18 was significantly separated from other groups, indicating the changes of egg yolk development and metabolism. In total, 1472 metabolites were identified in the egg yolk of Zhijin white goose, and 636 differential metabolites (DMs) were screened, among which 264 were upregulated and 372 were downregulated. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the DMs were enriched in the biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids, digestion and absorption of protein, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phosphotransferase system (PTS), mineral absorption, cholesterol metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism. Our study may provide new ideas for improving prehatch embryonic health and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Bijie City Animal Husbandry Station, Bijie, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaobi Ai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runqian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiansong Wang
- Agricultural College, Tongren Polytechnic College, Tongren, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaibin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Zotina TA, Sukhorukov VV, Zhyzhaev AM, Alexandrova YV, Karpov AD, Melgunov MS, Miroshnichenko LV. Particulate matter from water moss of a large Siberian river: Morphometric, mineral, elemental and radionuclide composition. J Environ Radioact 2024; 272:107354. [PMID: 38086286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter trapped by tufts of water moss Fontinalis antipyretica inhabiting fast flowing waters of the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia) contaminated with artificial radionuclides has been studied as a potential monitor of radioactive releases to the river. Particulate matter, which was removed from wet tufts of water moss of the Yenisei by rinsing them in water, constituted at least 38% of bulk dry weight of the moss biomass sample and was similar in the contents of chemical elements, minerals, organic matter, and artificial radionuclides to bottom sediments of the Yenisei. Considerable bulk percentages of artificial radionuclides in the sample of water moss, 77% of 137Cs, 44% of 60Co, 41% of 152Eu, 55% of 154Eu, 66% of 241Am, and 34-36% of plutonium were associated with extracellular particles. The comparative study and correlation analysis suggested that 137Cs was mainly associated with mineral particles trapped by moss and that organic matter was responsible for binding plutonium in samples of water moss. Consequently, analysis of extracellular particles of water moss can provide data on contents and speciation of radionuclides transported by water current. Although a considerably high proportion of particulate matter had been washed out from tufts of water moss, some extracellular mineral particulate material and a large number of epiphytic diatoms remained attached to leaves of water moss. Our study proves that particulate matter trapped by water moss can be used as an informative monitor to trace radioactive pollutants transported by water current in running waters deficient in bottom sediments and potential biomonitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Zotina
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia; Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny av., Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia.
| | - Vladislav V Sukhorukov
- Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny av., Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia.
| | - Anatoly M Zhyzhaev
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/24 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - Yuliyana V Alexandrova
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center" of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - Anton D Karpov
- All-Russian Research Institute for Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, 15 Institutskaya str., Pushkino, 141202, Russia.
| | - Mikhail S Melgunov
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Academician Koptyug av., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Leonid V Miroshnichenko
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Academician Koptyug av., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Zhang A, Wilson D, Ptacek CJ, Blowes DW. Reactive transport modelling of tailings hydrogeochemistry under a composite cover. J Contam Hydrol 2024; 261:104290. [PMID: 38176293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2023.104290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative forecasts of acid mine drainage (AMD) production are important for remediation planning. Reactive transport simulations corresponding to a detailed sampling location at a covered legacy tailings impoundment in northern Ontario, Canada, were conducted to quantitatively assess the predominant hydrogeochemical reactions. The simulations span the period from the end of tailings deposition (circa 1970) to early 2020, 12 years after remediation by a five-layer composite cover. The conceptual model of uncovered tailings weathering and subsequent geochemistry of the covered tailings system was implemented in 1D using the multi-component reactive transport code MIN3P. Transient monthly infiltration, post-cover boundary condition changes, and a dynamic temperature regime were incorporated. The shrinking core model, including parallel O2(aq) and Fe3+ oxidation reactions for the waste rock in the cover and the underlying tailings, was implemented to simulate the oxidation of As-bearing pyrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite. Primary carbonate and aluminosilicate host minerals promoted acid-neutralization reactions. Precipitation of secondary phases and sorption/desorption of Cu, Zn, and arsenite were incorporated into the model. The overall agreement between key simulated and field-measured post-cover aqueous geochemical parameters suggests that the conceptual model captured the primary hydrogeochemical processes in the covered tailings. A lack of reliable data on initial tailings mineralogy and pre-cover hydrogeochemistry increased simulation uncertainty. Simulated reaction rates indicate that where intact, the cover decreased sulfide oxidation rates by both O2(aq) and Fe3+ and improved pore-water quality over time. Simulation results indicate that elevated concentrations of Zn and As are likely to persist in the tailings regardless of cover performance, whereas concentrations of Cu and Al are the parameters most sensitive to cover effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aria Zhang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| | - David Wilson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Carol J Ptacek
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - David W Blowes
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Ma ZH, Gao MH, Cheng HT, Song WW, Lu LJ, Lyu WY. Differences in rice component distribution across layers and their relationship with taste. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:1824-1832. [PMID: 37884460 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice taste is closely associated with endosperm composition, which varies among different rice layers. Although clarifying the relationship between this difference and nutritional taste can guide rice breeding and cultivation practices, research on this topic is limited. RESULTS Here, typical rice varieties having excellent and poor taste characteristics were selected to analyze the distribution characteristics and differences of their components. The varieties with excellent taste exhibited lower apparent amylose content (AAC) and protein content (PC), lesser short-chain (Fa) and long-chain (Fb3 ) amylopectin (AP) and more medium-chain (Fb1+2 ) AP, higher long-to-short chain ratio (Fa:Fb3 ), and higher nitrogen (N), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) content in layer 1 (L1) than the varieties with poor taste. Layer 2 (L2) played a key role in AAC and PC regulation in the varieties with excellent taste by reducing AAC and appropriately increasing PC, consequently improving rice taste. AP structure in layer 3 (L3) substantially affected the taste of the two types of varieties. The mineral content was the highest in L1, and increased potassium (K), Ca, and Mg content improved taste in all varieties. CONCLUSION AAC in each layer contributes to rice taste. PC and minerals primarily act on L1 and L2, whereas AP acts on L2 and L3. Therefore, the endosperm formation process should be exploited for improving rice taste. Furthermore, key resources and cultivation should be identified and regulated, respectively, to improve rice taste. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Hui Ma
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Hui Gao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Cheng
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen-Wen Song
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lian-Ji Lu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen-Yan Lyu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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31
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Sizova EA, Miroshnikov SA, Notova SV, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV. Serum Mineral Levels in Dairy Cows Transiting from Feedlot to Pasture. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:504-512. [PMID: 37183220 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate trace element and minerals levels in the serum of cows transiting from diets consumed in feedlot or under grazing. A total of 30 healthy 5-6 years old cows of the Red Steppe breed were involved in the study. Blood samples were collected at the end of the feedlot period (end of April) and during the pasture period (end of June). Serum essential trace element and mineral levels were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The obtained data demonstrate that serum K levels in cows during the feedlot period exceeded those in the pasture period by 50%, whereas serum P values in the pasture period were significantly higher than in the feedlot period by 20%. Serum Li levels in cows during the feedlot feeding period were nearly 3-fold higher than the respective values in a pasture period. In addition, serum B, Sr, and Zn concentrations in cows during a pasture period exceeded those observed upon feedlot feeding by 38%, 40%, and 13%, respectively. In contrast, serum I and V levels in a feedlot period were 32% and 77% higher when compared to the respective values in a pasture period. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that Cr, Cu, I, Na, and V are positively associated with feedlot feeding. At the same time, serum Zn and to a lesser extent Sr values were directly associated with the pasture period. Therefore, the results of the present study demonstrated that feedlot and pasture rations have a significant impact on trace element and mineral metabolism in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Sizova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Sergey A Miroshnikov
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Notova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia.
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia.
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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32
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Mei A, Wu X, Zeng Y, Zhu G, Zhao D, Zhang Y. Formation processes of groundwater in a non-ferrous metal mining city of China: Insights from hydrochemical and strontium isotope analyses. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:15716-15732. [PMID: 38305969 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Tongling is a significant non-ferrous metal mining city in China, which produces waste that negatively impacts the area's water environment. It is essential to comprehend the hydrochemical properties and formation processes of groundwater to safeguard and utilize it efficiently. We explored major ions, strontium, and its isotopes in water and river-bottom samples from the northern (i.e., A-A' section) and southern (i.e., B-B' section) areas. The hydrochemical facies show the mining activities have a greater impact on surface water than on groundwater. Groundwater hydrochemical formation results from several factors, with water-rock interaction and ion exchange being primary. Additionally, the dissolution of calcite, dolomite, and feldspar, oxidation of pyrite, and hydrolysis of carbonate minerals also impact the formation of groundwater chemistry. Our analysis of strontium and its isotopes indicates that carbonate dissolution primarily occurred in the recharge area; the runoff from the recharge to the discharge area results in the dissolution of certain silicate rocks; calcite dissolution sources account for > 70% contribution in both surface water and groundwater water-rock interactions, whereas silicate rock dissolution sources and dolomite dissolution sources account for < 30%. Due to changed order of dissolved carbonate and silicate minerals during groundwater flow, the distribution of strontium and its isotopes in the A-A' section is opposite to that in the B-B' section. The findings provide a basis for developing, utilizing, managing, and protecting groundwater resources, especially in similar mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoshuang Mei
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiong Wu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yifan Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
- Inner Mongolia Research Institute, University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Ordos, 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ge Zhu
- Department of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100011, China
| | - Di Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuzhe Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
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33
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Stinson LF, George A, Gridneva Z, Jin X, Lai CT, Geddes DT. Effects of Different Thawing and Warming Processes on Human Milk Composition. J Nutr 2024; 154:314-324. [PMID: 38042352 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of human milk is influenced by storage and processing practices. The effects of thawing and warming practices on human milk composition remain poorly studied despite their prevalence in home, research, and donor milk bank settings. This review comprehensively examines the impact of different thawing and warming methods on nutritional and bioactive human milk components. While some components such as carbohydrates and minerals remain stable under most typical thawing and warming conditions, others, such as fat, immune proteins, bacterial and human cells, and peptide amine hormones, are sensitive to warming. This review has identified that the data on the effects of milk thawing and warming is limited and often contradictory. Given that numerous important components of milk are diminished during cold storage, it is important that thawing and warming practices do not lead to further loss of or alterations to beneficial milk components. Further work in this field will facilitate greater standardization of thawing methods among researchers and underpin recommendations for thawing and warming of expressed milk for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - Alexandra George
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zoya Gridneva
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Xuehua Jin
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Ching Tat Lai
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Donna T Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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34
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Han H, Li B, Yang L, Yang Y, Wang Z, Mu X, Zhang B. Construction and application of a composite model for acid mine drainage quality evaluation based on analytic hierarchy process, factor analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation: Guizhou Province, China, as a case. Water Environ Res 2024; 96:e10986. [PMID: 38299723 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The process of mining activities often causes the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD). Through rock fractures and underground rivers, AMD can easily enter the groundwater environment near mines and cause serious pollution to water quality. In order to effectively evaluate the quality of polluted mine water and to understand its threat to the ecosystem around the mine. In this study, four AMD pollution distribution areas, Guiyang City, Bijie City, Qianxinan Prefecture, and Qiandongnan Prefecture in Guizhou Province, were used as the study area. A composite model for mine water quality evaluation was constructed using factor analysis (FA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE). Furthermore, by introducing the weighted average method and the level characteristic value (J), the water quality type and the water body environmental quality were evaluated comprehensively, respectively. Compared with the traditional evaluation model, the AHP-FA-FCE model has obvious advantages in the selection of evaluation indicators, the determination of indicator weights, and the comprehensive evaluation of water quality types, and the evaluation results obtained are more reasonable and accurate. Three common factors mainly controlled by mineral oxidation factor, human activity factor, and mineral dissolution factor were extracted by dimension reduction of the original hydrochemical data by FA. The water quality of the mine water samples was evaluated using SO4 2- , Fe, Al, Mn, Na, and F- as evaluation indicators, and the results showed that the mine water samples in the study area as a whole were dominated by class V water, which accounted for 77.78% of the total. Based on the statistical analysis of the original data, it was found that influenced by the water-rock interactions in the study area and the AMD pollution components, the hydrochemical type of the mine water is mainly SO4 2- -Ca-Mg type. The water body environmental quality of mine water in four areas, Guiyang City, Qianxinan Prefecture, Bijie City, and Qiandongnan Prefecture, is from excellent to poor. The average level characteristic value of all the areas is more than 3, and the overall environmental quality of the water body is poor. The strong water-rock interaction and mining activities in the study area may be the main cause of AMD pollution. The results of this study may provide some theoretical reference for the water quality evaluation of AMD-polluted areas. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A composite model for mine water quality evaluation was constructed. A factor analysis-based evaluation indicator selection method is proposed. This study improved the weighting process of the traditional fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. A water quality discriminant based on the weighted average method is proposed. The water environmental quality of various types of mine water was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Han
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiwei Mu
- Guizhou Coalfield Geology Bureau, Geological Engineering Survey Institution, Guiyang, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Guizhou Civil Engineering Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
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35
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Morsi AH, Massa GD, Morrow RC, Wheeler RM, Elsysy MA, Mitchell CA. Leaf yield and mineral content of mizuna in response to cut-and-come-again harvest, substrate particle size, and fertilizer formulation in a simulated spaceflight environment. Life Sci Space Res (Amst) 2024; 40:106-114. [PMID: 38245335 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The Veggie plant-growth unit deployed onboard the International Space Station (ISS) grows leafy vegetables to supplement crew diets. "Cut-and-come-again" harvests are tested to maximize vegetative yield while minimizing crew time. Water, oxygen, and fertilizer delivery to roots of leafy greens growing in microgravity have become the center of attention for Veggie. Current Veggie technology wicks water into particulate root substrates incorporating controlled-release fertilizer (CRF). Mizuna mustard (Brassica rapa) was grown under ISS-like environments in ground-based Veggie-analogue units comparing crop response to combinations of two different substrate particle sizes, two different fertilizer formulations, and three leaf-harvest times from each plant. Fine-particle porous ceramic substrate (Profile©) was compared with a 40:60 mix of fine-particle porous ceramic Profile© + coarse porous ceramic Turface© substrate. Identical 18-6-8 (NPK) CRF formulations consisting of [50% fast-release (T70) + 50% intermediate-release (T100) prills] vs. [50% fast-release (T70) + 50% slow-release (T180) prills] were incorporated into each substrate, and leaf tissues were harvested from each treatment combination at 28, 48, and 56 days after sowing. The combination of T100 CRF in 100% Profile© substrate gave the highest fresh mass (FM) and leaf area (LA) across harvests, whereas T180 CRF in 40% Profile© gave the lowest. Dry-mass (DM) yields varied with effects on leaf area. Tissue nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) specific contents declined across harvests for all treatment combinations but tended to be highest for T100 CRF/100% Profile©, and lowest for T180 CRF/40% Profile©. These major macronutrients were taken up faster by roots growing in small particle-size substrate incorporating intermediate-rate CRF, but also were depleted faster from the same treatment combination, suggesting it may not continue to be the best combination for additional harvests. Micronutrients did not decline in tissue specific content across treatment combinations, but manganese (Mn) accumulated in leaf tissue across treatments and apparently comes mainly from the ceramic substrate, regardless of particle size. Substrate leachate analysis following final harvest indicated that pH remained in the range for nominal availability of mineral nutrients for root uptake, but electro-conductivity measurements suggested depletion of fertilizer salts from root zones, especially from the treatment combination supporting the highest yields and major macronutrient contents. Although 100% Profile© was the better growth substrate for mizuna in combination with intermediate-rate CRF and three cut-and-come-again harvests in ground-based studies, mixed-particle-size substrates may be a better choice for plant growth under microgravity conditions, where capillary forces predominant and tend to cause saturation of a fine medium with water. Since there were no statistically significant interactions between substrate and fertilizer in this study, our ground-based findings for CRF choice should translate to the best substrate choice for microgravity, but if NASA wants to consider additional cut-and-come-again harvests from the same mizuna plants, more complex CRF formulations likely will have to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa H Morsi
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, United States
| | - Gioia D Massa
- Exploration Research and Technology, Mail Code UB-A, NASA Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, United States
| | | | - Raymond M Wheeler
- Exploration Research and Technology, Mail Code UB-A, NASA Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, United States
| | - Mokhles A Elsysy
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue ST, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States; Department of Pomology, College of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Cary A Mitchell
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, United States.
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Hernández JM, de la Fournière EM, Ramos CP, Debray ME, Plá RR, Jasan RC, Invernizzi R, Brizuela LGR, Cañas MS. Contribution of Mine-Derived Airborne Particulate Matter to Ca, Fe, Mn and S Content and Distribution in the Lichen Punctelia hypoleucites Transplanted to Bajo de la Alumbrera Mine, Catamarca (Argentina). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2024; 86:140-151. [PMID: 38324021 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-024-01053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to relate the contribution of mine-derived airborne particulate matter to Ca, Fe, Mn and S content and distribution in Punctelia hypoleucites transplanted to Bajo de la Alumbrera, an important open-pit mine in Catamarca, Argentina. Lichen samples were transplanted to four monitoring sites: two sites inside the mine perimeter and two sites outside the mine. After three months, elemental distribution in samples was analyzed by microparticle-induced X-ray emission (microPIXE), and elemental concentration was determined by specific techniques: Ca and Fe by instrumental neutron activation analysis, Mn by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and S by a turbidimetric method. A differential distribution of S and Ca in thalli transplanted in-mine sites was detected compared to that of samples transplanted outside-mine sites. An overlap of Fe and S in the upper cortex of the apothecium section was observed, leading to infer a mineral association of both elements. Similar association was observed for Ca and S. In addition to these results, the significantly higher concentration detected for S and Mn in in-mine site samples suggests a contribution of Fe, S, Ca and Mn of mining origin to the content and distribution of these elements in P. hypoleucites. MicroPIXE complemented with Mössbauer spectroscopy analysis determined the presence of pyrite particles together with other iron-bearing minerals displaying different degrees of oxidation. These results point to a mining origin of the airborne particulate matter trapped by the lichen thalli transplanted to Bajo de la Alumbrera. These findings indicate that P. Hypoleucites acts as an excellent air quality biomonitor in the Bajo de la Alumbrera mine area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Martín Hernández
- Facultad de Tecnología y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (UNCA); Centro Regional de Energía y Ambiente para el Desarrollo Sustentable - CREAS (CONICET-UNCA), Maximio Victoria 55, 4700, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina.
| | - Emmanuel Marie de la Fournière
- Gerencia Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral.Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cinthia Paula Ramos
- Gerencia Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral.Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA - CONICET), Nodo Constituyentes, Av. Gral.Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario Ernesto Debray
- Gerencia Investigación y Aplicaciones, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Gral.Paz 1499, 1650, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rita Rosa Plá
- Departamento Química Nuclear, GAANS, Centro Atómico Ezeiza, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Presbítero Juan González y Aragón Nº 15, B1802AYA, Buenos Aires, Partido de Ezeiza, Argentina
| | - Raquel Clara Jasan
- Departamento Química Nuclear, GAANS, Centro Atómico Ezeiza, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Presbítero Juan González y Aragón Nº 15, B1802AYA, Buenos Aires, Partido de Ezeiza, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Invernizzi
- Departamento Química Nuclear, GAANS, Centro Atómico Ezeiza, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Presbítero Juan González y Aragón Nº 15, B1802AYA, Buenos Aires, Partido de Ezeiza, Argentina
| | - Luis Germán Rodríguez Brizuela
- Laboratorio de Control Químico de Procesos, Facultad de Tecnología y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Maximio Victoria 55, 4700, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Argentina
| | - Martha Susana Cañas
- Facultad de Tecnología y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (UNCA); Centro Regional de Energía y Ambiente para el Desarrollo Sustentable - CREAS (CONICET-UNCA), Maximio Victoria 55, 4700, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
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Krishna B, Achari VS. Groundwater for drinking and industrial purposes: A study of water stability and human health risk assessment from black sand mineral rich coastal region of Kerala, India. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119783. [PMID: 38113784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Tempero-spatial analysis of groundwater to disseminate the level of drinking water quality and industrial suitability to meet the developmental requirement of a region is a significant area of research. Accordingly, groundwater quality and geochemical interactions prevailed in a black sand mineral rich coastal village is systematically presented in appraisal of drinking and industrial uses for economic engineering purposes. The study area focused is Alappad village, Kollam, Kerala, India has numerous ecological features in a sustainable perspective. The region is unique with placer deposits where an alluvial soil aquifer-saline water-freshwater interaction occurs. This dynamics decides the pertinent hydro geochemistry, potable and designated uses of ground water in season wise. Coastal area is hereby presented based on water quality parameters predicted with the health risk assessment model with a view on human health and cancer risk due to ions (Pb, Ni, Cu, Ba, Fe, Al, Mn, Zn) in groundwater.. To ascertain industrial usage, ground water is evaluated by Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar stability index (RSI), Aggressive index (AI), Larson-Skold index (LS) and Puckorius scaling index (PSI) and inferences are complemented. Chemical weathering and evaporation processes are the natural factors controlling hydrochemistry of this aquifer. This complex coastal system has Nemerow pollution index (NPI) of moderate pollution for total dissolved ions of Fe and lesser for Cu, and Cr present in groundwater. LSI indicates, water is scale forming but non corrosive (46% in PRM, 20% in MON and 47% in POM). Water quality index (WQI) in POM (ranged 28.7-79.9) was excellent for drinking, followed by PRM (23.6-218.2) and MON (33.4-202.7) seasons. This groundwater bears temporary hardness with the dominance of Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type. Health risk assessment of non-carcinogenic risk index of trace metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, and Pb) revealed, children are at 'low risk' and 'medium' risk with Ni and Cu. The carcinogenic risk index indicated 93% of samples were high Ni induced cancer risk for children, and 87% for adults due to long term ingestion (drinking water intake) pathway. Studies specific on placer mineral deposited coastal region of India are not sufficiently reported with a focus on the above perspectives. Growing need of rare earths for material, device and energy applications, placer mineral explorations can destabilise the coastal hydrosphere. Interrelations of mineral soil - water chemistry prevailed and health hazard predicted would kindle a set of sustainable deliberations. This study summarises the drinking and industrial use of coastal groundwater for future development and human well-being on the basis of quality criteria, corrosion proneness, water stability and health risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurali Krishna
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682 022, Kerala, India
| | - V Sivanandan Achari
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682 022, Kerala, India.
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Ji C, Zhu Y, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Nie Y, Zhang H, Zhang H, Wang S, Zhou J, Zhao H, Liu X. Arsenic species in soil profiles from chemical weapons (CWs) burial sites of China: Contamination characteristics, degradation process and migration mechanism. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140938. [PMID: 38101484 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, soil profiles and pore water from Japanese abandoned arsenic-containing chemical weapons (CWs) burial sites in Dunhua, China were analyzed to understand the distribution of arsenic (As) contamination, degradation, and migration processes. Results of As species analysis showed that the As-containing agents underwent degradation with an average rate of 87.55 ± 0.13%, producing inorganic pentavalent arsenic (As5+) and organic arsenic such as 2-chlorovinylarsonic acid (CVAOA), triphenylarsenic (TPA), and phenylarsine oxide (PAO). Organic arsenic pollutants accounted for 1.27-18.20% of soil As. In the vertical profiles, total As concentrations peaked at about 40-60 cm burial depth, and the surface agricultural soil exhibited moderate to heavy contamination level, whereas the contamination level was insignificant below 1 m, reflecting As migration was relatively limited throughout the soil profile. Sequential extraction showed Fe/Al-bound As was the predominant fraction, and poorly-crystalline Fe minerals adsorbed 33.23-73.13% of soil As. Oxygen-susceptible surface soil formed poorly-crystalline Fe3+ minerals, greatly reducing downward migration of arsenic. However, the reduction of oxidizing conditions below 2 m soil depth may promote As activity and require attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yongbing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Sanping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yaguang Nie
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Hongjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
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Escudero L, Ojanguren AF, Álvarez R, García C, Pañeda J, Alberquilla F, Ordóñez A. Assessment of hydrological, geological, and biological parameters of a river basin impacted by old Hg mining in NW Spain. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:11081-11095. [PMID: 38217815 PMCID: PMC10850224 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that can cause adverse effects for the health of ecosystems. The Caudal River is one of the main rivers in the Asturias region (NW Spain), whose basin is highly anthropized, hosting several Hg mines, closed in the last century. Arsenic (As) is also found in the mineral paragenesis of the Hg deposits, posing a greater environmental risk. In the mining sites, remaining old facilities and tailings continue to release these elements into the environment. In this work, samples of fluvial sediments and water were taken, both in areas affected by anthropic activity and in pristine areas, in order to establish the background levels for the critical elements. The mineralogical study of the sediments, combined with EDS microanalysis, is useful to identify mineralogical traps such as Fe oxides or clays to retain the As. The As content in all sampled sediments is above the threshold effect levels (TEL), the possible effect range within which adverse effects occasionally occur, according to the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life. This fact is related to a naturally high geochemical background in the basin, due to the existing mineral deposits. The PEL threshold (the probable effect range within which adverse effects frequently occur) is exceeded by more than an order of magnitude in the sediments downstream of the Hg mines. In these points, the As content in the water, exceeding 700 μg L-1 As, is also above the quality standard established in Spanish legislation. As a result, the Caudal River tributaries in the lower part of the basin do not reach a good ecological state, according to the Hydrological Planning Office, and in some cases their state is deficient, showing low richness and high dominance of macroinvertebrates. Although the concentrations decrease with distance from the source, these findings justify the low ecological quality of the affected watercourses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Escudero
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Alfredo F Ojanguren
- Department Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Álvarez
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carmen García
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jose Pañeda
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Fernando Alberquilla
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Almudena Ordóñez
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Bonin AMF, Ávila S, Etgeton SAP, de Lima JJ, Dos Santos MP, Grassi MT, Krüger CCH. Ripening stage impacts nutritional components, antiglycemic potential, digestibility and antioxidant properties of grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.) fruit. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113956. [PMID: 38309876 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the nutritional components (macronutrients ans minerals) and α-amylase inhibition capacity of freeze-dried grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam) seeds (S) and pulp/peel (P) portions, at ripe and mid-ripe stages. In vitro digestion was also performed on S and P from grumixama to assess the bioaccessibility of total phenolic compound (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and anthocyanins (TAC), as well as to examine their impact on antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP). The ripening process impacts the bioactive compounds and individual phenolics of S and P portions. The ripe S was source of myricetin and exhibited higher antioxidant activity, while mid-ripe S was high in flavonoids and cinnamic acid with higher antiglycemic potential. Ripe P showed higher soluble fiber, carbohydrate, TAC, and caffeic acid content, whereas mid-ripe P had increased mineral content (calcium, potassium, manganese), catechin, and TPC. After in vitro digestion, the P portion showed a bioaccessibility of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) exceeding 40% at intestinal phase. In contrast, the S portions had better release of TPC and TFC and antioxidant activity at gastric phase. Considering the outstanding nutritional and biological properties of grumixama fruit, freeze-dried S and P portions from both ripening stages possess could be explored as valuable sources of nutrients and antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Forcelini Bonin
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Suelen Ávila
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Schaina Andriela Pontarollo Etgeton
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jair José de Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Department, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mayara Padovan Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marco Tadeu Grassi
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, 81530-000 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Claudia Carneiro Hecke Krüger
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Department, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Hameed OM, Shaker OM, Ben Slima A, Makni M. Biochemical Profiling and Physicochemical and Biological Valorization of Iraqi Honey: A Comprehensive Analysis. Molecules 2024; 29:671. [PMID: 38338414 PMCID: PMC10856440 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to analyze five monovarietal honeys from the Salah Eddine region in Iraq, focusing on physicochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties and polyphenolic compounds. Our objective was to evaluate the strengths and qualities of Iraqi honeys, ensuring compliance with the Codex Alimentarius standard for honey. The spectrophotometric analysis included assessments of reduced sugar (75.8-77.7%), fructose-to-glucose ratio (0.7-0.9%), sucrose (2.2-2.9%), HMF (17.23-18.87 mg/kg), and melanoidin content (0.25-0.44), which were all determined. The electrical conductivity (0.39-0.46 mS/cm) using a conductivity meter, pH (4.02-4.31), and mineral composition were determined in all samples using atomic absorption spectrometry. Antioxidant activities were spectrophotometrically determined, through DPPH free radical scavenging (7.87-95.62 mg/mL), as was the total antioxidant activity (14.26-22.15 mg AAE/g), with correlations established with biochemical constituents such as the total phenol content, highlighting the significant presence of Coumaric acid (0.38-2.34 µg/mL), Catechin (1.80-2.68 µg/mL), and Quercetin (0.30 µg/mL) using HPLC. The study also observed notable antimicrobial activities using Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans on Mueller-Hinton agar as well as through diffusion technique. In conclusion, our findings, including the antioxidant and antimicrobial strengths, underscore the substantial potential of Iraqi honeys in mitigating damage and preventing the onset of various diseases, affirming their good quality and adherence to international honey standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mohammed Hameed
- Environmental Sciences and Sustainable Development Laboratory LASED, LR 18ES32, University of Sfax, Road of Aeroport Km 0.5 BP, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Applied Sciences, University of Samarra, Samarra 34010, Iraq;
| | - Ohood Mzahim Shaker
- Department of Pathological Analysis, College of Applied Sciences, University of Samarra, Samarra 34010, Iraq;
| | - Ahlem Ben Slima
- Department of Food Technology, High Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Road of Aeroport Km 0.5 BP, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
| | - Mohamed Makni
- Department of Food Technology, High Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Road of Aeroport Km 0.5 BP, Sfax 3029, Tunisia;
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Lavrentev FV, Baranovskaia DA, Shiriaev VA, Fomicheva DA, Iatsenko VA, Ivanov MS, Ashikhmina MS, Morozova OV, Iakovchenko NV. Influence of pre-treatment methods on quality indicators and mineral composition of plant milk from different sources of raw materials. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:967-978. [PMID: 37728318 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-treatment of plant materials is essential in producing plant-based products and can affect their various organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics. This work aimed to study the effect of pre-treatment of vegetable raw materials, namely ultrasonic processing and freezing of raw materials under various low-temperature conditions, to obtain multiple types of vegetable milk and determine their characteristics. RESULTS It is shown that by applying a certain kind of pre-treatment of vegetable raw materials it is possible to adjust organoleptic parameters and the content of solids, protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber and mineral composition of various types of vegetable milk from soy, rice, oats, wheat, peas, buckwheat, pumpkin seeds and lentils. Ultrasound pre-treatment allows increasing of polyphenol content by an average of 15-20% for all types of plant milk, except for lentil milk. The results showed that ultrasound treatment for 3 min had the most significant effect on the overall acceptability for lentils, pumpkin, rice and pea milk. Pre-freezing at a temperature regime of -17 and -85 °C contributed to an increase in Fe, K, Zn, Ca, Mg, Si and P by an average of 30-100%, depending on the plant material. CONCLUSION Pre-treatment of vegetable raw materials, including freezing and ultrasonic treatment, can positively affect the macro- and micronutrient composition of plant milk. However, the effect may vary depending on the type of raw material and processing conditions. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipp V Lavrentev
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Valerii A Shiriaev
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria A Fomicheva
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Maksim S Ivanov
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Olga V Morozova
- Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Bayomy HM, Alamri ES. Biochemical Assessments of Six Species of Edible Coastal Algae Collected from Tabuk Region in Saudi Arabia. Molecules 2024; 29:639. [PMID: 38338383 PMCID: PMC10856434 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the first study focusing on the Red Sea's Tabuk coast, six edible species of the most common algae were collected to evaluate their approximate composition using AOAC methods, amino acids using ion-exchange chromatography, minerals using atomic absorption spectroscopy, phenolic compounds using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. All the data were significantly (p < 0.05) different among all the studied species. The data indicated that the protein content ranged from 9.25% for A. nodosum to 20.06% for H. musciformis. C. racemosa had the highest lipid content of 7.57%. Phosphors varied from 68.2 mg/100 g for A. nodosum to 406 mg/100 g for D. simplex. The largest amounts of calcium (2458 mg/100 g) and iron (29.79 mg/100 g) were found in C. racemosa. The total essential amino acids ranged between 38.16 and 46.82% for A. nodosum and D. simplex, respectively. F. vesiculosus had the maximum content of phenolic compounds (11.06 mg GAE/g). A. nodosum had the highest antioxidant capacity (1.78 mg TE/g). The research concluded that algae are the main effort toward sustainable agriculture to meet the world's food needs. that algae may be used to improve food naturally. To satisfy the criteria for sustainable food, which is one of the pillars of NEOM, numerous studies are required to investigate the natural products available in the Red Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M. Bayomy
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Science Faculty, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
- Food and Dairy Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Eman S. Alamri
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Science Faculty, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
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Chang W, Ke X, Wang W, Liu P. Identifying sources of acid mine drainage and major hydrogeochemical processes in abandoned mine adits (Southeast Shaanxi, China). Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:60. [PMID: 38280088 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) has resulted in significant risks to both human health and the environment of the Han River watershed. In this study, water and sediment samples from typical mine adits were selected to investigate the hydrogeochemical characteristics and assess the environmental impacts of AMD. The interactions between coexisting chemical factors, geochemical processes in the mine adit, and the causes of AMD formation are discussed based on statistical analysis, mineralogical analysis, and geochemical modeling. The results showed that the hydrochemical types of AMD consisted of SO4-Ca-Mg, SO4-Ca, and SO4-Mg, with low pH and extremely high concentrations of Fe and SO42-. The release behaviors of most heavy metals are controlled by the oxidation of sulfide minerals (mainly pyrite) and the dissolution/precipitation of secondary minerals. Along the AMD pathway in the adit, the species of Fe-hydroxy secondary minerals tend to initially increase and later decrease. The inverse model results indicated that (1) oxidative dissolution of sulfide minerals, (2) interconversion of Fe-hydroxy secondary minerals, (3) precipitation of gypsum, and (4) neutralization by calcite are the main geochemical reactions in the adit, and chlorite might be the major neutralizing mineral of AMD with calcite. Furthermore, there were two sources of AMD in abandoned mine adits: oxidation of pyrite within the adits and infiltration of AMD from the overlying waste rock dumps. The findings can provide deeper insight into hydrogeochemical processes and the formation of AMD contamination produced in abandoned mine adits under similar mining and hydrogeological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Chang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianmin Ke
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
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Luo Y, Yang X, Wang D, Xu H, Zhang H, Huang S, Wang Q, Zhang N, Cao J, Shen Z. Insights the dominant contribution of biomass burning to methanol-soluble PM 2.5 bounded oxidation potential based on multilayer perceptron neural network analysis in Xi'an, China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 908:168273. [PMID: 37918731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ambient PM2.5 samples were collected during heating and nonheating seasons in Xi'an, China, and the ROS-generation potential of PM2.5 was quantified using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Additionally, positive matrix factorization combined with multilayer perceptron was employed to apportion sources contributing to the oxidation potential of PM2.5. Both the mass concentration of PM2.5 and the volume-based DTT activity (DTTv) were higher during the heating season than during the nonheating season. The primary contributors to DTTv were combustion (biomass and coal) sources during the heating season (>52 %), whereas secondary formation dominated DTT activity during the nonheating season (35.7 %). In addition, the secondary reaction process promoted the generation of intrinsic oxidation potential (OP) of sources. Among all the sources investigated (traffic source, industrial emission, mineral dust, biomass burning, secondary formation and coal combustion), the inherent oxidation potential of biomass burning was the highest, whereas that of mineral dust was the lowest. Our study indicates that anthropogenic sources, especially biomass burning, should be prioritized in PM2.5 toxicity control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xueting Yang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Diwei Wang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Hongai Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 650 Xinsongjiang Rd, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shasha Huang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Junji Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhenxing Shen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710049, China.
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Olmos-Ruiz R, Garcia-Gomez P, Carvajal M, Yepes-Molina L. Exploring membrane vesicles in citrus fruits: a comparative analysis of conventional and organic farming approaches. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:235-248. [PMID: 37596244 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, vesicles derived from plant cell membranes have received attention for their potential use as active biomolecules and nanocarriers, and obtaining them from organic crops may be an interesting option because different farming systems can affect production, plant secondary metabolism and biochemistry of cell membranes. The present study aimed to determine how organic and conventional farming affects the mineral nutrition, gas exchange, CO2 fixation and biochemical composition of lemon fruits, which could have an impact on the different fractions of cell membranes in pulp and juice. RESULTS Organic trees had higher intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) but conventional trees had higher stomatal conductance (gs) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUtE). Also, organic lemons had significantly higher levels of some micronutrients (Ca, Cu, Fe and Zn). Second, the main differences in the membrane vesicles showed that organic pulp vesicles had a higher antioxidant activity and more oleic acid, whereas both types of vesicles from conventional lemons had more linoleic acid. CONCLUSION In conclusion, organic farming did not alter carbon fixation parameters but impacted nitrogen fixation and water uptake, and resulted in higher micronutrient levels in lemons. These mineral nutritional changes could be related to the higher production of membranes that showed suitable morphological traits and a high antioxidant activity, positively correlated with a high amount of oleic acid, which could have stronger cell protection characteristics. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Olmos-Ruiz
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Garcia-Gomez
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucia Yepes-Molina
- Aquaporins Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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Vinayagam S, Sathishkumar K, Ayyamperumal R, Natarajan PM, Ahmad I, Saeed M, Alabdallah NM, Sundaram T. Distribution and transport of contaminants in soil through mining processes and its environmental impact and health hazard assessment: A review of the prospective solutions. Environ Res 2024; 240:117473. [PMID: 37871785 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental regulations were concerned with support in reaction to the enormous ecological harm caused by mining in the past. Because mining, dumping, and tailings can generate waste and radioactive consequences, society must develop methods for successfully treating mining waste from mine dumps, tailings, and abandoned mines. Strict policies associated with environmental regulations to avoid the possible dangers caused by garbage and radioactivity. Several characteristics, including background contamination from natural sources related to mineral deposits, contamination from industrial activities in three-dimensional subsurface space, a problem with long-term remediation following mine closure, a problem with secondary contaminated areas near mine sites, land use conflicts, and abandoned mines, distinguish it. Reusing and recycling mine waste occasionally results in cost-effective advantages in the mining sector by offsetting natural resource requirements and reducing the volume of garbage materials. These benefits stem from recycling and reusing mining waste, which can lower the amount of garbage that must be managed. This review focuses on realistic strategies for anticipating mining exploration control and attempts to examine those methods in-depth. Management strategies for limiting the environmental impact of mining dumps, stockpiles, and tailings were discussed. The environmental assessment was also mentioned to carry out specific control and take preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Vinayagam
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Prabhu Manickam Natarajan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences and Research, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanigaivel Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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Kadulkar N, Kataki R, Deka A, Medhi H, Chakraborty S, Singh A. Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Different Chelating Agents on Mineral Content and Erosion of Radicular Dentine: A FESEM-EDS Analysis. Eur Endod J 2024; 9:73-80. [PMID: 38157281 PMCID: PMC10777092 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2023.19971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Irrigating solutions play an important role in the debridement and disinfection of the root canal space, and thus, it is crucial to comprehend their effects on the composition and surface structure of radicular dentine. This study evaluated and compared the effects of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 9% 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) and 0.2% chitosan on the mineral content and erosion of radicular dentine when used as a final rinse. METHODS Sixty extracted human mandibular premolar teeth were decoronated and instrumented to ProTaper size F2. After final instrumentation, the samples were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15) according to the type of final irrigant used: Normal saline (control), 17% EDTA, 9% HEBP and 0.2% chitosan. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to assess the erosion of radicular dentine, and energy dispersive X- ray spectroscopy was used to quantify the radicular dentine mineral composition at the coronal, middle and apical levels of all the prepared samples after final irrigation. The one-way analysis of variance was used for intra-group and inter-group comparisons of means, the Kruskal Wallis test for intra-group and inter-group comparisons of medians and Tukey's post hoc test for pairwise comparisons. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the levels of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and Ca/P ratio after final rinse with 17% EDTA, 9% HEBP and 0.2% chitosan at all three root levels (p>0.05); except at the coronal level, where 0.2% chitosan caused significantly less alteration in Ca levels and Ca/P ratio than 17% EDTA and 9% HEBP respectively (p<0.05). 17% EDTA, 9% HEBP and 0.2% chitosan caused no erosion at the middle and apical levels. Meanwhile, 17% EDTA and 9% HEBP caused moderate erosion at the coronal level. CONCLUSION Alternatives to 17% EDTA during final irrigation can be 9% HEBP and 0.2% chitosan. (EEJ-2023-06-078).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishad Kadulkar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, India
| | - Rubi Kataki
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, India
| | - Adrija Deka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, India
| | - Himchumi Medhi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, India
| | - Suchismita Chakraborty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India
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Galvão JCM, Ayres Neto A, Vieira R, Simões JC. Elemental and mineralogical characterization of marine sediments and their relationship to sedimentary and oceanographic processes in Central Bransfield Basin. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230990. [PMID: 38126388 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This work consists of the sedimentological, mineralogical, and geochemical characterization of eight marine sediment cores collected in the Central Bransfield Basin, along a transect between the South Shetland Islands to the Antarctic Peninsula and its correlation to the sedimentary and oceanographic processes of the area. A chemical characterization based on X-ray fluorescence dispersive spectrometry was implemented to obtain geochemical data of the marine sediment while the minerals were identified by X-ray diffraction. The study allowed to classify the cores into three groups according to their sediment source and chemical and mineralogical characteristics. The joint assessment of the geochemical and mineralogical signature of the sediment has confirmed that the elemental ratios Ti/Ca and Fe/Ca can be applied as proxies in the reconstitution of the terrigenous contribution to the Central Bransfield Basin if we consider the sedimentary contribution of the volcanic edifices present in the region. The Fe/K ratio associated with the Chemical Index of Alteration reinforced an increase in the degree of weathering near South Shetland Island, which is also pointed out by other authors in studies on climate change mainly in the subantarctic islands. The trend of temperature increase implies the importance of monitoring the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janayna Cynthia M Galvão
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza, s/n, Campus da Praia Vermelha, Boa Viagem, 24210-346 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Arthur Ayres Neto
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza, s/n, Campus da Praia Vermelha, Boa Viagem, 24210-346 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Vieira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza, s/n, Campus da Praia Vermelha, Boa Viagem, 24210-346 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jefferson C Simões
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Campus do Vale, Caixa Postal 15001, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Alonso JM, Abreu AHMD, Andreoli CV, Teixeira PC, Polidoro JC, Leles PSDS. Chemical characteristics and valuation of sewage sludge from four different wastewater treatment plants. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 196:34. [PMID: 38091160 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge contains plant nutrients and organic matter in its composition, making it a potential partial substitute for mineral fertilizers if it meets environmental, agronomic, and sanitary standards. The objective was to evaluate the content of nutrients and heavy metals in the sludge generated in four wastewater treatment stations (WWTPs) in Rio de Janeiro state and assess its potential value and usefulness. The samples of 19 batches from the WTTPs Alegria, Barra da Tijuca, Ilha do Governador, and Sarapuí were analyzed. The WWTPs differ in methods and processes used for treating sewage and sludge. The total contents of C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Na, Co, Mn, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Se, Pb, and Zn were evaluated, as well as the ratio C/N, pH, organic matter content, and electrical conductivity. The grouping of sludge samples was assessed using principal components (PCA) and cluster analysis. The economic valuation of sludge was conducted utilizing the substitute goods method, which compared the sludge's N-P-K contents with the prices of consolidated nutrient sources. All the evaluated sludge batches exhibited concentrations of heavy metals below the limits allowed by Brazilian law, along with high levels of nutrients and organic matter. Considering the chemical characteristics, all evaluated materials showed potential for agricultural use, but it is crucial to evaluate the microbiological characteristics of sludge batches before agriculture application. PCA and cluster analysis demonstrated that sludge samples from the same WWTP clustered close to each other, demonstrating higher similarity among themselves than with samples from other WWTPs. The sludge had an average added value of U$ 88.46 per megagram, considering the total contents of N, P, and K in its composition. Land application of sewage sludge can reduce the need to purchase mineral fertilizers, thereby supporting the feasibility of reusing this material in the agricultural sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Makhlouta Alonso
- Silviculture Department, Institute of Forestry, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), BR 465, Km 07, Seropédica, RJ, 23890-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Cleverson Vitório Andreoli
- Consultoria e Engenharia Ambiental, CEA, Rua Taquari, 81 Lj 30, Alphavile Graciosa, Pinhais, PR, 83327-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Teixeira
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Soils), R. Jardim Botânico, 1024 - Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-000, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Polidoro
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Soils), R. Jardim Botânico, 1024 - Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Dos Santos Leles
- Silviculture Department, Institute of Forestry, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), BR 465, Km 07, Seropédica, RJ, 23890-000, Brazil
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