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Iqbal Z, Azad R, Chen XS, Lin XL, Zhou Z, Wang XM, Nie RE. A New Species of Scymnus (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from Pakistan with Mitochondrial Genome and Its Phylogenetic Implications. INSECTS 2024; 15:371. [PMID: 38786927 PMCID: PMC11122443 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a new species of the subgenus Pullus belonging to the Scymnus genus from Pakistan, Scymnus (Pullus) cardi sp. nov., was described and illustrated, with information on its distribution, host plants, and prey. Additionally, the completed mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the new species using high-throughput sequencing technology was obtained. The genome contains the typical 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, and 22 transfer RNAs) and a non-coding control region, and is arranged in the same order as that of the putative ancestor of beetles. The AT content of the mitogenome is approximately 85.1%, with AT skew and GC skew of 0.05 and -0.43, respectively. The calculated values of relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) determine that the codon UUA (L) has the highest frequency. Furthermore, we explored the phylogenetic relationship among 59 representatives of the Coccinellidae using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods, the results of which strongly support the monophyly of Coccinellinae. The phylogenetic results positioned Scymnus (Pullus) cardi in a well-supported clade with Scymnus (Pullus) loewii and Scymnus (Pullus) rubricaudus within the genus Scymnus and the tribe Scymnini. The mitochondrial sequence of S. (P.) cardi will contribute to the mitochondrial genome database and provide helpful information for the identification and phylogeny of Coccinellidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; (Z.I.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Rashid Azad
- Department of Entomology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan;
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Biological Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; (Z.I.); (X.-L.L.)
| | - Zichen Zhou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2BX, UK;
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Xing-Min Wang
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui-E Nie
- Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; (Z.I.); (X.-L.L.)
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Aguín-Pombo D, Kuznetsova VG. True Parthenogenesis and Female-Biased Sex Ratios in Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha). INSECTS 2023; 14:820. [PMID: 37887832 PMCID: PMC10607665 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Insects are renowned for their remarkable diversity of reproductive modes. Among these, the largest non-holometabolous order, Hemiptera, stands out with one of the most diversified arrays of parthenogenesis modes observed among insects. Although there are extensive reviews on reproduction without fertilization in some hemipteran higher taxa, no such analysis has been conducted for the large suborders Fulgoromorpha (planthoppers) and Cicadomorpha (leafhoppers). In both groups, there are species that reproduce by true parthenogenesis, specifically thelytoky, and in Fulgoromorpha, there are species that reproduce by pseudogamy or, more specifically, sperm-dependent parthenogenesis. In this review paper, we give and discuss the only currently known examples of true parthenogenesis in Fulgoromorpha and Cicadomorpha, mainly from the planthopper family Delphacidae and the leafhopper family Cicadellidae. We analyze patterns of distribution, ecology, mating behavior, acoustic communication, and cytogenetic and genetic diversity of parthenoforms and discuss hypotheses about the origin of parthenogenesis in each case. We also highlight examples in which natural populations show a shift in sex ratio toward females and discuss possible causes of this phenomenon, primarily the influence of endosymbiotic bacteria capable of altering the reproductive strategies of the hosts. Our review is mainly based on studies in which the authors have participated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Aguín-Pombo
- Faculdade de Ciências da Vida, University of Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Valentina G. Kuznetsova
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb. 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Haider M, Schilling MP, Moest MH, Steiner FM, Schlick‐Steiner BC, Arthofer W. Evolutionary history of an Alpine Archaeognath ( Machilis pallida): Insights from different variant. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10227. [PMID: 37404697 PMCID: PMC10316371 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of species histories is a central aspect of evolutionary biology. Patterns of genetic variation within and among populations can be leveraged to elucidate evolutionary processes and demographic histories. However, interpreting genetic signatures and unraveling the contributing processes can be challenging, in particular for non-model organisms with complex reproductive modes and genome organization. One way forward is the combined consideration of patterns revealed by different molecular markers (nuclear vs. mitochondrial) and types of variants (common vs. rare) that differ in their age, mode, and rate of evolution. Here, we applied this approach to RNAseq data generated for Machilis pallida (Archaeognatha), an Alpine jumping bristletail considered parthenogenetic and triploid. We generated de novo transcriptome and mitochondrial assemblies to obtain high-density data to investigate patterns of mitochondrial and common and rare nuclear variation in 17 M. pallida individuals sampled from all known populations. We find that the different variant types capture distinct aspects of the evolutionary history and discuss the observed patterns in the context of parthenogenesis, polyploidy, and survival during glaciation. This study highlights the potential of different variant types to gain insights into evolutionary scenarios even from challenging but often available data and the suitability of M. pallida and the genus Machilis as a study system for the evolution of sexual strategies and polyploidization during environmental change. We also emphasize the need for further research which will be stimulated and facilitated by these newly generated resources and insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Haider
- Department of Ecology, Molecular Ecology GroupUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Martin P. Schilling
- Department of Ecology, Molecular Ecology GroupUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Markus H. Moest
- Department of Ecology, Molecular Ecology GroupUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Florian M. Steiner
- Department of Ecology, Molecular Ecology GroupUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | | | - Wolfgang Arthofer
- Department of Ecology, Molecular Ecology GroupUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
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Sperling AL, Glover DM. Parthenogenesis in dipterans: a genetic perspective. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20230261. [PMID: 36946111 PMCID: PMC10031431 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Parthenogenesis has been documented in almost every phylum of animals, and yet this phenomenon is largely understudied. It has particular importance in dipterans since some parthenogenetic species are also disease vectors and agricultural pests. Here, we present a catalogue of parthenogenetic dipterans, although it is likely that many more remain to be identified, and we discuss how their developmental biology and interactions with diverse environments may be linked to different types of parthenogenetic reproduction. We discuss how the advances in genetics and genomics have identified chromosomal loci associated with parthenogenesis. In particular, a polygenic cause of facultative parthenogenesis has been uncovered in Drosophila mercatorum, allowing the corresponding genetic variants to be tested for their ability to promote parthenogenesis in another species, Drosophila melanogaster. This study probably identifies just one of many routes that could be followed in the evolution of parthenogenesis. We attempt to account for why the phenomenon has evolved so many times in the dipteran order and why facultative parthenogenesis appears particularly prevalent. We also discuss the significance of coarse genomic changes, including non-disjunction, aneuploidy, and polyploidy and how, together with changes to specific genes, these might relate to both facultative and obligate parthenogenesis in dipterans and other parthenogenetic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. L. Sperling
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - D. M. Glover
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Soares AO, Borges I, Calado HR, Borges PAV. An updated checklist to the biodiversity data of ladybeetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Azores Archipelago (Portugal). Biodivers Data J 2021; 9:e77464. [PMID: 34963754 PMCID: PMC8702535 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.9.e77464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recently-published review from 2021 presents a comprehensive checklist of ladybeetles of Portugal, including the Azores and Madeira Archipelagos. Until then, the available information was very scattered and based on a single revision dating back to 1986, a few international catalogues and databases, individual records and studies on communities of agroecosystems. However, no information was available on faunal composition across the Azorean islands and their habitats, using standardised inventories. Here, we present data about the biodiversity of ladybeetles and their distribution and abundance in five Islands of the Azores (Faial, Graciosa, Pico, São Jorge and São Miguel). Surveys included herbaceous and arboreal habitats from native to anthropogenic-managed habitats: ruderal road vegetation, vegetable garden, mixed forest of endemic and non-native host plants, coastal prairies, coastal mixed vegetation, cornfields and urban areas. We aimed to contribute to the ongoing effort to document the terrestrial biodiversity of Portugal, including the Archipelago of the Azores, within the research project AZORESBIOPORTAL-PORBIOTA (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000072). NEW INFORMATION In this study, a total of 1,487 specimens of Coccinellidae belonging to 19 species are reported for several habitats. The listed species are from one single sub-familiy (Coccinellinae) and six tribes; Chilocorini (one species), Coccidulini (three species), Coccinellini (six species), Noviini (one species), Scymnini (seven species), Stethorini (one species). The number of species collected per island differed; Faial (10 species), Graciosa (four species), Pico (seven species), São Jorge (seven species) and São Miguel (12 species). For six species, new island records are given. Currently, the number of species known to occur in the Azores are 32, including two doubtful records. The majority of species are Scymnini, being Scymnus (Scymnus) interruptus (Goeze, 1777) and Scymnus (Scymnus) nubilus Mulsant, 1850, the most abundant species (relative abundance 71.1%). This database will be the baseline of a long-term monitoring project allowing assessment of the impact of ongoing global changes in the distribution and abundance of ladybeetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Onofre Soares
- IUCN SSC, Ladybird Specialist Group, Ponta Delgada, Azores, PortugalIUCN SSC, Ladybird Specialist GroupPonta Delgada, AzoresPortugal
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, sn, Ponta Delgada, Azores, PortugalcE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, snPonta Delgada, AzoresPortugal
| | - Isabel Borges
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, sn, Ponta Delgada, Azores, PortugalcE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, snPonta Delgada, AzoresPortugal
| | - Hugo Renato Calado
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, sn, Ponta Delgada, Azores, PortugalcE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, snPonta Delgada, AzoresPortugal
| | - Paulo A. V. Borges
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalcE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d’Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042Angra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
- IUCN SSC, Mid-Atlantic Islands Specialist Group, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, PortugalIUCN SSC, Mid-Atlantic Islands Specialist GroupAngra do Heroísmo, AzoresPortugal
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Li X, Song N, Zhang H. Comparative and phylogenomic analyses of mitochondrial genomes in Coccinellidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea). PeerJ 2021; 9:e12169. [PMID: 34966567 PMCID: PMC8667754 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coccinellidae are one of the most familiar beetle families, the ladybirds. Despite the great ecological and economic significance, the phylogenetic relationships of Coccinellidae remain poorly understood. One of the reasons is that the sequenced mitogenomes available for this family are very limited. We sequenced complete or nearly complete mitogenomes from seven species of the tribe Coccinellini with next-generation sequencing. All species have the same gene content and gene order as the putatively ancestral insect mitogenome. A large intergenic spacer region (> 890 bp) was found located between trnI and trnQ. The potential for using secondary structures of the large and small ribosomal subunits for phylogenetic reconstruction was predicted. The phylogenetic relationships were explored through comparative analyses across more than 30 coccinellid species. We performed phylogenetic analyses with both concatenation methods (Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference) and multispecies coalescent method (ASTRAL). Phylogenetic results strongly supported the monophyly of Coccinellidae. Within Coccinellidae, the Epilachnini and the Coccinellini including Halyziini were monophyletic, while the Scymnini and Coccidulini were non-monophyletic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nan Song
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Skuhrovec J, Roy HE, Brown PMJ, Kazlauskis K, Inghilesi AF, Soares AO, Adriaens T, Roy DB, Nedvěd O, Zach P, Viglášová S, Kulfan J, Honek A, Martinkova Z. Development of the European Ladybirds Smartphone Application: A Tool for Citizen Science. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.741854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wildlife observations submitted by volunteers through citizen science initiatives are increasingly used within research and policy. Ladybirds are popular and charismatic insects, with most species being relatively easy to identify from photographs. Therefore, they are considered an appropriate taxonomic group for engaging people through citizen science initiatives to contribute long-term and large-scale datasets for use in many different contexts. Building on the strengths of a mass participation citizen science survey on ladybirds in the United Kingdom, we have developed a mobile application for ladybird recording and identification across Europe. The main aims of the application are to: (1) compile distribution data for ladybird species throughout Europe, and use this to assess changes in distribution over time; (2) connect and engage people in nature and increase awareness about the diversity and ecological importance of ladybirds. In developing the application we first constructed a database including ladybird species from the United Kingdom, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Italy, Belgium, and Portugal with associated information on relevant morphological features (e.g., size, main color, pronotum pattern) to inform identification. Additionally, the species were assessed on the basis of probability of occurrence within each country which enables users to reduce the number of species to only those with relevance to the location of the recorder. This is amongst the first collaborative citizen science approaches aimed at involving participants across Europe in recording a group of insects. In the near future, we aim to expand the use of the application to all countries in Europe.
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Soares AO, Calado HR, Franco JC, Aguiar AF, Andrade MM, Zina V, Ameixa OMCC, Borges I, Magro A. An annotated checklist of ladybeetle species (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Portugal, including the Azores and Madeira Archipelagos. Zookeys 2021; 1053:107-144. [PMID: 34393557 PMCID: PMC8352855 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1053.64268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive annotated checklist of the ladybeetle species of Portugal, including the Azores and Madeira archipelagos, is presented. The Coccinellidae fauna comprises a total of 101 species: 83 from the Mainland, 39 from Madeira, and 32 from the Azores. The listed species are distributed among 2 sub-families and 13 tribes: within the subfamily Microweiseinae, Madeirodulini (1 species), Serangiini (2 species), and within the subfamily Coccinellinae, Azyini (1 species), Chilocorini (4 species), Coccidulini (7 species), Coccinellini (30 species), Epilachnini (4 species), Hyperaspidini (7 species), Noviini (2 species), Platynaspini (1 species), Scymnini (37 species), Stethorini (3 species), and Sticholotidini (2 species). The Portuguese fauna comprises 10 exotic species: 5 present in the Mainland, 7 in Madeira, and 6 in the Azores. Harmoniaaxyridis (Pallas, 1773) from Madeira, Propyleaquatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Azores, Delphastuscatalinae (Horn, 1895) from the Azores and Madeira, Nephus (Geminosipho) reunioni (Fürsch, 1974) and Nephus (Nephus) voeltzkowi Weise, 1910 from Madeira and Microserangium sp. from the Mainland, are reported for the first time. Some species are considered doubtful records, as explained in the text. These results were obtained by compiling information on the available literature regarding ladybeetle species on the Portuguese mainland and insular territories, and original data.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Onofre Soares
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and Azorean Biodiversity Group, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Hugo Renato Calado
- Azorean Biodiversity Group, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-801, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Franco
- Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Franquinho Aguiar
- Laboratório de Qualidade Agrícola, Caminho Municipal dos Caboucos, 61, 9135-372, Camacha, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Miguel M Andrade
- Rua das Virtudes, Barreiros Golden I, Bloco I, R/C B, 9000-645, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Vera Zina
- Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Olga M C C Ameixa
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Borges
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and Azorean Biodiversity Group, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Magro
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité biologique, UMR 5174 CNRS, UPS, IRD, 118 rt de Narbonne Bt 4R1, 31062, Toulouse cedex 9, France.,University of Toulouse - ENSFEA, 2 rt de Narbonne, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Cheng G, Du Y, Liu X. Phylogenetic relationship and characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2021; 6:2449-2451. [PMID: 34368443 PMCID: PMC8312585 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1955767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Cheilomenes sexmaculata is a common natural enemy for aphid and psyllid in agricultural systems in South China. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of C. sexmaculata. This mitogenome was 17,297 bp long and encoded 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and two ribosomal RNA unit genes (rRNAs). Gene order was conserved and identical to most other previously sequenced Coccinellidae. All PCGs of C. sexmaculata have the conventional start codon for invertebrate mitochondrial PCGs (ATN), with the exception of cox1 (AAT) and nad3 (TTG). Except for seven genes (cox1, cox2, cox3, nad3, nad5, nad4 and nad6) end with the incomplete stop codon T-, all other PCGs terminated with the stop codon TAA or TAG. The whole mitogenome exhibited heavy AT nucleotide bias (78.0%). Phylogenetic analysis positioned C. sexmaculata in a well-supported clade with Aiolocaria hexaspilota. The relationships (Sticholotidinae + (Coccinellinae + (Scymninae + Epilachninae))) were supported in Coccinellidae, and Halyziini was paraphyletic to Coccinellini within Coccinellinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqi Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China.,National Navel Orange Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yimin Du
- School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China.,National Navel Orange Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xinjun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China.,National Navel Orange Engineering and Technology Research Center, Ganzhou, China
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Marcelino J, Borges PAV, Borges I, Pereira E, Santos V, Soares AO. Standardised arthropod (Arthropoda) inventory across natural and anthropogenic impacted habitats in the Azores archipelago. Biodivers Data J 2021; 9:e62157. [PMID: 33746534 PMCID: PMC7969584 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.9.e62157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this paper, we present an extensive checklist of selected arthropods and their distribution in five Islands of the Azores (Santa Maria. São Miguel, Terceira, Flores and Pico). Habitat surveys included five herbaceous and four arboreal habitat types, scaling up from native to anthropogenic managed habitats. We aimed to contribute to the ongoing effort to document the terrestrial biodiversity of the world, in particular the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores, as islands harbour a significant portion of unique terrestrial biodiversity. Selection of Arthropoda groups for the current checklist was based on their known richness and abundance (Arachnida, Collembola, Hemiptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera), in almost all terrestrial ecosystems, as well as their importance in current Integrated Pest Management and alternative Biocontrol protocols at large (i.e. hymenopteran parasitoids and beneficial Coleoptera). In addition, we include the list of Dermaptera, Orthoptera, Psocoptera and Thysanoptera species. These assembled groups represent part of the monitoring programme EDEN Azores (2008-2014), where all Arthropod fauna, at all strata, within nine representative habitats of the abovementioned five Islands of the Azores was recorded. New information In this study, a total of 116,523 specimens, belonging to 483 species and subspecies of selected groups of arthropods, are reported by order, family and, when possible, genus and species. Hymenopteran, mostly parasitoids, accounted for the most represented taxa across all the monitoring and sampling phase of EDEN Azores (193 species and mophospecies), followed by Coleoptera (95 species); Collembola (89 species); and Araneae (72 species). A total of 37 non-native species are reported for the first time in the Azores. Coleoptera: Asaphidionflavipes (Linnaeus, 1761) (Carabidae); Tachyporusdispar (Paykull, 1789) (Staphylinidae). Hemiptera: Acrosternumheegeri Fieber, 1861 (Pentatomidae). Collembola: Entomobryaregularis Stach, 1963 (Entomobryidae); Lepidocyrtuslusitanicuspiezoensis (Simón-Benito, 2007) (Entomobryidae); Jordanathrixarticulata (Ellis, 1974) (Sminthuridae); Sminthurinusquadrimaculatus (Ryder, 1879) (Katiannidae); Himalanura sp. (Entomobryidae); Protophorura sp. (Onychiuridae). Hymenoptera, parasitoids: Aphidiuscolemani Viereck, 1912 (Braconidae); Aphidiuservi Haliday, 1834 (Braconidae); Aphidiusmatricariae Viereck, 1912 (Braconidae); Aphidiusrhopalosiphi Stefani-Perez, 1902 (Braconidae); Aphidiusrosae (Haliday, 1834) (Braconidae); Aphidiusurticae Haliday, 1834 (Braconidae); Centistideaectoedemiae Rohwer, 1914 (Braconidae); Meteorusunicolor (Wesmael, 1835) (Braconidae); Meteoruscollaris (Spin.) Hal. – Ruschka, Fulmek, 1915 (Braconidae); Orthostigmacratospilum (Thomson, 1895) (Braconidae); Orthostigmalatriventris Ratzeburg, 1844 (Braconidae); two other species of Orthostigma sp.; Pseudopezomachusbituberculatus (Marshall, 1905) (Braconidae); Tanycarpapunctata (van Achterberg, 1976) (Braconidae); Gonatopusclavipes (Thunberg, 1827) (Dryinidae). New genera not previously recorded for the Azores include: Pycnetron sp. (Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae); four species of Aspilota sp. (Braconidae: Alysiinae); four species of Chorebus sp. (Braconidae: Aphidiinae: Alysiinae); Microgaster sp. (Braconidae: Microgastrinae); Homolobus sp. (Braconidae: Homolobinae); Lodbrokia sp. (Braconidae: Alysiinae). These 37 taxa were found in several Islands and five are new species for Flores Island, 10 species are new for Pico Island, 12 species are new for Terceira Island, 19 species are new for S. Miguel Island and five species are new for S. Maria Island. Additional species records for the Islands included: Flores (5 Collembola, 9 Araneae; 2 Hemiptera; 8 Coleoptera, 8 Hymenoptera), Pico (4 Collembola; 7 Araneae; 4 Hemiptera; 11 Coleoptera; 9 Hymenoptera), Terceira (4 Collembola; 1 Araneae; 3 Hymenoptera), S. Miguel (1 Araneae; 2 Coleoptera; 3 Hymenoptera), S. Maria (5 Collembola; 3 Araneae; 2 Hemiptera; 2 Hymenoptera).
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marcelino
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500, Ponta Delgada, Portugal cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500 Ponta Delgada Portugal
| | - Paulo A V Borges
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Portugal cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042 Angra do Heroismo Portugal.,IUCN SSC Mid-Atlantic Islands Specialist Group, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal IUCN SSC Mid-Atlantic Islands Specialist Group Angra do Heroísmo Portugal
| | - Isabel Borges
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500, Ponta Delgada, Portugal cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500 Ponta Delgada Portugal
| | - Enésima Pereira
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042, Angra do Heroismo, Portugal cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, São Pedro, 9700-042 Angra do Heroismo Portugal
| | - Vasco Santos
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500, Ponta Delgada, Portugal cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500 Ponta Delgada Portugal
| | - António Onofre Soares
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500, Ponta Delgada, Portugal cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Rua Madre de Deus, 9500 Ponta Delgada Portugal
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Magro A, Churata-Salcedo J, Lecompte E, Hemptinne JL, Almeida LM. A new species of Nephus ( Nephus) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) described from Reunion Island. Zookeys 2020; 962:123-137. [PMID: 32904313 PMCID: PMC7452912 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.962.51520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here a new species belonging to Nephus (Nephus) Mulsant. Nephus (Nephus) apoloniasp. nov. was collected in the Reunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean). We describe this new species and redescribe and illustrate three other Nephus species already known from Reunion: Nephus (Nephus) oblongosignatus Mulsant, 1850, Nephus (Geminosipho) reunioni (Fürsch, 1974) and Nephus (Nephus) voeltzkowi Weise, 1910. Furthermore, we present a phylogenetic tree for these four species and calculate the genetic distances between them, using high-throughput DNA sequencing of the mitochondrial genome. The similar external morphology of N. apolonia sp. nov. and N. voeltzkowi very probably explains why individuals from the first species have been mistakenly identified as the latter and were not recognized as different until now. Other than external and genitalia traits, the present study provides molecular evidence confirming these are indeed two different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Magro
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 CNRS, UPS, IRD, 118 rt de Narbonne Bt 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique Toulouse France.,ENSFEA, 2 rt de Narbonne, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France ENSFEA Castanet-Tolosan France
| | - Julissa Churata-Salcedo
- Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera, Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19030, 81581-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil
| | - Emilie Lecompte
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 CNRS, UPS, IRD, 118 rt de Narbonne Bt 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique Toulouse France.,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, 118 rt de Narbonne, Toulouse, France Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Jean-Louis Hemptinne
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 CNRS, UPS, IRD, 118 rt de Narbonne Bt 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique Toulouse France.,ENSFEA, 2 rt de Narbonne, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France ENSFEA Castanet-Tolosan France
| | - Lúcia M Almeida
- Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera, Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19030, 81581-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil
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