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Zhou HH, Jin B, Liao Y, Hu Y, Li P, YangLha T, Liu Y, Xu J, Wang B, Zhu M, Xiao J, Liu J, Nüssler AK, Liu L, Hao X, Chen J, Peng Z, Yang W. Associations of Various Physical Activities with Mortality and Life Expectancy are Mediated by Telomere Length. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:431-438.e15. [PMID: 37660722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical activity (PA) and telomeres both contribute to healthy aging and longevity. To investigate the optimal dosage of various PA for longevity and the role of telomere length in PA and mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 333,865 adults (mean age of 56 years) from the UK Biobank were analyzed. METHODS Walking, moderate PA (MPA), and vigorous PA (VPA) were self-reported via questionnaire, and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was measured. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to predict all-cause mortality risk. A flexible parametric Royston-Parmar survival model was used to estimate life expectancy. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 13.8 years, 19,789 deaths were recorded. Compared with the no-walking group, 90 to 720 minutes/week of walking was similarly associated with 27% to 31% of lower mortality and about 6 years of additional life expectancy. We observed nearly major benefits for mortality and life expectancy among those meeting the PA guidelines [151-300 minutes/wk for MPA: hazard ratio (HR) 0.80, 95% CI 0.75-0.85, 3.40-3.42 additional life years; 76-150 minutes/wk for VPA: HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.75-0.82, 2.61 years (2.33-2.89)] vs the no-PA group. Similar benefits were also observed at 76-150 and 301-375 minutes/wk of MPA (18%-19% lower mortality, 3.20-3.42 gained years) or 151-300 minutes/wk of VPA (20%-26% lower mortality, 2.41-2.61 gained years). The associations between MPA, VPA, and mortality risk were slightly mediated by LTL (≈1% mediation proportion, both P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our study suggests a more flexible range of PA than the current PA guidelines, which could gain similar benefits and is easier to achieve: 90 to 720 minutes/wk of walking, 75 to 375 minutes/wk of MPA, and 75 to 300 minutes/wk of VPA. Telomeres might be a potential mechanism by which PA promotes longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Biyu Jin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiao Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaling Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengwan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tesring YangLha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Biyao Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minglin Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Andreas K Nüssler
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiuling Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Xiang M, Pilling LC, Melzer D, Kirk B, Duque G, Liu R, Kuchel GA, Wood AR, Metcalf B, Diniz BS, Hillsdon M, Kuo CL. Does physical activity moderate the association between shorter leukocyte telomere length and incident coronary heart disease? Data from 54,180 UK Biobank participants. GeroScience 2024; 46:1331-1342. [PMID: 37544968 PMCID: PMC10828302 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere shortening is a biological aging hallmark. The effect of short telomere length may be targeted by increased physical activity to reduce the risk of multiple aging-related diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD). The objective was to assess the moderation effect of accelerometer-based physical activity (aPA) on the association between shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) relatively in the population sample and incident CHD. Data were from the UK Biobank participants with well-calibrated accelerometer data for at least 6.5 days (n = 54,180). Relative mean LTL at baseline (5-6 years prior to aPA assessment) was measured in T/S ratio, using a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technology, by comparing the amount of the telomere amplification product (T) to that of a single-copy gene (S). aPA measures included total number of events (at least 10-s continued physical activity > 32 milligravities [mg]), total volume, mean duration, mean intensity, and peak intensity of all events. LTL, aPA measures, and their interactions were associated with incident CHD (mean follow-up 6.8 years) using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for covariates. Longer LTL (relative to the sample distribution) was associated with reduced incidence of CHD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.94 per standard deviation [SD] increase in LTL, [95% CI, 0.90 to 0.99], P = .010). Incidence of CHD was reduced by higher total volume of aPA (aHR = 0.82 per SD increase in LTL, [95% CI, 0.71 to 0.95], P = .010) but increased by higher total number of events (aHR = 1.11 per SD increase in LTL, [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.21], P = .020) after controlling for other aPA measures and covariates. However, none of the interactions between LTL and aPA measures was statistically significant (P = .171).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiruo Xiang
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, 195 Farmington Avenue, Suite 2080, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Luke C Pilling
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David Melzer
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ben Kirk
- Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Saint Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Saint Albans, Victoria, Australia
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Health Sciences, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center On Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Genetics of Complex Traits, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Brad Metcalf
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Breno S Diniz
- UConn Center On Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Melvyn Hillsdon
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Chia-Ling Kuo
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, 195 Farmington Avenue, Suite 2080, Farmington, CT, USA.
- UConn Center On Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
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3
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Ungvari Z, Fazekas-Pongor V, Csiszar A, Kunutsor SK. The multifaceted benefits of walking for healthy aging: from Blue Zones to molecular mechanisms. GeroScience 2023; 45:3211-3239. [PMID: 37495893 PMCID: PMC10643563 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, including walking, has numerous health benefits in older adults, supported by a plethora of observational and interventional studies. Walking decreases the risk or severity of various health outcomes such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia, while also improving mental well-being, sleep, and longevity. Dose-response relationships for walking duration and intensity are established for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Walking's favorable effects on cardiovascular risk factors are attributed to its impact on circulatory, cardiopulmonary, and immune function. Meeting current physical activity guidelines by walking briskly for 30 min per day for 5 days can reduce the risk of several age-associated diseases. Additionally, low-intensity physical exercise, including walking, exerts anti-aging effects and helps prevent age-related diseases, making it a powerful tool for promoting healthy aging. This is exemplified by the lifestyles of individuals in Blue Zones, regions of the world with the highest concentration of centenarians. Walking and other low-intensity physical activities contribute significantly to the longevity of individuals in these regions, with walking being an integral part of their daily lives. Thus, incorporating walking into daily routines and encouraging walking-based physical activity interventions can be an effective strategy for promoting healthy aging and improving health outcomes in all populations. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the vast and consistent evidence supporting the health benefits of physical activity, with a specific focus on walking, and to discuss the impact of walking on various health outcomes, including the prevention of age-related diseases. Furthermore, this review will delve into the evidence on the impact of walking and low-intensity physical activity on specific molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging, providing insights into the underlying biological mechanisms through which walking exerts its beneficial anti-aging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | | | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Setor K Kunutsor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK.
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Kim JJ, Ahn A, Ying J, Hickman E, Ludlow AT. Exercise as a Therapy to Maintain Telomere Function and Prevent Cellular Senescence. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2023; 51:150-160. [PMID: 37288975 PMCID: PMC10526708 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exercise transiently impacts the expression, regulation, and activity of TERT/telomerase to maintain telomeres and protect the genome from insults. By protecting the telomeres (chromosome ends) and the genome, telomerase promotes cellular survival and prevents cellular senescence. By increasing cellular resiliency, via the actions of telomerase and TERT, exercise promotes healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongjin J Kim
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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5
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Allaire P, He J, Mayer J, Moat L, Gerstenberger P, Wilhorn R, Strutz S, Kim DS, Zeng C, Cox N, Shay JW, Denny J, Bastarache L, Hebbring S. Genetic and clinical determinants of telomere length. HGG ADVANCES 2023; 4:100201. [PMID: 37216007 PMCID: PMC10199259 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2023.100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Many epidemiologic studies have identified important relationships between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with genetics and health. Most of these studies have been significantly limited in scope by focusing predominantly on individual diseases or restricted to GWAS analysis. Using two large patient populations derived from Vanderbilt University and Marshfield Clinic biobanks linked to genomic and phenomic data from medical records, we investigated the inter-relationship between LTL, genomics, and human health. Our GWAS confirmed 11 genetic loci previously associated with LTL and two novel loci in SCNN1D and PITPNM1. PheWAS of LTL identified 67 distinct clinical phenotypes associated with both short and long LTL. We demonstrated that several diseases associated with LTL were related to one another but were largely independent from LTL genetics. Age of death was correlated with LTL independent of age. Those with very short LTL (<-1.5 standard deviation [SD]) died 10.4 years (p < 0.0001) younger than those with average LTL (±0.5 SD; mean age of death = 74.2 years). Likewise, those with very long LTL (>1.5 SD) died 1.9 years (p = 0.0175) younger than those with average LTL. This is consistent with the PheWAS results showing diseases associating with both short and long LTL. Finally, we estimated that the genome (12.8%) and age (8.5%) explain the largest proportion of LTL variance, whereas the phenome (1.5%) and sex (0.9%) explained a smaller fraction. In total, 23.7% of LTL variance was explained. These observations provide the rationale for expanded research to understand the multifaceted correlations between TL biology and human health over time, leading to effective LTL usage in medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Allaire
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Jing He
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John Mayer
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Office of Research Computing and Analytics, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Luke Moat
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Peter Gerstenberger
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Reynor Wilhorn
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Sierra Strutz
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - David S.L. Kim
- Marshfield Clinic Health System, Pathology, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Chenjie Zeng
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nancy Cox
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jerry W. Shay
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Cell Biology and the Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joshua Denny
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott Hebbring
- Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield, WI, USA
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Sheikh-Wu SF, Liang Z, Downs CA. The Relationship Between Telomeres, Cognition, Mood, and Physical Function: A Systematic Review. Biol Res Nurs 2023; 25:227-239. [PMID: 36222081 DOI: 10.1177/10998004221132287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Cognitive, affective, and physical symptoms and alterations in their function are seen across chronic illnesses. Data suggest that environmental, psychological, and physiological factors contribute to symptom experience, potentially through loss of telomeres (telomere attrition), structures at the ends of chromosomes. Telomere length is affected by many factors including environmental (e.g., exercise, diet, smoking) and physiological (e.g., response to stress), as well as from oxidative damage and inflammation that occurs in many disease processes. Moreover, telomere attrition is associated with chronic disease (cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease) and predicts higher morbidity and mortality rates. However, findings are inconsistent among telomere roles and relationships with health outcomes. This article aims to synthesize the current state-of-the-science of telomeres and their relationship with cognitive, affective, and physical function and symptoms. Method: A comprehensive literature search was performed in two databases: CINAHL and PUBMED. A total of 33 articles published between 2000 and 2022 were included in the final analysis. Results: Telomere attrition is associated with various changes in cognitive, affective, and physical function and symptoms. However, findings are inconsistent. Interventional studies (e.g., meditation and exercise) may affect telomere attrition, potentially impacting health outcomes. Conclusion: Nursing research and practice are at the forefront of furthering the understanding of telomeres and their relationships with cognitive, affective, and physical function and symptoms. Future interventions targeting modifiable risk factors may be developed to improve health outcomes across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhan Liang
- 5452University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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Lorenzo EC, Kuchel GA, Kuo CL, Moffitt TE, Diniz BS. Major depression and the biological hallmarks of aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101805. [PMID: 36410621 PMCID: PMC9772222 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by psychological and physiological manifestations contributing to the disease severity and outcome. In recent years, several lines of evidence have suggested that individuals with MDD have an elevated risk of age-related adverse outcomes across the lifespan. This review provided evidence of a significant overlap between the biological abnormalities in MDD and biological changes commonly observed during the aging process (i.e., hallmarks of biological aging). Based on such evidence, we formulate a mechanistic model showing how abnormalities in the hallmarks of biological aging can be a common denominator and mediate the elevated risk of age-related health outcomes commonly observed in MDD. Finally, we proposed a roadmap for novel studies to investigate the intersection between the biology of aging and MDD, including the use of geroscience-guided interventions, such as senolytics, to delay or improve major depression by targeting biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica C Lorenzo
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Kuo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Terrie E Moffitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; PROMENTA Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Breno S Diniz
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Schellnegger M, Lin AC, Hammer N, Kamolz LP. Physical Activity on Telomere Length as a Biomarker for Aging: A Systematic Review. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:111. [PMID: 36057868 PMCID: PMC9441412 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Overall life expectancy continues to rise, approaching 80 years of age in several developed countries. However, healthy life expectancy lags far behind, which has, in turn, contributed to increasing costs in healthcare. One way to improve health and attenuate the socio-economic impact of an aging population is to increase overall fitness through physical activity. Telomere attrition or shortening is a well-known molecular marker in aging. As such, several studies have focused on whether exercise influences health and aging through telomere biology. This systematic review examines the recent literature on the effect of physical activity on telomere length (TL) and/or telomerase activity as molecular markers of aging. Methods A focused search was performed in the databases PubMed and Web of Science for retrieving relevant articles over the past ten years. The search contained the following keywords: exercise, sport, physical activity, fitness, sedentary, physical inactivity, telomere, telomere length, t/s ratio, and telomerase. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were observed. Results A total of 43 articles were identified and categorized into randomized controlled trials (RCT), observational or interventional studies. RCTs (n = 8) showed inconsistent findings of increased TL length with physical activity in, e.g. obese, post-menopausal women. In comparison with a predominantly sedentary lifestyle, observational studies (n = 27) showed significantly longer TL with exercise of moderate to vigorous intensity; however, there was no consensus on the duration and type of physical activity and training modality. Interventional studies (n = 8) also showed similar findings of significantly longer TL prior to exercise intervention; however, these studies had smaller numbers of enrolled participants (mostly of high-performance athletes), and the physical activities covered a range of exercise intensities and duration. Amongst the selected studies, aerobic training of moderate to vigorous intensity is most prevalent. For telomere biology analysis, TL was determined mainly from leukocytes using qPCR. In some cases, especially in RCT and interventional studies, different sample types such as saliva, sperm, and muscle biopsies were analyzed; different leukocyte cell types and potential genetic markers in regulating telomere biology were also investigated. Conclusions Taken together, physical activity with regular aerobic training of moderate to vigorous intensity appears to help preserve TL. However, the optimal intensity, duration of physical activity, as well as type of exercise still need to be further elucidated. Along with TL or telomerase activity, participants’ fitness level, the type of physical activity, and training modality should be assessed at different time points in future studies, with the plan for long-term follow-up. Reducing the amount of sedentary behavior may have a positive effect of preserving and increasing TL. Further molecular characterization of telomere biology in different cell types and tissues is required in order to draw definitive causal conclusions on how physical activity affects TL and aging.
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Zhang X, Englund DA, Aversa Z, Jachim SK, White TA, LeBrasseur NK. Exercise Counters the Age-Related Accumulation of Senescent Cells. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2022; 50:213-221. [PMID: 35776782 PMCID: PMC9680689 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We propose the beneficial effects of exercise are in part mediated through the prevention and elimination of senescent cells. Exercise counters multiple forms of age-related molecular damage that initiate the senescence program and activates immune cells responsible for senescent cell clearance. Preclinical and clinical evidence for exercise as a senescence-targeting therapy and areas needing further investigation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Davis A. Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Zaira Aversa
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sarah K. Jachim
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Exercise regulates shelterin genes and microRNAs implicated in ageing in Thoroughbred horses. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:1159-1169. [PMID: 36085194 PMCID: PMC9560944 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ageing causes a gradual deterioration of bodily functions and telomere degradation. Excessive telomere shortening leads to cellular senescence and decreases tissue vitality. Six proteins, called shelterin, protect telomere integrity and control telomere length through telomerase-dependent mechanisms. Exercise training appears to maintain telomeres in certain somatic cells, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we examined the influence of a single bout of vigorous exercise training on leukocyte telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and shelterin gene expression, and the abundance of three microRNAs (miRNAs) implicated in biological ageing (miRNA-143, -223 and -486-5p) in an elite athlete and large animal model, Thoroughbred horses. Gene and miRNA expression were analysed using primer-based and TaqMan Assay qPCR. Leukocyte TRF1, TRF2 and POT1 expression were all significantly increased whilst miR-223 and miR-486-5p were decreased immediately after vigorous exercise (all p < 0.05), and tended to return to baseline levels 24 h after training. Relative to the young horses (~ 3.9 years old), middle-aged horses (~ 14.8 years old) exhibited reduced leukocyte TERT gene expression, and increased POT1 and miR-223 abundance (all p < 0.05). These data demonstrate that genes transcribing key components of the shelterin-telomere complex are influenced by ageing and dynamically regulated by a single bout of vigorous exercise in a large, athletic mammal - Thoroughbred horses. Our findings also implicate TERT and shelterin gene transcripts as potential targets of miR-223 and miR-486-5p, which are modulated by exercise and may have a role in the telomere maintenance and genomic stability associated with long-term aerobic training.
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Therapeutics That Can Potentially Replicate or Augment the Anti-Aging Effects of Physical Exercise. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179957. [PMID: 36077358 PMCID: PMC9456478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, better health care access and social conditions ensured a significant increase in the life expectancy of the population. There is, however, a clear increase in the incidence of age-related diseases which, besides affecting the social and economic sustainability of countries and regions around the globe, leads to a decrease in the individual’s quality of life. There is an urgent need for interventions that can reverse, or at least prevent and delay, the age-associated pathological deterioration. Within this line, this narrative review aims to assess updated evidence that explores the potential therapeutic targets that can mimic or complement the recognized anti-aging effects of physical exercise. We considered pertinent to review the anti-aging effects of the following drugs and supplements: Rapamycin and Rapamycin analogues (Rapalogs); Metformin; 2-deoxy-D-glucose; Somatostatin analogues; Pegvisomant; Trametinib; Spermidine; Fisetin; Quercetin; Navitoclax; TA-65; Resveratrol; Melatonin; Curcumin; Rhodiola rosea and Caffeine. The current scientific evidence on the anti-aging effect of these drugs and supplements is still scarce and no recommendation of their generalized use can be made at this stage. Further studies are warranted to determine which therapies display a geroprotective effect and are capable of emulating the benefits of physical exercise.
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Buttet M, Bagheri R, Ugbolue UC, Laporte C, Trousselard M, Benson A, Bouillon-Minois JB, Dutheil F. Effect of a lifestyle intervention on telomere length: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111694. [PMID: 35760212 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of lifestyle intervention on telomere length (TL). METHOD Four databases were searched for studies reporting TL in leukocytes, before and after a lifestyle intervention. We computed random-effects meta-analysis on TL within intervention and control group after versus before intervention, and on changes in TL between groups. Sensitivity analyses and Meta-regression were conducted. RESULTS We included 20 studies in the systematic review (2995 participants, mean 50.3 years old, 77% women, 2045 following an intervention and 950 controls) and 19 in the meta-analysis. TL were similar at baseline between intervention and control groups. The physical activity ± diet group had an increase in TL (Effect size 0.17, 95%CI 0.03-0.31, p = 0.020) using changes within the intervention group, whereas TL shortened in the control group (-0.32, -0.61 to -0.02, p = 0.037). TL was longer in the physical activity ± diet intervention group (0.24, 0.08-0.40, p = 0.004) compared to controls after the intervention. Sensitivity analysis gave similar results. Meta-regressions demonstrated that combining strength and endurance exercise increased TL more than endurance alone or strength alone. CONCLUSION A lifestyle intervention with physical activity ± diet can increase telomere length, independently of population characteristics or baseline TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Buttet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, General medicine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Reza Bagheri
- University of Isfahan, Exercise physiology department, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ukadike C Ugbolue
- University of the West of Scotland, Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Catherine Laporte
- Université Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280 NPsy-Sydo, General medicine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Trousselard
- French Armed Forces, Biomedical Research Institute, IRBA, Neurophysiology of Stress, Neuroscience and Operational Constraint Department, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; APEMAC/EPSAM, EA 4360, Ile du Saulcy, 57000 Metz, France
| | - Amanda Benson
- Swinburne University of Technology, Sport Innovation Research Group, Department of Health and Biostatistics, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Emergency medicine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, WittyFit, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Bountziouka V, Musicha C, Allara E, Kaptoge S, Wang Q, Angelantonio ED, Butterworth AS, Thompson JR, Danesh JN, Wood AM, Nelson CP, Codd V, Samani NJ. Modifiable traits, healthy behaviours, and leukocyte telomere length: a population-based study in UK Biobank. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2022; 3:e321-e331. [PMID: 35685390 PMCID: PMC9068584 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(22)00072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Telomere length is associated with risk of several age-related diseases and cancers. We aimed to investigate the extent to which telomere length might be modifiable through lifestyle and behaviour, and whether such modification has any clinical consequences. Methods In this population-based study, we included participants from UK Biobank who had leukocyte telomere length (LTL) measurement, ethnicity, and white blood cell count data. We investigated associations of LTL with 117 potentially modifiable traits, as well as two indices of healthy behaviours incorporating between them smoking, physical activity, diet, maintenance of a healthy bodyweight, and alcohol intake, using both available and imputed data. To help interpretation, associations were summarised as the number of equivalent years of age-related change in LTL by dividing the trait β coefficients with the age β coefficient. We used mendelian randomisation to test causality of selected associations. We investigated whether the associations of LTL with 22 diseases were modified by the number of healthy behaviours and the extent to which the associations of more healthy behaviours with greater life expectancy and lower risk of coronary artery disease might be mediated through LTL. Findings 422 797 participants were available for the analysis (227 620 [53·8%] were women and 400 036 [94·6%] were White). 71 traits showed significant (p<4·27 × 10-4) associations with LTL but most were modest, equivalent to less than 1 year of age-related change in LTL. In multivariable analyses of 17 traits with stronger associations (equivalent to ≥2 years of age-related change in LTL), oily fish intake, educational attainment, and general health status retained a significant association of this magnitude, with walking pace and current smoking being additionally significant at this level of association in the imputed models. Mendelian randomisation analysis suggested that educational attainment and smoking behaviour causally affect LTL. Both indices of healthy behaviour were positively and linearly associated with LTL, with those with the most healthy behaviours having longer LTL equivalent to about 3·5 years of age-related change in LTL than those with the least heathy behaviours (p<0·001). However, healthy behaviours explained less than 0·2% of the total variation in LTL and did not significantly modify the association of LTL with risk of any of the diseases studied. Neither the association of more healthy behaviours on greater life expectancy or lower risk of coronary artery disease were substantially mediated through LTL. Interpretation Although several potentially modifiable traits and healthy behaviours have a quantifiable association with LTL, at least some of which are likely to be causal, these effects are not of a sufficient magnitude to substantially alter the association between LTL and various diseases or life expectancy. Attempts to change telomere length through lifestyle or behavioural changes might not confer substantial clinical benefit. Funding UK Medical Research Council, UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, and British Heart Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Bountziouka
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Crispin Musicha
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Elias Allara
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, National Institute for Health Research Blood Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen Kaptoge
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, National Institute for Health Research Blood Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qingning Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, National Institute for Health Research Blood Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Science Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, National Institute for Health Research Blood Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - John N Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, National Institute for Health Research Blood Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Angela M Wood
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, National Institute for Health Research Blood Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Investigation of a UK biobank cohort reveals causal associations of self-reported walking pace with telomere length. Commun Biol 2022; 5:381. [PMID: 35444173 PMCID: PMC9021230 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Walking pace is a simple and functional form of movement and a strong predictor of health status, but the nature of its association with leucocyte telomere length (LTL) is unclear. Here we investigate whether walking pace is associated with LTL, which is causally associated with several chronic diseases and has been proposed as a marker of biological age. Analyses were conducted in 405,981 UK Biobank participants. We show that steady/average and brisk walkers had significantly longer LTL compared with slow walkers, with accelerometer-assessed measures of physical activity further supporting this through an association between LTL and habitual activity intensity, but not with total amount of activity. Bi-directional mendelian randomisation analyses suggest a causal link between walking pace and LTL, but not the other way around. A faster walking pace may be causally associated with longer LTL, which could help explain some of the beneficial effects of brisk walking on health status. Given its simple measurement and low heritability, self-reported walking pace may be a pragmatic target for interventions.
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15
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Codd V, Denniff M, Swinfield C, Warner SC, Papakonstantinou M, Sheth S, Nanus DE, Budgeon CA, Musicha C, Bountziouka V, Wang Q, Bramley R, Allara E, Kaptoge S, Stoma S, Jiang T, Butterworth AS, Wood AM, Di Angelantonio E, Thompson JR, Danesh JN, Nelson CP, Samani NJ. Measurement and initial characterization of leukocyte telomere length in 474,074 participants in UK Biobank. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:170-179. [PMID: 37117760 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a proposed marker of biological age. Here we report the measurement and initial characterization of LTL in 474,074 participants in UK Biobank. We confirm that older age and male sex associate with shorter LTL, with women on average ~7 years younger in 'biological age' than men. Compared to white Europeans, LTL is markedly longer in African and Chinese ancestries. Older paternal age at birth is associated with longer individual LTL. Higher white cell count is associated with shorter LTL, but proportions of white cell subtypes show weaker associations. Age, ethnicity, sex and white cell count explain ~5.5% of LTL variance. Using paired samples from 1,351 participants taken ~5 years apart, we estimate the within-individual variability in LTL and provide a correction factor for this. This resource provides opportunities to investigate determinants and biomedical consequences of variation in LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
| | - M Denniff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - C Swinfield
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - S C Warner
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - M Papakonstantinou
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - S Sheth
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - D E Nanus
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - C A Budgeon
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - C Musicha
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - V Bountziouka
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - R Bramley
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - E Allara
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Kaptoge
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Stoma
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - T Jiang
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A M Wood
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
| | - E Di Angelantonio
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Science Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - J R Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - J N Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - C P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - N J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
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Pignolo RJ, Johnson FB. Do the telomere ends justify the physical means? J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:3071-3073. [PMID: 34534358 PMCID: PMC8595667 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This editorial comments on the article by Valente et al.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F. Brad Johnson
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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