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Kazaleh M, Gioscia-Ryan R, Ailawadi G, Salmon M. Oxidative Stress and the Pathogenesis of Aortic Aneurysms. Biomedicines 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 38275364 PMCID: PMC10813769 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Despite their clinical significance, there remain critical knowledge gaps in the pathogenesis of aneurysm disease and the mechanisms involved in aortic rupture. Recent studies have drawn attention to the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their down-stream effectors in chronic cardiovascular diseases and specifically in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm formation. This review will discuss current mechanisms of ROS in mediating aortic aneurysms, the failure of endogenous antioxidant systems in chronic vascular diseases, and their relation to the development of aortic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kazaleh
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.K.); (G.A.)
| | - Rachel Gioscia-Ryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Gorav Ailawadi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.K.); (G.A.)
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Morgan Salmon
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.K.); (G.A.)
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Hasan M, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A, Zeidan A, Al-Thani A, Yalcin HC. Disturbed hemodynamics and oxidative stress interaction in endothelial dysfunction and AAA progression: Focus on Nrf2 pathway. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131238. [PMID: 37536420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress is one of the major factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), through its modulatory effect on the endothelial cell's redox homeostasis and mechanosensitive gene expression. Among important mechanisms, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress activation, and the subsequent endothelial dysfunction are attributed to disturbed blood flow and low shear stress in the vascular curvature and bifurcations which are considered atheroprone regions and aneurysm occurrence spots. Many pathways were shown to be involved in AAA progression. Of particular interest from recent findings is, the (Nrf2)/Keap-1 pathway, where Nrf2 is a transcription factor that has antioxidant properties and is strongly associated with several CVDs, yet, the exact mechanism by which Nrf2 alleviates CVDs still to be elucidated. Nrf2 expression is closely affected by shear stress and was shown to participate in AAA. In the current review paper, we discussed the link between disturbed hemodynamics and its effect on Nrf2 as a mechanosensitive gene and its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction which is linked to the progression of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Al-Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Cross-Sectional Imaging to Evaluate the Risk of Rupture in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Review article based on a dissertation submitted to fulfill the academic grade of doctor in medical sciences (….), entitled: Imaging the mechanisms involved in abdominal aortic aneurysms rupture; a step towards patient-specific risk assessment. J Belg Soc Radiol 2016; 100:91. [PMID: 30151486 PMCID: PMC6100636 DOI: 10.5334/jbr-btr.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Menteşe U, Turan I, Usta S, Demir S, Koral Ö, Öztaş Menteşe S, Çavuşoğlu IG, Karahan SC, Alver A, Doğan OV, Aykan AÇ. Systemic oxidant/antioxidant balance in human abdominal aortic aneurysm. Perfusion 2015; 31:288-94. [DOI: 10.1177/0267659115598856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidant-antioxidant balance in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Forty-two consecutive patients with AAA and 46 control subjects were included. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were measured and the oxidative stress index (OSI) value determined. Serum TOS and OSI values in patients with AAA were higher than those in the controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). There was a positive correlation between abdominal aortic diameters, serum TOS levels (r=0.592, p<0.001) and OSI values (r=0.598, p<0.001). A cut-off value of 17.68 µmol H2O2 equivalent/L for TOS was associated with 86% sensitivity and 83% specificity and a cut-off value of 1.77 for OSI was associated with 86% sensitivity and 81% specificity for predicting AAA. Systemic oxidative imbalance develops in patients with AAA, particularly as a result of an increase in TOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit Menteşe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ahi Evren Chest and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Turan
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Gümüşhane University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gümüşhane, Turkey
| | - Sefer Usta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ahi Evren Chest and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Selim Demir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Özgür Koral
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ahi Evren Chest and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Seda Öztaş Menteşe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kanuni Teaching and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ismail Gökhan Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Radiology, Ahi Evren Chest and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Caner Karahan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alver
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Orhan Veli Doğan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çağrı Aykan
- Department of Cardiology, Ahi Evren Chest and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
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Delbosc S, Diallo D, Dejouvencel T, Lamiral Z, Louedec L, Martin-Ventura JL, Rossignol P, Leseche G, Michel JB, Meilhac O. Impaired high-density lipoprotein anti-oxidant capacity in human abdominal aortic aneurysm. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 100:307-15. [PMID: 23955602 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a particular form of atherothrombotic disease characterized by the dilation of the aortic wall and the presence of an intraluminal thrombus (ILT). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the pro-oxidant properties of the ILT and to characterize the anti-oxidant capacity of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). METHODS AND RESULTS Our results show that ILT, adventitia, and plasma from AAA patients contained high concentrations of lipid and protein oxidation products. Mediators produced within or released by the thrombus and the adventitia were shown to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by cultured aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) and to trigger the onset of apoptosis (an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential). Iron chelation limited these effects. Both concentration and functionality of HDLs were altered in AAA patients. Plasma levels of Apo A-I were lower, and small HDL subclasses were decreased in AAA patients. Circulating HDLs in AAA patients displayed an impaired capacity to inhibit copper-induced low-density lipoprotein oxidation and AoSMC ROS production. Western blot analyses of HDLs demonstrated that myeloperoxidase is associated with HDL particles in AAA patients. CONCLUSION ILT and adventitia are a source of pro-oxidant products, in particular haemoglobin, which may impact on the wall stability/rupture in AAA. In addition, HDLs from AAA patients exhibit an impaired anti-oxidant activity. In this context, restoring HDL functionality may represent a new therapeutic option in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Delbosc
- INSERM U698, Hemostasis, Bio-engineering and Cardiovascular Remodeling, Hôpital Bichat, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France
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Parastatidis I, Weiss D, Joseph G, Taylor WR. Overexpression of catalase in vascular smooth muscle cells prevents the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2389-96. [PMID: 23950141 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated levels of oxidative stress have been reported in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), but which reactive oxygen species promotes the development of AAA remains unclear. Here, we investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-degrading enzyme catalase on the formation of AAA. APPROACH AND RESULTS AAA were induced with the application of calcium chloride (CaCl2) on mouse infrarenal aortas. The administration of PEG-catalase, but not saline, attenuated the loss of tunica media and protected against AAA formation (0.91 ± 0.1 versus 0.76 ± 0.09 mm). Similarly, in a transgenic mouse model, catalase overexpression in the vascular smooth muscle cells preserved the thickness of tunica media and inhibited aortic dilatation by 50% (0.85 ± 0.14 versus 0.57 ± 0.08 mm). Further studies showed that injury with CaCl2 decreased catalase expression and activity in the aortic wall. Pharmacological administration or genetic overexpression of catalase restored catalase activity and subsequently decreased matrix metalloproteinase activity. In addition, a profound reduction in inflammatory markers and vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis was evident in aortas of catalase-overexpressing mice. Interestingly, as opposed to infusion of PEG-catalase, chronic overexpression of catalase in vascular smooth muscle cells did not alter the total aortic H2O2 levels. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that a reduction in aortic wall catalase activity can predispose to AAA formation. Restoration of catalase activity in the vascular wall enhances aortic vascular smooth muscle cell survival and prevents AAA formation primarily through modulation of matrix metalloproteinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Parastatidis
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (I.P., D.W., G.J., W.R.T.); Cardiology Division, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA (W.R.T.); and Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA (W.R.T.)
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Pincemail J, Defraigne JO, Cheramy-Bien JP, Dardenne N, Donneau AF, Albert A, Labropoulos N, Sakalihasan N. On the potential increase of the oxidative stress status in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Redox Rep 2012; 17:139-44. [PMID: 22732574 DOI: 10.1179/1351000212y.0000000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major cause of preventable deaths in older patients. Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis of AAA. However, only few studies have been conducted to evaluate the blood oxidative stress status of AAA patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty seven AAA patients (mean age of 70 years) divided into two groups according to AAA size (≤ 50 or > 50 mm) were compared with an age-matched group of 18 healthy subjects. Antioxidants (vitamins C and E, β-carotene, glutathione, thiols, and ubiquinone), trace elements (selenium, copper, zinc, and copper/zinc ratio) and markers of oxidative damage to lipids (lipid peroxides, antibodies against oxidized patients, and isoprostanes) were measured in each subject. The comparison of the three groups by ordinal logistic regression showed a significant decrease of the plasma levels of vitamin C (P = 0.011), α-tocopherol (P = 0.016) but not when corrected for cholesterol values, β-carotene (P = 0.0096), ubiquinone (P = 0.014), zinc (P = 0.0035), and of selenium (P = 0.0038), as AAA size increased. By contrast, specific markers of lipid peroxidation such as the Cu/Zn ratio (P = 0.046) and to a lesser extent isoprostanes (P = 0.052) increased. CONCLUSION The present study emphasizes the potential role of the oxidative stress in AAA disease and suggests that an antioxidant therapy could be of interest to delay AAA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pincemail
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium.
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Gao L, Siu KL, Chalupsky K, Nguyen A, Chen P, Weintraub NL, Galis Z, Cai H. Role of uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation: treatment with folic acid. Hypertension 2012; 59:158-66. [PMID: 22083158 PMCID: PMC3668799 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.181644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) uncoupling occurs in hypertension and atherosclerosis. However, its causal role in vascular pathogenesis has not been characterized previously. Here, we challenged eNOS preuncoupled hyperphenylalaninemia (hph)-1 mice (deficient in eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic enzyme GTPCHI) with angiotensin II (Ang II; 0.7 mg/kg per day, 14 days). Both wild-type and hph-1 groups developed hypertension similarly up to day 6 to 7. Thereafter, ≈14% of Ang II-infused (0.7 mg/kg per day) hph-1 mice (n=72) started to die suddenly of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Among the survivors, 65% developed AAA, resulting in a total morbidity rate of 79%. In contrast, none of the Ang II-infused wild-type mice died or developed AAA. Ang II progressively deteriorated eNOS uncoupling in hph-1 mice while augmenting tetrahydrobiopterin and nitric oxide (NO(·)) deficiencies. The abundance of the tetrahydrobiopterin salvage enzyme dihydrofolate reductase in the endothelium was decreased in hph-1 mice and further diminished by Ang II infusion. Intriguingly, restoration of dihydrofolate reductase expression by oral administration of folic acid or overexpression of dihydrofolate reductase completely prevented AAA formation in Ang II-infused hph-1 mice while attenuating progressive uncoupling of eNOS. Folic acid also attenuated vascular remodeling and inflammation characterized by medial elastin breakdown and augmented matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity and activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9, as well as macrophage infiltration. In conclusion, these data innovatively suggest a causal role of eNOS uncoupling/tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in AAA formation. Therefore, oral folic acid administration, endothelium-targeted dihydrofolate reductase gene therapy, and perhaps other countermeasures directed against eNOS uncoupling could be used as new therapeutics for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Ciborowski M, Martin-Ventura JL, Meilhac O, Michel JB, Ruperez FJ, Tuñon J, Egido J, Barbas C. Metabolites Secreted by Human Atherothrombotic Aneurysms Revealed through a Metabolomic Approach. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:1374-82. [DOI: 10.1021/pr101138m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Ciborowski
- Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, University San Pablo-CEU, Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jose L. Martin-Ventura
- IIS-Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- INSERM U698, Paris, F-75018, France; Université Denis Diderot, UMR-S698, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Michel
- INSERM U698, Paris, F-75018, France; Université Denis Diderot, UMR-S698, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - F. Javier Ruperez
- Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, University San Pablo-CEU, Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Tuñon
- IIS-Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Egido
- IIS-Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centro de Excelencia en Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, University San Pablo-CEU, Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain
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McCormick ML, Gavrila D, Weintraub NL. Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27:461-9. [PMID: 17218601 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000257552.94483.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is well established. The inflammatory process leads to protease-mediated degradation of the extracellular matrix and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells (SMC), which are the predominant matrix synthesizing cells of the vascular wall. These processes act in concert to progressively weaken the aortic wall, resulting in dilatation and aneurysm formation. Oxidative stress is invariably increased in, and contributes importantly to, the pathophysiology of inflammation. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and induction of SMC apoptosis. ROS may also contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension, a risk factor for AAA. Emerging evidence suggests that ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are associated with AAA formation in animal models and in humans. Although experimental data are limited, several studies suggest that modulation of ROS production or activity may suppress AAA formation and improve experimental outcome in rodent models. Although a number of enzymes can produce injurious ROS in the vasculature, increasing evidence points toward a role for NADPH oxidase as a source of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L McCormick
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA
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Gavrila D, Li WG, McCormick ML, Thomas M, Daugherty A, Cassis LA, Miller FJ, Oberley LW, Dellsperger KC, Weintraub NL. Vitamin E inhibits abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25:1671-7. [PMID: 15933246 PMCID: PMC3974107 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000172631.50972.0f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in humans are associated with locally increased oxidative stress and activity of NADPH oxidase. We investigated the hypothesis that vitamin E, an antioxidant with documented efficacy in mice, can attenuate AAA formation during angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Six-month-old male apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were infused with Ang II at 1000 ng/kg per minute for 4 weeks via osmotic minipumps while consuming either a regular diet or a diet enriched with vitamin E (2 IU/g of diet). After 4 weeks, abdominal aortic weight and maximal diameter were determined, and aortic tissues were sectioned and examined using biochemical and histological techniques. Vitamin E attenuated formation of AAA, decreasing maximal aortic diameter by 24% and abdominal aortic weight by 34% (P<0.05, respectively). Importantly, animals treated with vitamin E showed a 44% reduction in the combined end point of fatal+nonfatal aortic rupture (P<0.05). Vitamin E also decreased aortic 8-isoprostane content (a marker of oxidative stress) and reduced both aortic macrophage infiltration and osteopontin expression (P<0.05, respectively). Vitamin E treatment had no significant effect on the extent of aortic root atherosclerosis, activation of matrix metalloproteinases 2 or 9, serum lipid profile, or systolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin E ameliorates AAAs and reduces the combined end point of fatal+nonfatal aortic rupture in this animal model. These findings are consistent with the concept that oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in Ang II-driven AAA formation in hyperlipidemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gavrila
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Yavuz T, Delibas N, Yildirim B, Altuntas I, Candir O, Cora A, Karaman N, Ibrisim E, Kutsal A. Vascular wall damage in rats induced by methidathion and ameliorating effect of vitamins E and C. Arch Toxicol 2004; 78:655-9. [PMID: 15368089 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-004-0593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2004] [Accepted: 06/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effect of subacute methidathion (MD) administration on vascular wall damage and evaluated the ameliorating effects of combination of vitamins E and C against MD toxicity. The experimental groups were: rats treated with corn oil (control group), rats treated with 5 mg/kg MD (MD), and rats treated with 5 mg/kg body weight MD plus vitamin E and vitamin C (MD+Vit). The groups were given MD by gavage on 5 days a week for 4 weeks at a daily dose 5 mg/kg (MD and MD+Vit) using corn oil as the vehicle. Vitamins E and C were injected at doses of 50 mg/kg intramuscularly and 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally, respectively, after the treatment with MD in the MD+Vit group. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined in the aortic tissue. Histopathological examination was examined in the thoracic aortic tissue. MDA levels were higher in the MD group than the control group and lower in the MD+Vit group than MD group. MD administration led to irregulation, prominent breaks, and fragmentation of the elastic fibers but decrease in the irregulation and fragmantation of the elastic fibers with the combination of vitamins E and C in MD-treated rats. In conclusion, it is likely that subacute MD administration caused vascular wall damage, and that treatment with a combination of vitamins E and C after the administration of MD can reduce vascular wall damage caused by MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turhan Yavuz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey.
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Miller FJ, Sharp WJ, Fang X, Oberley LW, Oberley TD, Weintraub NL. Oxidative stress in human abdominal aortic aneurysms: a potential mediator of aneurysmal remodeling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 22:560-5. [PMID: 11950691 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000013778.72404.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by localized connective tissue degradation and smooth muscle cell (SMC) apoptosis, leading to aortic dilatation and rupture. Reactive oxygen species are abundantly produced during inflammatory processes and can stimulate connective tissue-degrading proteases and apoptosis of SMCs. We hypothesized that reactive oxygen species are locally increased in AAA and lead to enhanced oxidative stress. In aortas from patients undergoing surgical repair, superoxide levels (measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence) were 2.5-fold higher in the AAA segments compared with the adjacent nonaneurysmal aortic (NA) segments (6638+/-2164 versus 2675+/-1027 relative light units for 5 minutes per millimeter squared, respectively; n=7). Formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and conjugated dienes, 2 indices of lipid peroxidation, were increased 3-fold in AAA compared with NA segments. Immunostaining for nitrotyrosine was significantly greater in AAA tissue. Dihydroethidium staining indicated that increased superoxide in AAA segments was localized to infiltrating inflammatory cells and to SMCs. Expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits p47(phox) and p22(phox) and NAD(P)H oxidase activity were increased in AAA segments compared with NA segments. Thus, oxidative stress is markedly increased in AAA, in part through the activation of NAD(P)H oxidase, and may contribute to the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA.
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