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Patel M, Jomy J, Couban RJ, Scelleur HL, Busse JW. Transition Needs Among Veterans Living With Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review. Mil Med 2024; 189:556-565. [PMID: 37675856 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usad363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A third of Canadian Armed Forces veterans report difficulty adjusting to post-military life. Moreover, an estimated 40% of Canadian veterans live with chronic pain, which is likely associated with greater needs during the transition from military to civilian life. This review explores challenges and transition needs among military personnel living with chronic pain as they return to civilian life. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to July 2022, for qualitative, observational, and mixed-method studies exploring transition needs among military veterans released with chronic pain. Reviewers, working independently and in duplicate, conducted screening and used a standardized and pilot-tested data collection form to extract data from all included studies. Content analysis was used to create a coding template to identify patterns in challenges and unmet needs of veterans transitioning to civilian life, and we summarized our findings in a descriptive manner. RESULTS Of 10,532 unique citations, we identified 43 studies that reported transition challenges and needs of military personnel; however, none were specific to individuals released with chronic pain. Most studies (41 of 43; 95%) focused on military personnel in general, with one study enrolling individuals with traumatic brain injury and another including homeless veterans. We identified military-to-civilian challenges in seven areas: (1) identity, (2) interpersonal interactions/relationships, (3) employment, (4) education, (5) finances, (6) self-care and mental health, and (7) accessing services and care. CONCLUSIONS Military personnel who transition to civilian life report several important challenges; however, the generalizability to individuals released with chronic pain is uncertain. Further research is needed to better understand the transition experiences of veterans with chronic pain to best address their needs and enhance their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Patel
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote National Pain Centre, McMaster University, MDCL-2101, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jane Jomy
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Torontor, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Rachel J Couban
- Michael G. DeGroote National Pain Centre, McMaster University, MDCL-2101, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Hélène Le Scelleur
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jason W Busse
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote National Pain Centre, McMaster University, MDCL-2101, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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Matusevych T, Demeshkant N, Trusz S. Factor structure of academic resilience among Polish and Ukrainian students involved in remote education caused by Covid-19 and military aggression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1000. [PMID: 38200087 PMCID: PMC10781683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Academic resilience explains how students overcome various challenges or negative experiences that can hinder the learning process. The COVID pandemic as well as war conflicts might be significant factors affecting the structure of the academic resilience of students. This study attempted to assess the extent to which the Cassidy's construct of resilience can be used to interpret the behavior of other-Polish and Ukrainian samples, under remote education caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and Russian military aggression against the Ukrainian civils. Second, the relationships between resilience and students' self-efficacy were estimated. To test the factor structure of the resilience exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. Assumed structure reproduced to a greater extent among Polish (83.4% similarity) than in Ukrainian respondents (from 27 to 40%) and it was three or two factors for Polish and Ukrainian students, respectively. General self-efficacy positively correlated with resilience both among Polish and Ukrainian respondents confirming the concurrent validity of the scale. The discovered differences were explained by differences in the historical and sociocultural experiences of the two nations. If among Ukrainian students historical and social experiences actually lead to the formation of a pattern of Perseverance in Overcoming Problems, then in the factor analysis, this pattern should be reproduced in the form of a single factor. At the same time, experiences with negative emotions should give a second-factor Negative affect and emotional response. The results obtained confirmed this assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Matusevych
- UNESCO Chair on Science Education, Dragomanov Ukrainian State University, Pyrohova 9, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Nataliia Demeshkant
- Institute of Pedagogy, University of the National Education Commission, 4 Ingardena St., 30-060, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sławomir Trusz
- Department of Pedagogy, WSB University, Cieplaka 1C St., 41-300, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland
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Harris MPJ, Palmedo PC, Fleary SA. "What gets people in the door": An integrative model of student veteran mental health service use and opportunities for communication. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36227710 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2129977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore barriers and facilitators to mental health care among the student service member and veteran (SSM/V) population, develop an integrative model of mental health service use, and identify health communication opportunities. Participants: Participants were 21 current and former SSM/Vs recruited online and via snowball sampling. Methods: We conducted an emergent thematic analysis of in-depth interviews that took place in February 2021. Results: We identified eight major themes. Two were contextual (military culture, SSM/V identities), three were navigational (career repercussions, recognizing need, service availability/quality), and three were paths forward (high-quality accessible services, veteran peers/spaces, relevant outreach). Conclusions: We recommend higher education institutions promote SSM/V spaces, position mental health care as utilitarian, improve everyday mental health literacy, highlight service accessibility and quality, and deliver communications that reflect the diversity of SSM/V identities beyond the "warrior" archetype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalen P J Harris
- Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA
| | - P Christopher Palmedo
- Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sasha A Fleary
- Community Health and Social Sciences, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA
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Bedwell GJ, Louw C, Parker R, van den Broeke E, Vlaeyen JW, Moseley GL, Madden VJ. The influence of a manipulation of threat on experimentally-induced secondary hyperalgesia. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13512. [PMID: 35757170 PMCID: PMC9220919 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is thought to be influenced by the threat value of the particular context in which it occurs. However, the mechanisms by which a threat achieves this influence on pain are unclear. Here, we explore how threat influences experimentally-induced secondary hyperalgesia, which is thought to be a manifestation of central sensitization. We developed an experimental study to investigate the effect of a manipulation of threat on experimentally-induced secondary hyperalgesia in 26 healthy human adults (16 identifying as female; 10 as male). We induced secondary hyperalgesia at both forearms using high-frequency electrical stimulation. Prior to the induction, we used a previously successful method to manipulate threat of tissue damage at one forearm (threat site). The effect of the threat manipulation was determined by comparing participant-rated anxiety, perceived threat, and pain during the experimental induction of secondary hyperalgesia, between the threat and control sites. We hypothesized that the threat site would show greater secondary hyperalgesia (primary outcome) and greater surface area (secondary outcome) of induced secondary hyperalgesia than the control site. Despite a thorough piloting procedure to test the threat manipulation, our data showed no main effect of site on pain, anxiety, or threat ratings during high-frequency electrical stimulation. In the light of no difference in threat between sites, the primary and secondary hypotheses cannot be tested. We discuss reasons why we were unable to replicate the efficacy of this established threat manipulation in our sample, including: (1) competition between threats, (2) generalization of learned threat value, (3) safety cues, (4) trust, and requirements for participant safety, (5) sampling bias, (6) sample-specific habituation to threat, and (7) implausibility of (sham) skin examination and report. Better strategies to manipulate threat are required for further research on the mechanisms by which threat influences pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian J. Bedwell
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa,Pain Unit, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Caron Louw
- Pain Unit, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Romy Parker
- Pain Unit, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Emanuel van den Broeke
- Institute of Neuroscience, Division Cognitive and Systems, UC Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johan W. Vlaeyen
- Research Group Health Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Experimental Health Psychology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Victoria J. Madden
- Pain Unit, Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa,Research Group Health Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,IIMPACT in Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
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Canjar MR, Richard DL, Kappus RM. The impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health behaviors in student veterans. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:727-733. [PMID: 35109995 PMCID: PMC8801229 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pandemics have previously resulted in increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is unclear if the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will be amplified in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease, such as military populations, resulting in augmented cardiovascular events in Veterans. The purpose of this study was to determine if traditional behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease are amplified due to the COVID-19 pandemic and if risk factors are more prevalent in Veterans compared to non-Veterans. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-two student Veterans and 46 non-Veteran students between the ages of 18 and 35 completed a Qualtrics self-report questionnaire assessing health behaviors, physical activity, and mental health both before and during COVID-19. Veterans displayed worse pre-COVID cardiovascular health behaviors such as poor sleep habits, greater use of tobacco, alcohol, and energy drinks, and lower values of social engagement compared to non-Veterans. Many health behaviors remained unchanged in student Veterans during the pandemic. The non-Veteran group exhibited augmentation of cardiovascular health behaviors during COVID-19, shown through the worsening sleep habits, increased anxiety, and reduced physical activity. CONCLUSION Student Veterans demonstrate heightened risk for cardiovascular disease based on the pre-COVID elevation of behavioral risk factors. These behavioral factors continued to remain elevated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-Veteran students displayed amplification of behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These results highlight the need for resources and interventions for our student veterans and suggest long-term cardiovascular consequences for all students who suffered through the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Canjar
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Dylan L Richard
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca M Kappus
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA.
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Reyes AT, Serafica R, Sojobi A. College student veterans' experience with a mindfulness- and acceptance-based mobile app intervention for PTSD: A qualitative study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:497-506. [PMID: 33280672 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore college student military veterans' experience with a mindfulness- and acceptance-based smartphone app intervention. Upon the 4-week participation in the intervention, 23 student veterans took part in semi-structured interviews. In the thematic analysis of the interview transcripts, three main themes emerged: (1) generating momentum of app use; (2) optimizing the functions and benefits of the app; and (3) resolving to deepen the practice of mindfulness and acceptance. Considering the low engagement rates of several previous app-based studies, our results provide a useful framework for incorporating human feedback and support in enhancing users' engagement with the app.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reimund Serafica
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Angela Sojobi
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Reyes AT, Muthukumar V, Bhatta TR, Bombard JN, Gangozo WJ. Promoting Resilience Among College Student Veterans Through an Acceptance-and-Commitment-Therapy App: An Intervention Refinement Study. Community Ment Health J 2020; 56:1206-1214. [PMID: 32274621 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Military veterans' stigmatized views on mental disorders and traditional mental health care considerably reduce veterans' access to mental health services. The present study aimed to refine a previously developed non-stigmatizing smartphone-app intervention based on the principles of acceptance and commitment therapy for college student veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To this end, we tested the acceptability of the developed prototype using a mixed-method study design. A total of nine student veterans participated in the study by using the app intervention and completing pre-post study measures and a post-intervention qualitative interview. The results showed that the intervention was highly acceptable. The results of the qualitative data analysis highlighted relevant themes related to strategies for improving the content, delivery, and structure of the intervention. The results also showed that, despite a decrease in the participants' adherence as the intervention progressed, there was a consistent improvement in the participants' resilience, PTSD, and rumination. Based on the results, the intervention was revised for prospective feasibility and efficacy testing. Our results highlight the need to use a collaborative approach in the early stage of the development of self-management PTSD interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thomas Reyes
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453018, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-3018, USA.
| | - Venkatesan Muthukumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Tirth R Bhatta
- Department of Sociology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Judzia N Bombard
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453018, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-3018, USA
| | - William J Gangozo
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453018, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-3018, USA
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Angosta AD, Reyes AT, Cross C, Pollom T, Sood K. Cardiovascular disease knowledge, risk factors, and resilience among US veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2020; 33:947-958. [PMID: 32976251 DOI: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of hospitalization and disability among the US veterans. Information about CVD knowledge and risk factors, and connection between psychological health and CVD among veterans transitioning from the military are limited. PURPOSE We examined the existing knowledge of CVD and its risk factors among the US veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the relationship between knowledge, risk factors, resilience, and PTSD. METHODS A total of 104 veterans participated in our study by responding to the Primary Care PTSD Screen for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire (HDFQ) knowledge scale, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10. Data were extracted from the online Qualtrics survey software into SPSS (v. 25) for analysis. RESULTS Mean age was 52.3 years, mostly males (85.6%), married (72.1%), employed (54.8%), and with college education. Most were in the Navy or Air Force (72.1%) and served in a war (68.0%). Hypertension, high cholesterol, and obesity were the most common CVD risk factors reported. Average CVD knowledge score was 85%. Marines scored higher on resilience than other branches of the military. Seventeen percent reported having PTSD. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 was significantly correlated with the HDFQ in the probable PTSD group (r = .589, p = .013). IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Our study provides information about the knowledge and risk factors of CVD among veterans and insights about interventions needed to improve CV health. Nurse practitioners should assess the CV and psychological health of veterans and screen for PTSD to provide appropriate care and referral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona D Angosta
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Nursing, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | | | - Chad Cross
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Trevor Pollom
- Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada
| | - Komal Sood
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Las Vegas, Nevada
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Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To explore the resilience experience of new nurses and how new nurses develop and apply resilience strategies to cope with the difficulties during the transition period.
Methods
A descriptive qualitative research method was on data acquired using data semi-structured interviews with 12 new nurses aged 20–26 years whose working time was more than 12 months but less than 24 months.
Results
Analysis of the data could determine participants adopting resilience strategies to withstand difficulties and challenges in transition period. This period consisted of three main phases: “self-protection,” “undertaking challenges,” and “planning future.” The first-line nurse managers’ feedback and flexible shift scheduling paid a vital part in promoting the resilience development of new nurses.
Conclusions
Recognizing the importance of understanding and developing the resilience of new nurses in the transition period could greatly reduce the turnover rate and alleviate the shortage of nurses in global nursing workforce.
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Reyes AT, Bhatta TR, Muthukumar V, Gangozo WJ. Testing the acceptability and initial efficacy of a smartphone-app mindfulness intervention for college student veterans with PTSD. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:58-66. [PMID: 32248935 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This single-arm, pre-post feasibility study evaluated the acceptability and initial efficacy of a mindfulness smartphone-app intervention intended to promote resilience and improve posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among college student military veterans. The app contained mindfulness exercises and meditations based on the acceptance and commitment therapy. Twenty-three student veterans used the app for four weeks. The results showed high levels of perceived satisfaction and usability of the app. Significant changes in resilience, mindfulness, PTSD, experiential avoidance, and rumination were observed. Future research is needed to test the intervention in a randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tirth R Bhatta
- Department of Sociology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Venkatesan Muthukumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - William J Gangozo
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Elliott B, Chargualaf KA, Patterson B. Committing to my mission: Faculty experiences with student veterans in baccalaureate nursing education. Nurs Forum 2019; 54:619-628. [PMID: 31498460 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Veterans transition to baccalaureate nursing education with significant experiences from their military service. Faculty play a role in facilitating this transition, in and out of the classroom. Approaches to enhance nursing education programs to better meet student veterans' needs have been proposed. However, less is known about the experiences of faculty teaching student veterans. A qualitative descriptive design was used to examine nursing faculty experiences teaching veterans, and in facilitating veterans' transfer of learning and knowledge from their military experience to baccalaureate nursing education. Semi-structured interviews with twelve faculty from the United States were conducted and data analyzed using content and thematic analysis. Three major themes included: committing to my mission, facilitating a shared understanding between military service and nursing, and appreciating a new duty. Results support faculty purposefully engaging in activities to increase their cultural sensitivity, while continuously developing humility and competence, to be successful teaching student veterans. Nursing faculty are positioned to leverage education as a means to improve the social status of veterans, ultimately improving their health and well-being, as well as academic success. It is recommended schools of nursing encourage and support faculty in attending professional development activities aimed at improving individual cultural sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Elliott
- Division of Nursing and Health Sciences, Wilson College, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania
| | - Katie A Chargualaf
- School of Nursing, University of South Carolina Aiken, Aiken, South Carolina
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Reyes AT, Kearney CA, Bombard JN, Boni RL, Senette CL, Acupan AR. Student Veterans' Coping with Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: A Glaserian Grounded Theory Study. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:655-664. [PMID: 31135258 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1591545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the ways in which student military veterans cope with their posttraumatic stress symptoms. The participants were a total of 21 military veterans attending a U.S. university. The results of the grounded theory data analysis reveal the core category of modulating intrusions, a process indicating how student veterans cope with recurrent and unwanted posttraumatic stress experiences. Our findings also demonstrate that veterans cope by either avoiding or allowing themselves to experience the pain associated from their traumatic experiences. The proposed framework can be meaningfully used to facilitate the development of adaptive coping among veterans with posttraumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thomas Reyes
- a School of Nursing , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| | - Christopher A Kearney
- b Department of Psychology , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| | - Judzia N Bombard
- a School of Nursing , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| | - Rebecca L Boni
- c College of Nursing , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan , USA
| | - Carol Lynn Senette
- d School of Nursing , University of Alaska Anchorage , Anchorage , Alaska , USA
| | - Alvin Ryan Acupan
- a School of Nursing , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
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13
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Understanding learning transfer of veterans in baccalaureate nursing programs: Their experience as student nurses. Nurse Educ Pract 2019; 39:124-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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