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Salvadori C, Vezzosi T, Marchetti V, Cantile C. Polyarteritis Nodosa in a Cat with Involvement of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. J Comp Pathol 2018; 167:6-11. [PMID: 30898299 PMCID: PMC7089612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An 18-month-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was referred with a history of pyrexia, polyuria and polydypsia, and transient episodes of bilateral hindlimb paralysis. Cardiac evaluation revealed severe systemic hypertension and severe concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle. One month later the cat had a new episode of hindlimb paralysis with recurrent seizures, and died in status epilepticus. At necropsy examination, the coronary arteries, arcuate renal arteries and common iliac arteries showed marked thickening with nodules segmentally located along the vessels and consequent narrowing of the lumina. Histologically, acute and chronic inflammatory infiltration of the vascular walls was associated with necrosis of the muscular layer. Lesions were consistent with polyarteritis nodosa and involved the small, medium and large arteries of the heart, kidneys, small and large intestine, mesentery, liver and thyroid. Multifocal meningeal vasculitis associated with focal infarction of the frontal lobe and necrotizing vascular polyneuropathy were detected. Involvement of the central and peripheral nervous systems in polyarteritis nodosa is a novel finding in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Salvadori
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Italy.
| | - T Vezzosi
- Ospedale Didattico Veterinario 'M. Modenato', Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
| | - V Marchetti
- Ospedale Didattico Veterinario 'M. Modenato', Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Livornese, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Cantile
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Italy
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Wessels M, Strugnell B, Woodger N, Peat M, La Rocca SA, Dastjerdi A. Systemic necrotizing polyarteritis in three weaned lambs from one flock. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:733-737. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638717709856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic necrotizing polyarteritis was diagnosed in three 7–11-mo-old lambs from the same flock. Aneurysmal dilation and rupture of the gastroduodenal artery in 1 lamb resulted in fatal hemorrhage. All lambs had severe necrotizing vasculitis involving the small intestine, abomasum, mesentery, kidney, and heart with concurrent lymphocytic enteritis. Immunohistochemistry for T- and B-lymphocytes and macrophages found a T-cell– and macrophage-dominant transmural vascular infiltrate and T-cell–associated enteritis. PCR analysis for pestivirus failed to identify infection in 1 lamb, and more extensive viral microarray techniques applied to the second and third lamb failed to detect viral nucleic acid. The identification of 3 cases within 1 flock raises the possibility of a common etiology; however, no cause was established. A genetic etiology was not considered likely as not all of the lambs were related. The presence of concurrent T-lymphocyte–associated enteritis raises the possibility of an immune-mediated disease process linking the vasculitis and enteric lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Wessels
- Finn Pathologists, Weybread, Diss, Norfolk, UK (Wessels, Woodger)
- Farm Post Mortem Ltd, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, Co Durham, UK (Strugnell)
- Castle Veterinary Surgeons, Barnard Castle, Co Durham, UK (Peat)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency–Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK (La Rocca, Dastjerdi)
| | - Ben Strugnell
- Finn Pathologists, Weybread, Diss, Norfolk, UK (Wessels, Woodger)
- Farm Post Mortem Ltd, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, Co Durham, UK (Strugnell)
- Castle Veterinary Surgeons, Barnard Castle, Co Durham, UK (Peat)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency–Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK (La Rocca, Dastjerdi)
| | - Nick Woodger
- Finn Pathologists, Weybread, Diss, Norfolk, UK (Wessels, Woodger)
- Farm Post Mortem Ltd, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, Co Durham, UK (Strugnell)
- Castle Veterinary Surgeons, Barnard Castle, Co Durham, UK (Peat)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency–Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK (La Rocca, Dastjerdi)
| | - Martin Peat
- Finn Pathologists, Weybread, Diss, Norfolk, UK (Wessels, Woodger)
- Farm Post Mortem Ltd, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, Co Durham, UK (Strugnell)
- Castle Veterinary Surgeons, Barnard Castle, Co Durham, UK (Peat)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency–Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK (La Rocca, Dastjerdi)
| | - Severina Anna La Rocca
- Finn Pathologists, Weybread, Diss, Norfolk, UK (Wessels, Woodger)
- Farm Post Mortem Ltd, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, Co Durham, UK (Strugnell)
- Castle Veterinary Surgeons, Barnard Castle, Co Durham, UK (Peat)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency–Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK (La Rocca, Dastjerdi)
| | - Akbar Dastjerdi
- Finn Pathologists, Weybread, Diss, Norfolk, UK (Wessels, Woodger)
- Farm Post Mortem Ltd, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, Co Durham, UK (Strugnell)
- Castle Veterinary Surgeons, Barnard Castle, Co Durham, UK (Peat)
- Animal and Plant Health Agency–Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, UK (La Rocca, Dastjerdi)
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