1
|
Gamage TH, Lengle E, Gunnes G, Pullisaar H, Holmgren A, Reseland JE, Merckoll E, Corti S, Mizobuchi M, Morales RJ, Tsiokas L, Tjønnfjord GE, Lacruz RS, Lyngstadaas SP, Misceo D, Frengen E. STIM1 R304W in mice causes subgingival hair growth and an increased fraction of trabecular bone. Cell Calcium 2019; 85:102110. [PMID: 31785581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.102110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling plays a central role in bone development and homeostasis. Store operated calcium entry (SOCE) is an important calcium influx pathway mediated by calcium release activated calcium (CRAC) channels in the plasma membrane. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is an endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensing protein important for SOCE. We generated a mouse model expressing the STIM1 R304W mutation, causing Stormorken syndrome in humans. Stim1R304W/R304W mice showed perinatal lethality, and the only three animals that survived into adulthood presented with reduced growth, low body weight, and thoracic kyphosis. Radiographs revealed a reduced number of ribs in the Stim1R304W/R304W mice. Microcomputed tomography data revealed decreased cortical bone thickness and increased trabecular bone volume fraction in Stim1R304W/R304W mice, which had thinner and more compact bone compared to wild type mice. The Stim1R304W/+ mice showed an intermediate phenotype. Histological analyses showed that the Stim1R304W/R304W mice had abnormal bone architecture, with markedly increased number of trabeculae and reduced bone marrow cavity. Homozygous mice showed STIM1 positive osteocytes and osteoblasts. These findings highlight the critical role of the gain-of-function (GoF) STIM1 R304W protein in skeletal development and homeostasis in mice. Furthermore, the novel feature of bilateral subgingival hair growth on the lower incisors in the Stim1R304W/R304W mice and 25 % of the heterozygous mice indicate that the GoF STIM1 R304W protein also induces an abnormal epithelial cell fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thilini H Gamage
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emma Lengle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gjermund Gunnes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
| | - Helen Pullisaar
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asbjørn Holmgren
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne E Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Else Merckoll
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefania Corti
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Leonidas Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Geir E Tjønnfjord
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rodrigo S Lacruz
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
| | - Staale P Lyngstadaas
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Doriana Misceo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Frengen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels mediate a specific form of Ca(2+) influx called store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) that contributes to the function of many cell types. CRAC channels are composed of ORAI1 proteins located in the plasma membrane, which form its ion-conducting pore. ORAI1 channels are activated by stromal interaction molecule (STIM) 1 and STIM2 located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Loss- and gain-of-function gene mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 in human patients cause distinct disease syndromes. CRAC channelopathy is caused by loss-of-function mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 that abolish CRAC channel function and SOCE; it is characterized by severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-like disease, autoimmunity, muscular hypotonia, and ectodermal dysplasia, with defects in sweat gland function and dental enamel formation. The latter defect emphasizes an important role of CRAC channels in tooth development. By contrast, autosomal dominant gain-of-function mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 result in constitutive CRAC channel activation, SOCE, and increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels that are associated with an overlapping spectrum of diseases, including nonsyndromic tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM) and York platelet and Stormorken syndromes. The latter two syndromes are defined, besides myopathy, by thrombocytopenia, thrombopathy, and bleeding diathesis. The fact that myopathy results from both loss- and gain-of-function mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 highlights the importance of CRAC channels for Ca(2+) homeostasis in skeletal muscle function. The cellular dysfunction and clinical disease spectrum observed in mutant patients provide important information about the molecular regulation of ORAI1 and STIM1 proteins and the role of CRAC channels in human physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo S Lacruz
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Morin G, Bruechle NO, Singh AR, Knopp C, Jedraszak G, Elbracht M, Brémond-Gignac D, Hartmann K, Sevestre H, Deutz P, Hérent D, Nürnberg P, Roméo B, Konrad K, Mathieu-Dramard M, Oldenburg J, Bourges-Petit E, Shen Y, Zerres K, Ouadid-Ahidouch H, Rochette J. Gain-of-Function Mutation in STIM1 (P.R304W) Is Associated with Stormorken Syndrome. Hum Mutat 2015; 35:1221-32. [PMID: 25044882 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stormorken syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a phenotype that includes miosis, thrombocytopenia/thrombocytopathy with bleeding time diathesis, intellectual disability, mild hypocalcemia, muscle fatigue, asplenia, and ichthyosis. Using targeted sequencing and whole-exome sequencing, we identified the c.910C > T transition in a STIM1 allele (p.R304W) only in patients and not in their unaffected family members. STIM1 encodes stromal interaction molecule 1 protein (STIM1), which is a finely tuned endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) sensor. The effect of the mutation on the structure of STIM1 was investigated by molecular modeling, and its effect on function was explored by calcium imaging experiments. Results obtained from calcium imaging experiments using transfected cells together with fibroblasts from one patient are in agreement with impairment of calcium homeostasis. We show that the STIM1 p.R304W variant may affect the conformation of the inhibitory helix and unlock the inhibitory state of STIM1. The p.R304W mutation causes a gain of function effect associated with an increase in both resting Ca(2+) levels and store-operated calcium entry. Our study provides evidence that Stormorken syndrome may result from a single-gene defect, which is consistent with Mendelian-dominant inheritance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Morin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Genetics, EA 4666, CHU d'Amiens, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Markello T, Chen D, Kwan JY, Horkayne-Szakaly I, Morrison A, Simakova O, Maric I, Lozier J, Cullinane AR, Kilo T, Meister L, Pakzad K, Bone W, Chainani S, Lee E, Links A, Boerkoel C, Fischer R, Toro C, White JG, Gahl WA, Gunay-Aygun M. York platelet syndrome is a CRAC channelopathy due to gain-of-function mutations in STIM1. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 114:474-82. [PMID: 25577287 PMCID: PMC4355183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.12.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry is the major route of replenishment of intracellular Ca(2+) in animal cells in response to the depletion of Ca(2+) stores in the endoplasmic reticulum. It is primarily mediated by the Ca(2+)-selective release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel, which consists of the pore-forming subunits ORAI1-3 and the Ca(2+) sensors, STIM1 and STIM2. Recessive loss-of-function mutations in STIM1 or ORAI1 result in immune deficiency and nonprogressive myopathy. Heterozygous gain-of-function mutations in STIM1 cause non-syndromic myopathies as well as syndromic forms of miosis and myopathy with tubular aggregates and Stormorken syndrome; some of these syndromic forms are associated with thrombocytopenia. Increased concentration of Ca(2+) as a result of store-operated Ca(2+) entry is essential for platelet activation. The York Platelet syndrome (YPS) is characterized by thrombocytopenia, striking ultrastructural platelet abnormalities including giant electron-opaque organelles and massive, multilayered target bodies and deficiency of platelet Ca(2+) storage in delta granules. We present clinical and molecular findings in 7 YPS patients from 4 families, demonstrating that YPS patients have a chronic myopathy associated with rimmed vacuoles and heterozygous gain-of-function STIM1 mutations. These findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of STIM1-related human disorders and define the molecular basis of YPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Markello
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dong Chen
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Justin Y Kwan
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | | | - Alan Morrison
- Joint Pathology Center, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Olga Simakova
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irina Maric
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jay Lozier
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew R Cullinane
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tatjana Kilo
- Pediatric Hematology, The Children's Hopsital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Lynn Meister
- Pediatric Hematology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA
| | - Kourosh Pakzad
- Hematopathology, Pathology Consultants of South Broward, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA
| | - William Bone
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sanjay Chainani
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lee
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amanda Links
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cornelius Boerkoel
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Roxanne Fischer
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James G White
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Meral Gunay-Aygun
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Misceo D, Holmgren A, Louch WE, Holme PA, Mizobuchi M, Morales RJ, De Paula AM, Stray-Pedersen A, Lyle R, Dalhus B, Christensen G, Stormorken H, Tjønnfjord GE, Frengen E. A dominant STIM1 mutation causes Stormorken syndrome. Hum Mutat 2014; 35:556-64. [PMID: 24619930 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stormorken syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disease with mild bleeding tendency, thrombocytopathy, thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, asplenia, tubular aggregate myopathy, miosis, headache, and ichthyosis. A heterozygous missense mutation in STIM1 exon 7 (c.910C>T; p.Arg304Trp) (NM_003156.3) was found to segregate with the disease in six Stormorken syndrome patients in four families. Upon sensing Ca(2+) depletion in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, STIM1 undergoes a conformational change enabling it to interact with and open ORAI1, a Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) channel located in the plasma membrane. The STIM1 mutation found in Stormorken syndrome patients is located in the coiled-coil 1 domain, which might play a role in keeping STIM1 inactive. In agreement with a possible gain-of-function mutation in STIM1, blood platelets from patients were in a preactivated state with high exposure of aminophospholipids on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Resting Ca(2+) levels were elevated in platelets from the patients compared with controls, and store-operated Ca(2+) entry was markedly attenuated, further supporting constitutive activity of STIM1 and ORAI1. Thus, our data are compatible with a near-maximal activation of STIM1 in Stormorken syndrome patients. We conclude that the heterozygous mutation c.910C>T causes the complex phenotype that defines this syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doriana Misceo
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|