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Kopke MA, Diane Shelton G, Lyons LA, Wall MJ, Pemberton S, Gedye KR, Owen R, Guo LT, Buckley RM, Valencia JA, Jones BR. X-linked myotubular myopathy associated with an MTM1 variant in a Maine coon cat. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:1800-1805. [PMID: 35962713 PMCID: PMC9511081 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Describe the clinical course and diagnostic and genetic findings in a cat with X‐linked myotubular myopathy. Case Summary A 7‐month‐old male Maine coon was evaluated for progressively worsening gait abnormalities and generalized weakness. Neurolocalization was to the neuromuscular system. Genetic testing for spinal muscular atrophy (LIX1) was negative. Given the progressive nature and suspected poor long‐term prognosis, the owners elected euthanasia. Histopathology of skeletal muscle obtained post‐mortem disclosed numerous rounded atrophic or hypotrophic fibers with internal nuclei or central basophilic staining. Using oxidative reactions mediated by cytochrome C oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase, scattered myofibers were observed to have central dark staining structures and a “ring‐like” appearance. Given the cat's age and clinical history, a congenital myopathy was considered most likely, with the central nuclei and “ring‐like” changes consistent with either centronuclear or myotubular myopathy. Whole genome sequencing identified an underlying missense variant in myotubularin 1 (MTM1), a known candidate gene for X‐linked myotubular myopathy. New or Unique Information Provided This case is the first report of X‐linked myotubular myopathy in a cat with an MTM1 missense mutation. Maine coon cat breeders may consider screening for this variant to prevent production of affected cats and to eradicate the variant from the breeding population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Kopke
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Veterinary Nutrition Group, Le Fel, France
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Leslie A Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Meredith J Wall
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Veterinary Nutrition Group, Le Fel, France
| | - Sarah Pemberton
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kristene R Gedye
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Owen
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Reuben M Buckley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Juan A Valencia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Boyd R Jones
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Abstract
There are 5 single-gene mutations that are known to cause muscle disease in horses. These mutations alter the amino acid sequence of proteins involved in cell membrane electrical conduction, muscle energy metabolism, muscle contraction, and immunogenicity. The clinical signs depend on the pathway affected. The likelihood that an animal with a mutation will exhibit clinical signs depends on the mode of inheritance, environmental influences, and interactions with other genes. Selection of a genetic test for use in diagnostic or breeding decisions requires a knowledge of clinical signs, mode of inheritance, breeds affected, and proper scientific test validation.
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Kamio K, Takahashi Y, Ishihara K, Sekiya A, Kato S, Shimanuki I, Ide M, Furuoka H. Centronuclear Myopathy with Abundant Nemaline Rods in a Japanese Black and Hereford Crossbred Calf. J Comp Pathol 2019; 174:8-12. [PMID: 31955807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Histopathological examination was performed on skeletal and diaphragmatic muscles from an 8-month-old male crossbred calf showing abnormal gait and tremor of the hindlimbs. There were numerous round fibres with centrally placed nuclei forming nuclear chains in longitudinal sections, associated with interstitial fibrosis or adipose tissue infiltration. On nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) staining, some muscle fibres in severe lesions showed a spoke-like appearance due to a radial arrangement of sarcoplasmic strands. Additionally, increased NADH-TR activity in the subsarcolemmal structures, appearingas ring-like or necklace-like forms, were observed. Transmission electron microscopy revealed dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum and variably shaped electron-dense inclusions consisting of myofibrillar streams. Another prominent feature was the existence of numerous nemaline rods within muscle fibres; these were stained red by Gomori's trichrome stain. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the nemaline rods showed strong immunoreactivity with α-actinin and desmin antibodies. Electron microscopically, these structures were composed of dense-homogeneous material and continuous with the Z disk. The case was diagnosed as centronuclear myopathy with increased nemaline rods.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamio
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan
| | - Y Takahashi
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan
| | - K Ishihara
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan
| | - A Sekiya
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan
| | - S Kato
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan
| | - I Shimanuki
- Tokachi Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Obihiro, Japan
| | - M Ide
- Tokachi Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Obihiro, Japan
| | - H Furuoka
- Division of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Japan.
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Zakia LS, Palumbo MIP, Teixeira RBC, Resende LAL, Soares MP, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Amorim RM, Borges AS. Neuromyotonia in a horse. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 33:287-291. [PMID: 30511761 PMCID: PMC6335518 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article describes the clinical and electromyographic findings of neuromyotonia in a 19‐month‐old male crossbred Quarter Horse that presented with stiffness and muscle asymmetry in the hind limbs as well as sacrococcygeal, paravertebral, and gluteal myokymia. An electromyographic study showed spontaneous continuous muscle fiber activity with high‐frequency discharges, fibrillations, positive sharp waves, fasciculation potentials, and complex repetitive discharges. Histological examination of the gluteal muscle showed a mixed neurogenic and myopathic pattern. The findings are consistent with neuromyotonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Stachewski Zakia
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Isa Pocci Palumbo
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Antônio Lima Resende
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine of Botucatu, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogério Martins Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Shelton GD, Rider BE, Child G, Tzannes S, Guo LT, Moghadaszadeh B, Troiano EC, Haase B, Wade CM, Beggs AH. X-linked myotubular myopathy in Rottweiler dogs is caused by a missense mutation in Exon 11 of the MTM1 gene. Skelet Muscle 2015; 5:1. [PMID: 25664165 PMCID: PMC4320619 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-014-0025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital and inherited myopathies in dogs are faithful models of human muscle diseases and are being recognized with increasing frequency. In fact, canine models of dystrophin deficient muscular dystrophy and X-linked myotubular myopathy are of tremendous value in the translation of new and promising therapies for the treatment of these diseases. We have recently identified a family of Australian Rottweilers in which male puppies were clinically affected with severe muscle weakness and atrophy that resulted in early euthanasia or death. X-linked myotubular myopathy was suspected based on the early and severe clinical presentation and histopathological changes within muscle biopsies. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic basis for myopathy in these dogs and compare and contrast the clinical presentation, histopathology, ultrastructure, and mutation in this family of Rottweiler dogs with the previously described myotubular myopathy in Labrador retrievers. Results Histopathology, histochemistry, and ultrastructural examination of muscle biopsies from affected Rottweiler puppies were consistent with an X-linked myotubular myopathy. An unusual finding that differed from the previously reported Labradors and similar human cases was the presence of excessive autophagy and prominent autophagic vacuoles. Molecular investigations confirmed a missense mutation in exon 11 of MTM1 that was predicted to result in a non-functional phosphatase activity. Although the clinical presentations and histopathology were similar, the MTM1 p.(Q384P) mutation is different from the p.(N155K) mutation in exon 7 affecting Labrador retrievers with X-linked myotubular myopathy. Conclusions Here we describe a second pathogenic mutation in MTM1 causing X-linked myotubular myopathy in dogs. Our findings suggest a variety of MTM1 mutations in dogs as seen in human patients. The number of MTM1 mutations resulting in similar severe and progressive clinical myopathy and histopathological changes are likely to increase as canine myopathies are further characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Branden E Rider
- Division of Genetics and Program in Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Georgina Child
- Small Animal Specialist Hospital, North Ryde, NSW Australia
| | - Sophia Tzannes
- Small Animal Specialist Hospital, North Ryde, NSW Australia
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Behzad Moghadaszadeh
- Division of Genetics and Program in Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Emily C Troiano
- Division of Genetics and Program in Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Bianca Haase
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Claire M Wade
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Program in Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115 USA
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