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Cui Y, Yu L, Cong W, Jiang S, Qiu X, Wei C, Zheng G, Mao J, Liu R, Patzak A, Persson PB, Chen J, Zhao L, Lai EY. Irisin preserves mitochondrial integrity and function in tubular epithelial cells after ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14211. [PMID: 39073055 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
AIMS A myokine secreted by skeletal muscles during exercise called irisin mitigates ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in epithelial cells of various organs by limiting damage to mitochondria. We test whether irisin may preserve the mitochondrial integrity and function in renal tubular epithelial cells and protect against ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS We correlated serum irisin levels with serum creatinine and BUN levels from both AKI patients and healthy individuals. In mice with irisin administration, various renal injury markers such as serum creatinine, BUN, kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and renal histopathology were assessed after I/R. To identify the potential mechanisms of the protective of irisin's protective effect, we perfused proximal tubules under confocal microscopy and analyzed kidney tissues by qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Serum irisin correlated inversely with serum creatinine and BUN levels were significantly lower in AKI patients than in healthy subjects. Administering irisin to mice after I/R decreased biomarker levels for AKI including serum creatinine, BUN, Kim-1, NAGL and lessened histological changes. In kidney tissues of mice, irisin upregulated the mitochondrial autophagy marker protein microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), the mitochondrial autophagy pathway-related proteins PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkinson's disease 2 parkin (PARK2) and downregulated the reactive substrate protein sequestosome 1 (P62) and mitochondrial membrane proteins translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOM20) and translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 23 (TIM23). CONCLUSION Irisin protects against renal I/R injury, which may involve the preservation of mitochondrial integrity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cui
- Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Cong
- Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Qiu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunchun Wei
- Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gui Zheng
- Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruisheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Hypertension and Kidney Research Center, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | - Andreas Patzak
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pontus B Persson
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - En Yin Lai
- Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Yan Y, Li Z, Zhang S, Bai F, Jing Y, Huang F, Yu Y. Remote limb ischemic preconditioning alleviated spinal cord injury through inhibiting proinflammatory immune response and promoting the survival of spinal neurons. Spinal Cord 2024:10.1038/s41393-024-01015-3. [PMID: 39154149 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-024-01015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Experimental animal study. OBJECTIVES To investigate the protective effect of remote limb ischemia preconditioning (RLPreC) on traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and explore the underlying biological mechanisms using RNA sequencing. SETTING China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing; China. METHODS spinal cord injury was induced in mice using a force of 0.7 N. RLPreC treatment was administered. Motor function, pain behavior, and gene expression were assessed. RESULTS RLPreC treatment significantly improved motor function and reduced pain-like behavior in SCI mice. RNA-Seq analysis identified 5247 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO analysis revealed enrichment of immune response, inflammatory signaling, and synaptic transmission pathways among these DEGs. KEGG analysis indicated suppression of inflammation and promotion of synapse-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS RLPreC is a promising therapeutic strategy for improving motor function and alleviating pain after traumatic SCI. RNA-Seq analysis provides insights into potential therapeutic targets and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Yan
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Li
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyue Zhang
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Bai
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingli Jing
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fubiao Huang
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yu
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Wang L, Wang W, Han R, Liu Y, Wu B, Luo J. Protective effects of melatonin on myocardial microvascular endothelial cell injury under hypertensive state by regulating Mst1. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:179. [PMID: 37005605 PMCID: PMC10068162 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the protective effects of melatonin on the hypertensive model in myocardial microvascular endothelial cells. METHODS Mouse myocardial microvascular endothelial cells were intervened with angiotensin II to establish hypertensive cell model and divided into control, hypertension (HP), hypertension + adenovirus negative control (HP + Ad-NC), hypertension + adenovirus carrying Mst1 (HP + Ad-Mst1), hypertension + melatonin (HP + MT), hypertension + adenovirus negative control + melatonin (HP + Ad-NC + MT), and hypertension + adenovirus carrying Mst1 + melatonin (HP + Ad-Mst1 + MT) groups. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscope. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Oxidative stress markers of MDA, SOD and GSH-PX were measured. The expression of LC3 and p62 was detected by immunofluorescence. Expression levels of Mst1, p-Mst1, Beclin1, LC3, and P62 were detected with Western blot. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the autophagosomes in HP, HP + Ad-Mst1, and HP + Ad-NC groups were significantly reduced. Compared with HP group, the autophagosomes in HP + Ad-Mst1 group were significantly reduced. The apoptosis of HP + MT group was significantly lower than HP group. Compared with HP + Ad-Mst1 group, the apoptosis of HP + Ad-Mst1 + MT group was significantly reduced. The ratio of JC-1 monomer in HP + MT group was significantly lower than HP group. Compared with HP + Ad-Mst1 group, the mitochondrial membrane potential of HP + Ad-Mst1 + MT group was also significantly reduced. MDA content in HP + MT group was significantly reduced, but SOD and GSH-PX activities were significantly increased. Compared with HP + Ad-Mst1 group, MDA content in HP + Ad-Mst1 + MT group was significantly reduced, whereas SOD and GSH-PX activities were increased significantly. Mst1 and p-Mst1 proteins in HP + MT group were significantly reduced. Compared with HP + Ad-Mst1 group, Mst1 and p-Mst1 in HP + Ad-Mst1 + MT group were reduced. P62 level was significantly decreased, while Beclin1 and LC3II levels were significantly increased. P62 in HP + MT group was significantly reduced, while Beclin1 and LC3II were significantly increased. Compared with HP + Ad-Mst1 group, P62 in HP + Ad-Mst1 + MT group was significantly reduced, but Beclin1 and LC3II were significantly increased. CONCLUSION Melatonin may inhibit apoptosis, increase mitochondrial membrane potential, and increase autophagy of myocardial microvascular endothelial cells under hypertensive state via inhibiting Mst1 expression, thereby exerting myocardial protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingpeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Ruimei Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinjiang Military General Hospital, 359 Youhao North Street, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China.
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China.
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4
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Effect of limb remote ischemic preconditioning on endogenous melatonin signaling in patients undergoing hepatectomy: A pilot prospective study. Asian J Surg 2023:S1015-9584(23)00140-9. [PMID: 36737336 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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5
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Xu Z, Wei Z, Zhu Y, Jing G, Chen L, Zhan J, Wu Y. Cardioprotection of mAb2G4/ODN/lip on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibiting the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:5034683. [PMID: 37151220 PMCID: PMC10159742 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5034683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence suggests that the interventions of NF-κB would likely effectively prevent inflammatory response and reduce myocardial damage in the ischemic myocardium. And the NF-кB decoy ODN is a specific inhibitor that suppresses the expression of NF-κB. Herein, we revealed the effect and possible mechanism of mAb2G4/ODN/lip on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI). As shown in the results, post-treatment with mAb2G4/ODN/lip improved the impaired histological morphology in the MI/RI model and elevated cell viability in the H/R model. The mAb2G4/ODN/lip complex inhibited the NLRP3 signaling pathway and decreased the expression of LDH, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that post-treatment with mAb2G4/ODN/lip exerted protective effects against I/R injuries by inhibiting the NF-кB-related inflammatory response. In summary, the present study may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for treating MI/RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhuoran Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yali Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guoqing Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Liufang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jia Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169, East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China
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6
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Ma XH, Liu JHZ, Liu CY, Sun WY, Duan WJ, Wang G, Kurihara H, He RR, Li YF, Chen Y, Shang H. ALOX15-launched PUFA-phospholipids peroxidation increases the susceptibility of ferroptosis in ischemia-induced myocardial damage. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:288. [PMID: 35970840 PMCID: PMC9378747 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a classic type of cardiovascular disease characterized by injury to cardiomyocytes leading to various forms of cell death. It is believed that irreversible myocardial damage resulted from I/R occurs due to oxidative stress evoked during the reperfusion phase. Here we demonstrate that ischemia triggers a specific redox reaction of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-phospholipids in myocardial cells, which acts as a priming signaling that initiates the outbreak of robust oxidative damage in the reperfusion phase. Using animal and in vitro models, the crucial lipid species in I/R injury were identified to be oxidized PUFAs enriched phosphatidylethanolamines. Using multi-omics, arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15) was identified as the primary mediator of ischemia-provoked phospholipid peroxidation, which was further confirmed using chemogenetic approaches. Collectively, our results reveal that ALOX15 induction in the ischemia phase acts as a “burning point” to ignite phospholipid oxidization into ferroptotic signals. This finding characterizes a novel molecular mechanism for myocardial ischemia injury and offers a potential therapeutic target for early intervention of I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Ma
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Jiang-Han-Zi Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chun-Yu Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wen-Jun Duan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. .,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. .,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100700, Beijing, China.
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7
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Qin S, Tian Z, Boidin M, Buckley BJR, Thijssen DHJ, Lip GYH. Irisin is an Effector Molecule in Exercise Rehabilitation Following Myocardial Infarction (Review). Front Physiol 2022; 13:935772. [PMID: 35845994 PMCID: PMC9276959 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.935772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Regular exercise is an effective non-pharmacological therapy for treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The therapeutic benefits of exercise are mediated partly through improved vascular and increase in metabolic health. Release of exercise-responsive myokines, including irisin, is associated with beneficial effects of exercise in CVD patients. Observations: The present review provides an overview of the role of exercise in cardiac rehabilitation of patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Further, the role of irisin as a motion-responsive molecule in improving vascular and metabolic health is explored. Possible mechanism of cardioprotective effect of irisin-mediated exercise on myocardial infarction are also summarized in this review. Conclusion and significance of the review: Irisin is associated with reduced inflammation, antioxidant properties, and anti-apoptotic effect, implying that it is a potential key mediator of the beneficial effects of exercise on vascular and metabolic health. The findings show that irisin is a promising therapeutic target for treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease, particularly post-MI. Further research should be conducted to elucidate the potential mechanisms of cardioprotective effects of irisin and explored whether irisin induced by exercise exerts rehabilitation effects post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Qin
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhenjun Tian
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenjun Tian,
| | - Maxime Boidin
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (EPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin J. R. Buckley
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Dick H. J. Thijssen
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Y. H. Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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8
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Tobeiha M, Jafari A, Fadaei S, Mirazimi SMA, Dashti F, Amiri A, Khan H, Asemi Z, Reiter RJ, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Evidence for the Benefits of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:888319. [PMID: 35795371 PMCID: PMC9251346 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.888319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland which produces melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone with critical physiological roles in the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin has been shown to possess anti-oxidant activity and neuroprotective properties. Numerous studies have shown that melatonin has significant functions in cardiovascular disease, and may have anti-aging properties. The ability of melatonin to decrease primary hypertension needs to be more extensively evaluated. Melatonin has shown significant benefits in reducing cardiac pathology, and preventing the death of cardiac muscle in response to ischemia-reperfusion in rodent species. Moreover, melatonin may also prevent the hypertrophy of the heart muscle under some circumstances, which in turn would lessen the development of heart failure. Several currently used conventional drugs show cardiotoxicity as an adverse effect. Recent rodent studies have shown that melatonin acts as an anti-oxidant and is effective in suppressing heart damage mediated by pharmacologic drugs. Therefore, melatonin has been shown to have cardioprotective activity in multiple animal and human studies. Herein, we summarize the most established benefits of melatonin in the cardiovascular system with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Fadaei
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Singhanat K, Apaijai N, Sumneang N, Maneechote C, Arunsak B, Chunchai T, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Therapeutic potential of a single-dose melatonin in the attenuation of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in prediabetic obese rats. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:300. [PMID: 35588335 PMCID: PMC11072751 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although acute melatonin treatment effectively reduces cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in lean rats by modulating melatonin receptor 2 (MT2), there is no information regarding the temporal effects of melatonin administration during cardiac I/R injury in prediabetic obese rats. Prediabetic obese rats induced by chronic consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) were used. The rats underwent a cardiac I/R surgical procedure (30-min of ischemia, followed by 120-min of reperfusion) and were randomly assigned to receive either vehicle or melatonin treatment. In the melatonin group, rats were divided into 3 different subgroups: (1) pretreatment, (2) treatment during ischemic period, (3) treatment at the reperfusion onset. In the pretreatment subgroup either a nonspecific MT blocker (Luzindole) or specific MT2 blocker (4-PPDOT) was also given to the rats prior to melatonin treatment. Pretreatment with melatonin (10 mg/kg) effectively reduced cardiac I/R injury by reducing infarct size, arrhythmia, and LV dysfunction. Reduction in impaired mitochondrial function, mitochondrial dynamic balance, oxidative stress, defective autophagy, and apoptosis were observed in rats pretreated with melatonin. Unfortunately, the cardioprotective benefits were not observed when 10-mg/kg of melatonin was acutely administered to the rats after cardiac ischemia. Thus, we increased the dose of melatonin to 20 mg/kg, and it was administered to the rats during ischemia or at the onset of reperfusion. The results showed that 20-mg/kg of melatonin effectively reduced cardiac I/R injury to a similar extent to the 10-mg/kg pretreatment regimen. The MT2 blocker inhibited the protective effects of melatonin. Acute melatonin treatment during cardiac I/R injury exerted protective effects in prediabetic obese rats. However, a higher dose of melatonin is required when given after the onset of cardiac ischemia. These effects of melatonin were mainly mediated through activation of MT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodchanan Singhanat
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Natticha Sumneang
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayodom Maneechote
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Busarin Arunsak
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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10
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Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Verification of Gene Targets for Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2056630. [PMID: 35463067 PMCID: PMC9033367 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2056630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) has become a thorny and unsolved clinical problem. The pathological mechanisms of MIRI are intricate and unclear, so it is of great significance to explore potential hub genes and search for some natural products that exhibit potential therapeutic efficacy on MIRI via targeting the hub genes. Methods First, the differential expression genes (DEGs) from GSE58486, GSE108940, and GSE115568 were screened and integrated via a robust rank aggregation algorithm. Then, the hub genes were identified and verified by the functional experiment of the MIRI mice. Finally, natural products with protective effects against MIRI were retrieved, and molecular docking simulations between hub genes and natural products were performed. Results 230 integrated DEGs and 9 hub genes were identified. After verification, Emr1, Tyrobp, Itgb2, Fcgr2b, Cybb, and Fcer1g might be the most significant genes during MIRI. A total of 75 natural products were discovered. Most of them (especially araloside C, glycyrrhizic acid, ophiopogonin D, polyphyllin I, and punicalagin) showed good ability to bind the hub genes. Conclusions Emr1, Tyrobp, Itgb2, Fcgr2b, Cybb, and Fcer1g might be critical in the pathological process of MIRI, and the natural products (araloside C, glycyrrhizic acid, ophiopogonin D, polyphyllin I, and punicalagin) targeting these hub genes exhibited potential therapeutic efficacy on MIRI. Our findings provided new insights to explore the mechanism and treatments for MIRI and revealed new therapeutic targets for natural products with protective properties against MIRI.
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11
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Pang P, Qu Z, Yu S, Pang X, Li X, Gao Y, Liu K, Liu Q, Wang X, Bian Y, Liu Y, Jia Y, Sun Z, Khan H, Mei Z, Bi X, Wang C, Yin X, Du Z, Du W. Mettl14 Attenuates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Wnt1/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:762853. [PMID: 35004673 PMCID: PMC8733823 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.762853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in RNA is a dynamic and reversible modification regulated by methyltransferases and demethylases, which has been reported to participate in many pathological processes of various diseases, including cardiac disorders. This study was designed to investigate an m6A writer Mettl14 on cardiac ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury and uncover the underlying mechanism. The m6A and Mettl14 protein levels were increased in I/R hearts and neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes upon oxidative stress. Mettl14 knockout (Mettl14+/−) mice showed pronounced increases in cardiac infarct size and LDH release and aggravation in cardiac dysfunction post-I/R. Conversely, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of Mettl14 markedly reduced infarct size and apoptosis and improved cardiac function during I/R injury. Silencing of Mettl14 alone significantly caused a decrease in cell viability and an increase in LDH release and further exacerbated these effects in the presence of H2O2, while overexpression of Mettl14 ameliorated cardiomyocyte injury in vitro. Mettl14 resulted in enhanced levels of Wnt1 m6A modification and Wnt1 protein but not its transcript level. Furthermore, Mettl14 overexpression blocked I/R-induced downregulation of Wnt1 and β-catenin proteins, whereas Mettl14+/− hearts exhibited the opposite results. Knockdown of Wnt1 abrogated Mettl14-mediated upregulation of β-catenin and protection against injury upon H2O2. Our study demonstrates that Mettl14 attenuates cardiac I/R injury by activating Wnt/β-catenin in an m6A-dependent manner, providing a novel therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Pang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhezhe Qu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuting Yu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaochen Pang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuelin Gao
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kuiwu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuzhu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Bian
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingqiong Jia
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hanif Khan
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongting Mei
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoqian Bi
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Changhao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinda Yin
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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12
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Effect of Rho-Kinase and Autophagy on Remote Ischemic Conditioning-Induced Cardioprotection in Rat Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Model. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:6806427. [PMID: 35082919 PMCID: PMC8758291 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6806427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a cardioprotective method in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study investigated the mechanism of Rho-kinase-mediated autophagy in RIC. Methods. Sixty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham, I/R, RIC, I/R+fasudil, RIC+wortmannin, and RIC+fasudil+wortmannin. Throughout the experiment, mean arterial pressure and heart rate were continuously monitored. Histopathology and ultrastructure and myocardial enzymes’ expression were evaluated to determine the degree of cardiac injury. The protein expression of the Rho-kinase substrates myosin light chain (MLC) and myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), autophagy-related protein light chain 3-II (LC3-II) and Beclin 1, and protein kinase B (AKT) was measured in the myocardial tissue. Results. Compared with the sham group, the mean arterial pressure and heart rate were decreased, myocardial enzyme levels were increased, and myocardial damage was aggravated in the I/R group; however, RIC improved these alterations. The expression of phosphorylated MLC and MYPT1 was lower, while LC3-II, Beclin 1, and phospho-AKT expression levels were higher in the RIC group compared with the I/R group. Obviously, treatment of the I/R group rats with fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, significantly ameliorated the I/R effects, whereas treatment of the RIC group rats with wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, inhibited the RIC protective effects. Moreover, the rats in the RIC+fasudil+wortmannin group showed similar changes to those in the RIC+wortmannin group. Conclusion. These results showed that RIC protected the myocardium from I/R injury by suppressing Rho-kinase and the underlying mechanism may be related to enhancing autophagy via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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13
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Ou D, Ni D, Li R, Jiang X, Chen X, Li H. Galectin‑1 alleviates myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury by reducing the inflammation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:143. [PMID: 35069824 PMCID: PMC8756402 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Ou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Dan Ni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
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14
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Wang X, Ji X. Interactions between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep regulation. Front Med 2021; 15:867-876. [PMID: 34811643 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are common in patients with stroke, and sleep quality has a critical role in the onset and outcome of stroke. Poor sleep exacerbates neurological injury, impedes nerve regeneration, and elicits serious complications. Thus, exploring a therapy suitable for patients with stroke and sleep disturbances is imperative. As a multi-targeted nonpharmacological intervention, remote ischemic conditioning can reduce the ischemic size of the brain, improve the functional outcome of stroke, and increase sleep duration. Preclinical/clinical evidence showed that this method can inhibit the inflammatory response, mediate the signal transductions of adenosine, activate the efferents of the vagal nerve, and reset the circadian clocks, all of which are involved in sleep regulation. In particular, cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and adenosine are sleep factors, and electrical vagal nerve stimulation can improve insomnia. On the basis of the common mechanisms of remote ischemic conditioning and sleep regulation, a causal relationship was proposed between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Conditioning Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100069, China.
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15
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Irisin: A Promising Target for Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5391706. [PMID: 34745418 PMCID: PMC8570861 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5391706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is defined as the total combined damage that occurs during a period of ischemia and following the recovery of blood flow. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and an inflammatory response are factors contributing to IRI-related damage that can each result in cell death. Irisin is a polypeptide that is proteolytically cleaved from the extracellular domain of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5). Irisin acts as a myokine that potentially mediates beneficial effects of exercise by reducing oxidative stress, improving mitochondrial fitness, and suppressing inflammation. The existing literature also suggests a possible link between irisin and IRI, involving mechanisms similar to those associated with exercise. This article will review the pathogenesis of IRI and the potential benefits and current limitations of irisin as a therapeutic strategy for IRI, while highlighting the mechanistic correlations between irisin and IRI.
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16
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Maak S, Norheim F, Drevon CA, Erickson HP. Progress and Challenges in the Biology of FNDC5 and Irisin. Endocr Rev 2021; 42:436-456. [PMID: 33493316 PMCID: PMC8284618 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In 2002, a transmembrane protein-now known as FNDC5-was discovered and shown to be expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain. It was virtually ignored for 10 years, until a study in 2012 proposed that, in response to exercise, the ectodomain of skeletal muscle FNDC5 was cleaved, traveled to white adipose tissue, and induced browning. The wasted energy of this browning raised the possibility that this myokine, named irisin, might mediate some beneficial effects of exercise. Since then, more than 1000 papers have been published exploring the roles of irisin. A major interest has been on adipose tissue and metabolism, following up the major proposal from 2012. Many studies correlating plasma irisin levels with physiological conditions have been questioned for using flawed assays for irisin concentration. However, experiments altering irisin levels by injecting recombinant irisin or by gene knockout are more promising. Recent discoveries have suggested potential roles of irisin in bone remodeling and in the brain, with effects potentially related to Alzheimer's disease. We discuss some discrepancies between research groups and the mechanisms that are yet to be determined. Some important questions raised in the initial discovery of irisin, such as the role of the mutant start codon of human FNDC5 and the mechanism of ectodomain cleavage, remain to be answered. Apart from these specific questions, a promising new tool has been developed-mice with a global or tissue-specific knockout of FNDC5. In this review, we critically examine the current knowledge and delineate potential solutions to resolve existing ambiguities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Maak
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Frode Norheim
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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17
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Ren Y, Ma X, Wang T, Cheng B, Ren L, Dong Z, Liu H. The Cerebroprotein Hydrolysate-I Plays a Neuroprotective Effect on Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting MEK/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway in Rats. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:2199-2208. [PMID: 34262280 PMCID: PMC8273906 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s313807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of cerebroprotein hydrolysate-I (CH-I) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS A total of 100 adult healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham group, model group, CH-I treated group, and cerebrolysin (CBL) positive group, consisting of 20 rats in each group. The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model of rats was built by inserting a suture into the left external carotid artery (ECA) through the internal carotid artery (ICA). Treatment was performed by intraperitoneal injection of CH-I (20 mg/kg). The neurobehavioral function of rats was evaluated by modified neurological severity scores (mNSS). TTC staining was used to detect the cerebral infarction volume (CIV) of rats. The morphological and structural changes of nerve cells were observed by HE staining and the neuronal apoptosis was counted by TUNEL assay. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was used to detect BDNF and pMEK1/2 expressions. The expressions of BDNF, pMEK1/2, pERK1/2, and pCREB were determined with Western blotting. RESULTS After treatment with CH-I, the mNSS and CIV of rats were improved (P<0.05). And the CH-I can reduce the degeneration and apoptosis of nerve cells in rats (P<0.01). Western blotting showed that the expressions of pMEK1/2, pERK1/2, and pCREB in rats were increased, while the expression of BDNF was decreased after modeling (P<0.05). After treatment, the expressions of pMEK1/2, pERK1/2, and pCREB in the CH-I group were decreased (P<0.05), while the expression of BDNF was significantly increased (P<0.05) compared with the model group. IHC showed that the expression of BDNF and pMEK1/2 was consistent with Western blotting. CONCLUSION It is suggested that the CH-I might play a neuroprotective role by inhibiting the expression of MEK-ERK-CREB and enhancing the expression of BDNF after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, thus improving the neurobehavioral function of MCAO/R rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Ren
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Ma
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohe Cheng
- Shandong Haoyun International Hospital of Stem Cells, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Leiming Ren
- Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehua Dong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zeng J, Tao J, Xia L, Zeng Z, Chen J, Wang Z, Meng J, Liu L. Melatonin inhibits vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis by improving mitochondrial function via up-regulation and demethylation of UQCRC1. Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 99:339-347. [PMID: 33332241 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that involves cell death and endothelial dysfunction. Melatonin is an endocrine hormone with anti-inflammatory and anti-AS effects. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for the anti-AS effects of melatonin are unknown. A previous study has shown that pyroptosis plays a detrimental role in the development of AS, therefore, this study was designed to investigate the anti-pyroptotic effects and potential mechanisms of melatonin in atherosclerotic endothelium. Our results show that melatonin attenuated the expression of genes related to pyroptosis, including NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Furthermore, melatonin up-regulated the expression of ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2), inhibited the methylation of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1 (UQCRC1), and reduced pyroptosis. The up-regulation of UQCRC1 by melatonin improved mitochondrial function, thereby inhibiting oxidative stress and endothelial cell pyroptosis. Collectively, our results indicate that melatonin prevents endothelial cell pyroptosis by up-regulating TET2 to inhibit the methylation of UQCRC1 and improving mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfa Zeng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Linzhen Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhaolin Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Nanchuan, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 408499, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zuo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Functional Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lushan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Carter JJ, Gardner JM, Poling BP, Welch MM, Nemeno JGE, Houghton JE, Dix RD. Transcriptional analysis of immune response genes during pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus retinitis in mice with murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1009032. [PMID: 33156834 PMCID: PMC7647057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an opportunistic human herpesvirus that causes a sight-threatening retinitis in immunosuppressed patients, especially those with AIDS. Using an established model of experimental murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) retinitis in mice with retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency (MAIDS), we have been attempting to define with greater clarity the immunologic mechanisms that contribute to the progression of AIDS-related HCMV retinitis in the unique immunosuppressive setting of HIV infection. Toward this end, we provide herein a comprehensive assessment of immune response gene expression during the onset and development of MAIDS-related MCMV retinitis employing NanoString nCounter. In so doing, we analyzed and compared the intraocular expressions of 561 immune response genes within MCMV-infected eyes of groups of healthy mice, MCMV-infected mice with MAIDS of 4 weeks' (MAIDS-4) duration, and MCMV-infected eyes of mice with MAIDS of 10 weeks' (MAIDS-10) duration. These animal groups show a progression of retinal disease from absolute resistance to retinitis development in healthy mice to the development of classic full-thickness retinal necrosis in MAIDS-10 mice but through an intermediate stage of retinal disease development in MAIDS-4 mice. Our findings showed that increased susceptibility to MCMV retinitis during the progression of MAIDS is associated with robust upregulation or downregulation of a surprisingly large number of immune response genes that operate within several immune response pathways often unique to each animal group. Analysis of 14 additional immune response genes associated with programmed cell death pathways suggested involvement of necroptosis and pyroptosis during MAIDS-related MCMV retinitis pathogenesis. Use of the NanoString nCounter technology provided new and unexpected information on the immunopathogenesis of retinitis within MCMV-infected eyes of mice with retrovirus-induced immunosuppression. Our findings may provide new insights into the immunologic events that operate during the pathogenesis of AIDS-related HCMV retinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J. Carter
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jesse M. Gardner
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Brent P. Poling
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Madeline M. Welch
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Judee Grace E. Nemeno
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John E. Houghton
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Dix
- Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Excessive ROS production and enhanced autophagy contribute to myocardial injury induced by branched-chain amino acids: Roles for the AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway and α7nAChR. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:165980. [PMID: 32980459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Leucine, isoleucine, and valine are diet derived and essential amino acids that are termed branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). BCAA are widely used as dietary supplements to boost muscle growth and enhance exercise performance. However, the effects of BCAA on myocardial function are largely unknown. This study was designed to investigate whether BCAA affect heart function and, if so, to further explore the underlying molecular basis for the observed effects. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups, the control group received solvent (water) and the BCAA group received 2% BCAA dissolved in water, for a successive period of 12 weeks. Compared with control, BCAA treatment significantly increased water consumption without changing body weight or diet consumption; heart tissue BCAA levels were increased, markers representative of myocardial injury in heart tissue including c-reactive protein and cardiac muscle troponin were increased ; and creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, and lactate dehydrogenase were increased in serum; severe myocardial fibrosis was observed by Masson staining, which was accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and decreased superoxide dismutase activity in heart tissue; both p-AMPK and p-ULK1 were significantly increased as was autophagy, judged by the presence of LC3 by western blotting and immunofluorescence, increased numbers of autophagosomes were found by transmission electron microscopy in the BCAA group. In vitro, 20 mmol/L BCAA significantly decreased cell viability and increased the production of ROS, as well as the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ULK1/ULK1 in cultured H9C2 cells. Treatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) improved cell viability and reversed ROS changes. Decreased H9C2 cell viability induced with 20 mmol/L BCAA was reversed by either blocking AMPK or inhibition of ULK1. Furthermore, blocking AMPK significantly decreased p-ULK1/ULK1, while inhibition of ULK1 reversed the enhanced expression of LC3-II/LC3-I induced by BCAA. Excessive ROS production and decreased cell viability induced by BCAA were further confirmed in primary cultured murine cardiomyocytes. Pharmacological activation of α7nAChR with PNU-282987 attenuated BCAA-induced injury in primary murine cardiomyocytes. However, this compound failed to suppress BCAA activation of AMPK and autophagy (LC3-II/I ratio). CONCLUSION These results provide the first evidence that treatment of mice with BCAA induced myocardial injury by triggering excessive ROS production and by enhancing AMPK-ULK1 pathway-dependent autophagy. These findings suggested that inhibition of either ROS production or autophagy may alleviate myocardial injury induced by BCAA.
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Clinical Application of Melatonin in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Current Evidence and New Insights into the Cardioprotective and Cardiotherapeutic Properties. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 36:131-155. [PMID: 32926271 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading global cause of mortality and disability, tending to happen in younger individuals in developed countries. Despite improvements in medical treatments, the therapy and long-term prognosis of CVDs such as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, atherosclerosis, heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and other CVDs threatening human life are not satisfactory enough. Therefore, many researchers are attempting to identify novel potential therapeutic methods for the treatment of CVDs. Melatonin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent with a wide range of therapeutic properties. Recently, several investigations have been carried out to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency in CVDs therapy, focusing on mechanistic pathways. Herein, this review aims to summarize current findings of melatonin treatment for CVDs.
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Wang Y, Han D, Zhou T, Zhang J, Liu C, Cao F, Dong N. Melatonin ameliorates aortic valve calcification via the regulation of circular RNA CircRIC3/miR-204-5p/DPP4 signaling in valvular interstitial cells. J Pineal Res 2020; 69:e12666. [PMID: 32369647 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is highly prevalent with marked morbidity and mortality rates and a lack of pharmaceutical treatment options because its mechanisms are unknown. Melatonin is reported to exert atheroprotective effects. However, whether melatonin protects against aortic valve calcification, a disease whose pathogenesis shares many similarities to that of atherosclerosis, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we found that the intragastric administration of melatonin for 24 weeks markedly ameliorated aortic valve calcification in high cholesterol diet (HCD)-treated ApoE-/- mice, as evidenced by reduced thickness and calcium deposition in the aortic valve leaflets, improved echocardiographic parameters (decreased transvalvular peak jet velocity and increased aortic valve area), and decreased osteogenic differentiation marker (Runx2, osteocalcin, and osterix) expression in the aortic valves. Consistent with these in vivo data, we also confirmed the suppression of in vitro calcification by melatonin in hVICs. Mechanistically, melatonin reduced the level of CircRIC3, a procalcification circular RNA, which functions by acting as a miR-204-5p sponge to positively regulate the expression of the procalcification gene dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4). Furthermore, CircRIC3 overexpression abolished the inhibitory effects of melatonin on hVIC osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, our results suggest that melatonin ameliorates aortic valve calcification via the regulation of CircRIC3/miR-204-5p/DPP4 signaling in hVICs; therefore, melatonin medication might be considered a novel pharmaceutical strategy for CAVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tingwen Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jibin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nianguo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Yang J, Liu H, Han S, Fu Z, Wang J, Chen Y, Wang L. Melatonin pretreatment alleviates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting autophagic flux via TLR4/MyD88/MEK/ERK/mTORC1 signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:12324-12337. [PMID: 32662527 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001252r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an important mechanism for cellular homeostasis and survival during pathologic stress conditions in the kidney, such as ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. In this study, renal IR was induced in female C57BL/6 mice after melatonin administration. Renal function, histological damage, inflammatory infiltration, cytokine production, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, autophagy changing, apoptosis levels, and autophagy-associated intracellular signaling pathway were assessed to evaluate the impact of antecedent melatonin treatment on IR-induced renal injury. The administration of melatonin resulted in significantly preserved renal function, and the protective effect was associated with ameliorated oxidative stress, limited pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. Moreover, autophagic flux was increased after melatonin administration while the apoptosis levels were decreased in the melatonin-pretreated mice. Using TAK-242 and CRX-527, we confirmed that MyD88-dependent TLR4 and MEK/ERK/mTORC1 signaling participated in melatonin-induced autophagy in IR mice. Collectively, our results provide novel evidence that antecedent melatonin treatment provides protection for the kidney against IR injury by enhancing autophagy, as regulated by the TLR4/MyD88/MEK/ERK/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Therefore, melatonin preconditioning offers a potential therapeutic approach to prevent renal IR injury related to various clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Yang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Han
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiren Fu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyuan Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai ChangZheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Tu T, Peng J, Jiang Y. FNDC5/Irisin: A New Protagonist in Acute Brain Injury. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:533-543. [PMID: 31914844 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Neurosurgical Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Neurosurgical Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Functions, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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High plasma levels of pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 are associated with poor outcome of cardiac-arrest patients: a single center experience. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:170. [PMID: 32293300 PMCID: PMC7158084 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic inflammation is an important feature of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). This study was designed to determine whether the plasma concentrations of some circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-17 [IL-8], IL-22, IL-23 and IL-33) are of value in predicting the outcome of patients after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during the post–cardiac arrest period. Methods This was a prospective observational clinical study. In total, 21 patients (survivors, n = 10; non-survivors, n = 11) who experienced cardiac arrest and successful ROSC with expected survival of at least 7 days were consecutively enrolled from January 2016 to December 2017. Of the 21 enrolled patients, ten survived were designated “survivors”. The other eleven patients died between 2 days and 1 months post ROSC. Venous blood was drawn at three time-points: baseline (< 1 h post ROSC), 2 days post ROSC and 7 days post ROSC. Plasma IL-8, IL-22, IL-23 and IL-33 were determined using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results Plasma creatinine levels, but aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, were elevated in non-survivors compared with survivors. Plasma levels of IL-17, IL-22, IL-23 and IL-33 of the 21 total patients did not change at 2 or 7 days post ROSC compared to baseline. In survivors, the plasma levels of IL-17 and IL-23 at 2 or 7 days post ROSC were lower than baseline. In non-survivors, plasma levels of IL-17 increased compared with baseline. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the plasma levels of IL-17 and IL-23 at 2 or 7 days post ROSC were able to predict the mortality of PCAS patients, and positively correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-II score and time to ROSC. Conclusion These results provide the first evidence that the elevated plasma IL-17 and IL-23 levels are associated with poor outcome in PCAS patients. The role of IL-17/IL-23 axis post ROSC is worth paying attention to in PCAS patients. Trial registration Clinicaltrial.govNCT02297776, 2014-11-21.
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Xin T, Lu C. Irisin activates Opa1-induced mitophagy to protect cardiomyocytes against apoptosis following myocardial infarction. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4474-4488. [PMID: 32155590 PMCID: PMC7093202 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is characterized by sudden ischemia and cardiomyocyte death. Mitochondria have critical roles in regulating cardiomyocyte viability and can sustain damage under ischemic conditions. Mitophagy is a mechanism by which damaged mitochondria are removed by autophagy to maintain mitochondrial structure and function. We investigated the role of the dynamin-like GTPase optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) in mitophagy following myocardial infarction. Opa1 expression was downregulated in infarcted hearts in vivo and in hypoxia-treated cardiomyocytes in vitro. We found that Opa1 overexpression protected cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-induced damage and enhanced cell viability by inducing mitophagy. Opa1-induced mitophagy was activated by treatment with irisin, which protected cardiomyocytes from further damage following myocardial infarction. Opa1 knockdown abolished the cardioprotective effects of irisin resulting in an enhanced inflammatory response, increased oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. Our data indicate that Opa1 plays an important role in maintaining cardiomyocyte viability and mitochondrial function following myocardial infarction by inducing mitophagy. Irisin can activate Opa1-induced mitophagy and protect against cardiomyocyte injury following myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xin
- The First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengzhi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Reperfusion Arrhythmias Increase after Superior Cervical Ganglionectomy Due to Conduction Disorders and Changes in Repolarization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051804. [PMID: 32155697 PMCID: PMC7084297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological concentrations of melatonin reduce reperfusion arrhythmias, but less is known about the antiarrhythmic protection of the physiological circadian rhythm of melatonin. Bilateral surgical removal of the superior cervical ganglia irreversibly suppresses melatonin rhythmicity. This study aimed to analyze the cardiac electrophysiological effects of the loss of melatonin circadian oscillation and the role played by myocardial melatonin membrane receptors, SERCA2A, TNFα, nitrotyrosine, TGFβ, KATP channels, and connexin 43. Three weeks after bilateral removal of the superior cervical ganglia or sham surgery, the hearts were isolated and submitted to ten minutes of regional ischemia followed by ten minutes of reperfusion. Arrhythmias, mainly ventricular tachycardia, increased during reperfusion in the ganglionectomy group. These hearts also suffered an epicardial electrical activation delay that increased during ischemia, action potential alternants, triggered activity, and dispersion of action potential duration. Hearts from ganglionectomized rats showed a reduction of the cardioprotective MT2 receptors, the MT1 receptors, and SERCA2A. Markers of nitroxidative stress (nitrotyrosine), inflammation (TNFα), and fibrosis (TGFβ and vimentin) did not change between groups. Connexin 43 lateralization and the pore-forming subunit (Kir6.1) of KATP channels increased in the experimental group. We conclude that the loss of the circadian rhythm of melatonin predisposes the heart to suffer cardiac arrhythmias, mainly ventricular tachycardia, due to conduction disorders and changes in repolarization.
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28
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Corrigendum. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12609. [PMID: 31657078 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xue X, Luo L. LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 contributes to ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by adsorption of microRNA-204 to regulating SOCS2 expression. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:2465-2480. [PMID: 31354024 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1648960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve pivotal roles in heart disease, while the role of lncRNA hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-antisense RNA 1 (HIF1A-AS1) is rarely mentioned. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 regulating suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) expression by adsorption of microRNA-204 (miR-204) on ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. Methods: The mouse model of I/R was established by left coronary artery occlusion. The expression of HIF1A-AS1, miR-204 and SOCS2 was determined. The mice were injected with HIF1A-AS1-siRNA, miR-204 mimics or their controls to investigate their effects on cardiac function and ventricular remodeling of mice after I/R injury. The binding relationship between HIF1A-AS1 and miR-204 as well as between miR-204 and SOCS2 were verified. Results: HIF1A-AS1 and SOCS2 were upregulated and miR-204 was downregulated in myocardial tissues in mice after I/R injury. LVEDD, LVEDS, LVEDP, LVMI and RVMI expression reduced while LVEF, LVFS, +dp/dt max and - dp/dt max increased through knockdown HIF1A-AS1 and upregulated miR-204. The expression of BNP, cTnI, LDH, CK, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and β-MHC reduced, and the expression of α-MHC increased when HIF1A-AS1 was poorly expressed and miR-204 was highly expressed. Silencing HIF1A-AS1 and upregulating miR-204 inhibited apoptosis of cells. LncRNA HIF1A-AS1 could act as ceRNA to adsorb miR-204 to suppress miR-204 expression and elevate SOCS2 expression. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that downregulation of HIF1A-AS1 and upregulation of miR-204 could alleviate ventricular remodeling and improve cardiac function in mice after myocardial I/R injury via regulating SOCS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xue
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Changzhou No.7 People' s Hospital , Changzhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Libo Luo
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Changzhou No.7 People' s Hospital , Changzhou , Jiangsu , China
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