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Asshoff R, Heuckmann B, Ryl M, Reinhardt K. "Bed bugs live in dirty places"-How Using Live Animals in Teaching Contributes to Reducing Stigma, Disgust, Psychological Stigma, and Misinformation in Students. CBE LIFE SCIENCES EDUCATION 2022; 21:ar73. [PMID: 36194505 PMCID: PMC9727609 DOI: 10.1187/cbe.22-03-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bed bugs are on the rise and are increasingly perceived as harmful parasites. Because individuals affected by bed bugs often feel disgust and shame and are stigmatized, bed bugs are an important public health and environmental justice concern and therefore a health education issue as well. In this quasi-experimental study, we examine how different constructs, namely, forms of stigma, disgust, psychological distance, and myths about bed bugs (dependent variables), change over time (pre/posttest) in response to two forms of teaching intervention (independent variables) in upper secondary-level high school. The content of the interventions was the same, but in class, we showed live bed bugs to one group of students, assuming this would lead to a more realistic, less imaginative response to bed bugs than in the group presented with only pictures of bed bugs. Together with previous studies, we assumed that live bed bugs would be perceived as less disgusting and with a lower degree of stigmatization. Our results show that stigma, psychological distance, and myths can be reduced through intervention (regardless of live animal or picture). Disgust was more strongly reduced by live animals than by pictures. We present implications for biology education and contemporary health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Asshoff
- Centre for Biology Education, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 34, 48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Benedikt Heuckmann
- Centre for Biology Education, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 34, 48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute for Science Education, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mike Ryl
- Centre for Biology Education, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Schlossplatz 34, 48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Reinhardt
- Faculty of Biology, Applied Zoology, TU Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217 Dresden, Germany
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Bultas MW, Smith S. Staying Ahead of Head Lice: Pediculosis Treatment Updates. NASN Sch Nurse 2022; 37:339-344. [PMID: 35549543 DOI: 10.1177/1942602x221099282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pediculosis (head lice) infections are one of the more sensitive issues that may involve the school nurse. In the 3- to 11-year-old age group in the United States, head lice infections are common and can elicit anxiety in students, parents, and school personnel. Head lice do not transmit any communicable diseases and therefore exclusion from school and "no nit" policies are not warranted. Treatment and management for head lice include a range of over-the-counter products and prescription topical and oral medications. Nonpharmacologic and alternative treatments do exist; however, many do not have established efficacy studies, and some can be costly. The school nurse plays an integral role in providing education related to treatment and environmental recommendations for families affected by head lice. Through this education, the nurse can also reduce the stigma and anxiety many feel around the subject of head lice infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret W Bultas
- Trudy Busch Valentine School of Nursing, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sidney Smith
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
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Pérez-Gaxiola G, Velásquez-Salazar P, Veroniki AA, Zambrano-Rico S, Hernández Alcaraz M, Cuello-García CA, Florez ID. Interventions for treating head lice: a network meta-analysis. Hippokratia 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd014735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Velásquez-Salazar
- Evidence and Deliberation Unit for Decision Making - UNED; University of Antioquia; Medellín Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Carlos A Cuello-García
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact; McMaster University; Hamilton Canada
| | - Ivan D Florez
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Antioquia; Medellín Colombia
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Bartosik K, Janczaruk M, Zając Z, Sędzikowska A, Kulisz J, Woźniak A, Jasztal-Kniażuk A, Kulbaka E, Tytuła A. Head Lice Infestation in Schoolchildren, in Poland-Is There a Chance for Change? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030783. [PMID: 35160233 PMCID: PMC8837132 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediculosis capitis is a current and neglected health issue worldwide. The lack of screening programs contributes to the marginalization of the problem and delays therapeutic measures. Our study aimed to analyze the occurrence of this parasitosis in primary schools in Poland and to determine factors contributing to the persistence of its foci. The research tools were two questionnaires: one for primary school children and the other for school managers. While children answered questions about the epidemiology of pediculosis capitis and expressed their opinion on the hygienic condition of infested persons, the school directors were asked about the occurrence of head lice in schools, preventive measures, and institutions supporting schools in combating the infestation. The survey covered the period 2014–2018. Pediculosis capitis was reported in 87.5% of the schools. The greatest number of cases was reported in the group of 6–9 year-olds (68%). Among 4970 children, 16.7% had no knowledge of head lice; however, 57.1% wanted to increase their awareness of the problem. Campaigns on lice were conducted mainly as a result of emerging pediculosis capitis cases, and most schools could not rely on institutional support. Screening programs and preventive educational campaigns should be part of pediculosis capitis control in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bartosik
- Department of Biology and Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (Z.Z.); (J.K.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marzena Janczaruk
- II Chair and Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology of the Alimentary Tract, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Zając
- Department of Biology and Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (Z.Z.); (J.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Aleksandra Sędzikowska
- Department of General Biology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Kulisz
- Department of Biology and Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (Z.Z.); (J.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Aneta Woźniak
- Department of Biology and Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (Z.Z.); (J.K.); (A.W.)
| | - Anita Jasztal-Kniażuk
- Regional Chamber of Nurses and Midwives in Lublin, 20-072 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.-K.); (A.T.)
| | - Ewa Kulbaka
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Tytuła
- Regional Chamber of Nurses and Midwives in Lublin, 20-072 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.-K.); (A.T.)
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Maher BL, Guthrie J, Sturgiss EA, Cargo M, Lovett R. Defining collective capability in Australian evaluations that are conducted by, for and with Indigenous peoples for health programmes, policies and services: a concept analysis protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e055304. [PMID: 34716169 PMCID: PMC8559119 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Indigenist evaluation is emergent in Australia; the premise of which is that evaluations are undertaken for Indigenous, by Indigenous and with Indigenous people. This provides opportunities to develop new models and approaches. Exploring a collective capability approach could be one way to inform an Indigenist evaluation methodology. Collective capability suggests that a base of skills and knowledges exist, and when these assets come together, empowerment and agency emerge. However, collective capability requires defining as it is not common terminology in population health or evaluation. Our aim is to define the concept of collective capability in Indigenist evaluation in Australia from an Australian Indigenous standpoint. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A modified Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis will be used to define collective capability in an Australian Indigenous evaluation context, and to systematically review and synthesise the literature. Approximately 20 qualitative interviews with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge holders will clarify the meaning of collective capability and inform appropriate search strategy terms with a consensus process then used to code the literature. We will then systematically collate, synthesise and analyse the literature to identify exemplars or models of collective capability from the literature. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol has approval from the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Ethics Committee, approval no. EO239-20210114. All knowledge holders will provide written consent to participate in the research. This protocol provides a process to developing a concept, and will form the basis of a new framework and assessment tool for Indigenist evaluation practice. The concept analysis will establish definitions, characteristics and attributes of collective capability. Findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal, conference presentations, the project advisory group, the Thiitu Tharrmay reference group and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community partners supporting the project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby Lee Maher
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jillian Guthrie
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Ann Sturgiss
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret Cargo
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Raymond Lovett
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Stevenson B, Tesfaye W, Christenson J, Mathew C, Abrha S, Peterson G, Samarawickrema I, Thomas J. Comparative efficacy and safety of interventions for treating head lice: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Paediatr Open 2021; 5:e001129. [PMID: 34041368 PMCID: PMC8112437 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Head lice infestation is a major public health problem around the globe. Its treatment is challenging due to product failures resulting from rapidly emerging resistance to existing treatments, incorrect treatment applications and misdiagnosis. Various head lice treatments with different mechanism of action have been developed and explored over the years, with limited report on systematic assessments of their efficacy and safety. This work aims to present a robust evidence summarising the interventions used in head lice. Method This is a systematic review and network meta-analysis which will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement for network meta-analyses. Selected databases, including PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be systematically searched for randomised controlled trials exploring head lice treatments. Searches will be limited to trials published in English from database inception till 2021. Grey literature will be identified through Open Grey, AHRQ, Grey Literature Report, Grey Matters, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number registry. Additional studies will be sought from reference lists of included studies. Study screening, selection, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality will be undertaken by two independent reviewers, with disagreements resolved via a third reviewer. The primary outcome measure is the relative risk of cure at 7 and 14 days postinitial treatment. Secondary outcome measures may include adverse drug events, ovicidal activity, treatment compliance and acceptability, and reinfestation. Information from direct and indirect evidence will be used to generate the effect sizes (relative risk) to compare the efficacy and safety of individual head lice treatments against a common comparator (placebo and/or permethrin). Risk of bias assessment will be undertaken by two independent reviewers using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the certainty of evidence assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations guideline for network meta-analysis. All quantitative analyses will be conducted using STATA V.16. Discussion The evidence generated from this systematic review and meta-analysis is intended for use in evidence-driven treatment of head lice infestations and will be instrumental in informing health professionals, public health practitioners and policy-makers. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017073375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Stevenson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Wubshet Tesfaye
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Julia Christenson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Cynthia Mathew
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Solomon Abrha
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Gregory Peterson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Indira Samarawickrema
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jackson Thomas
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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