1
|
Dong D, Yu X, Liu H, Xu J, Guo J, Guo W, Li X, Wang F, Zhang D, Liu K, Sun Y. Study of immunosenescence in the occurrence and immunotherapy of gastrointestinal malignancies. Semin Cancer Biol 2025; 111:16-35. [PMID: 39929408 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2025] [Accepted: 01/26/2025] [Indexed: 02/25/2025]
Abstract
In human beings heterogenous, pervasive and lethal malignancies of different parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract viz., tumours of the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, and rectum, represent gastrointestinal malignancies. Primary treatment modality for gastric cancer includes chemotherapy, surgical interventions, radiotherapy, monoclonal antibodies and inhibitors of angiogenesis. However, there is a need to improve upon the existing treatment modality due to associated adverse events and the development of resistance towards treatment. Additionally, age has been found to contribute to increasing the incidence of tumours due to immunosenescence-associated immunosuppression. Immunosenescence is the natural process of ageing, wherein immune cells as well as organs begin to deteriorate resulting in a dysfunctional or malfunctioning immune system. Accretion of senescent cells in immunosenescence results in the creation of a persistent inflammatory environment or inflammaging, marked with elevated expression of pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokines and chemokines. Perturbation in the T-cell pools and persistent stimulation by the antigens facilitate premature senility of the immune cells, and senile immune cells exacerbate inflammaging conditions and the inefficiency of the immune system to identify the tumour antigen. Collectively, these conditions contribute positively towards tumour generation, growth and eventually proliferation. Thus, activating the immune cells to distinguish the tumour cells from normal cells and invade them seems to be a logical strategy for the treatment of cancer. Consequently, various approaches to immunotherapy, viz., programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors etc are being extensively evaluated for their efficiency in gastric cancer. In fact, PD-1 inhibitors have been sanctioned as late late-line therapy modality for gastric cancer. The present review will focus on deciphering the link between the immune system and gastric cancer, and the alterations in the immune system that incur during the development of gastrointestinal malignancies. Also, the mechanism of evasion by tumour cells and immune checkpoints involved along with different approaches of immunotherapy being evaluated in different clinical trials will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daosong Dong
- Department of Pain, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in the Universities of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Jiayan Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Dongyong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Kaiwei Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yanbin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barba A, López-Vilaró L, Ferre M, Martinez-Recio S, Majem M, Sullivan I, Salazar J. CD274 ( PD-L1) Polymorphisms as Predictors of Efficacy in First-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:4245. [PMID: 40362483 PMCID: PMC12072405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26094245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2025] [Revised: 04/22/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
The cornerstone of first-line treatment in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is platinum- and etoposide-based chemotherapy. Platinum compounds could immunomodulate the tumor microenvironment in addition to their cytotoxic effect. Genetic variation in immune checkpoint (IC) pathways may predict chemotherapy efficacy. Polymorphisms in the IC genes were determined, and their association with survival was analyzed in 78 patients with ES-SCLC treated with chemotherapy. PD-L1 protein expression in tumor tissue was determined. Three variants in CD274 were associated with better median progression-free survival (mPFS): rs2297136 (hazard ratio [HR] 0.52, 95% CI 0.29-0.93; p = 0.03), rs2282055 (HR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09-0.64; p = 0.005), and rs822336 (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23-0.73; p = 0.002). CTLA4 rs231775 was also associated with mPFS (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14-0.63; p = 0.002). The variants CD274 rs2297136 and CD274 rs822336 were associated with platinum sensitivity (odds ratio [OR] 0.13, 95% CI 0.02-0.70; p = 0.02, and OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01-0.46; p = 0.005, respectively). CD274 rs2297136 was also associated with better overall survival (p = 0.02), but not after adjustment for covariates. No association was found between CD274 germline variants and PD-L1 tumor expression. Our results suggest that CD274 and CTLA4 variants may be predictive biomarkers for platinum plus etoposide treatment in ES-SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Barba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (S.M.-R.); (M.M.); (I.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura López-Vilaró
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.L.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - Malena Ferre
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.L.-V.); (M.F.)
| | - Sergio Martinez-Recio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (S.M.-R.); (M.M.); (I.S.)
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Majem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (S.M.-R.); (M.M.); (I.S.)
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivana Sullivan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.B.); (S.M.-R.); (M.M.); (I.S.)
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliana Salazar
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Córdoba-Lanús E, García-Pérez O, Melgar-Vilaplana L, Domínguez-de-Barros A, Fernández-de-Misa R. Germline PDCDL1 Gene Variants Are Associated with Increased Primary Melanoma Thickness. Biomolecules 2025; 15:584. [PMID: 40305358 PMCID: PMC12024702 DOI: 10.3390/biom15040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2025] [Revised: 04/05/2025] [Accepted: 04/10/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of malignant melanoma (MM) continues to increase annually, and tumour invasiveness is a main prognostic factor. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have become key tools in the study of cancer genetics, influencing susceptibility and prognosis. Methods: In the present study, we analysed the relationship between five SNPs on the PDCDL1 gene (rs822336, rs822337, rs822338, rs229736, rs4143815) with prognosis as well as primary tumour invasiveness characteristics in 377 whole blood samples from MM individuals. Results: Patients who presented the rs822336 CG or GG genotypes (OR = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.53-5.92; p = 0.0017), TA or TT in rs822337 (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.22-4.93; p = 0.0098), and CT or CC of rs822338 (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.05-4.73; p = 0.028) were at an increased risk of developing invasive melanomas. Cases with the AG or GG genotype in rs2297136 presented a lower risk (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.11-0.75; p = 0.0038) of invasive MM. The genetic analysis at the haplotype level resulted in similar findings (OR: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.08-8.10), p = 0.036). Furthermore, patients carrying the homozygous AA genotype in rs2297136 had thicker tumours than those harbouring the AG or GG (1.4 mm vs. 1.0 and 0.8 mm; p = 0.030). No significant association was found between the studied SNPs and melanoma-specific survival (MSS) nor progression-free survival (PFS). Conclusions: Current results suggest that SNPs rs822336, rs822337, rs822338, and rs2297136 genotypes in the PDCDL1 gene are associated with the risk of tumour invasiveness and tumour thickness in MM. Further studies on SNPs considering genetic and epigenetic factors are needed for a better understanding of malignant melanoma susceptibility and its prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Sánchez, s/n, 38296 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (O.G.-P.)
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Omar García-Pérez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Sánchez, s/n, 38296 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (O.G.-P.)
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Melgar-Vilaplana
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Ctra. Gral. del Rosario, 145, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Angélica Domínguez-de-Barros
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Sánchez, s/n, 38296 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (O.G.-P.)
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Fernández-de-Misa
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Ctra. Gral. del Rosario, 145, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Ctra. Gral. del Rosario, 145, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Psychiatry, Universidad de La Laguna, 38071 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miliotis C, Ma Y, Katopodi XL, Karagkouni D, Kanata E, Mattioli K, Kalavros N, Pita-Juárez YH, Batalini F, Ramnarine VR, Nanda S, Slack FJ, Vlachos IS. Determinants of gastric cancer immune escape identified from non-coding immune-landscape quantitative trait loci. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4319. [PMID: 38773080 PMCID: PMC11109163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The landscape of non-coding mutations in cancer progression and immune evasion is largely unexplored. Here, we identify transcrptome-wide somatic and germline 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) variants from 375 gastric cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas. By performing gene expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and immune landscape QTL (ilQTL) analysis, we discover 3'-UTR variants with cis effects on expression and immune landscape phenotypes, such as immune cell infiltration and T cell receptor diversity. Using a massively parallel reporter assay, we distinguish between causal and correlative effects of 3'-UTR eQTLs in immune-related genes. Our approach identifies numerous 3'-UTR eQTLs and ilQTLs, providing a unique resource for the identification of immunotherapeutic targets and biomarkers. A prioritized ilQTL variant signature predicts response to immunotherapy better than standard-of-care PD-L1 expression in independent patient cohorts, showcasing the untapped potential of non-coding mutations in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Miliotis
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Program in Virology, Harvard University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuling Ma
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xanthi-Lida Katopodi
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dimitra Karagkouni
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Center & Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleni Kanata
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaia Mattioli
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolas Kalavros
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Spatial Technologies Unit, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yered H Pita-Juárez
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Felipe Batalini
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Varune R Ramnarine
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shivani Nanda
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Center & Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Center & Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ioannis S Vlachos
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cancer Center & Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Spatial Technologies Unit, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu P, Zhang Y, Lyu Y, Chen J, Jiang Y, Xiang J, Liu B, Wu C. MiRNA polymorphisms affect the prognosis of gastric cancer: insights from Xianyou, Fujian. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1355270. [PMID: 38817897 PMCID: PMC11138161 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1355270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer, characterized by high incidence and substantial disease burden, has drawn continuous attention regarding its occurrence and prognosis. Genetics plays a crucial role in influencing the prognosis of gastric cancer, and single nucleotide polymorphisms are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and prognosis of this malignant tumor. Our study aims to conduct survival analysis on patients carrying different single nucleotide polymorphisms, exploring the relationship between miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms and the prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods Genetic data from 344 patients in Xianyou, Fujian, formed the basis of our study. We delineated the survival rate and median survival time, utilizing the log-rank test and COX regression analysis as statistical tools. Results Upon stratifying the data by sex or operation, it was discerned that the GG genotype at MSH2 rs17502941 independently posed a heightened risk for gastric cancer. Other stratification analyses suggested that the subsequent single nucleotide polymorphisms were correlated with patient prognosis: rs17502941, rs884225, rs1468063, rs7143252, and rs2271738. Discussion The outcomes of this study strongly suggest that miRNA polymorphisms significantly influence the survival time of gastric cancer patients and can serve as effective predictors for the prognosis of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Lyu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baoying Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuancheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tang K, Wang J, Zhong H, Wang Q, Li Z, Wu C, An R, Lin Y, Tan H, Chen L, Wang M, Chen M. Impact of PD-L1 Gene Polymorphisms and Interactions with Cooking with Solid Fuel Exposure on Tuberculosis. Public Health Genomics 2024; 27:74-82. [PMID: 38735285 DOI: 10.1159/000538904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given that PD-L1 is a crucial immune checkpoint in regulating T-cell responses, the aim of this study was to explore the impact of PD-L1 gene polymorphisms and the interaction with cooking with solid fuel on susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) in Chinese Han populations. METHODS A total of 503 TB patients and 494 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Mass spectrometry technology was applied to genotype rs2297136 and rs4143815 of PD-L1 genes. The associations between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and TB were assessed using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Marginal structural linear odds models were used to estimate the gene-environment interactions. RESULTS Compared with genotype CC, genotypes GG and CG+GG at rs4143815 locus were significantly associated with susceptibility to TB (OR: 3.074 and 1.506, respectively, p < 0.05). However, no statistical association was found between rs2297136 SNP and TB risk. Moreover, the relative excess risk of interaction between rs4143815 of the PD-L1 gene and cooking with solid fuel was 2.365 (95% CI: 1.922-2.809), suggesting positive interactions with TB susceptibility. CONCLUSION The rs4143815 polymorphism of the PD-L1 gene was associated with susceptibility to TB in Chinese Han populations. There were significantly positive interactions between rs4143815 and cooking with solid fuel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Discipline Construction Office, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaozhi Wang
- Hunan Institute of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Changsha, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunli Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rongjing An
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongzhuan Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lizhang Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sakran MI, Alalawy AI, Alharbi AA, El-Hefnawy ME, Alzahrani SM, Alfuraydi A, Alzuaibr FM, Zidan NS, Elsaid AM, Toraih EA, Elshazli RM. The blockage signal for PD-L1/CD274 gene variants and their potential impact on lung carcinoma susceptibility. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111180. [PMID: 37939515 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1/CD274) gene plays a key function in suppressing anti-tumor immunity through binding to its receptor PD-1 on stimulated T lymphocytes. However, robust associations among diverse populations and lung susceptibility remain unclear. The tentative purpose of this research is to investigate whether PD-L1/CD274 polymorphisms modulate susceptibility to lung carcinoma using totalitarian techniques, including genetic analysis, and sophisticated bioinformatic methods. METHODS PD-L1/CD274 (rs822336, rs2297136, and rs4143815) variants were genotyped in 126 lung carcinoma cases and 117 healthy controls using tetra-primer ARMS-PCR. Logistic regression and bioinformatics analyses assessed genetic associations. RESULTS The rs2297136 GA genotype significantly increased lung cancer risk by 3.7-fold versus GG genotype (OR 3.69, 95 % CI 1.39-9.81, p = 0.016), with the minor A allele also increasing risk (OR 1.47, p = 0.044). In contrast, the rs4143815 CC genotype was associated with 70 % decreased cancer risk versus GG (OR 0.30, 95 % CI 0.11-0.87, p = 0.012), although the minor C allele itself was not significant. The rs822336 variant showed no association. Haplotype and multivariate analyses supported these findings. In silico predictions suggested functional impacts on PD-L1 expression and activity. CONCLUSIONS This study identified novel associations between PD-L1/CD274 polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung cancer in Egyptians. The rs2297136 variant increased risk while the rs4143815 variant conferred protection, highlighting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in lung oncogenesis. Replication in larger cohorts and functional studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Sakran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Adel I Alalawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amnah A Alharbi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E El-Hefnawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, Rabigh College of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem M Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alfuraydi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nahla S Zidan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Specific Education, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt
| | - Afaf M Elsaid
- Genetic Unit, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Endocrine and Oncology Division, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Rami M Elshazli
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Common inherited variants of PDCD1, CD274 and HAVCR2 genes differentially modulate the risk and prognosis of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04602-8. [PMID: 36759392 PMCID: PMC10356891 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PDCD1, CD274, and HAVCR2 genes with the risk and outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) subtypes: squamous cell lung cancer (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS TaqMan SNP genotyping assays or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods were used to determine genotypes of: PDCD1: rs36084323, rs7421861, rs11568821, rs2227981, rs10204525; CD274: rs822335, rs10815225, rs17718883, rs2297136, rs4742098, rs4143815; HAVCR2: rs10057302, rs1036199. Among 383 NSCLC patients, 112 were diagnosed with LUAD and 116 with LUSC. The control group consisted of 433 unrelated, cancer-free subjects. RESULTS A CC genotype of rs4143815 and GG genotype of rs4742098 were associated with two times higher risk of developing LUSC (CC vs. GG + GC, OR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.32, 4.06; P = 0.003; GG vs. AA + AG, OR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.17, 4.36; P = 0.016, respectively). Moreover, rs4143815 was an independent predictor of the age at diagnosis of LUAD. The carriers of C allele were diagnosed 4.81 years later (95% CI = 1.47, 8.15; P = 0.006) than patients with the GG genotype. The rs10057302 CA genotype was an independent predictor of overall survival in LUSC (adjusted HR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.93; P = 0.043). NSCLC carriers of rs11568821 T allele had almost double the risk of death (adjusted HR = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.28, 3.29; P = 0.003) compared to carriers of CC genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results provided additional evidence that SNPs of genes for PD-1, PD-L1 and TIM-3 differentially modulate the risk and prognosis of LUSC and LUAD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang W, Cao J, Liu K, Qu Z, Zheng Y, Yu J, Yu Y, Wang Y, Wu W. Non-invasive plasma testing for CD274 UTR structural variations by next-generation sequencing in cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:35. [PMID: 36717553 PMCID: PMC9887064 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01316-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is now the main choice of systemic therapy for many cancer patients, while current biomarkers for tumor immunotherapy may be limited by the accessibility of patient tumor tissue or tumor neoplastic content. Rare mutation in the 5' and 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of CD274 gene (Protein name: PD-L1) has been recently reported in hematologic and solid tumors as a potential biomarker for assessing efficacy during immunotherapy. However, multi-omics analysis for CD274 UTR region, especially circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), have been little explored in the pan-cancer perspective. We developed a cSMART2.0 technology featured with higher capture efficiency and homogeneity to detect this rare structural variant in 2249 Chinese patients' cohort with multiple cancers. An incidence of 0.36% was detected in this cohort, consistent with TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), while the prevalence of SV in CD274 UTR region in liver and breast cancer were significantly higher than TCGA. The liquid biopsy result from ctDNA was 100% concordance with gDNA result getting from tumor tissue detection, and further validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) experiments. Patients carrying this SV in CD274 UTR region without driver gene mutation responded to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This study proves that rare structural variants in CD274 UTR region exist in various cancer in Chinese population for the first time, which can induce immune escape and be used for prediction of response to ICIs. Liquid biopsy based cSMART 2.0 technology could offer more sensitive and accurate detection to navigate potential ICIs patients and to benefit patients with advanced disease when tissue samples are not available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian Cao
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Qu
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Yishan Yu
- grid.410587.fDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wendy Wu
- Berry Oncology Corporation, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) polymorphisms as predictive biomarkers for the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV Egyptian patients. Tumour Virus Res 2022; 14:200249. [PMID: 36265835 PMCID: PMC9594630 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2022.200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the immune evasion role of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer development, its genomic variations might be closely associated with disease development and cancer risks. Accordingly, this study was performed to investigate how the PD-L1 gene polymorphisms affect the susceptibility to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced liver cirrhosis and cancer development in the Egyptian population. METHODOLOGY Two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the PD-L1 gene; rs2297136 (A > G) and rs4143815 (C > G), were studied in 50 HCV, 51 liver cirrhosis, and 52 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients as well as 50 healthy subjects using real-time PCR. RESULTS The frequencies of PD-L1 rs2297136 AA and rs4143815 GG genotypes were significantly higher in the liver cirrhosis than the control and HCV groups. The rs4143815 CG and GG genotypes were linked to a higher risk of developing HCC and were positively associated with the clinicopathological features of HCC. CONCLUSIONS The PD-L1 rs2297136 AA and rs4143815 GG genotypes increase the susceptibility to liver cirrhosis. The rs4143815 CG and GG genotypes are positively associated with HCC risk and its clinicopathological characteristics. Therefore, HCV patients carrying the PD-L1 rs4143815 G-allele should be followed up on a regular basis to allow for early HCC management.
Collapse
|
11
|
Makrantonakis AE, Zografos E, Gazouli M, Dimitrakakis K, Toutouzas KG, Zografos CG, Kalapanida D, Tsiakou A, Samelis G, Zagouri F. PD-L1 Gene Polymorphisms rs822336 G>C and rs822337 T>A: Promising Prognostic Markers in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1399. [PMID: 36295559 PMCID: PMC9612177 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous subtype that is associated with unresponsiveness to therapy and hence with high mortality rates. In this study we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of the rs822336 G>C and rs822337 T>A polymorphisms of the PD-L1 (Programmed Death-Ligand 1) in TNBC patients. Materials and methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 114 TNBC patients and blood samples from 124 healthy donors were genotyped, and subsequently extensive statistical analysis was performed in order to investigate the clinical value of these polymorphism in TNBC. Results: Regarding rs822336 G>C, we found that the CG genotype was the most common among women that harbored Stage IV breast tumors (81.8%; p = 0.022), recurred (38.9%; p = 0.02) and died (66.7%; p = 0.04). Similarly, the rs822337 T>A genotype AA is associated with worse prognosis, since it was the most common genotype among stage IV tumors (72.7%; p = 0.04) and in TNBC patients that relapsed (75%; p = 0.021) and died (81.5%; p = 0.004). Our statistical analysis revealed that the rs822336 G>C genotype CG and the rs822337 T>A allele AA are strongly associated with inferior DFS and OS intervals. Moreover, it was revealed that women harboring mutated genotypes of both SNPs had shorter disease-free (Kaplan−Meier; p = 0.037, Cox analysis; p = 0.04) and overall (Kaplan−Meier; p = 0.025, Cox analysis; p = 0.03) survival compared to patients having normal genotype of at least one SNP. Multivariate analysis also showed that the presence of mutated genotypes of both SNPs is a strong and independent marker for predicting shorter DFS (p = 0.02) and OS (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Our study revealed that PD-L1 rs822336 G>C and rs822337 T>A polymorphisms were differentially expressed in our cohort of TNBC patients, and that this distribution was associated with markers of unfavorable prognosis and worse survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleni Zografos
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dimitrakakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos G. Toutouzas
- 1st Propaedeutic Surgical Department, Hippokrateio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos G. Zografos
- 1st Propaedeutic Surgical Department, Hippokrateio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Kalapanida
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Andriani Tsiakou
- First Department of Dermatology, Syggros Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 161 21 Athens, Greece
| | - George Samelis
- Department of Oncology, Hippocrateion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Zagouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
PD-L1 rs2890658 Polymorphism Increases Risk for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Northern China Population Based on Experimental Data and Meta-Analysis. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:8433489. [PMID: 35992543 PMCID: PMC9363189 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8433489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To dig the PD-L1 rs2890658 polymorphism with susceptibility of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in northern China. Patients and Methods There were 600 NSCLC patients and 600 age and sex matched controls from the same ethnic origin recruited in the present research. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method genotyped PD-L1 rs2890658 polymorphism. PubMed and Embase were searched to get eligible literature for meta-analysis. The association between PD-L1 rs2890658 polymorphism and NSCLC risk was calculated with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results It is more likely that individuals who have CC genotype and C allele are 2.15 and 1.41 times to develop NSCLC compared with individuals with AA genotype and A allele, respectively. Meta-analysis showed that the individuals who have C allele and CA genotype increased the risk of suffering from NSCLC. Conclusion PD-L1 rs2890658 polymorphism increased NSCLC risk in northern China population and it might predict the occurrence of NSCLC.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pilot Study: Immune Checkpoints Polymorphisms in Greek Primary Breast Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081827. [PMID: 36009373 PMCID: PMC9405402 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent and second leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Despite early detection and better treatment therapies, 30% of early-stage breast cancer patients still develop recurrent disease. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease comprising several molecular subtypes, commonly classified into clinical subtypes based on the hormone receptor status. These subtypes included luminal A and luminal B, which have different prognoses. Breast cancer development and progression involve many factors. Polymorphisms of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 genes have been previously associated with high risk and prognosis of cancer. However, no studies have associated PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 polymorphisms with primary breast cancer subtypes. Hence, this study evaluated functional single nucleotide polymorphisms of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 with primary breast cancer subtypes, luminal A, and luminal B. In addition, we evaluated the PD-L1 protein expression in relation to primary breast cancer subtypes and stages. Results: There were no significant differences in the allele frequencies of PD-1 polymorphisms (rs2227981 G>A, rs7421861 A>G, and rs11568821 C>T) and PD-L1 polymorphisms (rs10815225 C>T and rs2282055 T>G) when compared with the general European population. However, a significant difference was detected in one of the PD-L2 polymorphisms (rs1009759 A>G), with the G allele higher in breast cancer patients than in the general European population. A higher prevalence of the T allele of PD-L1 polymorphism rs2282055 T>G was observed in luminal B breast cancer patients compared with luminal A. No significant difference was detected in other polymorphisms. We also observed that the PD-L1 rs2282055 TT genotype was more prevalent in luminal B breast cancer patients compared with luminal A. Our results found no association of the selected SNPs in the PDCD1 gene with breast cancer risk. Similarly, the protein expression data showed that PD-L1 and PD-L2 are associated with an aggressive phenotype, Luminal B, and advanced breast cancer stage. Conclusion: These findings suggest that immune checkpoint polymorphisms are associated with the risk and subtypes of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun H, Li Y, Si W, Hua T, Chen J, Kang S. Genetic Variation of PD-L1 Gene Affects its Expression and Is Related to Clinical Outcome in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:763134. [PMID: 35719980 PMCID: PMC9204247 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.763134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the effect of polymorphisms of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on the risk and patient’s outcomes of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods Totally, 568 patients and 532 healthy women were included. Three polymorphisms in the PD-L1 gene, rs2297136, rs4143815 and rs4742098, were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction/ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR). Survival analysis was performed in 234 patients (received primary debulking surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy). Results Patients with the rs2297136 AG + GG genotypes had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio (HR)=1.44, 95% CI=1.03-2.01) and overall survival (OS) (HR=1.55, 95% CI=1.06-2.27) than those with the AA genotype. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of PD-L1 in EOC tissues with the rs2297136 AG + GG genotypes were remarkably higher than those with the AA genotype (P=0.032 and P=0.047, respectively). Survival analysis showed that high expression of PD-L1 mRNA was remarkably associated with worse 10-year PFS (HR=1.55, 95% CI=1.28-1.88) and OS (HR=1.51, 95% CI=1.00-2.28) in EOC patients. Conclusions The rs2297136 may not only effectively influence the expression of PD-L1, but also is significantly associated with EOC patients’ outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wengang Si
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tian Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shan Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cevik M, Namal E, Iner-Koksal U, Dinc-Sener N, Karaalp A, Ciftci C, Susleyici B. Association of PD-1 and PDL-1 gene polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk and prognosis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:1827-1836. [PMID: 35076848 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1) together with Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PDL-1) have crucial roles in anti-tumor immune response, cancer susceptibility and prognosis. Since PD-1 and PDL-1 have been considered as important genetic risk factors in cancer development and their functions can be affected by polymorphic sites, we investigated the effects of PD-1 rs2227981, rs2227982, rs36084323 and PDL-1 rs2282055, rs822336 gene polymorphisms on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and prognosis in Turkish subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Our study group consisted of 5-FU or Capacitabine prescribed CRC diagnosed patients and healthy controls. Genotype analyses of PD1 and PDL-1 polymorphisms were performed with Agena MassARRAY platform. rs36084323 CT genotype frequency was found to be higher in controls compared to cases (p < 0.001). rs36084323 CT genotype was highly associated with reduced CRC risk compared to CC genotype (OR 0.068, 95% CI 0.022-0.211, p < 0.001). In adjusted analysis, rs2282055 GG genotype was found to be associated with reduced CRC risk (OR 0.271, 95% CI 0.078-0.940, p = 0.040). rs2282055 TT genotype was found to be related to longer progression-free (Bonferroni corrected Log rank p = 0.013) and overall survival (Bonferroni corrected Log rank p = 0.009) to that of GG genotypes. Patients with rs822336 GC+CC genotypes showed longer overall survival times compared to GG (Log rank p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS According to our results, PD-1 rs822336 G > C polymorphism might be useful in predicting CRC prognosis. PDL-1 rs2282055 T > G polymorphism might be useful in predicting both CRC risk and prognosis. Further studies should be conducted in larger and different populations to clear the roles of PD-1 and PDL-1 polymorphisms in CRC risk and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Cevik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Marmara University Faculty of Arts and Science, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esat Namal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Demiroglu Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Nur Dinc-Sener
- Department of Medical Oncology, Demiroglu Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Atila Karaalp
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cavlan Ciftci
- Department of Cardiology, Demiroglu Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Belgin Susleyici
- Department of Molecular Biology, Marmara University Faculty of Arts and Science, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yadollahi P, Jeon YK, Ng WL, Choi I. Current understanding of cancer-intrinsic PD-L1: regulation of expression and its protumoral activity. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 33298250 PMCID: PMC7851443 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.1.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, we have witnessed an unprecedented clinical success in cancer immunotherapies targeting the programmed cell-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell-death 1 (PD-1) pathway. Besides the fact that PD-L1 plays a key role in immune regulation in tumor microenvironment, recently a plethora of reports has suggested a new perspective of non-immunological functions of PD-L1 in the regulation of cancer intrinsic activities including mesenchymal transition, glucose and lipid metabolism, stemness, and autophagy. Here we review the current understanding on the regulation of expression and intrinsic protumoral activity of cancer-intrinsic PD-L1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Yadollahi
- Innovative Therapeutic Research Institute, Inje University, Busan 47397; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - You-Kyoung Jeon
- Innovative Therapeutic Research Institute, Inje University, Busan 47397; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Wooi Loon Ng
- Innovative Therapeutic Research Institute, Inje University, Busan 47397, Korea
| | - Inhak Choi
- Innovative Therapeutic Research Institute, Inje University, Busan 47397; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hosseinzadeh R, Feizisani F, Shomali N, Abdelbasset WK, Hemmatzadeh M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Bokov DO, Janebifam M, Mohammadi H. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: Prospectives for immunotherapy in cancer and autoimmunity. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1293-1306. [PMID: 34538007 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) has become a successful cancer treatment approach in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Blockade of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) with monoclonal antibodies have been known as successful examples of cancer immunotherapy in recent years. Although ICBT has been shown to be beneficial in cancers, such benefits have only been seen in a portion of cancer patients. In this regard, enhancing the therapeutic effects of inhibiting PD-1 and PD-L1 and reducing the side effects of this approach can be considered as a potential approach in a successful ICBT. In this review, we have highlighted new viewpoints regarding improving the therapeutic effect of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockades in cancer therapy. Besides, their expression levels as a biomarker with prognostic value, their role in intestinal microbiota modulation, combination therapy, and immune-related side effects (irAEs) have been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Feizisani
- Student Research Committee, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dmitry O Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Morteza Janebifam
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Miliotis C, Slack FJ. miR-105-5p regulates PD-L1 expression and tumor immunogenicity in gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:115-126. [PMID: 34098061 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies targeting the interaction between Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have recently been approved for the treatment of multiple cancer types, including gastric cancer. However, not all patients respond to these therapies, while some eventually acquire resistance. A partial predictive biomarker for positive response to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy is PD-L1 expression, which has been shown to be under strict post-transcriptional control in cancer. By fractionating the PD-L1 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) into multiple overlapping fragments, we identified a small 100-nucleotide-long cis-acting region as being necessary and sufficient for post-transcriptional repression of PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer. In parallel, we performed a correlation analysis between PD-L1 expression and all host miRNAs in stomach cancer patient samples. A single miRNA, miR-105-5p, was predicted to bind to the identified cis-acting 3'UTR region and to negatively correlate with PD-L1 expression. Overexpression of miR-105-5p in gastric cancer cell lines resulted in decreased expression of PD-L1, both at the total protein and surface expression levels, and induced CD8+ T cell activation in co-culture assays. Finally, we show that expression of miR-105-5p in gastric cancer is partly controlled by DNA methylation of a cancer- and germline-specific promoter of its host gene, GABRA3. Dysregulation of miR-105-5p is observed in many cancer types and this study shows the importance of this miRNA in controlling the immunogenicity of cancer cells, thus highlighting it as a potential biomarker for PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and target for combinatorial immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christos Miliotis
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hu W, Li B, Geng N, He X, Ge H, Wang P, Ding C. Association Between PDL1 Genetic Variation and Efficacy of Apatinib Monotherapy in Patients with Previously Treated Advanced NSCLC: A Real-World Retrospective Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:2703-2714. [PMID: 34188525 PMCID: PMC8232958 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s303717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore associations between PDL1 polymorphisms and efficacy of apatinib for patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a real-world setting. Methods We retrospectively recruited 148 patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC from January 2015 to December 2019 continuously. Clinical efficacy in patients receiving apatinib treatment was evaluated. Adverse reactions were documented during treatment. Biological specimens of peripheral blood and cancer tissue biopsies were obtained for the genotyping of genetic variations in PDL1 and corresponding gene-mRNA expression, respectively. Univariate association analysis between the status of PDL1 genetic variations and survival was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results The objective response rate of the 148 patients was 17.6% and disease-control rate 68.9%. Prognostic data suggested that median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.8 (95% CI 3.13-4.47) months and median overall survival (OS) 10.5 (95% CI 9.06-11.95) months. Regarding PDL1 genetic variation, only rs2297136 was of clinical significance. Prognosis analysis revealed that PFS and OS for the rs2297136 genotype were significantly different. Median PFS of patients with TC/CC and TT genotypes was 3 and 4.5 months, respectively (P=0.006). Median OS of the two genotypes was 9 and 11.6 months, respectively (P=0.04). Furthermore, the safety profile suggested that the most common adverse reactions were hypertension, dermal toxicity, fatigue, and oral toxicity. This study failed to find any significant association between adverse reactions and rs2297136. Interestingly, mRNA-expression analysis demonstrated that mRNA expression of PDL1 in biopsy cancer-tissue specimens was significantly different based on rs2297136-genotype status (P<0.001). Conclusion The PDL1 polymorphism rs2297136 could be used as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of patients with NSCLC receiving apatinib monotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Geng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuimin Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wu H, Wei Y, Jian M, Lu H, Song Q, Hao L, Yue Y. Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of Immunoscore and PD-L1 in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:39-51. [PMID: 33442265 PMCID: PMC7797318 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s288982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing amount of evidence reveals that immunosuppression is a major issue in cancer progression. The association of immunoscore (IS) and its impact on clinical outcome have been studied in many tumor types, but its significance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is poorly known. Methods By immunohistochemistry, CD3 and CD8 expressions were assessed in tissue samples of 50 cases of postoperative ICC. The IS was determined by analyzing CD3+ and CD8+ expression data in different areas (intratumor and invasion margins). The relationship between IS and clinicopathological characteristics, including the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), was analyzed. In addition, PD-L1, a major regulator of immune escape, was also assessed in tumor cells by immunohistochemistry. Results IS was related to histological differentiation (P=0.026), the presence of lymphoid metastasis (P=0.034), and TNM clinical stages (P = 0.031) of ICC. High IS was significantly associated with better RFS (P=0.033) and OS (P=0.014). IS was an independent prognostic factor for better OS in multivariate analysis. PD-L1 expression was closely related to tumor vascular invasion (P=0.044). Although there was no association between PD-L1 expression and IS, high PD-L1 expression in tumor cells indicated poor RFS (P=0.017) and OS (P=0.004) in ICC. Conclusion The IS and PD-L1 may be used as a complement to the TNM system for predicting the prognosis of patients with ICC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital, Bayannaoer 015000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulong Wei
- Department of Pathology, Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital, Bayannaoer 015000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Jian
- Department of Ultrasound, Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital, Bayannaoer 015000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pathology, Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital, Bayannaoer 015000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhu Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital, Bayannaoer 015000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Liheng Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital, Bayannaoer 015000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Inner Mongolia Bayannaoer City Hospital, Bayannaoer 015000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jia Y, Liu L, Shan B. Future of immune checkpoint inhibitors: focus on tumor immune microenvironment. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1095. [PMID: 33145314 PMCID: PMC7575936 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become a powerful clinical strategy in cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have opened a new era for cancer immunotherapy. Nowadays, the number of immunotherapy drug approvals has increased, with numerous treatment options in clinical and preclinical development. However, there remain some obstacles to improve the efficacy of ICIs further. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) consists of cancer cell, immune cells and cytokines, et cetera. The dynamics of TIME determine the efficacies of ICIs. Although the ICIs showed manageable toxicity, immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) are still unignorable for clinicians. Since some primary resistance mechanisms exist in TIME, ICIs can only show effects in individual cancer patients. Even for the patients who responded, acquired resistance will occur to neutralize the effect of ICIs. Understanding how to increase the response rates and overcome the resistance to various classes of ICIs is the key to improving clinical efficacy. Besides the novel ICIs in development, there are some approaches to establish combination therapies are underway to improve further the efficacies of ICIs in treating cancer patients. Here, we describe the complicated TIME and state quo of ICIs to prospect the future of ICIs in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Jia
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Cancer Institute, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Cancer Institute, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Hebei Cancer Institute, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao M, Zhang J, Chen S, Wang Y, Tian Q. Influence of Programmed Death Ligand-1-Gene Polymorphism rs822336 on the Prognosis and Safety of Postoperative Patients with NSCLC Who Received Platinum-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6755-6766. [PMID: 32801904 PMCID: PMC7414937 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s255072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was done to investigate the influence of PDL1-gene polymorphism on the prognosis and safety of postoperative patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods A total of 289 postoperative patients with NSCLC who had received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy from January 2012 to June 2019 participated in this study. Recurrence status and adverse reactions were documented during adjuvant chemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) data were obtained through telephone follow-up. DNA extracted from hematologic specimens was genotyped for PDL1-gene polymorphism. Associations between genotype status and prognosis were assessed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and multivariate adjustment was performed using Cox regression analysis. Results Median disease-free survival of the 289 patients with NSCLC was 3.3 years and median OS 4.9 years. With regard to the PDL1 gene polymorphism, only rs822336 was of clinical significance in the subsequent analysis. The minor-allele frequency of rs822336 was 0.21, and distribution of the three genotypes was in accordance with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P=0.807). Survival analysis according to genotype status suggested that median disease-free survival of patients with GG and GC/CC genotypes was 2.8 and 4.1 years, respectively (P=0.01). Median OS of patients with GG and GC/CC genotypes was 4.1 and 5.4 years, respectively (P=0.008). However, the safety analysis failed to find a significant association between the polymorphism and adverse reactions. Interestingly, expression analysis of RNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells indicated that PDL1-mRNA expression of patients with the GG genotype was significantly higher than for the GC/CC genotype (P<0.001). Conclusion The prognosis of postoperative patients with NSCLC who have received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy may be influenced by the rs822336 polymorphism through mediation of the mRNA expression of PDL1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kono K, Nakajima S, Mimura K. Current status of immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2020; 23:565-578. [PMID: 32468420 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent breakthrough results from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have paved the way to a new era of cancer immunotherapy. In particular, inhibition of programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis with ICI including nivolumab and pembrolizumab has been emerging as a novel treatment strategy for advanced gastric cancers (GC). In a meta-analysis for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in GC, the objective response rate was 12.0% and the disease control ratio was 34.7%. The ICI treatment in GC provided modest survival benefit and especially, anti-PD-1 treatment could improve the 12-month and 18-month overall survival rate and prolonged the duration of the response. Moreover, it is likely that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy is more effective in subgroups with microsatellite instability-high, Epstein-Barr virus-positive or high mutation burden in advanced GC. The next steps for developing ICI in GC are mainly two challenges as follows. First is the identification of accurate biomarkers that can predict the response to ICI. The second challenge is the clinical development of combinatorial approaches to maximize the efficacy of ICI. In this review, recent advances in ICI for GC are discussed from a viewpoint of translational aspect including biomarkers and tumor microenvironment, and from a viewpoint of clinical aspects including combination therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Shotaro Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
- Department of Medical Electrophysiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Kosaku Mimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Miliotis CN, Slack FJ. Multi-layered control of PD-L1 expression in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 6. [PMID: 34212113 PMCID: PMC8244904 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2020.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. In approximately 10% of GC cases, cancer cells show ubiquitous and monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. A significant feature of EBV-associated GC (EBVaGC) is high lymphocytic infiltration and high expression of immune checkpoint proteins, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). This highlights EBVaGC as a strong candidate for immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Indeed, several recent studies have shown that EBV positivity in GC correlates with positive response to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 blockade therapy. Understanding the mechanisms that control PD-L1 expression in EBVaGC can indicate new predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy, as well as therapeutic targets for combination therapy. Various mechanisms have been implicated in PD-L1 expression regulation, including structural variations, post-transcriptional control, oncogenic activation of intrinsic signaling pathways, and increased sensitivity to extrinsic signals. This review provides the most recent updates on the multilayered control of PD-L1 expression in EBVaGC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christos N Miliotis
- HMS Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- HMS Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Su J, Dai B, Yuan W, Wang G, Zhang Z, Li Z, Liu J, Song J. The influence of PD-L1 genetic variation on the prognosis of R0 resection colorectal cancer patients received capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy: a long-term follow-up, real-world retrospective study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 85:969-978. [PMID: 32314029 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the influence of PD-L1 genetic variation on the prognosis of R0 resection colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who received capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy in real world. METHODS A total of 315 CRC patients underwent R0 surgical resection and received capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy were included. Clinical characteristics were collected from the hospital record system, prognosis was obtained by telephone follow-up. Peripheral blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimen of CRC patients were performed for the genotyping of polymorphism and mRNA expression of PD-L1, respectively. Analysis on the association between genotypes and prognosis was conducted. RESULTS The median disease-free survival (DFS) of the 315 CRC patients was 5.1 years, the median overall survival (OS) was 6.0 years. Regarding the PD-L1 gene polymorphism analysis, the prevalence of 901T>C among the CRC patients was as follows: TT genotype 221 cases (70.16%), TC genotype 86 cases (27.30%), CC genotype 8 cases (2.54%), the minor allele frequency was 0.16, the distribution of three genotypes was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = 0.915). Moreover, the prognosis analysis indicated that the median DFS of patients with TT and TC/CC genotype was 5.4 and 4.0 years, respectively (P = 0.008). The median OS of patients with the two genotypes was 6.4 and 5.0 years (P = 0.007). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the TC/CC genotypes were an independent factor for DFS (odds ratio = 1.56, P = 0.018). Furthermore, the mRNA expression results indicated that the mRNA expression of PD-L1 in PBMC of the patients with TC/CC genotype was significantly higher than patients with TT genotype (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The prognosis of R0 resection CRC patients received capecitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy in real world may be influenced by PD-L1 901T>C polymorphism through mediation of the mRNA expression of PD-L1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Su
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Baiyun Dai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Guixian Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Junmin Song
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dong Z, Liao B, Shen W, Sui C, Yang J. Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Is Associated with the Prognosis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:480-488. [PMID: 31410753 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in many malignancies and plays a critical role in escape from immune surveillance through inhibition of its receptor programmed death 1. The role of PD-L1 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and mechanisms of its regulation, however, remain largely unknown. AIMS To analyze the expression and prognostic significance of PD-L1 in ICC and to study the regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1. METHODS Samples were obtained from 125 patients diagnosed with ICC in the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital from January 2012 to January 2013. The records of each patient were analyzed to examine the relationship between PD-L1 and clinical data. In vitro experiments were performed to investigate the relationship between PD-L1 and the IL-6/mTOR signaling pathway and the feedback mechanism pathway of PD-L1. RESULTS Expression of PD-L1 is closely related to tumor vascular invasion, lymphatic metastasis and TNM staging. High PD-L1 expression is closely related to poor prognosis in ICC. Mechanically, IL-6 induces PD-L1 expression through mTOR signaling in ICC cells. In addition, PD-L1 has a negative feedback inhibition effect on AKT signaling. CONCLUSIONS In summary, high PD-L1 expression was found to be associated with poor prognosis. The IL-6/mTOR pathway upregulates expression of PD-L1, thus promoting tumor invasion, and PD-L1 negatively inhibits the AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Dong
- Department of Special Medical Care, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The 13th Floor, No. 700 North Moyu Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Boyi Liao
- Department of Special Medical Care, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The 13th Floor, No. 700 North Moyu Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weifeng Shen
- Department of Special Medical Care, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The 13th Floor, No. 700 North Moyu Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chengjun Sui
- Department of Special Medical Care, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The 13th Floor, No. 700 North Moyu Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Special Medical Care, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The 13th Floor, No. 700 North Moyu Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hashemi M, Karami S, Sarabandi S, Moazeni-Roodi A, Małecki A, Ghavami S, Wiechec E. Association between PD-1 and PD-L1 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:1150. [PMID: 31405171 PMCID: PMC6721817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of case-control studies regarding the association of the polymorphisms in the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) genes with the risk of cancer have yielded inconsistent findings. Therefore, we have conducted a comprehensive, updated meta-analysis study to identify the impact of PD-1 and PD-L1 polymorphisms on overall cancer susceptibility. The findings revealed that PD-1 rs2227981 and rs11568821 polymorphisms significantly decreased the overall cancer risk (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.68-0.99, p = 0.04, TT vs. CT+CC; OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.67-0.94, p = 0.006, AG vs. GG, and OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70-0.96, p = 0.020, AG+AA vs. GG, respectively), while PD-1 rs7421861 polymorphism significantly increased the risk of developing cancer (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02-1.33, p = 0.03, CT vs. TT). The PD-L1 rs4143815 variant significantly decreased the risk of cancer in homozygous (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.41-0.94, p = 0.02), dominant (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50-0.97, p = 0.03), recessive (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60-0.96, p = 0.02), and allele (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.63-0.96, p = 0.02) genetic models. No significant association between rs2227982, rs36084323, rs10204525, and rs2890658 polymorphisms and overall cancer risk has been found. In conclusions, the results of this meta-analysis have revealed an association between PD-1 rs2227981, rs11568821, rs7421861, as well as PD-L1 rs4143815 polymorphisms and overall cancer susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hashemi
- Genetics of Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743175, Iran.
| | - Shima Karami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743175, Iran
| | - Sahel Sarabandi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743175, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Moazeni-Roodi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr 9916643535, Iran
| | - Andrzej Małecki
- Instititute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada.
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shen X, Zhang L, Li J, Li Y, Wang Y, Xu ZX. Recent Findings in the Regulation of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1337. [PMID: 31258527 PMCID: PMC6587331 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent approvals for the application of monoclonal antibodies that target the well-characterized immune checkpoints, immune therapy shows great potential against both solid and hematologic tumors. The use of these therapeutic monoclonal antibodies elicits inspiring clinical results with durable objective responses and improvements in overall survival. Agents targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; also known as PDCD1) and its ligand (PD-L1) achieve a great success in immune checkpoints therapy. However, the majority of patients fail to respond to PD-1/PD-L1 axis inhibitors. Expression of PD-L1 on the membrane of tumor and immune cells has been shown to be associated with enhanced objective response rates to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. Thus, an improved understanding of how PD-L1 expression is regulated will enable us to better define its role as a predictive marker. In this review, we summarize recent findings in the regulation of PD-L1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jicheng Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Aierken K, Dong Z, Abulimiti T, Zhang Y, Abuduxikuer G, Tuerxun G, Abudurexiti G, Maimaitiaishan A, Mijiti P, Abulizi G. CDK6 3'UTR polymorphisms alter the susceptibility to cervical cancer among Uyghur females. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e626. [PMID: 30829464 PMCID: PMC6503018 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) plays a crucial role in malignant tumor whereas less is reported in cervical cancer development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CDK6 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) polymorphisms on cervical cancer susceptibility among Uyghur females. METHODS The genotypes of the six CDK6 variants (rs8179, rs42032, rs42033, rs42034, rs42035, and rs42038) were identified among 306 cervical cancer cases and 310 healthy controls with the Agena MassARRAY platform. The associations of the candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the cervical cancer risk were evaluated under genetic models using conditional logistic regression analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for SNP function prediction with the online databases. The expression differences between tumor tissues and normal cervix samples were also examined by Real-time PCR. RESULTS CDK6 rs8179 and rs42033 were correlated to the decreased risk of cervical cancer in Uyghurs under the allele model (rs8179 and rs42033: OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.99, p = 0.043) and log-additive model (rs8179 and rs42033: OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38-1.00, p = 0.047). Rs8179, rs42032, and rs42033 were associated with susceptibility to high-grade cervical cancer in different genetic models as well (p < 0.05). Dataset-based analysis also uncovered the potential effects of these significant SNPs. In addition, aberrant expression of CDK6 were detected in cervical tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested the relationships between CDK6 3'UTR polymorphisms and cervical cancer pathogenesis, and the involvement of CDK6 in cervical cancer development among Uyghur females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailibinuer Aierken
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Zhihong Dong
- Outpatient DepartmentAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Tangnuer Abulimiti
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Guzhalinuer Abuduxikuer
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Gulixian Tuerxun
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Guligeina Abudurexiti
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Aziguli Maimaitiaishan
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Patiman Mijiti
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Guzhalinuer Abulizi
- 5th Department of GynecologyAffiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| |
Collapse
|