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Mitchell JL, Del Pozo J, Woolley CSC, Dheendsa R, Hope JC, Gunn-Moore DA. Histological and immunohistochemical features suggesting aetiological differences in lymph node and (muco)cutaneous feline tuberculosis lesions. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 63:174-187. [PMID: 34101189 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify and describe histological and immunohistochemical criteria that may differentiate between skin and lymph node lesions associated with Mycobacterium (M.) bovis and M. microti in a diagnostic pathology setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Archived skin and lymph node biopsies of tuberculous lesions were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Ziehl-Neelsen and Masson's Trichrome. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of calprotectin, CD3 and Pax5. Samples were scored for histological parameters (i.e. granulomas with central necrosis versus small granulomas without central necrosis, percentage necrosis and/or multinucleated giant cells), number of acid-fast bacilli (bacterial index) and lesion percentage of fibrosis and positive immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Twenty-two samples were examined (M. bovis n=11, M. microti n=11). When controlling for age, gender and tissue, feline M. bovis-associated lesions more often featured large multi-layered granulomas with central necrosis. Conversely, this presentation was infrequent in feline M. microti-associated lesions, where small granulomas without central necrosis predominated. The presence of an outer fibrous capsule was variable in both groups, as was the bacterial index. There were no differences in intralesional expression of immunohistochemical markers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Differences in the histological appearance of skin and lymph node lesions may help to infer feline infection with either M. bovis or M. microti at an earlier stage when investigating these cases, informing clinicians of the potential zoonotic risk. Importantly, cases of tuberculosis can present with numerous acid-fast bacilli. This implies that a high bacterial index does not infer infection with non-zoonotic non-tuberculous mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Mitchell
- *Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - J Del Pozo
- *Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - C S C Woolley
- *Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - R Dheendsa
- *Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - J C Hope
- *Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - D A Gunn-Moore
- *Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
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Černá P, L. Mitchell J, Lodzinska J, Cazzini P, Varjonen K, Gunn-Moore DA. Systemic Mycobacterium kansasii Infection in Two Related Cats. Pathogens 2020; 9:E959. [PMID: 33218094 PMCID: PMC7698836 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterial infections are a major concern in veterinary medicine because of the difficulty achieving an etiological diagnosis, the challenges and concerns of treatment, and the potential zoonotic risk. Mycobacterium kansasii, a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria, causes disease in both humans and animals. While infections have been well described in humans, where it may be misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, there are fewer reports in animals. Only four cases have been reported in the domestic cat. This case report describes systemic M. kansasii infection in two sibling indoor-only cats that presented two and half years apart with cutaneous disease that was found to be associated with osteolytic and pulmonary pathology. Infection with M. kansasii was confirmed in both cats by polymerase chain reaction on fine-needle aspirate of a lumbosacral soft tissue mass in one cat and on a tissue punch biopsy of a skin lesion in the other; interferon-gamma release assay inferred M. avium-complex and M. tuberculosis-complex infection in the two cats, respectively. Both patients made a full recovery following antimicrobial therapy with rifampicin, azithromycin, and pradofloxacin (plus N-acetyl cysteine in cat 2). This report highlights successful treatment of systemic M. kansasii mycobacteriosis in the cat and the challenge of accurately diagnosing this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Černá
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, CO 80528, USA;
- The University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jordan L. Mitchell
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
| | - Joanna Lodzinska
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
| | - Paola Cazzini
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
| | - Katarina Varjonen
- AniCura Djursjukhuset Albano, Rinkebyvägen 21A, 182 36 Danderyd, Sweden;
| | - Danièlle A. Gunn-Moore
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (J.L.); (P.C.); (D.A.G.-M.)
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3
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Giuliano A, Watson P, Owen L, Skelly B, Davison L, Dobson J, Costantino‐Casas F. Idiopathic sterile pyogranuloma in three domestic cats. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:202-205. [PMID: 29761888 PMCID: PMC7166439 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pyogranulomatous inflammation has been extensively described in cats, in particular in cases of feline infectious peritonitis and also associated with Mycobacteria, Actinomyces, Nocardia, Rhodococcus and fungal infections. Idiopathic sterile pyogranulomatous dermatitis has also been described. In this case series we describe the clinical presentation, histopathology and outcome of three cases of feline idiopathic sterile steroid-responsive pyogranuloma with different presentation and different locations of the lesion, but with the common feature of having a mass with no superficial skin involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giuliano
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - P. Watson
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - L. Owen
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - B. Skelly
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - L. Davison
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - J. Dobson
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - F. Costantino‐Casas
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
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Munasinghe L, Bryan L, Dillon C. What is your diagnosis? A shoulder mass in a great horned owl. Vet Clin Pathol 2019; 48:493-495. [PMID: 31002410 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorraine Bryan
- Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Chelsea Dillon
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Danesi P, Ravagnan S, Johnson LR, Furlanello T, Milani A, Martin P, Boyd S, Best M, Galgut B, Irwin P, Canfield PJ, Krockenberger MB, Halliday C, Meyer W, Malik R. Molecular diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in dogs. Med Mycol 2018; 55:828-842. [PMID: 28339756 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening fungal disease that can occur in dogs. The aim of this study was to provide a preliminary genetic characterisation of Pneumocystis carinii f.sp.'canis' (P. canis) in dogs and thereby develop a reliable molecular protocol to definitively diagnose canine PCP. We investigated P. canis in a variety of lung specimens from dogs with confirmed or strongly suspected PCP (Group 1, n = 16), dogs with non-PCP lower respiratory tract problems (Group 2, n = 65) and dogs not suspected of having PCP or other lower respiratory diseases (Group 3, n = 11). Presence of Pneumocystis DNA was determined by nested PCR of the large and small mitochondrial subunit rRNA loci and by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay developed using a new set of primers. Molecular results were correlated with the presence of Pneumocystis morphotypes detected in cytological/histological preparations. Pneumocystis DNA was amplified from 13/16 PCP-suspected dogs (Group 1) and from 4/76 dogs of control Groups 2 and 3 (combined). The latter four dogs were thought to have been colonized by P. canis. Comparison of CT values in 'infected' versus 'colonized' dogs was consistent with this notion, with a distinct difference in molecular burden between groups (CT ≤ 26 versus CT range (26 <CT < 35), respectively). Phylogenetic analyses showed that P. canis is specifically 'canine' associated, being separated from other mammalian Pneumocystis species, thereby confirming the accuracy of qPCR amplicon for Pneumocystis in dogs. Using qPCR, Pneumocystis DNA can be detected in specimens from the respiratory tract and a CT value can be interpreted to distinguish infection versus colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Danesi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Silvia Ravagnan
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Lynelle R Johnson
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - Adelaide Milani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Patricia Martin
- Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Services, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Boyd
- QML Vetnostics, Riverview Place, Metroplex on Gateway, Murrarie, QLD Australia
| | - Matthew Best
- Brisbane Veterinary Specialist Centre, Corner Keong & Old Northern Roads, Albany Creek, QLD Australia
| | - Bradley Galgut
- Australian Specialised Animal Pathology (ASAP) Laboratories, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Irwin
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul J Canfield
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark B Krockenberger
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catriona Halliday
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, ICPMR - Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard Malik
- Centre for Veterinary Education, B22, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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O'Brien CR, Malik R, Globan M, Reppas G, McCowan C, Fyfe JA. Feline leprosy due to Candidatus 'Mycobacterium tarwinense':Further clinical and molecular characterisation of 15 previously reported cases and an additional 27 cases. J Feline Med Surg 2017; 19:498-512. [PMID: 28438086 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x17706467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper, the first in a series of three on 'feline leprosy', provides a detailed description of disease referable to Candidatus 'Mycobacterium tarwinense', the most common cause of feline leprosy in Victoria, Australia. METHODS Cases were sourced retrospectively and prospectively for this observational study, describing clinical, geographical and molecular microbiological data for cats definitively diagnosed with Candidatus 'M tarwinense' infection. RESULTS A total of 145 cases of feline leprosy were scrutinised; 114 'new' cases were sourced from the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory records, veterinary pathology laboratories or veterinarians, and 31 cases were derived from six published studies. Forty-two cats were definitively diagnosed with Candidatus 'M tarwinense' infection. Typically, cats were between 3 and 11 years of age, with no gender predilection, and were generally systemically well. All had outdoor access. Most cats underwent surgical resection of lesions with adjunctive medical therapy, often utilising a combination of oral clarithromycin and rifampicin for at least 3 months. Prognosis for recovery was generally good. Resolution of lesions was not observed in the absence of treatment, but a number of untreated cats continued to enjoy an acceptable quality of life despite persistence of the disease, which extended locally but did not appear to disseminate to internal organs. Preliminary results of draft genome sequencing confirmed that the species is a member of the Mycobacterium simiae complex. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Candidatus 'M tarwinense', a fastidious member of the M simiae complex, is capable of causing feline leprosy with a tendency to produce lesions on the head, particularly involving the eyes and periocular skin. The disease has an indolent clinical course and generally responds favourably to therapy despite lesions often containing large numbers of organisms. Detailed genomic analysis may yield clues as to the environmental niche and culture requirement of this elusive organism. Prospective treatment trials and/or drug susceptibility testing in specialised systems would further inform treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn R O'Brien
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Richard Malik
- 2 Centre for Veterinary Education, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Maria Globan
- 3 Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - George Reppas
- 4 Vetnostics, 60 Waterloo Road, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
| | - Christina McCowan
- 1 Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia.,5 Department of Environment and Primary Industries, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Janet A Fyfe
- 3 Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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Lalor SM, Clarke S, Pink J, Parry A, Scurrell E, Fitzpatrick N, Watson F, O'Halloran C, Gunn-Moore D. Tuberculosis joint infections in four domestic cats. JFMS Open Rep 2017; 3:2055116917719401. [PMID: 28804639 PMCID: PMC5533263 DOI: 10.1177/2055116917719401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Case series summary This paper describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging findings and outcome in four cats with confirmed joint-associated tuberculosis. The cats were 2–6 years of age, and immune competent. Three cases had tuberculosis affecting only one joint, whereas one case had at least three joints affected. Two cases were caused by Mycobacterium bovis, and the other two were caused by Mycobacterium microti. Radiological findings included osteolysis, periosteal reaction and associated soft tissue swelling. Two cases were euthanased and two cases responded well to amputation and follow-on antibiotic therapy. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first publication of a series of cats with joint-associated tuberculosis. Although tuberculosis is not common, a high degree of suspicion is needed to avoid delayed diagnosis. This case series highlights the importance of considering mycobacterial disease as a differential for joint disease in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Lalor
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Highlands Road, Solihull, UK
| | - Stephen Clarke
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Highlands Road, Solihull, UK
| | - Jonathan Pink
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Highlands Road, Solihull, UK
| | - Andrew Parry
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Highlands Road, Solihull, UK
| | | | | | | | - Conor O'Halloran
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, UK
| | - Danielle Gunn-Moore
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, UK
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9
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Exploring tuberculosis by molecular tests on DNA isolated from smear microscopy slides. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 56:248-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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10
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Vishkautsan P, Reagan KL, Keel MK, Sykes JE. Mycobacterial panniculitis caused by Mycobacterium thermoresistibile in a cat. JFMS Open Rep 2016; 2:2055116916672786. [PMID: 28491439 PMCID: PMC5362841 DOI: 10.1177/2055116916672786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CASE SUMMARY A domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for chronic, bilateral, ulcerative dermatitis affecting the inguinal region and lateral aspects of both pelvic limbs. Histopathologic examination of skin biopsies collected throughout the course of disease revealed chronic pyogranulomatous ulcerative dermatitis. Aerobic bacterial skin cultures yielded growth of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium amycolatum. Upon referral the clinical findings were suggestive of a non-tuberculous Mycobacterium species infection. Previously obtained skin cultures failed to yield growth of mycobacterial organisms. A deep skin biopsy was collected and submitted for mycobacterial culture. At 5 weeks of incubation Mycobacterium thermoresistibile was isolated. In previous reports, M thermoresistibile has been isolated after 2-4 days of incubation, suggesting that this strain may have been a slower growing variant, or other factors (such as prior antimicrobial therapy) inhibited rapid growth of this isolate. The cat was hospitalized for intravenous antibiotic therapy, surgical debridement of wounds, vacuum-assisted wound closure therapy and reconstruction procedures. The wounds were ultimately primarily closed and the cat was discharged to the owner after 50 days of hospitalization. Seven months after hospitalization, the ulcerative skin lesions had healed. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION To our knowledge, only two cases of M thermoresistibile panniculitis have been reported in cats. In the only detailed report of feline M thermoresistibile panniculitis, treatment was not attempted. The second case only reported detection of M thermoresistibile by PCR without a clinical description of the case. In our case report, severe chronic skin infection with M thermoresistibile was addressed using prolonged specific antibiotic therapy, surgical debridement and reconstructions, and treatment of secondary bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Vishkautsan
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Krystle L Reagan
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - M Kevin Keel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jane E Sykes
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Racsa LD, DeLeon-Carnes M, Hiskey M, Guarner J. Identification of bacterial pathogens from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues by using 16S sequencing: retrospective correlation of results to clinicians' responses. Hum Pathol 2016; 59:132-138. [PMID: 27717884 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
16S sequencing on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) material has been used to identify bacteria when culture-based phenotyping techniques have not worked. The objective of this study was to determine how frequently 16S sequencing used in FFPE material was helpful to clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Requests for testing occurred upon consultation between an infectious disease pathologist and a surgical pathologist or an infectious disease physician. A selected paraffin block from each case was referred for 16S sequencing. Retrospectively, we correlated clinical history and management decisions on 27 cases that were tested by paneubacterial 16S sequencing. Samples included 24 surgical specimens, 1 autopsy, and 2 cytology blocks. Seventeen (63%) of the 27 cases had a positive 16S sequencing. Acute inflammation was present in 10 of these cases, and organisms were observed using special stains in 3. In 11 (65%) of the 17 cases, clinicians considered the organism identified by 16S sequencing to be the cause or possible cause of the infectious process. Organisms included common (Citrobacter) and fastidious bacteria (Haemophilus, Fusobacterium). In 3 cases, clinicians changed antibiotic treatment based on the bacteria identified, whereas in 8 (including 2 where no organism was found), clinicians continued the antibiotic treatment. The use of 16S sequencing on FFPE identified specific bacteria even when organisms were not observed histopathologically. 16S results had an impact in infectious disease management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori D Racsa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322;.
| | - Marlene DeLeon-Carnes
- Infectious Disease Pathology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30303.
| | - Matthew Hiskey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322;.
| | - Jeannette Guarner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322;.
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Torii E, Reppas G, Krockenberger MB, Fyfe JA, O'Brien CR, Malik R. Autochthonous feline leprosy caused byMycobacteriumsp. strain Tarwin affecting a cat from the Central Coast of New South Wales. Aust Vet J 2016; 94:285-9. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Torii
- PETstock VET Gosford; West Gosford New South Wales Australia
| | - G Reppas
- Vetnostics; North Ryde NSW Australia
| | - MB Krockenberger
- Faculty of Veterinary Science; The University of Sydney; NSW Australia
| | - JA Fyfe
- Victorian Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - CR O'Brien
- Victorian Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - R Malik
- Centre for Veterinary Education; The University of Sydney; NSW Australia
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13
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Möstl K, Addie DD, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Frymus T, Gruffydd-Jones T, Hartmann K, Hosie MJ, Lloret A, Lutz H, Marsilio F, Pennisi MG, Radford AD, Thiry E, Truyen U, Horzinek MC. Something old, something new: Update of the 2009 and 2013 ABCD guidelines on prevention and management of feline infectious diseases. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 17:570-82. [PMID: 26101308 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x15588448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OVERVIEW The ABCD has published 34 guidelines in two Special Issues of the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (JFMS): the first in July 2009 (Volume 11, Issue 7, pages 527-620) and the second in July 2013 (Volume 15, Issue 7, pages 528-652). The present article contains updates and new information on 18 of these (17 disease guidelines and one special article 'Prevention of infectious diseases in cat shelters'). For detailed information, readers are referred to the guidelines published in the above-mentioned JFMS Special Issues.
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Reppas G, Gottlieb T, Krockenberger M, Halliday C, Malik R. Microsphaeropsis arundinis: an emerging cause of phaeohyphomycosis in cats and people. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ma15025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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