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Finsterhölzl A, Müller J, Gaum S, Henrich M, Bauer N. [Cytologic evidence of hepatocytotropic T-cell-lymphoma in a 15-year-old male cat]. TIERARZTLICHE PRAXIS. AUSGABE K, KLEINTIERE/HEIMTIERE 2023; 51:422-429. [PMID: 38056480 DOI: 10.1055/a-2202-3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
This case report describes the rare phenomenon of emperipolesis-like invasion of lymphatic blasts into the hepatocytes of a 15-year-old European Shorthair cat. The cat presented with nonspecific clinical signs (inappetence and weight loss). Cytologic examination of an ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirate of the liver showed a subset of hepatocytes with emperipolesis-like invasion by lymphatic blasts. Few extracellularly located lymphatic blasts exhibited erythrophagia. Following the cytological diagnosis of large cell lymphoma and 2 weeks of monotherapy with prednisolone, the patient was euthanized due to his poor general condition. A post-mortem sample was obtained from the liver to confirm the suspected cytological diagnosis of hepatocytotropic lymphoma. Histopathology subsequently confirmed the cytologic findings. Immunohistochemically, the lymphatic blasts were positive for CD3 leading to a diagnosis of hepatocytotropic T-cell-lymphoma, which has rarely been described so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Finsterhölzl
- Klinikum Veterinärmedizin, klinische Laboratoriumsdiagnostik und klinische Pathophysiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
| | - Janina Müller
- Institut für Veterinär-Pathologie, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
| | | | - Manfred Henrich
- Institut für Veterinär-Pathologie, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
| | - Natali Bauer
- Klinikum Veterinärmedizin, klinische Laboratoriumsdiagnostik und klinische Pathophysiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
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2
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Matsuu A, Hatai H, Hifumi T, Hamakubo E, Take M, Tanaka T, Momoi Y, Endo Y, Koyoshi A, Kamikubo Y, Kamatsuki R, Kurusu N, Tabata H, Matsuyama H, Yanaidani M, Kawabata M, Kawabata T. Clinical and Pathological Findings in Fatal Cases of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome With High Viremia in Cats. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 52:100756. [PMID: 36586577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTSV causes severe symptoms both in humans and cats. In this study, we report the clinical and pathological findings of 4 fatal cases of cats with high SFTS viremia levels. These cats showed an acute onset of fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and increased serum amyloid A and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. A high viral copy number was detected in the blood, oral swabs, rectal swabs, conjunctiva swabs, and urine. Histopathologically, necrotizing lymphadenitis, splenitis with lymphoblastoid cell proliferation, and hemophagocytosis were observed in all 4 cats. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of SFTSV antigen on lymphoblastoid B cells. SFTSV-RNA was detected in systemic tissues, including the brain. The present findings provide useful information for understanding the features of fatal SFTS in cats. To elucidate the mechanisms of severe progress of SFTS cats, as well as its role as a source of human infection, further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Matsuu
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Hatai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hifumi
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Emu Hamakubo
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Maho Take
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanaka
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Momoi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan; Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Endo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ai Koyoshi
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuka Kamikubo
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Raye Kamatsuki
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kurusu
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Haruna Tabata
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Mei Yanaidani
- Kawabata animal medical center, Kirishima, Kagoshima, Japan
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Ii T, Chambers JK, Segawa K, Uchida K. Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma with hepatocytotropism in a cat. JFMS Open Rep 2021; 7:20551169211005914. [PMID: 33959376 PMCID: PMC8060769 DOI: 10.1177/20551169211005914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 14-year 3-month-old spayed female mixed-breed cat presented with jaundice,
anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Haemophagocytic syndrome associated with
lymphoma was suspected after cytological examination of the spleen. Despite
treatment with prednisolone, L-asparaginase and nimustine, the cat died 176
days after the initial presentation. Necropsy revealed splenomegaly and
hepatomegaly, without lymphadenopathy. Histopathologically, neoplastic
lymphoid cells infiltrated the hepatic sinusoid and splenic sinus. The
neoplastic lymphoid cells showed marked hepatocytotropism and contained
erythrocytes, which was also confirmed by electron microscopy.
Immunohistochemically, neoplastic lymphoid cells were positive for CD3, TIA1
(GMP-17) and granzyme B, and negative for CD8, CD20, CD56, CD57, CD79a and
Iba1. Based on these findings, the cat was diagnosed with hepatosplenic
T-cell lymphoma (HS-TCL) with hepatocytotropism. Relevance and novel information This case shows cytotoxic immunophenotype of HS-TCL in a cat, which has not
been demonstrated before. Severe hepatocytotropism and haemophagocytosis of
the neoplastic cells were likely to be associated with jaundice and anaemia,
respectively, and the poor outcome of the present case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhito Ii
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James K Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Segawa
- Sagamihara Animal Medical Centre, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Campbell E, de Linde Henriksen M, Sharkey L, Ritt M, Duckett M. Pathology in Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 256:1327-1330. [PMID: 32459592 DOI: 10.2460/javma.256.12.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Okonkowski LK, Newman RG, Piperisova I. Pathology in Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 255:1237-1239. [PMID: 31730433 DOI: 10.2460/javma.255.11.1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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de Oliveira Conrado F, Stern JK, Griffin FC. What is your diagnosis? Peripheral blood smear and splenic fine-needle aspirate from a cat. Vet Clin Pathol 2020; 49:367-370. [PMID: 31957049 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco de Oliveira Conrado
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, & Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jere K Stern
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, & Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Francesca C Griffin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Winzelberg Olson S, Hohenhaus AE. Feline non-regenerative anemia: Diagnostic and treatment recommendations. J Feline Med Surg 2019; 21:615-631. [PMID: 31234748 PMCID: PMC10814193 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x19856178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE Non-regenerative anemia, or anemia with reticulocytopenia, is a daily diagnosis in feline practice. CLINICAL CHALLENGES The disease processes underlying non-regenerative anemia are many and diverse. A major diagnostic evaluation may be required to correctly diagnose and treat the underlying cause. AUDIENCE All veterinarians caring for cats will face the diagnostic and therapeutic challenge of non-regenerative anemia. Readers will benefit from the review of diagnostic testing and therapeutic options for non-regenerative anemia. EVIDENCE BASE This review summarizes the currently available literature informing diagnostic and treatment recommendations related to non-regenerative anemia. The evidence available to support the recommendations in this review is graded as low and includes predominantly expert opinion, case reports and cases series, on which the authors' interpretation/consensus is based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Winzelberg Olson
- DVM, Diplomate ACVIM (Oncology and Small Animal Internal Medicine) Animal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ann E Hohenhaus
- DVM, Diplomate ACVIM (Oncology and Small Animal Internal Medicine) Animal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Mochizuki H, Sherrick E, Mastromauro M, Stowe DM. What is your diagnosis? Lymphocytes engulfing erythrocytes in a cat. Vet Clin Pathol 2019; 48:768-770. [PMID: 31254288 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mochizuki
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ellen Sherrick
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael Mastromauro
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Devorah Marks Stowe
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Abstract
Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a clinicopathological entity characterized by histiocytic proliferation, with marked hemophagocytosis in the reticuloendothelial organs. HPS caused by lymphoma is termed lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (LAHS), and there are few reports on canine and feline LAHS. The objective of this study was to examine the clinical, diagnostic, and clinicopathologic features of LAHS in six dogs. The diagnostic criteria of LAHS consisted of lymphoma, bicytopenia or pancytopenia in the blood, and increased hemophagocytosis in the reticuloendothelial organs. In one dog, an ocular form of lymphoma was recognized. A splenic form was recognized in two dogs, and a hepatosplenic form was recognized in three dogs. Immunophenotyping revealed T-cell origin in five dogs and B-cell origin in one dog by polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement analysis. Nonspecific esterase stain was performed to differentiate between neoplastic lymphocytes and hemophagocytes. All five dogs with T-cell lymphoma were diagnosed with large granular lymphocyte (LGL) lymphoma. In three cases, palliative therapy with glucocorticoids was conducted, while the other three cases received chemotherapy as well. The survival times for the three dogs with glucocorticoids only were 6, 6, and 10 days and were 30, 54, and 68 days for the three treated with anticancer therapy. The median survival time for the dogs was 20 days. This report indicates that canine LAHS is likely to be caused by LGL lymphoma, and it has an aggressive behavior and poor general prognosis, as seen in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Suwa
- Sanyo Animal Medical Center, 357-1 Komoto, Akaiwa, Okayama 709-0821, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shimoda
- Sanyo Animal Medical Center, 357-1 Komoto, Akaiwa, Okayama 709-0821, Japan
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Heinrich D, Sturos M, Smith K, Vernau W, Overmann J. What is your diagnosis? Liver aspirate from a cat. Vet Clin Pathol 2016; 45:513-4. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heinrich
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN USA
| | - Matthew Sturos
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN USA
| | - Kristin Smith
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN USA
| | - William Vernau
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California-Davis; Davis CA USA
| | - Jed Overmann
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN USA
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11
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Barger AM, Skowronski MC, MacNeill AL. Cytologic identification of erythrophagocytic neoplasms in dogs. Vet Clin Pathol 2012; 41:587-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2012.00472.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa C. Skowronski
- Veterinary Clinical Medicine; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Illinois; Urbana; IL; USA
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12
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Childress MO. Hematologic Abnormalities in the Small Animal Cancer Patient. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2012; 42:123-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Have we reached a turning point in the diagnosis and treatment of canine lymphoma? Vet J 2010; 188:5-6. [PMID: 21051246 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Avery A. Molecular diagnostics of hematologic malignancies. Top Companion Anim Med 2009; 24:144-50. [PMID: 19732733 DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies, particularly lymphoma and leukemia, are a diverse group of diseases with a myriad of different presentations. Although the diagnosis of these diseases can be straightforward, there are many cases in which the diagnosis is difficult to establish with conventional methods. Molecular diagnostic testing to identify oncogenes and clonal lymphocyte populations can aid in resolving ambiguous cases, and several of these tests are routinely available for canine patients. Sensitive polymerase chain reaction-based methods are also useful for answering a variety of research questions. Here, detection of mutations of the c-kit gene in mast cell tumors, the bcr-abl fusion gene in myelogenous leukemias, and clonality of lymphocyte populations for the diagnosis and monitoring of lymphoma and leukemia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Avery
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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