1
|
Supreme C, Damus O, Frederick J, Lemoine JF, Raccurt C, McBeath J, Mirzai N, Ogoma SB, Corbel V, Impoinvil D, Killeen GF, Czeher C. Entomological assessment of hessian fabric transfluthrin vapour emanators as a means to protect against outdoor-biting Aedes after providing them to households for routine use in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298919. [PMID: 38805442 PMCID: PMC11132518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A simple treated fabric device for passively emanating the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin was recently developed in Tanzania that protected against nocturnal Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes for several months. Here these transfluthrin emanators were assessed in Port-au-Prince, Haiti against outdoor-biting Aedes. METHODS Transfluthrin emanators were distributed to participating households in poor-to-middle class urban neighbourhoods and evaluated once every two months in terms of their effects on human landing rates of wild Aedes populations. A series of three such entomological assessment experiments were conducted, to examine the influence of changing weather conditions, various transfluthrin formulations and emanator placement on protective efficacy measurements. Laboratory experiments assessed resistance of local Aedes aegypti to transfluthrin and deltamethrin, and the irritancy and repellency of the transfluthrin-treated fabric used in the field. RESULTS Across all three entomological field assessments, little evidence of protection against wild Ae. aegypti was observed, regardless of weather conditions, transfluthrin formulation or emanator placement: A generalized linear mixed model fitted to the pooled data from all three assessment rounds (921 females caught over 5129 hours) estimated a relative landing rate [95% Confidence interval] of 0.87 [0.73, 1.04] for users of treated versus untreated emanators (P = 0.1241). Wild Ae. aegypti in this setting were clearly resistant to transfluthrin when compared to a fully susceptible colony. CONCLUSIONS Transfluthrin emanators had little if any apparent effect upon Aedes landing rates by wild Ae. aegypti in urban Haiti, and similar results have been obtained by comparable studies in Tanzania, Brazil and Peru. In stark contrast, however, parallel sociological assessments of perspectives among these same end-users in urban Haitian communities indicate strong satisfaction in terms of perceived protection against mosquitoes. It remains unclear why the results obtained from these complementary entomological and sociological assessments in Haiti differ so much, as do those from a similar set of studies in Brazil. It is encouraging, however, that similar contrasts between the entomological and epidemiological results of a recent large-scale assessment of another transfluthrin emanator product in Peru, which indicate they provide useful protection against Aedes-borne arboviral infections, despite apparently providing only modest protection against Aedes mosquito bites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joseph Frederick
- Programme National de Contrôle de la Malaria, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Port-au-Prince, Republic of Haiti
| | - Jean-Frantz Lemoine
- Programme National de Contrôle de la Malaria, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Port-au-Prince, Republic of Haiti
| | | | - Justin McBeath
- Envu UK Ltd, Cambridge, Milton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nosrat Mirzai
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vincent Corbel
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores (Laficave), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel Impoinvil
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Gerry F. Killeen
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Morogoro, United Republic of Tanzania
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Cyrille Czeher
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Entente Interdépartementale pour la Démoustication du Littoral Méditerranéen (EID Méditerranée), Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xia S, Dweck HKM, Lutomiah J, Sang R, McBride CS, Rose NH, Ayala D, Powell JR. Larval sites of the mosquito Aedes aegypti formosus in forest and domestic habitats in Africa and the potential association with oviposition evolution. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:16327-16343. [PMID: 34824830 PMCID: PMC8601902 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptations to anthropogenic domestic habitats contribute to the success of the mosquito Aedes aegypti as a major global vector of several arboviral diseases. The species inhabited African forests before expanding into domestic habitats and spreading to other continents. Despite a well-studied evolutionary history, how this species initially moved into human settlements in Africa remains unclear. During this initial habitat transition, African Ae. aegypti switched their larval sites from natural water containers like tree holes to artificial containers like clay pots. Little is known about how these natural versus artificial containers differ in their characteristics. Filling this knowledge gap could provide valuable information for studying the evolution of Ae. aegypti associated with larval habitat changes. As an initial effort, in this study, we characterized the microenvironments of Ae. aegypti larval sites in forest and domestic habitats in two African localities: La Lopé, Gabon, and Rabai, Kenya. Specifically, we measured the physical characteristics, microbial density, bacterial composition, and volatile chemical profiles of multiple larval sites. In both localities, comparisons between natural containers in the forests and artificial containers in the villages revealed significantly different microenvironments. We next examined whether the between-habitat differences in larval site microenvironments lead to differences in oviposition, a key behavior affecting larval distribution. Forest Ae. aegypti readily accepted the artificial containers we placed in the forests. Laboratory choice experiments also did not find distinct oviposition preferences between forest and village Ae. aegypti colonies. These results suggested that African Ae. aegypti are likely generalists in their larval site choices. This flexibility to accept various containers with a wide range of physical, microbial, and chemical conditions might allow Ae. aegypti to use human-stored water as fallback larval sites during dry seasons, which is hypothesized to have initiated the domestic evolution of Ae. aegypti.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Xia
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Hany K. M. Dweck
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Joel Lutomiah
- Arbovirus/Viral Hemorrhagic Fever LaboratoryCenter for Virus ResearchKenya Medical Research InstituteNairobiKenya
| | - Rosemary Sang
- Arbovirus/Viral Hemorrhagic Fever LaboratoryCenter for Virus ResearchKenya Medical Research InstituteNairobiKenya
| | - Carolyn S. McBride
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Princeton Neuroscience InstitutePrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Noah H. Rose
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary BiologyPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Princeton Neuroscience InstitutePrinceton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Diego Ayala
- UMR MIVEGECUniv. MontpellierCNRSIRDMontpellierFrance
- CIRMFFrancevilleGabon
| | - Jeffrey R. Powell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xia S. Laboratory Oviposition Choice of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) From Kenya and Gabon: Effects of Conspecific Larvae, Salinity, Shading, and Microbiome. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1021-1029. [PMID: 33511408 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) is the primary vector of several arboviruses. Mosquito control and surveillance are essential to restrict disease transmission, the effectiveness of which depends on our understanding of the mosquito's behaviors, including oviposition. Previous studies have identified a variety of oviposition cues. However, most of these studies involved only Ae. aegypti outside of the species' native range, Africa. Populations outside Africa differ in their genetics and some behaviors from their African counterparts, suggesting possibly different oviposition preferences. Within Africa, Ae. aegypti can be found in both ancestral forest habitats and domestic habitats. The African domestic populations may represent an intermediate state between the forest and the truly domesticated non-African populations. Comparing mosquitoes from these three habitats (African forest, African domestic, and non-African domestic) might provide insight into the evolution of oviposition behavior. In this study, I examined the oviposition choices of multiple Ae. aegypti colonies from all three habitats in laboratory settings. I applied a two-choice assay to test four oviposition cues: the preexistence of conspecific larvae, salinity, shading, and microbiome. A subset of African colonies showed similar oviposition choices as their non-African counterparts, whereas the rest show little response to the factors tested. Within the African colonies, oviposition choices of the domestic colonies were significantly different from the forest colonies in most experiments. Yet, their preferences were not always intermediate between that of mosquitoes from the other two habitats. Collectively, this study adds to our understanding of Ae. aegypti oviposition, especially in previously understudied African populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Xia
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moura MCBDM, de Oliveira JV, Pedreira RM, Tavares ADM, de Souza TA, de Lima KC, Barbosa IR. Spatio-temporal dynamics of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus oviposition in an urban area of northeastern Brazil. Trop Med Int Health 2020; 25:1510-1521. [PMID: 32959943 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyse abundance and spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus oviposition in the city of Natal-RN, 2016 to 2018. METHODS Three hundred and seven oviposition traps were installed covered the whole city and were monitored weekly from January 2016 to December 2018. To verify the abundance of the vector based on its location, the formation of oviposition clusters was studied using the Kernel statistics. Egg Density Index (EDI) and Oviposition Positivity Index (OPI) values were calculated. RESULTS Temperature and humidity presented weak and very weak correlation, respectively, with the oviposition indicators. The median of oviposition positivity index (OPI) was 60.5%, and the egg density index (EDI) was 45.4 eggs/trap. The OPI (71.1%) was higher in the second quarter of the year. The areas with the most persistent oviposition are located in a continuous strip that extends from the extreme of the northern district and extends along the western district of the city. Also noteworthy is the proximity to the strategic points. CONCLUSION The spatio-temporal distribution of oviposition revealed that there is spatial segregation and marked seasonality. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of maintaining surveillance targeting and control strategies focused on these areas, especially during the most important period of the year.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Talita Araujo de Souza
- Postgratuate in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Kenio Costa de Lima
- Postgraduate in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
da Cruz LCDTA, Guimarães AGF, de Souza EM, Ferreira RDS, Gomes RDSR, Slhessarenko RD, Atanaka M. Influence of climatic variables on the Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus populations in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020; 53:e20190185. [PMID: 32187334 PMCID: PMC7094053 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0185-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus are vector species responsible for the transmission of important arboviruses. METHODS Adult mosquitoes were collected in the urban areas of four municipalities in Mato Grosso within 1 year. RESULTS A total of 19,110 mosquitoes were collected. Among them, 16,578 (86,8%) were C. quinquefasciatus (44% female and 56% male); 2,483 (13%), A. (Stegomyia) aegypti (54% female and 46% male); and 49 (0,30%), from the genus Psorophora, Anopheles, Coquilettidia, and Sabethes. A significant correlation was observed between the number of mosquitoes from all species and dew point (female mosquitoes, p = 0.001; male mosquitoes, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study may be used as environmental indicators of mosquito populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emerson Marques de Souza
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Raquel da Silva Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | | | | | - Marina Atanaka
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Seasonal patterns of dengue fever in rural Ecuador: 2009-2016. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007360. [PMID: 31059505 PMCID: PMC6522062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Season is a major determinant of infectious disease rates, including arboviruses spread by mosquitoes, such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Seasonal patterns of disease are driven by a combination of climatic or environmental factors, such as temperature or rainfall, and human behavioral time trends, such as school year schedules, holidays, and weekday-weekend patterns. These factors affect both disease rates and healthcare-seeking behavior. Seasonality of dengue fever has been studied in the context of climatic factors, but short- and long-term time trends are less well-understood. With 2009–2016 medical record data from patients diagnosed with dengue fever at two hospitals in rural Ecuador, we used Poisson generalized linear modeling to determine short- and long-term seasonal patterns of dengue fever, as well as the effect of day of the week and public holidays. In a subset analysis, we determined the impact of school schedules on school-aged children. With a separate model, we examined the effect of climate on diagnosis patterns. In the first model, the most important predictors of dengue fever were annual sinusoidal fluctuations in disease, long-term trends (as represented by a spline for the full study duration), day of the week, and hospital. Seasonal trends showed single peaks in case diagnoses, during mid-March. Compared to the average of all days, cases were more likely to be diagnosed on Tuesdays (risk ratio (RR): 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.51) and Thursdays (RR: 1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.53), and less likely to be diagnosed on Saturdays (RR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.65–1.01) and Sundays (RR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.58–0.95). Public holidays were not significant predictors of dengue fever diagnoses, except for an increase in diagnoses on the day after Christmas (RR: 2.77, 95% CI 1.46–5.24). School schedules did not impact dengue diagnoses in school-aged children. In the climate model, important climate variables included the monthly total precipitation, an interaction between total precipitation and monthly absolute minimum temperature, an interaction between total precipitation and monthly precipitation days, and a three-way interaction between minimum temperature, total precipitation, and precipitation days. This is the first report of long-term dengue fever seasonality in Ecuador, one of few reports from rural patients, and one of very few studies utilizing daily disease reports. These results can inform local disease prevention efforts, public health planning, as well as global and regional models of dengue fever trends. Dengue fever exhibits a seasonal pattern in many parts of the world, much of which has been attributed to climate and weather. However, additional factors may contribute to dengue seasonality. With 2009–2016 medical record data from rural Ecuador, we studied the short- and long-term seasonal patterns of dengue fever, as well as the effect of school schedules and public holidays. We also examined the effect of climate on dengue. We found that dengue diagnoses peak once per year in mid-March, but that diagnoses are also affected by day of the week. Dengue was also impacted by regional climate and complex interactions between local weather variables. This is the first report of long-term dengue fever seasonality in Ecuador, one of few reports from rural patients, and one of very few studies utilizing daily disease reports. This is the first report on the impacts of school schedules, holidays, and weekday-weekend patterns on dengue diagnoses. These results suggest a potential impact of human behaviors on dengue exposure risk. More broadly, these results can inform local disease prevention efforts and public health planning, as well as global and regional models of dengue fever trends.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kesetyaningsih TW, Andarini S, Sudarto, Pramoedyo H. DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING DENGUE INCIDENCE IN SLEMAN DISTRICT, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA. Afr J Infect Dis 2018; 12:13-25. [PMID: 29619427 PMCID: PMC5876768 DOI: 10.2101/ajid.12v1s.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dengue is a disease related to the environment that spreads rapidly. Prevention movement is considered ineffective; therefore, a more efficient early warning system is required. It is required strongly correlated variables to as predictor in early warning system. This study aims to identify the environmental conditions associated with dengue. Materials and methods: This ecological study was conducted on five sub-districts selected based on the trend of the incidence. Data land cover and elevation obtained using GIS. Climate data were obtained from Meteorology and Climatology and Geophysics Agency of Yogyakarta. Results: There were 1.150 dengue cases from 2008-2013 obtained from District Health Office. The spatial pattern is clustered in all sub-districts (Z-score < -2.58). There is a positive correlation between land cover and dengue (p 0.000; r 0.284) and a negative correlation between elevation areas and dengue (p 0.000; r - 0.127). Multiple Regression Test shows the effect of humidity (p 0.000) and rainfall (p 0.002) with a contribution of 13.5% - 27.4% (r2 0.135 – 0.274), while temperature has no effect in all sub-districts (p > 0.05). There is no effect of climate parameters in sporadic dengue areas (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that dengue in Sleman is clustered and associated with the environment parameter, even though it does not have close correlation. High elevated and small building area is consistent with the lower dengue cases. Humidity and rainfall affect dengue, but temperature does not affect dengue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tri Wulandari Kesetyaningsih
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Sri Andarini
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Sudarto
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Henny Pramoedyo
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|