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Englund DA, Jolliffe AM, Hanson GJ, Aversa Z, Zhang X, Jiang X, White TA, Zhang L, Monroe DG, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ, Kamenecka TM, Khosla S, LeBrasseur NK. Senotherapeutic drug treatment ameliorates chemotherapy-induced cachexia. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e169512. [PMID: 38051584 PMCID: PMC10906225 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a debilitating skeletal muscle wasting condition for which we currently lack effective treatments. In the context of cancer, certain chemotherapeutics cause DNA damage and cellular senescence. Senescent cells exhibit chronic activation of the transcription factor NF-κB, a known mediator of the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and skeletal muscle atrophy. Thus, targeting NF-κB represents a logical therapeutic strategy to alleviate unintended consequences of genotoxic drugs. Herein, we show that treatment with the IKK/NF-κB inhibitor SR12343 during a course of chemotherapy reduces markers of cellular senescence and the SASP in liver, skeletal muscle, and circulation and, correspondingly, attenuates features of skeletal muscle pathology. Lastly, we demonstrate that SR12343 mitigates chemotherapy-induced reductions in body weight, lean mass, fat mass, and muscle strength. These findings support senescent cells as a promising druggable target to counteract the SASP and skeletal muscle wasting in the context of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A. Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alyssa M. Jolliffe
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gabriel J. Hanson
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zaira Aversa
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas A. White
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - David G. Monroe
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Sundeep Khosla
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, and
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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2
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Englund DA, Jolliffe A, Aversa Z, Zhang X, Sturmlechner I, Sakamoto AE, Zeidler JD, Warner GM, McNinch C, White TA, Chini EN, Baker DJ, van Deursen JM, LeBrasseur NK. p21 induces a senescence program and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Mol Metab 2023; 67:101652. [PMID: 36509362 PMCID: PMC9800630 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent work has established associations between elevated p21, the accumulation of senescent cells, and skeletal muscle dysfunction in mice and humans. Using a mouse model of p21 overexpression (p21OE), we examined if p21 mechanistically contributes to cellular senescence and pathological features in skeletal muscle. We show that p21 induces several core properties of cellular senescence in skeletal muscle, including an altered transcriptome, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Furthermore, p21OE mice exhibit manifestations of skeletal muscle pathology, such as atrophy, fibrosis, and impaired physical function when compared to age-matched controls. These findings suggest p21 alone is sufficient to drive a cellular senescence program and reveal a novel source of skeletal muscle loss and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alyssa Jolliffe
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zaira Aversa
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ines Sturmlechner
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ayumi E Sakamoto
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Julianna D Zeidler
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Gina M Warner
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Colton McNinch
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Thomas A White
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eduardo N Chini
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Darren J Baker
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jan M van Deursen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Abstract
We propose the beneficial effects of exercise are in part mediated through the prevention and elimination of senescent cells. Exercise counters multiple forms of age-related molecular damage that initiate the senescence program and activates immune cells responsible for senescent cell clearance. Preclinical and clinical evidence for exercise as a senescence-targeting therapy and areas needing further investigation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Davis A. Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Zaira Aversa
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sarah K. Jachim
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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4
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Englund DA. Therapeutic effects of recreational exercise on skeletal muscle aging - how much is enough? J Physiol 2022; 600:1815-1816. [PMID: 35305021 DOI: 10.1113/jp283015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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5
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Skoglund E, Lundberg TR, Rullman E, Fielding RA, Kirn DR, Englund DA, von Berens Å, Koochek A, Cederholm T, Berg HE, Gustafsson T. Functional improvements to 6 months of physical activity are not related to changes in size or density of multiple lower-extremity muscles in mobility-limited older individuals. Exp Gerontol 2022; 157:111631. [PMID: 34813901 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Older adults are encouraged to engage in multicomponent physical activity, which includes aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities. The current work is an extension of the Vitality, Independence, and Vigor in the Elderly 2 (VIVE2) study - a 6-month multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of physical activity and nutritional supplementation in community dwelling 70-year-old seniors. Here, we examined whether the magnitude of changes in muscle size and quality differed between major lower-extremity muscle groups and related these changes to functional outcomes. We also examined whether daily vitamin-D-enriched protein supplementation could augment the response to structured physical activity. Forty-nine men and women (77 ± 5 yrs) performed brisk walking, muscle-strengthening exercises for the lower limbs, and balance training 3 times weekly for 6 months. Participants were randomized to daily intake of a nutritional supplement (20 g whey protein + 800 IU vitamin D), or a placebo. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and radiological attenuation (RA) were assessed in 8 different muscle groups using single-slice CT scans of the hip, thigh, and calf at baseline and after the intervention. Walking speed and performance in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were also measured. For both CSA and RA, there were muscle group × time interactions (P < 0.01). Significant increases in CSA were observed in 2 of the 8 muscles studied, namely the knee extensors (1.9%) and the hip adductors (2.8%). For RA, increases were observed in 4 of 8 muscle groups, namely the hip flexors (1.1 HU), hip adductors (0.9 HU), knee extensors (1.2 HU), and ankle dorsiflexors (0.8 HU). No additive effect of nutritional supplementation was observed. While walking speed (13%) and SPPB performance (38%) improved markedly, multivariate analysis showed that these changes were not associated with the changes in muscle CSA and RA after the intervention. We conclude that this type of multicomponent physical activity program results in significant improvements in physical function despite relatively small changes in muscle size and quality of some, but not all, of the measured lower extremity muscles involved in locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Skoglund
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobles Allé 8B, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden & Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Box 564, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Tommy R Lundberg
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobles Allé 8B, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden & Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Eric Rullman
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobles Allé 8B, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden & Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Dylan R Kirn
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Davis A Englund
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Åsa von Berens
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Box 564, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Sveavägen 155, 113 46 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Department of food studies, nutrition and dietetics, Uppsala University, Box 560, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Box 564, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Hans E Berg
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden & Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobles Allé 8B, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden & Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Englund DA, Zhang X, Aversa Z, LeBrasseur NK. Skeletal muscle aging, cellular senescence, and senotherapeutics: Current knowledge and future directions. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111595. [PMID: 34742751 PMCID: PMC8627455 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of cell cycle arrest induced by several forms of metabolic stress. Senescent cells accumulate with advancing age and have a distinctive phenotype, characterized by profound chromatin alterations and a robust senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that exerts negative effects on tissue health, both locally and systemically. In preclinical models, pharmacological agents that eliminate senescent cells (senotherapeutics) restore health and youthful properties in multiple tissues. To date, however, very little is understood about the vulnerability of terminally-differentiated skeletal muscle fibers and the resident mononuclear cells that populate the interstitial microenvironment of skeletal muscle to senescence, and their contribution to the onset and progression of skeletal muscle loss and dysfunction with aging. Scientific advances in these areas have the potential to highlight new therapeutic approaches to optimize late-life muscle health. To this end, this review highlights the current evidence and the key questions that need to be addressed to advance the field's understanding of cellular senescence as a mediator of skeletal muscle aging and the potential for emerging senescent cell-targeting therapies to counter age-related deficits in muscle mass, strength, and function. This article is part of the Special Issue - Senolytics - Edited by Joao Passos and Diana Jurk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zaira Aversa
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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7
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Green CL, Englund DA, Das S, Herrerias MM, Yousefzadeh MJ, Grant RA, Clark J, Pak HH, Liu P, Bai H, Prahlad V, Lamming DW, Chusyd DE. The Second Annual Symposium of the Midwest Aging Consortium: The Future of Aging Research in the Midwestern United States. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:2156-2161. [PMID: 34323268 PMCID: PMC8599030 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While the average human life span continues to increase, there is little evidence that this is leading to a contemporaneous increase in "healthy years" experienced by our aging population. Consequently, many scientists focus their research on understanding the process of aging and trialing interventions that can promote healthspan. The 2021 Midwest Aging Consortium consensus statement is to develop and further the understanding of aging and age-related disease using the wealth of expertise across universities in the Midwestern United States. This report summarizes the cutting-edge research covered in a virtual symposium held by a consortium of researchers in the Midwestern United States, spanning topics such as senescence biomarkers, serotonin-induced DNA protection, immune system development, multisystem impacts of aging, neural decline following severe infection, the unique transcriptional impact of calorie restriction of different fat depots, the pivotal role of fasting in calorie restriction, the impact of peroxisome dysfunction, and the influence of early life trauma on health. The symposium speakers presented data from studies conducted in a variety of common laboratory animals as well as less-common species, including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, mice, rhesus macaques, elephants, and humans. The consensus of the symposium speakers is that this consortium highlights the strength of aging research in the Midwestern United States as well as the benefits of a collaborative and diverse approach to geroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Davis A Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Biology, Aging Mind & Brain Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mariana M Herrerias
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rogan A Grant
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Josef Clark
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peiduo Liu
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Veena Prahlad
- Department of Biology, Aging Mind & Brain Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Daniella E Chusyd
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA,Address correspondence to: Daniella E. Chusyd, PhD, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, 701 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405-7100, USA. E-mail:
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8
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Wen Y, Englund DA, Peck BD, Murach KA, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Myonuclear transcriptional dynamics in response to exercise following satellite cell depletion. iScience 2021; 24:102838. [PMID: 34368654 PMCID: PMC8326190 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is composed of post-mitotic myofibers that form a syncytium containing hundreds of myonuclei. Using a progressive exercise training model in the mouse and single nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) for high-resolution characterization of myonuclear transcription, we show myonuclear functional specialization in muscle. After 4 weeks of exercise training, snRNA-seq reveals that resident muscle stem cells, or satellite cells, are activated with acute exercise but demonstrate limited lineage progression while contributing to muscle adaptation. In the absence of satellite cells, a portion of nuclei demonstrates divergent transcriptional dynamics associated with mixed-fate identities compared with satellite cell replete muscles. These data provide a compendium of information about how satellite cells influence myonuclear transcription in response to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0200, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Davis A Englund
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0200, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Bailey D Peck
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0200, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0200, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536-0200, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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9
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Englund DA, Sakamoto AE, Fritsche CM, Heeren AA, Zhang X, Kotajarvi BR, Lecy DR, Yousefzadeh MJ, Schafer MJ, White TA, Atkinson EJ, LeBrasseur NK. Exercise reduces circulating biomarkers of cellular senescence in humans. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13415. [PMID: 34101960 PMCID: PMC8282238 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence has emerged as a significant and potentially tractable mechanism of aging and multiple aging-related conditions. Biomarkers of senescent cell burden, including molecular signals in circulating immune cells and the abundance of circulating senescence-related proteins, have been associated with chronological age and clinical parameters of biological age in humans. The extent to which senescence biomarkers are affected by interventions that enhance health and function has not yet been examined. Here, we report that a 12-week structured exercise program drives significant improvements in several performance-based and self-reported measures of physical function in older adults. Impressively, the expression of key markers of the senescence program, including p16, p21, cGAS, and TNFα, were significantly lowered in CD3+ T cells in response to the intervention, as were the circulating concentrations of multiple senescence-related proteins. Moreover, partial least squares discriminant analysis showed levels of senescence-related proteins at baseline were predictive of changes in physical function in response to the exercise intervention. Our study provides first-in-human evidence that biomarkers of senescent cell burden are significantly lowered by a structured exercise program and predictive of the adaptive response to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A. Englund
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Ayumi E. Sakamoto
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | | | - Amanda A. Heeren
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Brian R. Kotajarvi
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Denise R. Lecy
- Dan Abraham Healthy Living Center Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Matthew J. Yousefzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA
| | - Marissa J. Schafer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Thomas A. White
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Atkinson
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
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10
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Englund DA, Figueiredo VC, Dungan CM, Murach KA, Peck BD, Petrosino JM, Brightwell CR, Dupont AM, Neal AC, Fry CS, Accornero F, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Satellite Cell Depletion Disrupts Transcriptional Coordination and Muscle Adaptation to Exercise. Function (Oxf) 2020; 2:zqaa033. [PMID: 34109314 PMCID: PMC8179974 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are required for postnatal development, skeletal muscle regeneration across the lifespan, and skeletal muscle hypertrophy prior to maturity. Our group has aimed to address whether satellite cells are required for hypertrophic growth in mature skeletal muscle. Here, we generated a comprehensive characterization and transcriptome-wide profiling of skeletal muscle during adaptation to exercise in the presence or absence of satellite cells in order to identify distinct phenotypes and gene networks influenced by satellite cell content. We administered vehicle or tamoxifen to adult Pax7-DTA mice and subjected them to progressive weighted wheel running (PoWeR). We then performed immunohistochemical analysis and whole-muscle RNA-seq of vehicle (SC+) and tamoxifen-treated (SC-) mice. Further, we performed single myonuclear RNA-seq to provide detailed information on how satellite cell fusion affects myonuclear transcription. We show that while skeletal muscle can mount a robust hypertrophic response to PoWeR in the absence of satellite cells, growth, and adaptation are ultimately blunted. Transcriptional profiling reveals several gene networks key to muscle adaptation are altered in the absence of satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Vandré C Figueiredo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Cory M Dungan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Bailey D Peck
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jennifer M Petrosino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Camille R Brightwell
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Alec M Dupont
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ally C Neal
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Englund DA, Murach KA, Dungan CM, Figueiredo VC, Vechetti IJ, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Depletion of resident muscle stem cells negatively impacts running volume, physical function, and muscle fiber hypertrophy in response to lifelong physical activity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1178-C1188. [PMID: 32320286 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00090.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To date, studies that have aimed to investigate the role of satellite cells during adult skeletal muscle adaptation and hypertrophy have utilized a nontranslational stimulus and/or have been performed over a relatively short time frame. Although it has been shown that satellite cell depletion throughout adulthood does not drive skeletal muscle loss in sedentary mice, it remains unknown how satellite cells participate in skeletal muscle adaptation to long-term physical activity. The current study was designed to determine whether reduced satellite cell content throughout adulthood would influence the transcriptome-wide response to physical activity and diminish the adaptive response of skeletal muscle. We administered vehicle or tamoxifen to adult Pax7-diphtheria toxin A (DTA) mice to deplete satellite cells and assigned them to sedentary or wheel-running conditions for 13 mo. Satellite cell depletion throughout adulthood reduced balance and coordination, overall running volume, and the size of muscle proprioceptors (spindle fibers). Furthermore, satellite cell participation was necessary for optimal muscle fiber hypertrophy but not adaptations in fiber type distribution in response to lifelong physical activity. Transcriptome-wide analysis of the plantaris and soleus revealed that satellite cell function is muscle type specific; satellite cell-dependent myonuclear accretion was apparent in oxidative muscles, whereas initiation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in the glycolytic plantaris may require satellite cells to induce optimal adaptations to long-term physical activity. These findings suggest that satellite cells play a role in preserving physical function during aging and influence muscle adaptation during sustained periods of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Cory M Dungan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Vandré C Figueiredo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Englund DA, Figueiredo V, dungan C, Murach K, Peck B, Dupont A, McCarthy J, Peterson C. Transcriptional profiling of skeletal muscle during hypertrophy in the absence of satellite cell participation reveals muscle‐specific diversity and satellite cell dependent signaling networks. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Grosicki GJ, Barrett BB, Englund DA, Liu C, Travison TG, Cederholm T, Koochek A, von Berens Å, Gustafsson T, Benard T, Reid KF, Fielding RA. Circulating Interleukin-6 Is Associated with Skeletal Muscle Strength, Quality, and Functional Adaptation with Exercise Training in Mobility-Limited Older Adults. J Frailty Aging 2020; 9:57-63. [PMID: 32150215 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2019.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human aging is characterized by a chronic, low-grade inflammation suspected to contribute to reductions in skeletal muscle size, strength, and function. Inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), may play a role in the reduced skeletal muscle adaptive response seen in older individuals. OBJECTIVES To investigate relationships between circulating IL-6, skeletal muscle health and exercise adaptation in mobility-limited older adults. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING Exercise laboratory on the Health Sciences campus of an urban university. PARTICIPANTS 99 mobility-limited (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) ≤9) older adults. INTERVENTION 6-month structured physical activity with or without a protein and vitamin D nutritional supplement. MEASUREMENTS Circulating IL-6, skeletal muscle size, composition (percent normal density muscle tissue), strength, power, and specific force (strength/CSA) as well as physical function (gait speed, stair climb time, SPPB-score) were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS At baseline, Spearman's correlations demonstrated an inverse relationship (P<0.05) between circulating IL-6 and thigh muscle composition (r = -0.201), strength (r = -0.311), power (r = -0.210), and specific force (r = -0.248), and positive association between IL-6 and stair climb time (r = 0.256; P<0.05). Although the training program did not affect circulating IL-6 levels (P=0.69), reductions in IL-6 were associated with gait speed improvements (r = -0.487; P<0.05) in "higher" IL-6 individuals (>1.36 pg/ml). Moreover, baseline IL-6 was inversely associated (P<0.05) with gains in appendicular lean mass and improvements in SPPB score (r = -0.211 and -0.237, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings implicate age-related increases in circulating IL-6 as an important contributor to declines in skeletal muscle strength, quality, function, and training-mediated adaptation. Given the pervasive nature of inflammation among older adults, novel therapeutic strategies to reduce IL-6 as a means of preserving skeletal muscle health are enticing.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Grosicki
- Gregory J. Grosicki, Ph.D., Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, GA, 31419. Phone: (912) 344-3317. Fax: (912) 344-3490.
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Figueiredo VC, Englund DA, Vechetti IJ, Alimov A, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ. Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E is dispensable for skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C1247-C1255. [PMID: 31596607 PMCID: PMC6962521 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00380.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a major mRNA cap-binding protein that has a central role in translation initiation. Ser209 is the single phosphorylation site within eIF4E and modulates its activity in response to MAPK pathway activation. It has been reported that phosphorylation of eIF4E at Ser209 promotes translation of key mRNAs, such as cyclin D1, that regulate ribosome biogenesis. We hypothesized that phosphorylation at Ser209 is required for skeletal muscle growth in response to a hypertrophic stimulus by promoting ribosome biogenesis. To test this hypothesis, wild-type (WT) and eIF4E knocked-in (KI) mice were subjected to synergist ablation to induce muscle hypertrophy of the plantaris muscle as the result of mechanical overload; in the KI mouse, Ser209 of eIF4E was replaced with a nonphosphorylatable alanine. Contrary to our hypothesis, we observed no difference in the magnitude of hypertrophy between WT and KI groups in response to 14 days of mechanical overload induced by synergist ablation. Similarly, the increases in cyclin D1 protein levels, ribosome biogenesis, and translational capacity did not differ between WT and KI groups. Based on these findings, we conclude that phosphorylation of eIF4E at Ser209 is dispensable for skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to mechanical overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandre C Figueiredo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Davis A Englund
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Alexander Alimov
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Englund DA, Kirn DR, Koochek A, Zhu H, Travison TG, Reid KF, von Berens Å, Melin M, Cederholm T, Gustafsson T, Fielding RA. Corrigendum: Nutritional Supplementation With Physical Activity Improves Muscle Composition in Mobility-Limited Older Adults, The VIVE2 Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:1993. [PMID: 31242295 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Englund DA, Peck BD, Murach KA, Neal AC, Caldwell HA, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Resident muscle stem cells are not required for testosterone-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C719-C724. [PMID: 31314585 PMCID: PMC6851003 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00260.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is postulated that testosterone-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy is driven by myonuclear accretion as the result of satellite cell fusion. To directly test this hypothesis, we utilized the Pax7-DTA mouse model to deplete satellite cells in skeletal muscle followed by testosterone administration. Pax7-DTA mice (6 mo of age) were treated for 5 days with either vehicle [satellite cell replete (SC+)] or tamoxifen [satellite cell depleted (SC-)]. Following a washout period, a testosterone propionate or sham pellet was implanted for 21 days. Testosterone administration caused a significant increase in muscle fiber cross-sectional area in SC+ and SC- mice in both oxidative (soleus) and glycolytic (plantaris and extensor digitorum longus) muscles. In SC+ mice treated with testosterone, there was a significant increase in both satellite cell abundance and myonuclei that was completely absent in testosterone-treated SC- mice. These findings provide direct evidence that testosterone-induced muscle fiber hypertrophy does not require an increase in satellite cell abundance or myonuclear accretion.Listen to a podcast about this Rapid Report with senior author E. E. Dupont-Versteegden (https://ajpcell.podbean.com/e/podcast-on-paper-that-shows-testosterone-induced-skeletal-muscle-hypertrophy-does-not-need-muscle-stem-cells/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Bailey D Peck
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ally C Neal
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Hannah A Caldwell
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Englund DA, Price LL, Grosicki GJ, Iwai M, Kashiwa M, Liu C, Reid KF, Fielding RA. Progressive Resistance Training Improves Torque Capacity and Strength in Mobility-Limited Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:1316-1321. [PMID: 30165595 PMCID: PMC6625591 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive resistance training (PRT) is consistently shown to improve muscle strength in older adults. The efficacy of PRT to improve muscle fatigue in older adults with demonstrated mobility limitations remains unclear. METHODS Mobility-limited (Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB] ≤ 9) older adults (age 70-92 years) were recruited for this study and randomized to either PRT or home-based flexibility (FLEX) 3 d/wk for 12 weeks. Muscle fatigue and strength outcomes were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. The primary outcome was torque capacity, a composite measure of strength and fatigue, defined as the sum of peak torques from an isokinetic fatigue test. RESULTS Seventy participants were randomized (mean [SD] age 78.9 [5.4] years; 60% female; mean [SD] SPPB 7.5 [1.6]). At follow-up, the PRT group improved significantly in torque capacity, mean between-group difference (95% confidence interval) 466.19 (138.4, 793.97) Nm (p = .006), and maximal strength 127.3 (60.96, 193.61) Nm (p = .0003), when compared with FLEX group. Neither group demonstrated significant changes in muscle fatigue or torque variability. CONCLUSION Twelve weeks of PRT improved torque capacity, as well as strength in mobility-limited older adults. These results demonstrate PRT improves multiple age-related muscular impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lori Lyn Price
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gregory J Grosicki
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Christine Liu
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Massachusetts
| | - Kieran F Reid
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Grosicki GJ, Englund DA, Price LL, Iwai M, Kashiwa M, Reid KF, Fielding RA. Lower-Extremity Torque Capacity and Physical Function in Mobility-Limited Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000561445.50700.2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Reid KF, Laussen J, Bhatia K, Englund DA, Kirn DR, Price LL, Manini TM, Liu CK, Kowaleski C, Fielding RA. Translating the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Clinical Trial to Older Adults in a Real-World Community-Based Setting. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:924-928. [PMID: 30010808 PMCID: PMC6521918 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) clinical trial demonstrated that a structured program of physical activity (PA) reduced mobility-disability in older adults by up to 28%. It remains unknown whether the benefits of LIFE PA can be translated to older adults at risk for mobility-disability in real-world community-based settings. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted the ENhancing independence using Group-based community interventions for healthy AGing in Elders (ENGAGE) pilot study and examined the safety, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of translating LIFE PA to a community-based senior center. METHODS Forty older adults with severe lower extremity functional limitations (age: 76.9 ± 7.3 years; body mass index: 32.7 ± 8 kg/m2; 85% female; short physical performance battery score: 6.3 ± 2.2) were randomized to 24 weeks of PA or a health education control intervention. RESULTS Community-based PA was safe (serious adverse events: PA vs health education, 0:2; nonserious adverse events: PA vs health education, 3:1) and participants successfully adhered to the PA intervention (65.2%). Compared to health education, PA participants who attended ≥25% of scheduled visits had meaningful and sustained short physical performance battery improvements at follow-up (between group short physical performance battery score differences: ~0.7 units). CONCLUSIONS ENGAGE has demonstrated the preliminary safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of LIFE PA in a real-world community-based setting. Larger-scale translational studies are needed to further disseminate the benefits of LIFE PA to vulnerable older adults in a variety of community-based settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran F Reid
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Laussen
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karan Bhatia
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Davis A Englund
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dylan R Kirn
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lori Lyn Price
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Todd M Manini
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Christine K Liu
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher Kowaleski
- City of Somerville Council on Aging, Health and Human Services Department, Somerville, Massachusetts
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Dungan CM, Murach KA, Frick KK, Jones SR, Crow SE, Englund DA, Vechetti IJ, Figueiredo VC, Levitan BM, Satin J, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Elevated myonuclear density during skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to training is reversed during detraining. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 316:C649-C654. [PMID: 30840493 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00050.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myonuclei gained during exercise-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy may be long-lasting and could facilitate future muscle adaptability after deconditioning, a concept colloquially termed "muscle memory." The evidence for this is limited, mostly due to the lack of a murine exercise-training paradigm that is nonsurgical and reversible. To address this limitation, we developed a novel progressive weighted-wheel-running (PoWeR) model of murine exercise training to test whether myonuclei gained during exercise persist after detraining. We hypothesized that myonuclei acquired during training-induced hypertrophy would remain following loss of muscle mass with detraining. Singly housed female C57BL/6J mice performed 8 wk of PoWeR, while another group performed 8 wk of PoWeR followed by 12 wk of detraining. Age-matched sedentary cage-dwelling mice served as untrained controls. Eight weeks of PoWeR yielded significant plantaris muscle fiber hypertrophy, a shift to a more oxidative phenotype, and greater myonuclear density than untrained mice. After 12 wk of detraining, the plantaris muscle returned to an untrained phenotype with fewer myonuclei. A finding of fewer myonuclei simultaneously with plantaris deconditioning argues against a muscle memory mechanism mediated by elevated myonuclear density in primarily fast-twitch muscle. PoWeR is a novel, practical, and easy-to-deploy approach for eliciting robust hypertrophy in mice, and our findings can inform future research on the mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle adaptive potential and muscle memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Dungan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kaitlyn K Frick
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Savannah R Jones
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Samuel E Crow
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Davis A Englund
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Vandre C Figueiredo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Bryana M Levitan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jonathan Satin
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
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Grosicki GJ, Englund DA, Price L, Iwai M, Kashiwa M, Reid KF, Fielding RA. Lower-Extremity Torque Capacity and Physical Function in Mobility-Limited Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:703-709. [PMID: 31560027 PMCID: PMC7386562 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Skeletal muscle weakness and an increase in fatigability independently contribute to age-related functional decline. The objective of this study was to examine the combined contribution of these deficiencies (i.e., torque capacity) to physical function, and then to assess the functional implications of progressive resistance training (PRT) mediated-torque capacity improvements in mobility-limited older adults. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING Exercise laboratory on the Health Sciences campus of an urban university. PARTICIPANTS Seventy mobility-limited (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) ≤9) older adults (~79 yrs). INTERVENTION Progressive resistance training or home-based flexibility 3 days/week for 12 weeks. MEASUREMENTS Torque capacity was defined as the sum of peak torques from an isokinetic knee extension fatigue test. Relationships between torque capacity and performance-based and patient-reported functional measures before and after PRT were examined using partial correlations adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. RESULTS Torque capacity explained (P<0.05) 10 and 28% of the variance in six-minute walk distance and stair climb time, respectively. PRT-mediated torque capacity improvements were paralleled by increases (P<0.05) in self-reported activity participation (+20%) and advanced lower extremity function (+7%), and associated (P<0.05) with a reduction in activity limitations (r=0.44) and an improved SPPB score (r=0.32). CONCLUSION Skeletal muscle torque capacity, a composite of strength and fatigue, may be a proximal determinant of physical function in mobility-limited older individuals. To more closely replicate the musculoskeletal demands of real-life tasks, future studies are encouraged to consider the combined interaction of distinct skeletal muscle faculties to overall functional ability in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Grosicki
- Gregory J. Grosicki, Ph.D., Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, GA, 31419. Phone: (912) 344-3317. Fax: (912) 344-3490.
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Iwata M, Englund DA, Wen Y, Dungan CM, Murach KA, Vechetti IJ, Mobley CB, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ. A novel tetracycline-responsive transgenic mouse strain for skeletal muscle-specific gene expression. Skelet Muscle 2018; 8:33. [PMID: 30368256 PMCID: PMC6204038 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tetracycline-responsive system (Tet-ON/OFF) has proven to be a valuable tool for manipulating gene expression in an inducible, temporal, and tissue-specific manner. The purpose of this study was to create and characterize a new transgenic mouse strain utilizing the human skeletal muscle α-actin (HSA) promoter to drive skeletal muscle-specific expression of the reverse tetracycline transactivator (rtTA) gene which we have designated as the HSA-rtTA mouse. Methods To confirm the HSA-rtTA mouse was capable of driving skeletal muscle-specific expression, we crossed the HSA-rtTA mouse with the tetracycline-responsive histone H2B-green fluorescent protein (H2B-GFP) transgenic mouse in order to label myonuclei. Results Reverse transcription-PCR confirmed skeletal muscle-specific expression of rtTA mRNA, while single-fiber analysis showed highly effective GFP labeling of myonuclei in both fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscles. Pax7 immunohistochemistry of skeletal muscle cross-sections revealed no appreciable GFP expression in satellite cells. Conclusions The HSA-rtTA transgenic mouse allows for robust, specific, and inducible gene expression across muscles of different fiber types. The HSA-rtTA mouse provides a powerful tool to manipulate gene expression in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Iwata
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Medical Science Building, Rm: MS-607A, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, 26-2 Higashihaemi-cho, Handa, 475-0012, Japan
| | - Davis A Englund
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Medical Science Building, Rm: MS-607A, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Cory M Dungan
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Kevin A Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Medical Science Building, Rm: MS-607A, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Christopher B Mobley
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Medical Science Building, Rm: MS-607A, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA. .,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Medical Science Building, Rm: MS-607A, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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23
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Murach KA, Englund DA, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Myonuclear Domain Flexibility Challenges Rigid Assumptions on Satellite Cell Contribution to Skeletal Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy. Front Physiol 2018; 9:635. [PMID: 29896117 PMCID: PMC5986879 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cell-mediated myonuclear accretion is thought to be required for skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy, and even drive hypertrophy by preceding growth. Recent studies in humans and rodents provide evidence that challenge this axiom. Specifically, Type 2 muscle fibers reliably demonstrate a substantial capacity to hypertrophy in the absence of myonuclear accretion, challenging the notion of a tightly regulated myonuclear domain (i.e., area that each myonucleus transcriptionally governs). In fact, a “myonuclear domain ceiling”, or upper limit of transcriptional output per nucleus to support hypertrophy, has yet to be identified. Satellite cells respond to muscle damage, and also play an important role in extracellular matrix remodeling during loading-induced hypertrophy. We postulate that robust satellite cell activation and proliferation in response to mechanical loading is largely for these purposes. Future work will aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which Type 2 fibers can hypertrophy without additional myonuclei, the extent to which Type 1 fibers can grow without myonuclear accretion, and whether a true myonuclear domain ceiling exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Davis A Englund
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - John J McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Englund DA, Kirn DR, Koochek A, Zhu H, Travison TG, Reid KF, von Berens Å, Melin M, Cederholm T, Gustafsson T, Fielding RA. Nutritional Supplementation With Physical Activity Improves Muscle Composition in Mobility-Limited Older Adults, The VIVE2 Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 73:95-101. [PMID: 28977347 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional supplementation and physical activity have been shown to positively influence muscle mass and strength in older adults. The efficacy of long-term nutritional supplementation in combination with physical activity in older adults remains unclear. Methods Mobility-limited (short physical performance battery [SPPB] ≤9) and vitamin D insufficient (serum 25(OH) D 9-24 ng/mL) older adults were recruited for this study. All subjects participated in a physical activity program. Subjects were randomized to consume a daily nutritional supplement (150 kcal, 20 g whey protein, 800 IU vitamin D, 119 mL beverage) or placebo (30 kcal, nonnutritive, 119 mL). In a prespecified secondary analysis, we examined total-body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), thigh composition (computed tomography), and muscle strength, power, and quality before and after the 6-month intervention. Results One hundred and forty-nine subjects were randomized into the study [mean (standard deviation, SD) age 78.5 (5.4) years; 46.3% female; mean (SD) short physical performance battery 7.9 (1.2); mean (SD) vitamin D 18.7 (6.4) ng/mL]. After the intervention period both groups demonstrated improvements in muscle strength, body composition, and thigh composition. Nutritional supplementation lead to further losses of intermuscular fat (p = .049) and increased normal muscle density (p = .018). Conclusions Six months of physical activity resulted in improvements in body composition, subcutaneous fat, intermuscular fat, and strength measures. The addition of nutritional supplementation resulted in further declines in intermuscular fat and improved muscle density compared to placebo. These results suggest nutritional supplementation provides additional benefits to mobility-limited older adults undergoing exercise training. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01542892.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dylan R Kirn
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Hao Zhu
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas G Travison
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kieran F Reid
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Åsa von Berens
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Michael Melin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommy Cederholm
- Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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