Ziakas NG, Wong CP, Ramsay AS, Bamashmus MA, Forsyth RJ, Eyre JA, Clarke MP. Visual impairment in children with acute nontraumatic coma.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2001;
38:6-10; quiz 34-5. [PMID:
11201923 DOI:
10.3928/0191-3913-20010101-05]
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Abstract
PURPOSE
To determine the incidence and severity of visual impairment in children following acute nontraumatic coma.
METHODS
An 18-month prospective epidemiologic study of acute nontraumatic coma was undertaken in the former Northern NHS Region of England. Children aged >1 month and <16 years were included in the study if they had a Glasgow Coma Score of < or = 12 for >6 hours or if they died within 6 hours of the onset of decreased levels of consciousness. For survivors, ophthalmologic assessments were performed 6 weeks and 12 months after presentation.
RESULTS
Two hundred eighty-seven children were included in the study, of whom 127 died. Of the 137 examined survivors, 35 had visual abnormalities suspected by the examining neurologist during the ophthalmic assessment. Of these, visual impairment was confirmed in 10 children at the 6-week assessment by the pediatric ophthalmologist. At the 1 2-month assessment, visual impairment remained stable in 9 children and improved in 1.
CONCLUSION
In this study, 6.6% of children surviving acute nontraumatic coma had visual impairment that persisted at the 12-month follow-up examination. Incidence of visual impairment in acute nontraumatic coma is 0.97 per 100,000 children per year.
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