1
|
Farshbaf A, Zare R, Mohajertehran F, Mohtasham N. New diagnostic molecular markers and biomarkers in odontogenic tumors. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3617-3628. [PMID: 33822294 PMCID: PMC8021934 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Odontogenic tumors comprised of complex heterogeneous lesions that diverse from harmatomas to malignant tumors with different behavior and histology. The etiology of odontogenic tumors is not exactly determined and pathologists deal with challenges in diagnosis of odontogenic tumors because they are rare and obtained experiences are difficult to evaluate. In this study, we describe immunohistochemical and molecular markers in diagnosis of odontogenic tumors besides advanced diagnostic technique. Immunohistochemical features of odontogenic tumors beside the clinical features and radiological finding can help us to determine the correct diagnosis. Although these markers are neither specific nor sensitive enough, but analysis of gene expression provides definitive confirmation of diagnosis. In addition, "-omics" technology detected specific molecular alternation associated with etiology such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. The post transcriptional events such as DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling by histone modification affect the changes in epigenome. Furthermore, non-coding RNAs like micro-RNAs, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and small non-coding RNA (snoRNA) play regulatory role and impact odontogenesis. Molecular marker propose their potential role in etiopathogenesis of odontogenic tumors and suitable candidate in diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic approaches in addition to patient management. For future evaluations, organoid represents in vitro tumor model-study for tumor behavior, metastasis and invasion, drug screening, immunotherapy, clinical trial, hallmarks association with prognosis and evolution of personalized anti-cancer therapy. Moreover, organoid biobank help us to check genetic profile. We think more investigation and studies are needed to gain these knowledges that can shift therapeutic approaches to target therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Farshbaf
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Zare
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Contartese D, Salamanna F, Veronesi F, Fini M. Relevance of humanized three-dimensional tumor tissue models: a descriptive systematic literature review. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3913-3944. [PMID: 32285137 PMCID: PMC11104864 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous advances in tumor screening, diagnosis, and treatment, to date, tumors remain one of the leading causes of death, principally due to metastasis and the physiological damage produced by tumor growth. Among the main limits related to the study of tumor physiology there is the complex and heterogeneity nature of its environment and the absence of relevant, simple and inexpensive models able to mimic the biological processes occurring in patients allowing the correct clinical translation of results. To enhance the understanding of the mechanisms of tumors and to develop and evaluate new therapeutic approaches the set-up of advanced and alternative models is mandatory. One of the more translational approaches seems to be the use of humanized three-dimensional (3D) tissue culture. This model allows to accurately mimic tumor morphology and biology, maintaining the native microenvironment without any manipulation. However, little is still known on the real clinical relevance of these models for the study of tumor mechanisms and for the screening of new therapy. The aim of this descriptive systematic literature review was to evaluate and summarize the current knowledge on human 3D tumor tissue culture models. We reviewed the strategies employed by researchers to set-up these systems, also considering the different approaches and culture conditions used. All these aspects greatly contribute to the existing knowledge on tumors, providing a specific link to clinical scenarios and making the humanized 3D tumor tissue models a more attractive tool both for researchers and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Contartese
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Salamanna
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - F Veronesi
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Fini
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pereira NB, Bastos VC, de Souza JC, Diniz MG, Vitório JG, Kitten GT, de Oliveira Andrade L, de Avelar GF, Castro WH, Bernardes VF, Dias AAM, Gomez RS, Gomes CC. First insights for targeted therapies in odontogenic myxoma. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2451-2458. [PMID: 31713744 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Odontogenic myxoma (OM) occasionally responds poorly to surgical treatment. The MAPK pathway is constitutively activated in several neoplasms and we aimed to test if the MAPK pathway is activated in OM, in order to pave the way for an alternative therapy for aggressive and recurrent cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The immunoexpression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) was assessed in OM. We established a 3D organotypic culture model for the in vitro study and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) in mice for the in vivo study. The MEK inhibitor U0126 was used to inhibit phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS All OM showed strong pERK1/2 immunoexpression, consistent with MAPK pathway activation. Treatment of the 3D culture with U0126 resulted in a reduced pERK1/2/ERK1/2 ratio. Consistent with the in vitro results, all PDX of animals treated with U0126 showed a decreased volume fold change compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS The MAPK pathway is activated in OM and its inhibition leads to tumor shrinkage in PDX and cell culture models. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our results offer a pre-clinical frame for OM-targeted therapy. Further work is needed to determine if this initial finding holds clinical promise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núbia Braga Pereira
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Victor Coutinho Bastos
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cristina de Souza
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marina Gonçalves Diniz
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Gardone Vitório
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gregory Thomas Kitten
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana de Oliveira Andrade
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gleide Fernandes de Avelar
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Wagner Henriques Castro
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Fátima Bernardes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adriana Abalen Martins Dias
- Department of General Biology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carolina Cavalieri Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|