Spontaneous pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma in a free-living black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus)

Spontaneous pulmonary adenocarcinoma in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

A seven-year-old female common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) presented with weight loss. Imaging revealed a left thoracic mass, confirmed at necropsy. Histology and immunohistochemistry suggested a well-differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinoma. No evidence of local lymphovascular invasion or distant metastasis was observed. This is the first report of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in marmosets.

Pulmonary actinomycosis in a free-living black-tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata)

Actinomycosis is a very rare infection in wild animals with a few reports in captive non-human primates. Herein we report a case of pulmonary actinomycosis in a free-living black-tufted marmoset in the urban area of the Federal District, Brazil. The animal presented severe dyspnea and died in the garden of a residence. At necropsy, the left-pulmonary lobes showed multiple nodules filled with purulent content. A myriad of beaded, branching, filamentous Gram-positive and modified Ziehl-Neelsen-negative bacilli arranged in aggregates or star-like colonies, surrounded by macrophages, neutrophils, and Splendori-Hoepli phenomenon were observed in histological sections of the lungs. According to the pathological findings and characteristic morphotintorial pattern of the infectious agent, pulmonary actinomycosis was diagnosed. Until now, fatal pulmonary actinomycosis had never been reported in free-living Simiiformes. Knowledge about the diseases that affect commensal free-range simians in urban areas forms the basis for actions aimed at conservation of the species.