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Sperandio LMS, Lago GR, Albertino LG, Araújo CET, Ferreira C, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Allele frequency of muscular genetic disorders in bull-catching (vaquejada) quarter horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 136:105052. [PMID: 38531516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Quarter horses (QH), a prominent athletic breed in Brazil, are affected by muscular genetic disorders such as myosin-heavy chain myopathy (MYHM), polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM1), hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyPP), and malignant hyperthermia (MH). Bull-catching (vaquejada), primarily involving QH, is a significant equestrian sport in Brazil. Since the allele frequencies (AF) of MYHM, PSSM1, HyPP, and MH in vaquejada QH remain unknown, this study evaluated the AF in 129 QH vaquejada athletes, specifically from the Brazilian Northeast. These variants were exclusively observed in heterozygosity. The MYHM exhibited the highest AF (0.04 ±0.01), followed by PSSM1 (0.01 ±0.01) and the HyPP variant (0.004 ±0.01), while the MH variant was not identified in this study. This study represents the first identification of these variants in vaquejada QH, emphasizing the need to implement measures to prevent the transmission of pathogenic alleles and reduce the occurrence of clinical cases of these genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M S Sperandio
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - G R Lago
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - L G Albertino
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - C E T Araújo
- University Center "Doutor Leão Sampaio" (UNILEÃO), Leão Sampaio Avenue, Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil, 63040000
| | - C Ferreira
- Group Ser Educacional (UNINASSAU), Engenheiro Roberto Freire Avenue, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59080-400, Brazil
| | - A S Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681
| | - J P Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa street, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, 18618681.
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Olivo G, Zakia LS, Ribeiro MG, da Cunha MDLRDS, Riboli DFM, Mello PL, Teixeira NB, de Araújo CET, Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. investigation in hospitalized horses and contacting personnel in a teaching veterinary hospital. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 134:105031. [PMID: 38336267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2024.105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococci are well-known opportunistic pathogens associated with suppurative diseases in humans and animals. Antimicrobial resistance is an emergent threat to humans and animals worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. (MRS) in hospitalized horses and contacting personnel (veterinarians and staff), and assessed possible interspecies transmission in a teaching veterinary hospital. Nasal swabs from horses (n = 131) and humans (n = 35) were collected. The microorganisms were identified by traditional biochemical tests and genotypic methods, i.e., PCR, internal transcript spacer PCR (ITS-PCR), and gene sequencing. Staphylococcal species were isolated in 18% (23/131) of the horses, of which 8% (11/131) were S. hyicus, 4 % (5/131) were S. aureus, 4% (5/131) were S. pseudintermedius, and 2% (2/131) were S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans. The mecA gene was detected in an S. pseudintermedius isolate. Staphylococcus spp. was isolated in 40% (14/35) of the human samples, all of which were S. aureus. In four samples of S. aureus, the clonal profile ST398 was identified; among them, a clonal similarity of 98.1% was observed between a horse and a contacting human. This finding supports the need for biosecurity measures to avoid the spread of multidrug-resistant staphylococci in humans and horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovane Olivo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Luiza Stachewski Zakia
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-681, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Medicine, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, 250 Professor Doctor Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Flávio Morais Riboli
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, 250 Professor Doctor Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Luiza Mello
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, 250 Professor Doctor Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Bibiana Teixeira
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, 250 Professor Doctor Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - César Erineudo Tavares de Araújo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - José Paes Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Professor Doctor Walter Mauricio Correa Street, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, 18618-681, Brazil
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Braga PRC, Dos Santos CA, Bertani AMDJ, Vieira T, Amarante AF, Reis AD, Sacchi CT, Camargo CH, Ribeiro MG, Borges AS, Tiba-Casas MR. Detection and genomic characterization of a multidrug-resistant Salmonella Newport co-harbouring bla CMY-2, qnrB19 and mcr-9 from the diarrheic faeces of a foal. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 35:198-201. [PMID: 37805072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study reports the genomic characterization of the multidrug resistant Salmonella Newport strain 195_20 recovered from the diarrheic faeces of a foal in Brazil and co-harbouring the mcr-9, blaCMY-2 and qnrB19 antibiotic resistance genes. METHODS Bacterial isolate positive for mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr-9) was submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disk diffusion and broth microdilution for colistin and polymyxin B. The isolate was submitted to whole genome sequencing by Illumina technology and Nanopore Sequencing. Conjugation assays, plasmid sizes determined by S1-PFGE and plasmid content were investigated by hybrid assembly after MinIon long reads sequencing. RESULTS Isolate 195_20 was identified as sequence type ST45, resistant to penicillin and cephalosporins (ampicillin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime), aminoglycosides (streptomycin and gentamicin), phenicol (chloramphenicol), quinolones and fluoroquinolones (nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and pefloxacin), folate pathway antagonists (sulfonamides and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), and tetracycline. A transferable IncHI2/IncHI2A plasmid sized ca. 262kb was found to carry the mcr-9 gene in a module consisting of IS903-mcr-9-wbuC-IS26. In addition, an 174kb IncC and a 48kb IncN plasmid were also identified in the 195_20 isolate, carrying blaCMY-2 and qnrB19, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Not surprisingly, isolate 195_20 was susceptible to polymyxins, possibly due to absence of qseBC regulatory operon. Presence of mobile colistin resistance (mcr-9), third-generation cephalosporins (blaCMY-2) and quinolone (qnrB19) resistance determinants in zoonotic pathogens from animals in close contact with humans alerts for the possible route of transmission between these different reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pollyana Rennó Campos Braga
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcio Garcia Ribeiro
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Corrêa S, Basso RM, Cerri FM, de Oliveira‐Filho JP, Araújo JP, Torelli SR, Salán LPCDC, Salán MO, Macedo IZ, Borges AS. Hereditary myotonia in cats associated with a new homozygous missense variant p.Ala331Pro in the muscle chloride channel ClC-1. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2498-2503. [PMID: 37668104 PMCID: PMC10658498 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-related cats were evaluated for a history of short-strided gait and temporary recumbency after startle. Neurological examination, electromyography (EMG), muscle biopsies, and a chloride voltage-gated channel 1 (CLCN1) molecular study were performed. Clinically, all 3 cats presented myotonia with warm-up phenomenon and myotonic discharges during EMG examination. Muscle biopsies showed normal muscle architecture and variation in the diameter of myofiber size with the presence of numerous hypertrophic fibers. The molecular study revealed a missense variant (c.991G>C, p.Ala331Pro) in exon 9 of the CLCN1 gene, responsible for the first chloride channel extracellular loop. This mutation was screened in 104 control phenotypically normal unrelated cats, and all were wildtype. The alanine at this position is conserved in ClC-1 (chloride channel protein 1) in different species, and 2 mutations at this amino acid position are associated with human myotonia. This is the third CLCN1 mutation described in the literature associated with hereditary myotonia in cats and the first in domestic animals located in an extracellular muscle ClC-1 loop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Martins Basso
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Fabricio Moreira Cerri
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - João Pessoa Araújo
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), São Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil
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Battistin L, Cerri FM, Watanabe MJ, Takahira RK, Ribeiro MG, Rocha NS, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS, Amorim RM. Pleural Empyema in Six Horses: A Retrospective Case Series. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 130:104912. [PMID: 37643695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The clinical findings of pleural empyema in six horses were retrospectively studied using epidemiological, clinical pathology, microbiological, ultrasound, and post-mortem data. The clinical findings included tachycardia (n = 3/6), tachypnea (n = 6/6), cyanotic mucosa (n = 2/6), hyperthermia (n = 4/6), inspiratory or mixed dyspnea (n = 6/6), presence of fluid and/or pleural rubbing (n = 2/6) and coarse crackling on auscultation (n = 4/6). Horses demonstrated leukocytosis (16.22 × 103/µL) with neutrophilia (12.32 × 103/µL) and hyperfibrinogenemia (633.33 mg/dL) and an increase in urea (69.80 mg/kg) and globulins (5.22 g/dL). The pleural fluid exhibited exudate (n = 5/6). The pathogens isolated from transtracheal wash (TTW) and/or pleural effusion included Aspergillus fumigatus, Enterobacter cloacae, alpha and beta hemolytic Streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, and beta hemolytic Staphylococcus. The in vitro tests of microbial sensitivity of the isolates revealed that ceftiofur (5/6) and penicillin (3/6) were the most effective drugs. The fatality rate was 83% (5/6). The main post-mortem finding was the presence of fibrin in the pleural cavity with adhesion between the parietal and visceral pleura. These results show that pleural empyema is a complex disease pathophysiology that is refractory to conventional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcos Jun Watanabe
- Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction Department, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Arantes JA, Borges AS, Zakia LS, Surette MG, Weese JS, Costa MC, Arroyo LG. Effect of dietary iron supplementation on the equine fecal microbiome. Can J Vet Res 2023; 87:97-104. [PMID: 37020575 PMCID: PMC10069153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for all living organisms, including bacteria, as several virulence factors and replication components are influenced by iron concentration. The objective of this study was to determine whether the composition and diversity of the fecal microbiota of adult horses are affected by supplemental dietary iron. Ten clinically healthy horses were randomly divided into a control and an iron-supplemented group (n = 5). The treated group was supplemented with oral ferrous sulphate monohydrate (720 ppm of iron), whereas the control group received 320 ppm of iron daily for 15 d. Fecal samples were collected before and 5, 10, 15, and 30 d after supplementation and frozen at -80°C. DNA was sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform and data were analyzed using the software Mothur and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe). Iron supplementation caused no change in the overall composition of the fecal microbiota, but some minor changes were observed in the low-abundant bacteria, as well as an increased alpha diversity after 15 d of supplementation. Significant differences in community composition of the fecal microbiota over time were observed in both groups, highlighting the importance of a control group, as there are variables that cannot be controlled in microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Assis Arantes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil (Arantes); Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Borges); Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Zakia, Weese, Arroyo); Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (Surette); Department of Biomedicine, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Costa)
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil (Arantes); Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Borges); Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Zakia, Weese, Arroyo); Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (Surette); Department of Biomedicine, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Costa)
| | - Luiza Stachewski Zakia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil (Arantes); Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Borges); Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Zakia, Weese, Arroyo); Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (Surette); Department of Biomedicine, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Costa)
| | - Michael Gordon Surette
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil (Arantes); Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Borges); Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Zakia, Weese, Arroyo); Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (Surette); Department of Biomedicine, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Costa)
| | - Jeffrey Scott Weese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil (Arantes); Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Borges); Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Zakia, Weese, Arroyo); Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (Surette); Department of Biomedicine, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Costa)
| | - Marcio Carvalho Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil (Arantes); Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Borges); Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Zakia, Weese, Arroyo); Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (Surette); Department of Biomedicine, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Costa)
| | - Luis Guillermo Arroyo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil (Arantes); Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil (Borges); Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Zakia, Weese, Arroyo); Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (Surette); Department of Biomedicine, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Costa)
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Ribeiro MG, Pereira TT, de Lima Paz PJ, de Almeida BO, Cerviño CSA, Rodrigues CA, Santos GTS, de Souza Freire LM, Portilho FVR, Filho MFÁ, Paschoal NR, Bello TS, Megid J, Langoni H, Appolinário CM, Borges AS, Amorim RM, Giuffrida R, de Oliveira Filho JP, Siqueira AK, Listoni FJP, Paes AC. Bacterial identification in cerebrospinal fluid of domestic species with neurologic signs: a retrospective case-series study in 136 animals (2005-2021). Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:449-457. [PMID: 36571673 PMCID: PMC9944471 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00891-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) infections comprise life-threatening clinical conditions in domestic species, and are commonly related to severe sequelae, disability, or high fatality rates. A set of bacterial pathogens have been identified in central nervous infections in livestock and companion animals, although the most of descriptions are restricted to case reports and a lack of comprehensive studies involving CNS-related bacterial infections have been focused on a great number of domestic species. In this scenario, we retrospectively investigated selected epidemiological data, clinical findings, bacteriological culture, and in vitro susceptibility patterns of 136 nonrepetitive neurologic cases in domestic species (2005-2021). Bacterial isolates were recovered from 25% (34/136) of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampled. The isolates were obtained from cattle (9/136 = 6.6%), dogs (7/136 = 5.1%), horses (6/136 = 4.4%), goats (3/136 = 2.2%), pigs (3/136 = 2.2%), sheep (3/136 = 2.2%), cats (2/136 = 1.5%), and asinine (1/136 = 0.7%). Among animals with bacterial isolation, Staphylococcus aureus (6/34 = 17.6%), Escherichia coli (5/34 = 14.7%), Staphylococcus beta-hemolytic (5/34 = 14.7%), and Trueperella pyogenes (3/34 = 8.8%) were predominant, in addition to a miscellaneous of other bacteria isolated in minor frequency, e.g., Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Enterobacter cloacae, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. In vitro susceptibility tests of isolates revealed that amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (11/13 = 84.6%), cephalexin (9/11 = 81.8%), and florfenicol (9/12 = 75%) were the most effective antimicrobials. Conversely, isolates exhibited resistance mainly to tetracycline (6/10 = 60%), penicillin (6/11 = 54.5%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (5/11 = 45.5%). Also, multidrug resistance to ≥ 3 classes of antimicrobials was found in 23.5% (8/34) strains. Data relative to the outcome was available in 79.4% (27/34) of animals that had bacterial isolation, and from these, the lethality rate was 92.6% (25/27). Incoordination (14/34 = 41.2%), recumbency (11/34 = 32.4%), apathy (10/34 = 29.4%), anorexia (9/34 = 26.5%), blindness (7/34 = 20.6%), seizure (6/34 = 17.6%), limb paresis (5/34 = 14.7%), head-pressing (4/34 = 11.8%), and nystagmus (3/34 = 8.8%) were the most frequent clinical signs. A variety of bacterial pathogens were identified in the CSF of domestic species showing neurologic signs, with a predominance of staphylococci, streptococci, and enterobacteria. High lethality of cases, poor in vitro efficacy of conventional antimicrobials, and a high in vitro multidrug resistance pattern of isolates were seen. Our results contribute to etiological characterization, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and clinical-epidemiological findings of bacterial infections in domestic species with neurological signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Tourinho Pereira
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrik Júnior de Lima Paz
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira de Almeida
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Carmen S Araújo Cerviño
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Aparecida Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly Terra Sartori Santos
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Maria de Souza Freire
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Vinicius Ramos Portilho
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fagali Árabe Filho
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Rodrigues Paschoal
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Thaís Spessotto Bello
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Jane Megid
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Helio Langoni
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Michele Appolinário
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogério Martins Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogério Giuffrida
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Western São Paulo - UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Keller Siqueira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern State University - UNICENTRO, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernando José Paganini Listoni
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Paes
- Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences - FMVZ, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Bernardino PN, de Paula CL, Pereira AFM, Ribeiro MG, de Carvalho Azevedo VA, Borges AS, Fernandes-Júnior A, Oliveira-Filho JP. Potential in vitro action of an adenosine analog and synergism with penicillin against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:559-563. [PMID: 36525240 PMCID: PMC9944597 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis is a well-known disease caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis affecting small ruminants with small significance to human health because of its minor zoonotic potential. In both cases, few treatment options are available and conventional antimicrobial therapy is commonly refractory due to development of pyogranulomatous reactions, bringing great interest in discovering novel therapeutics for more suitable approaches. Dideoxynucleotides presented antibacterial action against various bacteria but were never described for C. pseudotuberculosis. Hypothesizing the antimicrobial action of 2',3'-dideoxiadenosine (ddATP) against C. pseudotuberculosis, we performed for the first time an investigation of its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in the ATCC® 19,410 strain and a well-characterized clinical isolate of C. pseudotuberculosis. We also assessed potential synergism with penicillin. ddATP showed a growth delay effect for C. pseudotuberculosis at 2 µmol/mL and a MIC and MBC of 4 µmol/mL against the ATCC® 19,410 strain, but not for the clinical strain. An antimicrobial effect was observed when using concentrations lower than the MIC of ddATP associated with penicillin for both strains tested. Our data suggest the potential of nucleotide analogs, especially adenosine, and its combination with penicillin, as a possible novel treatment for C. pseudotuberculosis-induced infections, and contributes with knowledge regarding alternative drugs to treat C. pseudotuberculosis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Negri Bernardino
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Molecular Biosciences Department, University of California - Davis, Davis, USA.
| | | | | | - Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - José Paes Oliveira-Filho
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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9
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Trecenti-Santana AS, Guiraldelli GG, Albertino LG, Ferreira JF, Andrade FM, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Allele frequency of SLC4A3 (PRA1), TTC8 (PRA2), and PRA-prcd mutations in golden retrievers in Brazil. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:973854. [PMID: 36325094 PMCID: PMC9619134 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.973854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a term used in veterinary medicine to describe inherited and progressive retinal diseases characterized by progressive retinal degeneration and loss of vision. In the Golden Retriever (GR) breed, the mutations associated with PRA have an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. This study aimed to verify the allele frequencies of PRA1, PRA2, and PRA-prcd in the GR breed in Brazil. A total of 121 GR DNA samples (n = 66 females and n = 55 males) were analyzed. All animals assessed in this study were identified as wild-type (121/121 animals; 100%) for PRA1 and PRA2 mutations; therefore, no carrier or homozygous animals were identified in this population. For the PRA-prcd mutation, 118 animals (118/121 animals; 97.52%) were wild-type. Three animals were genotyped as heterozygous for PRA-prcd (3/121 animals; 2.47%), demonstrating that this mutation is still present in some bloodlines and animals in Brazil, even with a rare prevalence. Five animals (5/121 animals, 4.2%) had a previous eye disease, which was diagnosed by a veterinarian as entropion (2 animals), keratoconjunctivitis sicca (1 animal), corneal ulcer (1 animal), and bilateral blindness (1 animal). This dog with bilateral blindness was identified as wild type homozygous for three mutations assessed in this study; therefore, blindness was not associated with the investigated mutations. In addition, the vast majority (98.3%) of Brazilian breeders assessed in this study were unaware of these mutations as a cause of blindness in the Golden Retriever. Therefore, the present study will serve to disseminate knowledge about PRA and its genetic etiologies, as well as to support future studies with other Brazilian GR populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lukas Garrido Albertino
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Julia Franco Ferreira
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Michelsen Andrade
- Zootechnics Department, School of Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José Paes Oliveira-Filho
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- *Correspondence: José Paes Oliveira-Filho
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10
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da Cunha Neto CAV, Badial PR, de Oliveira-Filho JP, de Andrade DGA, Araujo JP, Borges AS. Solar radiation leads to increased collagenase gene expression (MMP1) in HERDA (Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia) affected horses and may explain the typical dorsal distribution of their lesions. Vet Dermatol 2022; 34:209-221. [PMID: 35661451 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) is a genetic disease that alters collagen biosynthesis. Affected horses exhibit fragile, hyperextensible skin, especially over the dorsal region. Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation seems to contribute to the regional distribution of lesions and worsening of clinical signs, the molecular mechanisms involved are largely unknown. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of solar radiation on matrix metalloproteinase MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 gene expression in the dorsal and ventral skin of HERDA-affected and HERDA-unaffected horses [wild-type (WT) horses]. ANIMALS Six HERDA-affected and six unaffected Quarter horses (WT) were paired according to age, sex and coat colour. MATERIALS AND METHODS Horses were submitted to 30 day sunlight restriction, followed by 15 day sunlight exposure. Dorsal and ventral skin biopsies were obtained at six sampling times over 45 days. The expression of MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 genes was measured by quantitative PCR. RESULTS Although solar radiation modulated MMP1, MMP8 and MMP13 expression, the effects were more pronounced on MMP1. Sun exposure for three days significantly upregulated MMP1 in the dorsal region when compared to the ventral skin in both unaffected and HERDA-affected horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study shows that solar irradiation leads to upregulation of skin collagenase genes particularly MMP1 in the dorsal, sun-exposed skin of horses. Furthermore, this was more marked in HERDA-affected horses. The increased activity of collagenases on the disorganised collagen present in HERDA affected horses would explain why UV radiation leads to deterioration of clinical signs in affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peres Ramos Badial
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - João Pessoa Araujo
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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11
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Albertino LG, Albuquerque ALH, Ferreira JF, Oliveira JPM, Borges AS, Patelli THC, Oliveira-Filho JP. Allele Frequency of APAF1 Mutation in Holstein Cattle in Brazil. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:822224. [PMID: 35280144 PMCID: PMC8904897 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.822224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
APAF1 is an autosomal recessive inherited mutation, associated with Holstein haplotype 1 (HH1) and characterized by a substitution of cytosine for a thymine (c.1741C>T) in chromosome 5. The mutation causes fetal and embryonic loss, between 60 and 200 days of gestation, and reduced conception rate. The ARMS-PCR is considered a simple and low-cost method to determine single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with no need for genetic sequencing of the animal genome. This study aimed to verify the allelic frequency of APAF1 mutation in Brazilian Holstein cattle. A total of 248 Holstein DNA samples (210 cows and 38 bulls) were analyzed, and synthetic genes were manufactured to validate the primers developed by the authors. All animals assessed in this study were classified as wild-type for APAF1 mutation. The primers and protocol developed for the ARMS-PCR technique work with 100% specificity and efficiency since the amplicon formations are as expected according to the genotypes. In conclusion, the mutation responsible for APAF1 was not detected in the Brazilian Holstein cattle population assessed in this prevalence study, although it is not possible to affirm that APAF1 does not occur in Brazilian Holstein animals. The tetra-primer ARMS-PCR protocol for APAF1 mutation that has been validated here may be a relatively simple and economical method to determine the animals' genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Garrido Albertino
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Julia Franco Ferreira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - José Paes Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, Brazil
- *Correspondence: José Paes Oliveira-Filho
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12
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Henker LC, Lorenzett MP, Piva MM, Wronski JG, de Andrade DGA, Borges AS, Driemeier D, Oliveira-Filho JP, Pavarini SP. Alobar holoprosencephaly in an aborted American Quarter Horse fetus. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 112:103898. [PMID: 35150851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.103898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Holoprosencephaly is a central nervous system malformation, characterized by incomplete or total lack of division of prosencephalon hemispheres, which is commonly accompanied by craniofacial malformations. A 9-month-gestation aborted American Quarter Horse fetus was submitted for postmortem examination. The fetus lacked haircoat and had severe facial malformations including marked shortening/absence of the maxillary, incisive and nasal bones, bilateral anophthalmia, and pre-maxillary agenesis. The prosencephalon was small and nearly spherical, represented by a single lobe, with no visible separation between cerebral hemispheres. The olfactory bulbs, piriform lobes, and the optic chiasm were absent. At cross-sectioning of the prosencephalon, the inner structures of the brain were completely absent, and replaced by a monoventricle lined by the remaining compressed cortex, and the thalami were fused. Since mutations in the sonic hedgehog (SHH) gene have been associated with human holoprosencephaly, the three coding SHH exons were sequenced using liver DNA of the aborted foal. The obtained SHH sequence was similar to the Equus caballus SHH mRNA sequence deposited in GenbankTM (XM_023640069.1); therefore, no polymorphism in the coding region of this gene justifying the phenotype was observed. This is the first report of alobar holoprosencephaly in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Cleber Henker
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil.
| | - Marina Paula Lorenzett
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Manoela Marchezan Piva
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Júlia Gabriela Wronski
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Danilo Giorgi Abranches de Andrade
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
| | - José Paes Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science,18618-681 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Saulo Petinatti Pavarini
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil
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13
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Palumbo MIP, Resende LADL, Olivo G, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS. Flash Visual Evoked Potentials in Conscious Horses: A Preliminary Study. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 108:103783. [PMID: 34839078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The visual evoked potential (VEP) has many applications in veterinary neurology, but the test is not routinely used in a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to describe a reliable method for recording flash visual evoked potentials (F-VEPs) in nonsedated horses. F-VEPs were recorded from both eyes in 20 healthy and calm, adult horses. Recordings were accomplished without sedation, anaesthesia, or the use of mydriatic drugs. The mean and standard deviation of the latency of the most evident positive peak was 52.76±2.37 ms (P53). The mean latencies of the preceding and following negative peaks were 38.14±4.62 (N38) and 72.35±5.33 ms (N72), respectively. There were 2 mean peak-to-peak amplitudes (N38 - P53 and P53 - N72), and they were 11.85±6.21 and 22.81±11.50 µV, respectively. F-VEP was also recorded from 3 horses (6 eyes) before and during sedation with 2 doses each of xylazine (0.4 and 1.1 mg/kg) or detomidine (0.005 and 0.014 mg/kg). It was possible to obtain a reliable F-VEP with a P53 latency in horses without sedation that was similar to the P2 peak described in previous studies, and these data can be used in the future as a normal reference for comparisons in horses with different diseases using a similar methodology. Sedation affected the results by depressing peak amplitudes and increasing latencies or by completely obscuring any response. The exact impact of sedation on VEPs must be evaluated with much caution due to the small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Isa Poci Palumbo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Antonio de Lima Resende
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, College of Medicine - Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovane Olivo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Andrade DGAD, Cerri FM, Barbosa GVM, Basso RM, Takahira RK, Pantoja JCDF, Oliveira-Filho JPD, Borges AS. Sequential Cerebrospinal Fluid Sampling in Horses: Comparison of Sampling Times and Two Different Collection Sites. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 108:103794. [PMID: 34800797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is important as a complementary test in horses with neurologic diseases, and sequential analysis may provide information about the treatment response or evolution and quantitative measures of the CSF drug concentration during treatment. The aim of this study was to compare erythrocyte and nucleated cell counts and protein concentration in multiple CSF samples obtained sequentially from two different puncture sites in clinically healthy horses. Eight and 12 horses, with no evidence of neurologic disease, were subjected to CSF collection from the atlanto-occipital (AO) and C1-C2 spaces, respectively. Cytologic and chemical analyses were performed on the CSF obtained at five sampling times (T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5). Repeated measures models were used to compare the mean erythrocyte count, nucleated cell count, and total protein concentration between the AO and C1-C2 groups at each sampling time. C1-C2 CSF had a significantly higher total protein concentration at T1 and T4 than that of AO CSF. All total protein concentration values remained within the reference interval (<90 mg/dL) for all sampling times and groups. No statistical difference was present between results at T2, T3, T4, and T5 and at T1 in both groups for all analyses. In conclusion, five consecutive AO or C1-C2 CSF collections with at least a 7-d interval did not result in alterations in the CSF erythrocyte and nucleated cell counts and total protein concentrations and did not interfere with the CSF analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrício Moreira Cerri
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Martins Basso
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina Kiomi Takahira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Queiroz CRR, Machado M, Bromberger CR, Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS, Soto-Blanco B, Borges JRJ, Câmara ACL, de Castro MB. Case Report: A Possible Case of Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria in a Gir Calf: A Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Approach. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:632762. [PMID: 33778038 PMCID: PMC7994774 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.632762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive disease which has never been reported in Zebu cattle. A 3-day-old Gir calf showed teeth discoloration, fever, dehydration, and dyspnea. The main gross findings were pink-colored teeth, red-brown periosteum and bone marrow, and a fluorescent bright pink coloration of the bone marrow and articular surfaces under ultraviolet light. Aggregates of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained porphyrin pigments were evident in the lungs, kidneys, and the liver. An intron 8 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in both the Gir calf and control animals, along with the absence of the uroporphyrin III synthetase (UROS) gene mutation, was observed. Most SNPs were located in the intron regions of the UROS gene without relevance for CEP. A continuous loss of genetic variability and an increase in inbreeding in some herds may be related to CEP in Gir cattle, one of the most prominent Zebu breeds worldwide. In summary, this study describes a presumptive case of CEP in a Gir calf based on clinical and pathological findings. A definitive diagnosis would require the measurement of porphyrin levels in blood, urine, or tissues or the identification of UROS gene defects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mizael Machado
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| | - Cristiana Raach Bromberger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jose Paes Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Benito Soto-Blanco
- Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, Veterinary College, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - José Renato Junqueira Borges
- College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Lopes Câmara
- College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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16
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Braga PRC, Conceição LG, Loures FH, Basso RM, Filho JPDO, Borges AS. Erythema Multiforme and its Clinicopathological Features in a Horse in Brazil. ACTA SCI VET 2021. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated skin disease which may manifest as cutaneous or mucocutaneous lesions. It is uncommon in horses. EM lesions have a symmetrical bilateral distribution; they are usually urticarial, necrotizing, and, less commonly, ulcerative. In equines, the trigger is usually unknown, and cases are often classified as idiopathic. Diagnosis is based on a thorough history and physical and histopathological examination of lesions. According to the clinical presentation and histopathological characteristics of the cutaneous lesions, this case is the first report to describe diagnosis and treatment of a horse with EM in Brazil. Case: A Quarter Horse filly was followed clinically for 12 months after sudden onset of skin lesions at 18 months of age. The initial lesions were non-alopecic papules with a symmetrical bilateral distribution. Six months after onset, the skin lesions maintained the original distribution pattern; however, they had progressed to papules and plaques with varying annular, arciform, serpiginous, targetoid, or alopecic appearance. At 8 months, the same distribution pattern and appearance remained, but the lesions had become more severe and extensive, with involvement of the labial commissures and perineal region, without any erosions/ulcerations, scaling/crusting, pain, or pruritus. At 12 months, new nodular lesions were found on the medial and lateral surfaces of the hind limbs, neck, bilateral trunk, and root of the tail. The lesions were firm, non-pruritic, and non-tender on palpation. Swabs were obtained from the papular lesions. Skin specimens were also obtained with a 6-mm punch and via incisional biopsy and histological sections were made. Bacterial and fungal cultures were negative. Appropriate stains did not identify fungal structures, were negative for acid-fast bacilli, and did not reveal any metachromatic granules in the sampled cell population. The histopathological findings were characteristic of immune-mediated disease, with a vacuolar interface dermatitis affecting the hair follicles more than the epidermis, necrotic keratinocytes, lymphocyte satellitosis, leukocytoclastic mixed vasculitis of the mid-dermis and deep dermis, and variable granulation tissue, consistent with erythema multiforme and leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids and oral supplementation with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and vitamin E were prescribed. After institution of therapy, no new lesions developed, the existing lesions remained stable (though permanent), and hair regrew in the previously alopecic areas. All physiological parameters remained normal throughout the follow-up period. Discussion: Erythema multiforme is rarely reported in horses. According to our literature review, this is the first description of EM in horses in Brazil. EM should be included in the differential diagnosis of horses that present with plaques in a diverse, geographic distribution and a negative initial dermatological screening examination. Further clinical investigation is warranted, with special attention to potential antigenic triggers. A thorough drug and dietary history and close attention to comorbidities are essential, as the suppression of potential culprit factors has important prognostic value and contributes to the elucidation of EM triggers.
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17
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Rodrigues DDJ, Damasceno AD, Araújo CETD, Torelli SR, Fonseca LGH, Delfiol DJZ, Oliveira-Filho JPD, Araújo-Júnior JP, Borges AS. Hereditary myotonia in American Bulldog associated with a novel frameshift mutation in the CLCN1 gene. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:991-998. [PMID: 33246886 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary myotonia (HM) is a genetic disorder that occurs due to mutations in the chloride channel and results in delayed relaxation of the skeletal muscles. HM has been described in 12 dog breeds, and in five of them, molecular studies of this disorder were performed and mutations in the CLCN1 gene were described. In this study, an affected American Bulldog with HM clinically characterized by muscle hypertrophy, myotonic discharges, and nondystrophic myotonia with a "warm-up" phenomenon was evaluated, and the candidate canine CLCN1 gene was sequenced. The molecular analysis revealed a frameshift mutation NM_001003124.2:c.436_437insCTCT that resulted in a frameshift and a premature stop codon NP_001003124.1:pTyr146SerfsTer49 . Two aberrant alternative CLCN1 transcripts were observed in an affected dog, the expected transcript with the 4 bp insertion, NM_001003124.2:r.436_437insctct, and an unexpected transcript containing parts of intron 6 in addition to the insertion in exon 4, NM_001003124.2:[r.436_437insctct;r.774_775ins79]. In conclusion, the frameshift mutation in the CLCN1 gene is associated with autosomal recessive HM in American Bulldog and this study constitutes the first description of the disease in this breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane de Jesus Rodrigues
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Corrêa, s/n, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Adilson Donizeti Damasceno
- School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Rodovia Goiânia, km 8 s/n Campus - Samambaia, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, Brazil
| | - César Erineudo Tavares de Araújo
- University Center UNILEAO, Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil. Av. Maria Letícia Leite Pereira s/n, Lagoa Seca - Cidade Universitária, Juazeiro do Norte, CE 63040-405, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Torelli
- CALE - Animal Surgery and Specialized Diagnostic Laboratory, Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brazil, Rua Itália, 106 - Jardim Bonfiglioli, Jundiaí, SP 13207-280, Brazil
| | - Luine Gabriela Hilário Fonseca
- Self-employed Veterinary, Catalão, Goiás, Brazil, Rua Paraná, 330 - Nossa senhora de Fátima, Catalão, GO 75709-240, Brazil
| | - Diego José Zanzarini Delfiol
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Av. Mato Grosso, 3289 - Bloco 2S - Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG 38405-314, Brazil
| | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Corrêa, s/n, Botucatu, SP 18618-681, Brazil
| | - João Pessoa Araújo-Júnior
- Institute of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Alameda das Tecomarias, s/n - Chácara Capão Bonito, Botucatu, SP 18607-440, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Corrêa, s/n, Botucatu, SP 18618-681, Brazil.
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de Andrade DGA, Basso RM, Magro AJ, Laufer-Amorim R, Borges AS, de Oliveira-Filho JP. Evaluation of a new variant in the aggrecan gene potentially associated with chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Miniature horses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15238. [PMID: 32943661 PMCID: PMC7499210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Miniature horses is an autosomal recessive disorder previously associated with four mutations (D1, D2, D3*, and D4) in the aggrecan (ACAN) gene. The aim of this study was to identify additional variants in the candidate ACAN gene associated with chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Miniature horses. Fifteen dwarf Miniature horses were found to possess only one of the dwarfism-causing variants, and two possessed none of the variants. The ACAN exons (EquCab3.0) of seven dwarf Miniature horses were sequenced. A missense SNP in coding exon 11 (g.95271115A > T, c.6465A > T-RefSeq XM_005602799.2), which resulted in the amino acid substitution p.Leu2155Phe (RefSeq XP_005602856.2), was initially associated with the dwarf phenotype. The variant was tested and found present in 14 dwarf foals as well as one parent of each, and both parents of a dwarf possessing two copies. Genetic testing of 347 phenotypically normal Miniature horses demonstrated that none had more than one of the dwarf alleles or c.6465A > T. However, a study of large breeds revealed the presence of c.6465A > T, which was present in homozygosis in two Mangalarga Marchador horses. We suggest that c.6465A > T as a marker of disequilibrium or complex interactions in the Miniature horse genome could contribute to the associated dwarfism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Martins Basso
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Angelo José Magro
- Institute for Biotechnology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18607-440, Brazil.,School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18610-034, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil
| | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, 18618-681, Brazil.
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Andrade LR, Caceres AM, Trecenti ADS, Borges AS, Oliveira-Filho JP. Allele frequency of nonsense mutation responsible for hereditary nephropathy in English cocker spaniel dogs. Vet Anim Sci 2020; 9:100114. [PMID: 32734115 PMCID: PMC7386716 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2020.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary nephropathy is a primary progressive glomerular disease in dogs associated with the c.115A>T mutation in the COL4A4 gene in English cocker spaniel (ECS) dogs. The disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Hereditary nephropathy has been described in this breed since the late 1940s. To date, there are no data on the prevalence of this disease in Brazil, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the allelic frequency of this mutation in ECS dogs in this country. The DNA samples were purified from blood samples or buccal swabs from 221 ECS dogs. Fragments of the DNA containing the mutation were amplified by PCR and submitted to direct gene sequencing. The allele frequency of the mutation was 0.9%. The presence of the mutation in the ECS dog population in Brazil reveals the importance of performing the genotyping tests in these dogs as a method of diagnosing the disease and identifying heterozygous animals, aiming to reduce clinical cases of disease through mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Rocha Andrade
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, 18618-681, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Amanda Manara Caceres
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, 18618-681, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Anelize de Souza Trecenti
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, 18618-681, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, 18618-681, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jose Paes Oliveira-Filho
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n, 18618-681, Botucatu, Brazil
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Cagnini DQ, Badial PR, Oliveira-Filho JPD, Borges AS, Araújo Junior JPD. Spatiotemporal expression pattern of alpha, beta, and gamma genes during BoHV-5 infection. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2019.150972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 5 is an alphaherpesvirus that causes nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis in cattle. This disease occurs naturally in either outbreaks or isolated cases, and exhibits low morbidity and high lethality. Although previous studies elucidated crucial aspects involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, there is a paucity of information regarding the molecular events contributing to infection and replication of BoHV-5. The objective of the present study was to determine the in vitro gene expression pattern of BoHV-5 (e.g., alpha, beta, and gamma genes) and host cells genes (GAPDH and 18S) over time utilizing different quantities of inoculated virus. Three BoHV-5 genes (bICP0, UL9, US4) and one structural bovine cell gene had their expression accessed by real-time PCR. While the expression of BoHV-5 genes increased during the course of infection, GAPDH gene expression decreased in the host cells, evidencing the effect of viral infection on the expression of bovine cell genes. The 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene was constitutively expressed throughout BoHV-5 infection. Our data clearly demonstrates that GAPDH gene should not be used as a reference gene in studies of BoHV-5 infection because it was influenced by viral infection. However, 18S rRNA was constitutively expressed and, therefore, is recommended for normalization of BoHV-5 infection studies in bovine cells. The expression of viral genes transcripts was not altered by increasing number of viral particles added to the culture. All viral genes included here demonstrated the same expression pattern over time and there was no difference in the expression of viral genes among the various time points. Our data show important differences comparing to classical studies regarding herpesvirus alpha, beta, and gamma genes expression. More research is necessary to improve our understanding about the BoHV-5 biology during infection. Studies employing next-generation sequencing (i.e., RNA-seq), using both in vitro and in vivo models, would be the next logical step to grasp the virus and host cell’s transcriptome changes over the course of infection.
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Zakia LS, Palumbo MIP, Teixeira RBC, Resende LAL, Soares MP, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Amorim RM, Borges AS. Neuromyotonia in a horse. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 33:287-291. [PMID: 30511761 PMCID: PMC6335518 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article describes the clinical and electromyographic findings of neuromyotonia in a 19‐month‐old male crossbred Quarter Horse that presented with stiffness and muscle asymmetry in the hind limbs as well as sacrococcygeal, paravertebral, and gluteal myokymia. An electromyographic study showed spontaneous continuous muscle fiber activity with high‐frequency discharges, fibrillations, positive sharp waves, fasciculation potentials, and complex repetitive discharges. Histological examination of the gluteal muscle showed a mixed neurogenic and myopathic pattern. The findings are consistent with neuromyotonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Stachewski Zakia
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Isa Pocci Palumbo
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Antônio Lima Resende
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine of Botucatu, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogério Martins Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Zanzarini Delfiol DJ, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Badial PR, Battazza A, Araujo Junior JP, Borges AS. Estimation of the Allele Frequency of Type 1 Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy and Malignant Hyperthermia in Quarter Horses in Brazil. J Equine Vet Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nogueira JF, Borges AS, de Andrade DGA, Bezerra FCM, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Cunha SMF, Gouveia GV, Gouveia JJDS. Deepening the knowledge about dermatosparaxis in Brazilian White Dorper population: Basis for the development and implementation of a genetic disease eradication program in sheep. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Gonçalves MA, Pereira PR, da Cruz RAS, Panziera W, de Andrade DGA, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS, Sonne L, Driemeier D. Hereditary microphthalmia in Texel lambs in Brazil. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
RESUMO: O potencial evocado visual (PEV) é técnica eletrodiagnóstica que permite avaliação das vias visuais. O PEV de 20 cães e 20 ovinos adultos, de ambos os sexos, foram obtidos para estudo normativo. Foram utilizados eletrodos de agulha monopolar posicionados em O1 e O2 (ativos), em Fpz (referência comum) e em Cz (terra). O estímulo foi na forma de flash a 1Hz. Dezessete cães e 17 ovinos foram incluídos no estudo, pois apresentaram potenciais auditivos com boa qualidade técnica. Os resultados da avaliação dos dois olhos foram agrupados, totalizando 34 exames em cada espécie. O achado mais consistente em todos os exames foi uma deflexão eletropositiva, com latência média de 55,4ms em cães (P55) e 63,75ms em ovinos (P63). Outras duas ondas eletronegativas também foram identificadas: N31 e N75 em cães; e N42 e N86 em ovinos. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo permitiu obtenção de potenciais visuais com pequena variabilidade, sendo útil para avaliação de animais com suspeita de alteração nas vias visuais centrais.
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Olivo G, Lucas TM, Borges AS, Silva ROS, Lobato FCF, Siqueira AK, da Silva Leite D, Brandão PE, Gregori F, de Oliveira-Filho JP, Takai S, Ribeiro MG. Enteric Pathogens and Coinfections in Foals with and without Diarrhea. Biomed Res Int 2016; 2016:1512690. [PMID: 28116290 PMCID: PMC5223019 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1512690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diarrhea is a major clinical problem affecting foals up to 3 months of age. The aim of this study was to identify enteric microorganisms involved in monoinfections and coinfections and the associated virulence factors in healthy and diarrheic foals. Diarrheic (D) (n = 56) and nondiarrheic (ND) foals (n = 60) up to three months of age were studied. Fecal samples were analyzed for identification of infectious agents (microbiological culturing, molecular techniques, and microscopic analyses). Escherichia coli fimH (30% versus 25%), Salmonella spp. (25% versus 7%), Strongyloides westeri (25% versus 25%), Clostridium perfringens type A (21% versus 10%), E. coli ag43 (20% versus 35%), Strongylus (11% versus 18%), and vapA-positive Rhodococcus equi (5% versus 2%) were the most frequent enteric pathogens detected in D and ND foals, respectively. The frequency of toxin A-positive C. perfringens was significantly increased in the D (p = 0.033) compared with the ND animals. R. equi strains harboring virulent plasmids were also identified (VapA 85-kb type I and VapA 87-kb type I) in D and ND foals. Coinfections were observed in 46% of the D and 33% of the ND foals. Our results demonstrate the great diversity of enteric pathogens, virulence factors, and coinfections involved in enteric infections of foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovane Olivo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Thays Mizuki Lucas
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda Keller Siqueira
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Campinas State University (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Domingos da Silva Leite
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Campinas State University (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Brandão
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Gregori
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan
| | - Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Borges AS, Amorim RM, Takahira RK, Costa JN, Alencar NX, Peixoto APC, Kohayagawa A, Kuchembuck MRG. Evaluation of zebu nellore cattle blood samples using the Cell-Dyn 3500 hematology analyzer. Ciênc anim bras 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1089-6891v15i41755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cell-dyn 3500 is a multiparameter flow cytometer, which may analyze samples from several species performing several simultaneous analyses. It is able to perform white blood cells, red blood cells and platelet counts, besides differential leukocyte counts, packed cell volume and hemoglobin determination. Cell-Dyn 3500 performs total leukocyte count both optically and by impedance. The equipment may choose one or other method, based on the reliability of the results. Erythrocyte and platelet counts are determined by impedance. Leukocyte differentiation is based on an optical principle, using separation in multiangular polarized light. The objective of this study was to compare the results of complete blood count of Zebu Nellore heifers from Cell-dyn 3500, with those obtained from a semi-automated cell counter (Celm CC 510) and the manual technique. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein in 5 mL EDTA vacuum tubes from 58 Nellore heifers, at 24 months of age. Samples were processed in parallel in the three different techniques. Results were analyzed using paired t test, Pearson's correlation and the Bland-Altmann method. There was a strong correlation for all parameters analyzed by Cell-Dyn 3500, manual method and semi-automated cell counter, except for basophils and monocytes counts. These results confirm that this analyzer is reliable for blood samples analysis of zebu cattle.
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Abstract
Brainstem auditory-evoked potential (BAEP) has been widely used for different purposes in veterinary practice and is commonly used to identify inherited deafness and presbycusis. In this study, 43 Boxer dogs were evaluated using the BAEP. Deafness was diagnosed in 3 dogs (2 bilateral and 1 unilateral) allowing the remaining 40 Boxers to be included for normative data analysis including an evaluation on the influence of age on the BAEP. The animals were divided into 2 groups of 20 Boxers each based on age. The mean age was 4.54 years (range, 1-8) in group I, and 9.83 years (range, 8.5-12) in group II. The mean latency for I, III, and V waves were 1.14 (±0.07), 2.64 (±0.11), and 3.48 (±0.10) ms in group I, and 1.20 (±0.12), 2.73 (±0.15), and 3.58 (±0.22) ms in group II, respectively. The mean inter-peak latencies for the I-III, III-V and I-V intervals were 1.50 (±0.15), 0.84 (±0.15), and 2.34 (±0.11) ms in group I, and 1.53 (±0.16), 0.85 (±0.15), and 2.38 (±0.19) ms in group II, respectively. Latencies of waves I and III were significant different between group I and II. For the I-III, III-V and I-V intervals, no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups. As far as we know, this is the first normative study of BAEP obtained from Boxer dogs.
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Carvalho ADM, Badial PR, Álvarez LEC, Yamada ALM, Borges AS, Deffune E, Hussni CA, Garcia Alves AL. Equine tendonitis therapy using mesenchymal stem cells and platelet concentrates: a randomized controlled trial. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:85. [PMID: 23876512 PMCID: PMC3854756 DOI: 10.1186/scrt236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tendon injury is a major cause of lameness and decreased performance in athletic equines. Various therapies for tendonitis have been described; however, none of these therapies results in complete tissue regeneration, and the injury recurrence rate is high even after long recovery periods involving rest and physiotherapy. METHODS A lesion was induced with collagenase gel in the superficial digital flexor tendon in the center portion of the metacarpal region of eight equines of mixed breed. After two weeks, the lesions of the animals in the treated and control groups were treated through the intralesional administration of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (adMSCs) suspended in platelet concentrate (PC) and with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), respectively. Serial ultrasound analyses were performed every two weeks. After 16 weeks of therapy, a biopsy was performed for histopathological, immunohistochemical and gene expression (type I collagen (COL1A1), type III collagen (COL3A1), tenascin-C (TNC), tenomodulin (TNMD), and scleraxis (SCX)) analyses. RESULTS Differences in the ultrasound and histopathological analyses were observed between the groups. Improved results were reported in the group treated with adMSCs suspended in PC. There was no difference in the gene expression levels observed after the different treatments. The main results observed from the histopathological evaluation of the treated group were as follows: a prevention of the progression of the lesion, a greater organization of collagen fibers, and a decreased inflammatory infiltrate. A lack of progression of the lesion area and its percentage was observed in the ultrasound image, and increased blood flow was measured by Power Doppler. CONCLUSIONS The use of adMSCs combined with PC for the therapy of experimentally induced tendonitis prevented the progression of the tendon lesion, as observed in the ultrasound examination, and resulted in a greater organization and decreased inflammation, as observed in the histopathological evaluation. These data demonstrate the therapeutic potential of this therapy for the treatment of equine tendonitis.
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Silva ROS, Ribeiro MG, Palhares MS, Borges AS, Maranhão RPA, Silva MX, Lucas TM, Olivo G, Lobato FCF. Detection of A/B toxin and isolation of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens from foals. Equine Vet J 2013; 45:671-5. [PMID: 23452044 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING THE STUDY Toxin detection and screening could contribute to knowledge of the transmission patterns, risk factors and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens. OBJECTIVE To isolate C. difficile and C. perfringens and to detect A/B toxins in faecal samples from diarrhoeic and nondiarrhoeic foals. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. METHODS A total of 153 samples from foals were collected: 139 samples from farms and 14 samples from diarrhoeic foals admitted to a veterinary hospital. The A/B toxins were detected by cytotoxicity assay. All suspected colonies of C. perfringens were subjected to polymerase chain reaction for detection of the major toxin genes (α, β, ε and ι) and for detection of β2-, NetB- and enterotoxin-encoding genes. Furthermore, C. difficile and C. perfringens isolates were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. RESULTS Seven of 153 (4.6%) samples, all from diarrhoeic foals, were positive for C. difficile A/B toxin. Of these, 5 of 14 (35.7%) were from hospitalised foals, and only 2 of 63 (3.2%) diarrhoeic foal samples were from farms (P = 0.002). Clostridium perfringens was isolated from 31 (20.3%) foals, of which 21 of 76 (27.6%) were diarrhoeic and 10 of 76 (13.2%) were nondiarrhoeic, demonstrating a difference between these 2 groups (P = 0.045). Only 4 strains were positive for the β2-encoding gene (cpb2). All C. difficile and C. perfringens isolates were susceptible to metronidazole and vancomycin. CONCLUSIONS The present report highlights the need for laboratory diagnostics to differentiate C. difficile-associated infection in foals from other causes of diarrhoea to facilitate adequate antimicrobial therapy. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE More studies are needed to clarify the role of C. perfringens as a primary agent of diarrhoea in foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R O S Silva
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
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Damé MCF, Xavier GM, Oliveira-Filho JP, Borges AS, Oliveira HN, Riet-Correa F, Schild AL. A nonsense mutation in the tyrosinase gene causes albinism in water buffalo. BMC Genet 2012; 13:62. [PMID: 22817390 PMCID: PMC3411452 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-13-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is an autosomal recessive hereditary pigmentation disorder affecting humans and several other animal species. Oculocutaneous albinism was studied in a herd of Murrah buffalo to determine the clinical presentation and genetic basis of albinism in this species. Results Clinical examinations and pedigree analysis were performed in an affected herd, and wild-type and OCA tyrosinase mRNA sequences were obtained. The main clinical findings were photophobia and a lack of pigmentation of the hair, skin, horns, hooves, mucosa, and iris. The results of segregation analysis suggest that this disease is acquired through recessive inheritance. In the OCA buffalo, a single-base substitution was detected at nucleotide 1,431 (G to A), which leads to the conversion of tryptophan into a stop codon at residue 477. Conclusion This premature stop codon produces an inactive protein, which is responsible for the OCA buffalo phenotype. These findings will be useful for future studies of albinism in buffalo and as a possible model to study diseases caused by a premature stop codon.
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Conceição LG, Acha LMR, Borges AS, Assis FG, Loures FH, Fonseca e Silva F. Epidemiology, clinical signs, histopathology and molecular characterization of canine leproid granuloma: a retrospective study of cases from Brazil. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22:249-56. [PMID: 21410568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2010.00934.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-eight cases of canine leproid granuloma were diagnosed between 2000 and 2008. Diagnosis was based upon clinical and histopathological findings and the presence of acid-fast bacilli in skin sections. The clinical lesions were localized predominantly on the pinnae and included papules, plaques and nodules, with or without ulceration. Boxer dogs were the breed most affected. Histopathological findings included nodular to diffuse pyogranulomatous, lymphoplasmocytic inflammatory infiltrates, with or without necrosis, localized in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue. The bacillary loading and morphology were variable among the lesions analysed. There was no significant correlation between bacterial load and histopathological pattern, dominant type of inflammatory infiltration or the amount of necrosis or giant cells. No correlation was observed between giant cells and histopathological pattern. In the majority of cases where a PCR-based assay was done, a novel mycobacterium species as the main aetiological agent was identified, as reported in previous studies.
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Abstract
This case report contains clinical and pathologic features of a degenerative myelopathy in Holstein X Gir crossbred calves in Brazil. The bilateral and symmetrical spinal cord white matter lesions were interpreted as a primary axonopathy that may be of the dying-back type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Trindade GDS, Guimarães da Fonseca F, Marques JT, Nogueira ML, Mendes LCN, Borges AS, Peiró JR, Pituco EM, Bonjardim CA, Ferreira PCP, Kroon EG. Araçatuba virus: a vaccinialike virus associated with infection in humans and cattle. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9:155-60. [PMID: 12603984 PMCID: PMC2901946 DOI: 10.3201/eid0902.020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a vaccinialike virus, Araçatuba virus, associated with a cowpoxlike outbreak in a dairy herd and a related case of human infection. Diagnosis was based on virus growth characteristics, electron microscopy, and molecular biology techniques. Molecular characterization of the virus was done by using polymerase chain reaction amplification, cloning, and DNA sequencing of conserved orthopoxvirus genes such as the vaccinia growth factor (VGF), thymidine kinase (TK), and hemagglutinin. We used VGF-homologous and TK gene nucleotide sequences to construct a phylogenetic tree for comparison with other poxviruses. Gene sequences showed 99% homology with vaccinia virus genes and were clustered together with the isolated virus in the phylogenetic tree. Araçatuba virus is very similar to Cantagalo virus, showing the same signature deletion in the gene. Araçatuba virus could be a novel vaccinialike virus or could represent the spread of Cantagalo virus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Universidade Estadual Paulista–Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista–Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
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35
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Feitosa FLF, Borges AS, Benesi FJ, Birgel EH, Mendes LCN, Peiro JR. Concentração de imunoglobulinas G e M no soro sanguíneo de bezerros da raça Holandesa até os 90 dias de idade. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-95962003000700004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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36
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Susanna R, Giampani J, Borges AS, Vessani RM, Jordao ML. A double-masked, randomized clinical trial comparing latanoprost with unoprostone in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Ophthalmology 2001; 108:259-63. [PMID: 11158796 DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) reducing effect and safety of latanoprost 0.005% once daily with unoprostone 0.12% twice daily in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OH). DESIGN An 8-week, double-masked, randomized, parallel-group, single-center clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS A total of 108 patients with POAG or OH were enrolled. INTERVENTIONS After completing a wash-out of ocular hypotensive medications, patients were randomized to receive either latanoprost once daily in the evening plus placebo once daily in the morning, or unoprostone twice daily (morning and evening). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES IOP was measured at 10:00 AM and at 5:00 PM at baseline and at week 8, and before 12:00 noon at week 2. Ocular and systemic safety assessments were performed. RESULTS From an overall baseline of 24.1 mmHg, latanoprost reduced IOP by 6.7 mmHg (28%) and unoprostone reduced IOP by 3.3 mmHg (14%). The difference between the groups of 3.4 mmHg was significant (P: < 0.001, analysis of covariance; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -4.7 to -2.1) in favor of latanoprost. A >/=30% reduction in mean IOP from baseline was achieved by 44% of latanoprost-treated patients compared with 8% of unoprostone-treated patients. The incidence of adverse events was low and comparable between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Latanoprost administered once daily was significantly more effective in reducing IOP compared with unoprostone administered twice daily in patients with POAG and OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Susanna
- Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaringology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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37
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Borges AS, Mendes LC, de Andrade AL, Machado GF, Peiro JR. Optic neuropathy in sheep associated with overdosage of closantel. Vet Hum Toxicol 1999; 41:378-80. [PMID: 10592945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
This report describes clinical and pathological findings in 2 flocks in Brazil where blindness and deaths in sheep occurred after closantel overdosage. Depression, weakness, and blindness affected 37 animals and 17 died in 2 flocks of 190 animals. Two animals submitted for ophthalmic examination showed no inflammation in the anterior segment of both eyes; posterior segment evaluation by indirect ophthalmoscopy suggested retinal degeneration. One postmortem evaluation local spongy vacuolization was in several regions of the brain and the optical nerves had severe axonal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Borges
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Clinica, Cirurgia e Reproducao Animal, Aracatuba, SP, Brasil
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Borges AS, Machado AA, Ferreira MS, de Castro Figueiredo JF, Silva GF, Cimerman S, Bacha HA, Teixeira MC. [Concurrent leishmaniasis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: a study of four cases]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1999; 32:713-9. [PMID: 10881110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Few cases of concurrent leishmaniasis and HIV infection have been reported in Brazil, despite both infections being in expansion. Two cases of visceral leishmaniasis and two cases of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are discussed. Disseminated skin and oral lesions were found in the patients with the cutaneous form of the disease. Prolonged fever, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia were the main manifestations of the visceral form. The CD4 T lymphocyte count was low in all cases. Direct examination of bone marrow aspirate for leishmania and biopsy of cutaneous lesions are the techniques of choice to confirm diagnosis. Pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin B are preferred drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis, including patients with AIDS. The authors recommend the inclusion of this parasitosis in the differential diagnosis of opportunistic diseases in patients with AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Borges
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
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39
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Ferreira MS, Nishioka SDA, Borges AS, Costa-Cruz JM, Rossin IR, Rocha A, Silvestre MT, Nunes-Araújo FR. Strongyloidiasis and infection due to human immunodeficiency virus: 25 cases at a Brazilian teaching hospital, including seven cases of hyperinfection syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 28:154-5. [PMID: 10028097 DOI: 10.1086/517188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferreira
- Centro de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brazil.
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40
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Baban NK, Nunley DL, Borges AS, Roy TM. Human sequelae of severe carbamate poisoning. Tenn Med 1998; 91:103-6. [PMID: 9523504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbofuran is a carbamate that functions as a cholinesterase inhibitor. Accidental or intentional ingestion can produce a life-threatening syndrome that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. We describe a case of intentional carbofuran ingestion that resulted in coma, respiratory failure from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and cortical blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Baban
- Department of Internal Medicine, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA
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41
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Ferreira MS, Nishioka SDA, Silvestre MT, Borges AS, Nunes-Araújo FR, Rocha A. Reactivation of Chagas' disease in patients with AIDS: report of three new cases and review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25:1397-400. [PMID: 9431385 DOI: 10.1086/516130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Three new cases of reactivation of Chagas' disease in patients with AIDS, with central nervous system and/or cardiac involvement, are reported. One patient had histological evidence of acute esophageal and gastric Trypanosoma cruzi myositis, a previously unrecognized finding in patients with reactivated Chagas' disease. The patients had a low CD4 lymphocyte count and had other AIDS-defining opportunistic infections. One patient's condition improved with benznidazole therapy. Analysis of these three cases and review of the 13 others published in the literature revealed that the central nervous system is the most commonly involved site (75%), followed by the heart (44%). Early diagnosis and treatment with benznidazole or nifurtimox probably improve the survival rate. Long-term secondary prophylaxis should be recommended for patients who respond to therapy, although it is uncertain which drug to use for this purpose. T. cruzi should be included in the list of opportunistic pathogens causing infection in severely immunocompromised patients with AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferreira
- Centro de Ciéncias Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brazil
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42
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Silvestre MT, Ferreira MS, Borges AS, Rocha A, de Souza GM, Nishioka SA. [Monoarthritis of the knee as an isolated manifestation of paracoccidioidomycosis]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1997; 30:393-5. [PMID: 9380899 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821997000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis in paracoccidioidomycosis has been rarely reported. The present case describes a 36-"year"-old woman, with chronic monoarthritis in the knee lasting 4 years. The diagnosis was achieved only after synovial biopsy, by anatomopathological examination showing granulomatous reaction with a large number of the characteristic "pilot wheel"Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast cells. Specific therapy, initially with ketoconazole and followed by cotrimoxazole led to complete functional recovery of the compromised joint. No other affected site was detected by various propaedeutic methods, including computed axial tomography of the thorax and abdomen. The authors emphasize the rarity of the case and discuss its possible pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Silvestre
- Centro de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG
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43
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Borges AS, Ferreira MS, Nishioka SDA, Silvestre MT, Silva AM, Rocha A. Agreement between premortem and postmortem diagnoses in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome observed at a Brazilian teaching hospital. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1997; 39:217-21. [PMID: 9640785 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46651997000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the main causes of death in adults worldwide. More commonly than in the general population, in patients with AIDS there is substantial disagreement between causes of death which are clinically suspected and those established by postmortem examination. The findings of 52 postmortem examinations were compared to the premortem (clinical) diagnoses, and there was 46% agreement between them. Fifty two percent of the patients had more than one postmortem diagnosis, and 48% had at least one AIDS-related disease not suspected clinically. Cytomegalovirus infection was the commonest (30.7%) autopsy finding, but not a single case had been suspected premortem. Bacterial infection, tuberculosis, and histoplasmosis were also common, sometimes not previously suspected, postmortem findings. This study shows that multiple infections occur simultaneously in AIDS patients, and that many among them are never suspected before the postmortem examination. These findings suggest that an aggressive investigation of infections and cancers should be done in patients with AIDS, particularly in those who do not respond to therapy of an already recognized condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Borges
- Centro de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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44
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Borges AS, Ferreira MS, Silvestre MT, Nishioka SDA, Rocha A. [Histoplasmosis in immunodepressed patients: study of 18 cases seen in Uberlândia, MG]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1997; 30:119-24. [PMID: 9148334 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821997000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of histoplasmosis was made by isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood and bone marrow or by histopathologic (biopsy or post mortem) examination. The mean age of the patients was 35.8 years; 13 patients were male (72.2%). The disease was disseminated, with the following distribution:skin (38.8%), bone marrow (27.7%), nasopharyngeal mucosa (22.2%), lungs (22.2%), colon (11.1%), central nervous system (5.5%) and esophagus (5.5%). Adenomegaly (50%), hepatomegaly (77.7%) and splenomegaly (61.1%) were frequently seen. The most common hematologic abnormality was pancytopenia (33.3%) of the patients. Eleven patients were treated, 9 with amphotericin B and 2 with itraconazole. Eight had good clinical improvement and all of them were given amphotericin B or a triazolic as maintenance therapy. This study emphasize the importance of this mycosis in immunodepressed patients, specially AIDS patients, in whom the infection tends to invade the macrophagic-lymphoid system and preferentially the cutaneous tegument.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Borges
- Centro de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
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45
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Moura LP, Silvestre MT, Araújo FR, Burgarelli MK, Borges AS, Vinhal FA, Rocha A, Raffin CN, Ferreira MS. [Transverse myelitis as initial symptom of disseminated non-Hodgkin lymphoma and HIV-associated vacuolar myelopathy: case report]. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1996; 54:318-23. [PMID: 8984994 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1996000200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is frequently seen in AIDS patients usually affecting the central nervous system (CNS), especially the leptomeninges and the cerebral hemispheres. The epidural involvement is rarely described, ranging from 3.5% to 8.3% among the CNS sites. The authors present a case of disseminated non Hodgkin lymphoma associated to vacuolar myelopathy in a 27 years-old male patient with AIDS emphasizing the importance of this differential diagnosis in the myelopathies of AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Moura
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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46
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Figueiredo JF, Borges AS, Martínez R, Martinelli ADL, Villanova MG, Covas DT, Passas AD. Transmission of hepatitis C virus but not human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by a human bite. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19:546-7. [PMID: 7811879 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/19.3.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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47
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Costa de Carvalho EM, Senna Galvão A, Teixeira AP, Borges AS, Luz Rocha B, Mascarenhas G. [Endo-perio lesions]. Rev Fac Odontol Univ Fed Bahia 1985; 5:75-95. [PMID: 3870328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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