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Negi V, Kuhn RJ, Fekete DM. Exploring the Expression and Function of cTyro3, a Candidate Zika Virus Receptor, in the Embryonic Chicken Brain and Inner Ear. Viruses 2023; 15:247. [PMID: 36680287 PMCID: PMC9867072 DOI: 10.3390/v15010247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane protein Axl was proposed as an entry receptor for Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in vitro, but conflicting results from in vivo studies have made it difficult to establish Axl as a physiologically relevant ZIKV receptor. Both the functional redundancy of receptors and the experimental model used can lead to variable results. Therefore, it can be informative to explore alternative animal models to analyze ZIKV receptor candidates as an aid in discovering antivirals. This study used chicken embryos to examine the role of chicken Tyro3 (cTyro3), the equivalent of human Axl. Results show that endogenous cTyro3 mRNA expression overlaps with previously described hot spots of ZIKV infectivity in the brain and inner ear. We asked if ectopic expression or knockdown of cTyro3 influenced ZIKV infection in embryos. Tol2 vectors or replication-competent avian retroviruses were used in ovo to introduce full-length or truncated (presumed dominant-negative) cTyro3, respectively, into the neural tube on embryonic day two (E2). ZIKV was delivered to the brain 24 h later. cTyro3 manipulations did not alter ZIKV infection or cell death in the E5/E6 brain. Moreover, delivery of truncated cTyro3 variants to the E3 otocyst had no effect on inner ear formation on E6 or E10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donna M. Fekete
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
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Murali A, Kumar S, Akshaya S, Singh SK. Drug repurposing toward the inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of various flaviviruses through computational study. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:127-145. [PMID: 36502494 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous pathogens affecting human is present in the flavivirus family namely west nile, dengue, yellow fever, and zika which involves in development of global burden and distressing the environment economically. Till date, no approved drugs are available for targeting these viruses. The threat which urged the identification of small molecules for the inhibition of these viruses is the spreading of serious viral diseases. The recent outbreak of zika and dengue infections postured a solemn risk to worldwide public well-being. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is the supreme adaptable enzymes of all the RNA viruses which is responsible for the replication and transcription of genome among the structural and nonstructural proteins of flaviviruses. It is understood that the RdRp of the flaviviruses are similar stating that the japanese encephalitis and west nile shares 70% identity with zika whereas the dengue serotype 2 and 3 shares the identity of 76% and 81%, respectively. In this study, we investigated the binding site of four flaviviral RdRp and provided insights into various interaction of the molecules using the computational approach. Our study helps in recognizing the potent compounds that could inhibit the viral protein as a common inhibitor. Additionally, with the conformational stability analysis, we proposed the possible mechanism of inhibition of the identified common small molecule toward RdRp of flavivirus. Finally, this study could be an initiative for the identification of common inhibitors and can be explored further for understanding the mechanism of action through in vitro studies for the study on efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthy Murali
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sanjeev K Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Data Sciences, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, India
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Tanneti NS, Federspiel JD, Cristea IM, Enquist LW. The axonal sorting activity of pseudorabies virus Us9 protein depends on the state of neuronal maturation. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008861. [PMID: 33370419 PMCID: PMC7794026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-herpesviruses establish a life-long infection in the nervous system of the affected host; while this infection is restricted to peripheral neurons in a healthy host, the reactivated virus can spread within the neuronal circuitry, such as to the brain, in compromised individuals and lead to adverse health outcomes. Pseudorabies virus (PRV), an alpha-herpesvirus, requires the viral protein Us9 to sort virus particles into axons and facilitate neuronal spread. Us9 sorts virus particles by mediating the interaction of virus particles with neuronal transport machinery. Here, we report that Us9-mediated regulation of axonal sorting also depends on the state of neuronal maturation. Specifically, the development of dendrites and axons is accompanied with proteomic changes that influence neuronal processes. Immature superior cervical ganglionic neurons (SCGs) have rudimentary neurites that lack markers of mature axons. Immature SCGs can be infected by PRV, but they show markedly reduced Us9-dependent regulation of sorting, and increased Us9-independent transport of particles into neurites. Mature SCGs have relatively higher abundances of proteins characteristic of vesicle-transport machinery. We also identify Us9-associated neuronal proteins that can contribute to axonal sorting and subsequent anterograde spread of virus particles in axons. We show that SMPD4/nsMase3, a sphingomyelinase abundant in lipid-rafts, associates with Us9 and is a negative regulator of PRV sorting into axons and neuronal spread, a potential antiviral function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhila S. Tanneti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Joel D. Federspiel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Ileana M. Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Lynn W. Enquist
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Valdespino-Vázquez MY, Sevilla-Reyes EE, Lira R, Yocupicio-Monroy M, Piten-Isidro E, Boukadida C, Hernández-Pando R, Soriano-Jimenez JD, Herrera-Salazar A, Figueroa-Damián R, Reyes-Terán G, Zamora-Escudero R, Cardona-Pérez JA, Maldonado-Rodríguez A, Moreno-Verduzco ER, Torres-Flores JM. Congenital Zika Syndrome and Extra-Central Nervous System Detection of Zika Virus in a Pre-term Newborn in Mexico. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 68:903-912. [PMID: 30188990 PMCID: PMC6399440 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, the Zika virus (ZIKV) replicates in the placenta and central nervous system (CNS) of infected fetuses; nevertheless, the ability of ZIKV to replicate in other fetal tissues has not been extensively characterized. METHODS We researched whether dissemination of congenitally-acquired ZIKV outside the CNS exists by searching for the accumulation of the viral envelope protein, ZIKV ribonucleic acid (RNA), and infectious viral particles in different organs of a deceased newborn with Congenital Zika Syndrome. A real-time qualitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect ZIKV RNA in the brain, thymus, lungs, kidneys, adrenal glands, spleen, liver, and small intestine. The same tissues were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase assays using the monoclonal antibody 4G2 to detect ZIKV envelope antigens. Isolation of infectious ZIKV in a cell culture was carried out using brain and kidney samples. RESULTS A postmortem, virological analysis of multiple organs, such as the kidneys (epithelial cells in the renal tubules), lungs (bronchial epithelia), thymus (epithelial cells inside the Hassall's corpuscles), and brain (neurons, ependymal cells, and macrophages) revealed the presence of ZIKV RNA and envelope antigens. Other tissues of the deceased newborn tested positive by qPCR for Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus 6, including the brain cortex (Epstein-Barr) and the thymus, kidneys, and adrenal glands (human herpesvirus 6). The kidneys were identified as a significant niche for viral replication, given that infectious particles were successfully isolated from renal tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the ability of congenitally-acquired ZIKV to produce disseminated infections and the viral tropism towards epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar E Sevilla-Reyes
- Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Rosalia Lira
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Martha Yocupicio-Monroy
- Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Elvira Piten-Isidro
- Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Celia Boukadida
- Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Reyes-Terán
- Departamento de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | | | | | - Angélica Maldonado-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Elsa Romelia Moreno-Verduzco
- Subdirección de Servicios Auxiliares de Diagnóstico, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Jesús Miguel Torres-Flores
- Laboratorio de Virología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, México
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Esquivel RN, Patel A, Kudchodkar SB, Park DH, Stettler K, Beltramello M, Allen JW, Mendoza J, Ramos S, Choi H, Borole P, Asija K, Bah M, Shaheen S, Chen J, Yan J, Durham AC, Smith TR, Broderick K, Guibinga G, Muthumani K, Corti D, Humeau L, Weiner DB. In Vivo Delivery of a DNA-Encoded Monoclonal Antibody Protects Non-human Primates against Zika Virus. Mol Ther 2019; 27:974-985. [PMID: 30962164 PMCID: PMC6520333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is endemic to several world regions, and many others are at high risk for seasonal outbreaks. Synthetic DNA-encoded monoclonal antibody (DMAb) is an approach that enables in vivo delivery of highly potent mAbs to control infections. We engineered DMAb-ZK190, encoding the mAb ZK190 neutralizing antibody, which targets the ZIKV E protein DIII domain. In vivo-delivered DMAb-ZK190 achieved expression levels persisting >10 weeks in mice and >3 weeks in non-human primate (NHPs), which is protective against ZIKV infectious challenge. This study is the first demonstration of infectious disease control in NHPs following in vivo delivery of a nucleic acid-encoded antibody, supporting the importance of this new platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne N. Esquivel
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ami Patel
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sagar B. Kudchodkar
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H. Park
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Karin Stettler
- Humabs BioMed: a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Hyeree Choi
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Piyush Borole
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kanika Asija
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mamadou Bah
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shareef Shaheen
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA
| | - Jian Yan
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA
| | - Amy C. Durham
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kar Muthumani
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Davide Corti
- Humabs BioMed: a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - David B. Weiner
- Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Corresponding author: David B. Weiner, Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy & Biology, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Ximenes ASFC, Pires P, Werner H, Jungmann PM, Rolim Filho EL, Andrade EP, Lemos RS, Peixoto AB, Zare Mehrjardi M, Tonni G, Araujo Júnior E. Neuroimaging findings using transfontanellar ultrasound in newborns with microcephaly: a possible association with congenital Zika virus infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 32:493-501. [PMID: 28942698 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1384459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to determine the main neuroimaging findings of microcephalic newborns with possible Zika virus (ZIKV) intrauterine infection using transfontanellar cranial ultrasound. METHODS We performed a retrospective study to describe the main neuroimaging findings in newborns with microcephaly and possible association with congenital ZIKV infection. Microcephaly was defined in the postnatal period using transfontanellar cranial examination which was performed using both two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound. RESULTS One hundred and fifty newborns with microcephaly were identified during the study period. The mean ± (standard deviation - SD) of cephalic perimeter was 28.5 ± 4.2 cm (range, 25-38 cm). Transfontanellar neuroimaging patterns detected cerebral calcifications, neuronal migrational abnormalities, dysgenesis of the corpus callosum, and cerebellar atrophy in 34.9%, 31.1%, 26%, and 16.2%, respectively. Hydrocephalus was seen in 28% of overall newborns. A history of maculopapular rash was present in almost half of the mothers (46.1%). CONCLUSION Neuroimaging patterns by means of transfontanellar ultrasound are accurate and diagnostic investigations of brain pathology in newborns affected by microcephaly and possible intrauterine ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Pires
- b Department of Maternal and Child , Pernambuco University (UPE) , Recife , Brazil
| | - Heron Werner
- c Department of Radiology , Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem (CDPI) , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohammad Zare Mehrjardi
- h Department of Radiology, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,i Section of Pediatric Imaging, Division of Clinical Research , Climax Radiology Education Foundation , Tehran , Iran
| | - Gabriele Tonni
- j Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Guastalla Civil Hospital, AUSL Reggio Emilia , Italy
| | - Edward Araujo Júnior
- k Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine , Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
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7
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Joob B, Wiwanitkit V. Human Zika and West Nile virus neurological infections. Neuropathology 2017; 37:482. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beuy Joob
- Sanitation 1 Medical Academic Center; Bangkok Thailand
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