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Köşker CF, Alparğan RE, Coşkuner MA, Köker G, Başgöz BB. The assessment of the relationship between anticholinergic burden and short-term blood pressure variability. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2025; 26:113. [PMID: 40437537 PMCID: PMC12117873 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-025-00952-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2025] [Accepted: 05/21/2025] [Indexed: 06/01/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationship between short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) and anticholinergic burden (ACB) in adults with hypertension. METHODS This study included 238 hypertensive patients aged 50 and older who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The medications used by the patients were recorded, and the ACB of each medication was calculated using the ACB Scale. The BPV was assessed based on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurements using three methods: standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation of the standard deviation (SD-CoV), and weighted standard deviation (wSD), with evaluations conducted for both day-time and night-time periods. RESULTS A total of 139 patients (58.40%) had no ACB score, 64 (26.89%) had an ACB score of 1, and 35 (14.71%) had an ACB score of 2 or higher. ACB scores were significantly higher among patients with heart disease, and ACB tended to increase with age. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between ACB and mean blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure dips, or any parameters of short-term BPV including Sd, SD-CoV and wSD. CONCLUSION No significant association was found between ACB and short-term BPV. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate this relationship, which may inspire further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevdet Furkan Köşker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gülhane School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reşit Emre Alparğan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gülhane School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Ali Coşkuner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antalya State Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Köker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Bilgin Bahadır Başgöz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gülhane School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antalya State Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey.
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2
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Mishra S, Garg P, Trivedi M, Srivastava P. Multiple system biology approaches reveals the role of the hsa-miR-21 in increasing risk of neurological disorders in patients suffering from hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2025:10.1038/s41371-025-01027-3. [PMID: 40389629 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-025-01027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2025] [Accepted: 05/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/21/2025]
Abstract
Hypertension is a prevalent disease that substantially elevates the risk of neurological disorders such as dementia, stroke and Parkinson's disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression related to brain function and disorders. Understanding the involvement of miRNAs in these conditions could provide new insights into potential therapeutic targets. The main objective of this study is to target and investigate microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with neurological disorders in patients suffering from hypertension. The genes involved in hypertension were identified from various databases including GeneCard, MalaCard, DisGeNet, OMIM & GEO2R. The key gene for hypertension was identified using a systems biology approach. Also, potent phytochemical for hypertension was determined by computer-aided drug-designing approach. Functional miRNAs were determined for the key target gene using miRNet analytics platform by hypergeometric tests. Further, the gene-miRNA interaction was determined and enrichment analysis was done. RPS27A was identified as a key target gene for hypertension. Naringenin showed effective molecular interaction with RPS27A with a binding energy score (-6.28). Further, a list of miRNAs which were targeting brain disorders was determined from miRNet. A gene-miRNA network was constructed using the PSRR tool for Parkinson's Disease, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Acute Cerebral Infarction, ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma, & Ependymoma. Further, miRNA 21 & miRNA 16 were found to be associated with four of the neurological disorders. The study identifies specific miRNAs that may serve as potential biomarkers for brain disorders in hypertensive patients. Targeting these miRNAs could open new avenues for therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating neurological damage in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Mishra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India
| | - Prekshi Garg
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India
| | - Mala Trivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India.
| | - Prachi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India.
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3
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Muszka Z, Jenei V, Mácsik R, Mezhonova E, Diyab S, Csősz R, Bácsi A, Mázló A, Koncz G. Life-threatening risk factors contribute to the development of diseases with the highest mortality through the induction of regulated necrotic cell death. Cell Death Dis 2025; 16:273. [PMID: 40216765 PMCID: PMC11992264 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-025-07563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025]
Abstract
Chronic diseases affecting the cardiovascular system, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and various other organ-specific conditions, involve different underlying pathological processes. However, they share common risk factors that contribute to the development and progression of these diseases, including air pollution, hypertension, obesity, high cholesterol levels, smoking and alcoholism. In this review, we aim to explore the connection between four types of diseases with different etiologies and various risk factors. We highlight that the presence of risk factors induces regulated necrotic cell death, leading to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), ultimately resulting in sterile inflammation. Therefore, DAMP-mediated inflammation may be the link explaining how risk factors can lead to the development and maintenance of chronic diseases. To explore these processes, we summarize the main cell death pathways activated by the most common life-threatening risk factors, the types of released DAMPs and how these events are associated with the pathophysiology of diseases with the highest mortality. Various risk factors, such as smoking, air pollution, alcoholism, hypertension, obesity, and high cholesterol levels induce regulated necrosis. Subsequently, the release of DAMPs leads to chronic inflammation, which increases the risk of many diseases, including those with the highest mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Muszka
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Jenei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rebeka Mácsik
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Evgeniya Mezhonova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Silina Diyab
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Réka Csősz
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anett Mázló
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Koncz
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem square 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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4
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Rob M, Yousef M, Lakshmanan AP, Mahboob A, Terranegra A, Chaari A. Microbial signatures and therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2025; 184:117905. [PMID: 39933444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), arise from complex interactions between genetic factors, environmental exposures, and aging. Additionally, gut dysbiosis has been linked to systemic inflammation and neurodegeneration. Advances in microbiome and metabolome profiling techniques have provided deeper insights into how alterations in gut microbiota and dietary patterns affect metabolic pathways and contribute to the progression of NDs. This review explores the profiles of gut microbiome and metabolome derived biomarkers and their roles in NDs. Across phyla, families, and genera, we identified 55 microbial alterations in PD, 24 in AD, 4 in ALS, and 17 in MS. Some notable results include an increase in Akkermansia in PD, AD, and MS and a decrease in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in PD and AD. We examined the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplants (FMT), sleep, exercise, and diet on the microbiota, all of which contributed to delayed onset and alleviation of symptoms. Further, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms applied to omics data have been crucial in identifying novel therapeutic targets, diagnosing and predicting prognosis, and enabling personalized medicine using microbiota-modulating therapies in NDs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mlaak Rob
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Education city, P.O.Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Yousef
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Education city, P.O.Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Anns Mahboob
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Education city, P.O.Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Annalisa Terranegra
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Education city, P.O.Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Chaari
- Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Education city, P.O.Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
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5
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Wan J, Liu J, Pan J, Fu L, He D, Yao Y, He Y, Chen K. Correlation between intradialytic blood pressure variability and cognitive impairment in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. BMC Nephrol 2025; 26:91. [PMID: 39987056 PMCID: PMC11846409 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between intradialytic blood pressure variability (BPV) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients is currently unclear. Our present study aimed to illustrate the correlation between intra-dialysis BPV and CI in MHD patients. METHODS Intradialytic SBP within 3 months before cognitive assessment of the patients were collected as baseline data and averaged as final data. The intradialytic SBP was converted to the following 4 candidate short-term BPV indices: standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), average real variability (ARV), RANGE. Overall cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale. RESULTS The study finally enrolled 170 patients with 6662 dialysis records and 26,580 SBP measurements. The mean age of the patients was 57.99 years, the MCI prevalence was 78.24%. Intradialytic SBP ARV (average real variability) was notably higher in patients with MCI than in the non-MCI (NMCI) group (8.91 vs. 7.60, P = 0.042), but there was no statistical difference in the mean SBP and other BPV indices between the two groups. There was a non-linear relationship between SBP ARV and MCI, and the inflection point of SBP ARV was 7.52. CONCLUSION Our study found that high SBP ARV was closely associated with MCI, indicating that high SBP ARV may act as an indicator of MCI in MHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Daping hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, No. 10, Changjiang Road, Daping, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Kidney Diseases, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Daping hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, No. 10, Changjiang Road, Daping, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Kidney Diseases, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Chongqing Hikvision System Technology Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 400020, China
| | - Lili Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Daping hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, No. 10, Changjiang Road, Daping, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Kidney Diseases, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dandan He
- Department of Nephrology, Daping hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, No. 10, Changjiang Road, Daping, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Kidney Diseases, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaru Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Kidney Diseases, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yani He
- Department of Nephrology, Daping hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, No. 10, Changjiang Road, Daping, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Kidney Diseases, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Kehong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Daping hospital, Army Medical Center of PLA, No. 10, Changjiang Road, Daping, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Kidney Diseases, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Lohman T, Sible I, Engstrom AC, Kapoor A, Shenasa F, Head E, Sordo L, Alitin JPM, Gaubert A, Nguyen A, Rodgers KE, Bradford D, Nation DA. Beat-to-beat blood pressure variability, hippocampal atrophy, and memory impairment in older adults. GeroScience 2025; 47:993-1003. [PMID: 39098984 PMCID: PMC11872826 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) predicts age-related hippocampal atrophy, neurodegeneration, and memory decline in older adults. Beat-to-beat BPV may represent a more reliable and efficient tool for prospective risk assessment, but it is unknown whether beat-to-beat BPV is similarly associated with hippocampal neurodegeneration, or with plasma markers of neuroaxonal/neuroglial injury. Independently living older adults without a history of dementia, stroke, or other major neurological disorders were recruited from the community (N = 104; age = 69.5 ± 6.7 (range 55-89); 63% female). Participants underwent continuous blood pressure monitoring, brain MRI, venipuncture, and cognitive testing over two visits. Hippocampal volumes, plasma neurofilament light, and glial fibrillary acidic protein levels were assessed. Beat-to-beat BPV was quantified as systolic blood pressure average real variability during 7-min of supine continuous blood pressure monitoring. The cross-sectional relationship between beat-to-beat BPV and hippocampal volumes, cognitive domain measures, and plasma biomarkers was assessed using multiple linear regression with adjustment for demographic covariates, vascular risk factors, and average systolic blood pressure. Elevated beat-to-beat BPV was associated with decreased left hippocampal volume (P = .008), increased plasma concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (P = .006), and decreased memory composite score (P = .02), independent of age, sex, average systolic blood pressure, total intracranial volume, and vascular risk factor burden. In summary, beat-to-beat BPV is independently associated with decreased left hippocampal volume, increased neuroglial injury, and worse memory ability. Findings are consistent with prior studies examining visit-to-visit BPV and suggest beat-to-beat BPV may be a useful marker of hemodynamic brain injury in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Lohman
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Isabel Sible
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Allison C Engstrom
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Arunima Kapoor
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fatemah Shenasa
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lorena Sordo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - John Paul M Alitin
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aimee Gaubert
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy Nguyen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen E Rodgers
- Center for Innovations in Brain Science, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David Bradford
- Center for Innovations in Brain Science, Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel A Nation
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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7
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Guevara-Ramírez P, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Cadena-Ullauri S, Ruiz-Pozo V, Paz-Cruz E, Annunziata G, Verde L, Frias-Toral E, Simancas-Racines D, Zambrano AK. Heavy metals in the diet: unraveling the molecular pathways linked to neurodegenerative disease risk. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2024; 35. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2024.2434457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/03/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Giuseppe Annunziata
- Facoltà di Scienze Umane, della Formazione e dello Sport, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
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8
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Clarke AJ, Brodtmann A, Irish M, Mowszowski L, Radford K, Naismith SL, Mok VC, Kiernan MC, Halliday GM, Ahmed RM. Risk factors for the neurodegenerative dementias in the Western Pacific region. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 50:101051. [PMID: 39399869 PMCID: PMC11471060 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
The Western Pacific Region (WPR) is characterized by a group of socioeconomically, culturally, and geopolitically heterogenous countries and represents a microcosm of the global endemic of neurodegeneration. This review will chart the known risk factors for dementia across the WPR. We explore the intersection between the established risk factors for dementia including the biomedical and lifestyle (cardiovascular and metabolic disease, sleep, hearing loss, depression, alcohol, smoking, traumatic brain injury, genetics) and social determinants (social disadvantage, limited education, systemic racism) as well as incorporate neuroimaging data, where available, to predict disease progression in the WPR. In doing so, we highlight core risk factors for dementia in the WPR, as well as geographical epicentres at heightened risk for dementia, to orient future research towards addressing these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia J. Clarke
- Department of Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| | - Amy Brodtmann
- Department of Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| | - Muireann Irish
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Loren Mowszowski
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kylie Radford
- Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031 Australia
| | - Sharon L. Naismith
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
| | | | - Matthew C. Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Glenda M. Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Rebekah M. Ahmed
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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9
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Valotto Neto LJ, Reverete de Araujo M, Moretti Junior RC, Mendes Machado N, Joshi RK, dos Santos Buglio D, Barbalho Lamas C, Direito R, Fornari Laurindo L, Tanaka M, Barbalho SM. Investigating the Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review Focused on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38671841 PMCID: PMC11047749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aging of the global population has increased the prevalence of neurodegenerative conditions. Bacopa monnieri (BM), an herb with active compounds, such as bacosides A and B, betulinic acid, loliolide, asiatic acid, and quercetin, demonstrates the potential for brain health. Limited research has been conducted on the therapeutic applications of BM in neurodegenerative conditions. This systematic review aims to project BM's beneficial role in brain disorders. BM has anti-apoptotic and antioxidant actions and can repair damaged neurons, stimulate kinase activity, restore synaptic function, improve nerve transmission, and increase neuroprotection. The included twenty-two clinical trials demonstrated that BM can reduce Nuclear Factor-κB phosphorylation, improve emotional function, cognitive functions, anhedonia, hyperactivity, sleep routine, depression, attention deficit, learning problems, memory retention, impulsivity, and psychiatric problems. Moreover, BM can reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress. Here, we highlight that BM provides notable therapeutic benefits and can serve as a complementary approach for the care of patients with neurodegenerative conditions associated with brain disorders. This review adds to the growing interest in natural products and their potential therapeutic applications by improving our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cognitive function and neurodegeneration and informing the development of new therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz José Valotto Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
- Department of Education, Government of Uttarakhand, Nainital 263001, India;
| | - Matheus Reverete de Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Renato Cesar Moretti Junior
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Nathalia Mendes Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Rakesh Kumar Joshi
- Department of Education, Government of Uttarakhand, Nainital 263001, India;
| | - Daiane dos Santos Buglio
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
| | - Caroline Barbalho Lamas
- Department of Gerontology, School of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
| | - Rosa Direito
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy de Farmácia, University of Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical School of Marilia (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged (HUN-REN-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (L.J.V.N.); (M.R.d.A.); (R.C.M.J.); (N.M.M.); (D.d.S.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
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Hurvitz N, Ilan Y. The Constrained-Disorder Principle Assists in Overcoming Significant Challenges in Digital Health: Moving from "Nice to Have" to Mandatory Systems. Clin Pract 2023; 13:994-1014. [PMID: 37623270 PMCID: PMC10453547 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13040089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of artificial intelligence depends on whether it can penetrate the boundaries of evidence-based medicine, the lack of policies, and the resistance of medical professionals to its use. The failure of digital health to meet expectations requires rethinking some of the challenges faced. We discuss some of the most significant challenges faced by patients, physicians, payers, pharmaceutical companies, and health systems in the digital world. The goal of healthcare systems is to improve outcomes. Assisting in diagnosing, collecting data, and simplifying processes is a "nice to have" tool, but it is not essential. Many of these systems have yet to be shown to improve outcomes. Current outcome-based expectations and economic constraints make "nice to have," "assists," and "ease processes" insufficient. Complex biological systems are defined by their inherent disorder, bounded by dynamic boundaries, as described by the constrained disorder principle (CDP). It provides a platform for correcting systems' malfunctions by regulating their degree of variability. A CDP-based second-generation artificial intelligence system provides solutions to some challenges digital health faces. Therapeutic interventions are held to improve outcomes with these systems. In addition to improving clinically meaningful endpoints, CDP-based second-generation algorithms ensure patient and physician engagement and reduce the health system's costs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaron Ilan
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, POB 1200, Jerusalem IL91120, Israel;
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