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Zhang M, Luo X, He W, Zhang M, Peng Z, Deng H, Xing J. OsJAZ4 Fine-Tunes Rice Blast Resistance and Yield Traits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:348. [PMID: 38337880 PMCID: PMC10857531 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
JAZ proteins function as transcriptional regulators that form a jasmonic acid-isoleucine (JA-Ile) receptor complex with coronatine insensitive 1 (COI1) and regulate plant growth and development. These proteins also act as key mediators in signal transduction pathways that activate the defense-related genes. Herein, the role of OsJAZ4 in rice blast resistance, a severe disease, was examined. The mutation of OsJAZ4 revealed its significance in Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) resistance and the seed setting rate in rice. In addition, weaker M. oryzae-induced ROS production and expression of the defense genes OsO4g10010, OsWRKY45, OsNAC4, and OsPR3 was observed in osjaz4 compared to Nipponbare (NPB); also, the jasmonic acid (JA) and gibberellin4 (GA4) content was significantly lower in osjaz4 than in NPB. Moreover, osjaz4 exhibited a phenotype featuring a reduced seed setting rate. These observations highlight the involvement of OsJAZ4 in the regulation of JA and GA4 content, playing a positive role in regulating the rice blast resistance and seed setting rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Zhang
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (M.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Xiao Luo
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (M.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Wei He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-Product Deep Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
| | - Min Zhang
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (M.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Zhirong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Huafeng Deng
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (M.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Junjie Xing
- Longping Branch, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China; (M.Z.); (X.L.); (M.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
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Castel B, El Mahboubi K, Jacquet C, Delaux PM. Immunobiodiversity: Conserved and specific immunity across land plants and beyond. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:92-111. [PMID: 38102829 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Angiosperms represent most plants that humans cultivate, grow, and eat. However, angiosperms are only one of five major land plant lineages. As a whole lineage, plants also include algal groups. All these clades represent a tremendous genetic diversity that can be investigated to reveal the evolutionary history of any given mechanism. In this review, we describe the current model of the plant immune system, discuss its evolution based on the recent literature, and propose future directions for the field. In angiosperms, plant-microbe interactions have been intensively studied, revealing essential cell surface and intracellular immune receptors, as well as metabolic and hormonal defense pathways. Exploring diversity at the genomic and functional levels demonstrates the conservation of these pathways across land plants, some of which are beyond plants. On basis of the conserved mechanisms, lineage-specific variations have occurred, leading to diversified reservoirs of immune mechanisms. In rare cases, this diversity has been harnessed and successfully transferred to other species by integration of wild immune receptors or engineering of novel forms of receptors for improved resistance to pathogens. We propose that exploring further the diversity of immune mechanisms in the whole plant lineage will reveal completely novel sources of resistance to be deployed in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Castel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Karima El Mahboubi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christophe Jacquet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Pierre-Marc Delaux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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3
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Yang X, Zhao J, Xiong X, Hu Z, Sun J, Su H, Liu Y, Xiang L, Zhu Y, Li J, Bhutto SH, Li G, Zhou S, Li C, Pu M, Wang H, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Huang Y, Fan J, Wang W, Li Y. Broad-spectrum resistance gene RPW8.1 balances immunity and growth via feedback regulation of WRKYs. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:116-130. [PMID: 37752622 PMCID: PMC10754005 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW 8.1 (RPW8.1) is an important tool for engineering broad-spectrum disease resistance against multiple pathogens. Ectopic expression of RPW8.1 leads to enhanced disease resistance with cell death at leaves and compromised plant growth, implying a regulatory mechanism balancing RPW8.1-mediated resistance and growth. Here, we show that RPW8.1 constitutively enhances the expression of transcription factor WRKY51 and activates salicylic acid and ethylene signalling pathways; WRKY51 in turn suppresses RPW8.1 expression, forming a feedback regulation loop. RPW8.1 and WRKY51 are both induced by pathogen infection and pathogen-/microbe-associated molecular patterns. In ectopic expression of RPW8.1 background (R1Y4), overexpression of WRKY51 not only rescues the growth suppression and cell death caused by RPW8.1, but also suppresses RPW8.1-mediated broad-spectrum disease resistance and pattern-triggered immunity. Mechanistically, WRKY51 directly binds to and represses RPW8.1 promoter, thus limiting the expression amplitude of RPW8.1. Moreover, WRKY6, WRKY28 and WRKY41 play a role redundant to WRKY51 in the suppression of RPW8.1 expression and are constitutively upregulated in R1Y4 plants with WRKY51 being knocked out (wrky51 R1Y4) plants. Notably, WRKY51 has no significant effects on disease resistance or plant growth in wild type without RPW8.1, indicating a specific role in RPW8.1-mediated disease resistance. Altogether, our results reveal a regulatory circuit controlling the accumulation of RPW8.1 to an appropriate level to precisely balance growth and disease resistance during pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue‐Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jing‐Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiao‐Yu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhang‐Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ji‐Fen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yan‐Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ling Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jin‐Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Sadam Hussain Bhutto
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Guo‐Bang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shi‐Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Mei Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhi‐Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ji‐Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yan‐Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wen‐Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
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4
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Huang Q, Chen C, Wu X, Qin Y, Tan X, Zhang D, Liu Y, Li W, Chen Y. Overexpression of ATP Synthase Subunit Beta (Atp2) Confers Enhanced Blast Disease Resistance in Transgenic Rice. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:5. [PMID: 38276021 PMCID: PMC10820023 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that the pathogenicity and appressorium development of Magnaporthe oryzae can be inhibited by the ATP synthase subunit beta (Atp2) present in the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris. In the present study, transgenic plants overexpressing the ATP2 gene were generated via genetic transformation in the Zhonghua11 (ZH11) genetic background. We compared the blast resistance and immune response of ATP2-overexpressing lines and wild-type plants. The expression of the Atp2 protein and the physiology, biochemistry, and growth traits of the mutant plants were also examined. The results showed that, compared with the wild-type plant ZH11, transgenic rice plants heterologously expressing ATP2 had no significant defects in agronomic traits, but the disease lesions caused by the rice blast fungus were significantly reduced. When infected by the rice blast fungus, the transgenic rice plants exhibited stronger antioxidant enzyme activity and a greater ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b. Furthermore, the immune response was triggered stronger in transgenic rice, especially the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), was more strongly triggered in plants. In summary, the expression of ATP2 as an antifungal protein in rice could improve the ability of rice to resist rice blast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chunyan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingfei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xinqiu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Deyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.H.)
| | - Yue Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Q.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China (D.Z.); (Y.L.)
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5
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Tsai SH, Hsiao YC, Chang PE, Kuo CE, Lai MC, Chuang HW. Exploring the Biologically Active Metabolites Produced by Bacillus cereus for Plant Growth Promotion, Heat Stress Tolerance, and Resistance to Bacterial Soft Rot in Arabidopsis. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050676. [PMID: 37233717 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Eight gene clusters responsible for synthesizing bioactive metabolites associated with plant growth promotion were identified in the Bacillus cereus strain D1 (BcD1) genome using the de novo whole-genome assembly method. The two largest gene clusters were responsible for synthesizing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and encoding extracellular serine proteases. The treatment with BcD1 resulted in an increase in leaf chlorophyll content, plant size, and fresh weight in Arabidopsis seedlings. The BcD1-treated seedlings also accumulated higher levels of lignin and secondary metabolites including glucosinolates, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Antioxidant enzyme activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity were also found to be higher in the treated seedlings as compared with the control. Seedlings pretreated with BcD1 exhibited increased tolerance to heat stress and reduced disease incidence of bacterial soft rot. RNA-seq analysis showed that BcD1 treatment activated Arabidopsis genes for diverse metabolite synthesis, including lignin and glucosinolates, and pathogenesis-related proteins such as serine protease inhibitors and defensin/PDF family proteins. The genes responsible for synthesizing indole acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA) were expressed at higher levels, along with WRKY transcription factors involved in stress regulation and MYB54 for secondary cell wall synthesis. This study found that BcD1, a rhizobacterium producing VOCs and serine proteases, is capable of triggering the synthesis of diverse secondary metabolites and antioxidant enzymes in plants as a defense strategy against heat stress and pathogen attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sih-Huei Tsai
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Hsiao
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Peter E Chang
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Chen-En Kuo
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Lai
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Wen Chuang
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
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Liu Q, Cheng L, Nian H, Jin J, Lian T. Linking plant functional genes to rhizosphere microbes: a review. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:902-917. [PMID: 36271765 PMCID: PMC10106864 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The importance of rhizomicrobiome in plant development, nutrition acquisition and stress tolerance is unquestionable. Relevant plant genes corresponding to the above functions also regulate rhizomicrobiome construction. Deciphering the molecular regulatory network of plant-microbe interactions could substantially contribute to improving crop yield and quality. Here, the plant gene-related nutrient uptake, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, which may influence the composition and function of microbial communities, are discussed in this review. In turn, the influence of microbes on the expression of functional plant genes, and thereby plant growth and immunity, is also reviewed. Moreover, we have specifically paid attention to techniques and methods used to link plant functional genes and rhizomicrobiome. Finally, we propose to further explore the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways of microbe-host gene interactions, which could potentially be used for managing plant health in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lang Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian Jin
- Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbinChina
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tengxiang Lian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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7
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Han Z, Li F, Qiao W, Zheng X, Cheng Y, Zhang L, Huang J, Wang Y, Lou D, Xing M, Fan W, Nie Y, Guo W, Wang S, Liu Z, Yang Q. Global whole-genome comparison and analysis to classify subpopulations and identify resistance genes in weedy rice relevant for improving crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1089445. [PMID: 36704170 PMCID: PMC9872009 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1089445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Common weedy rice plants are important genetic resources for modern breeding programs because they are the closest relatives to rice cultivars and their genomes contain elite genes. Determining the utility and copy numbers of WRKY and nucleotide-binding site (NBS) resistance-related genes may help to clarify their variation patterns and lead to crop improvements. In this study, the weedy rice line LM8 was examined at the whole-genome level. To identify the Oryza sativa japonica subpopulation that LM8 belongs to, the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 180 cultivated and 23 weedy rice varieties were used to construct a phylogenetic tree and a principal component analysis and STRUCTURE analysis were performed. The results indicated that LM8 with admixture components from japonica (GJ) and indica (XI) belonged to GJ-admixture (GJ-adm), with more than 60% of its genetic background derived from XI-2 (22.98%), GJ-tropical (22.86%), and GJ-subtropical (17.76%). Less than 9% of its genetic background was introgressed from weedy rice. Our results also suggested LM8 may have originated in a subtropical or tropical geographic region. Moreover, the comparisons with Nipponbare (NIP) and Shuhui498 (R498) revealed many specific structure variations (SVs) in the LM8 genome and fewer SVs between LM8 and NIP than between LM8 and R498. Next, 96 WRKY and 464 NBS genes were identified and mapped on LM8 chromosomes to eliminate redundancies. Three WRKY genes (ORUFILM02g002693, ORUFILM05g002725, and ORUFILM05g001757) in group III and one RNL [including the resistance to powdery mildew 8 (RPW8) domain, NBS, and leucine rich repeats (LRRs)] type NBS gene (ORUFILM12g000772) were detected in LM8. Among the NBS genes, the RPW8 domain was detected only in ORUFILM12g000772. This gene may improve plant resistance to pathogens as previously reported. Its classification and potential utility imply LM8 should be considered as a germplasm resource relevant for rice breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyun Han
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Qiao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Yunlian Cheng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfen Huang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Danjing Lou
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Xing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiya Fan
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yamin Nie
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhuang Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziran Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwen Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
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8
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Feng Q, Wang H, Yang X, Hu Z, Zhou X, Xiang L, Xiong X, He X, Zhu Y, Li G, Zhao J, Ji Y, Hu X, Pu M, Zhou S, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Huang Y, Fan J, Wang W, Li Y. Osa-miR160a confers broad-spectrum resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:2216-2232. [PMID: 36101507 PMCID: PMC9828417 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice production is threatened by multiple pathogens. Breeding cultivars with broad-spectrum disease resistance is necessary to maintain and improve crop production. Previously we found that overexpression of miR160a enhanced rice blast disease resistance. However, it is unclear whether miR160a also regulates resistance against other pathogens, and what the downstream signaling pathways are. Here, we demonstrate that miR160a positively regulates broad-spectrum resistance against the causative agents of blast, leaf blight and sheath blight in rice. Mutations of miR160a-targeted Auxin Response Factors result in different alteration of resistance conferred by miR160a. miR160a enhances disease resistance partially by suppressing ARF8, as mutation of ARF8 in MIM160 background partially restores the compromised resistance resulting from MIM160. ARF8 protein binds directly to the promoter and suppresses the expression of WRKY45, which acts as a positive regulator of rice immunity. Mutation of WRKY45 compromises the enhanced blast resistance and bacterial leaf blight resistance conferred by arf8 mutant. Overall, our results reveal that a microRNA coordinates rice broad-spectrum disease resistance by suppressing multiple target genes that play different roles in disease resistance, and uncover a new regulatory pathway mediated by the miR160a-ARF8 module. These findings provide new resources to potentially improve disease resistance for breeding in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Xue‐Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Zhang‐Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Xin‐Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Ling Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Xiao‐Yu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Xiao‐Rong He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Yong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Guo‐Bang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Jing‐Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Yun‐Peng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Xiao‐Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Mei Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Shi‐Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Zhi‐Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Ji‐Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Yan‐Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Jing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Wen‐Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest ChinaSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
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9
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Li X, He Q, Liu Y, Xu X, Xie Q, Li Z, Lin C, Liu W, Chen D, Li X, Miao W. Ectopic Expression of HbRPW8-a from Hevea brasiliensis Improves Arabidopsis thaliana Resistance to Powdery Mildew Fungi (Erysiphe cichoracearum UCSC1). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012588. [PMID: 36293447 PMCID: PMC9603905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The RPW8s (Resistance to Powdery Mildew 8) are atypical broad-spectrum resistance genes that provide resistance to the powdery mildew fungi. Powdery mildew of rubber tree is one of the serious fungal diseases that affect tree growth and latex production. However, the RPW8 homologs in rubber tree and their role of resistance to powdery mildew remain unclear. In this study, four RPW8 genes, HbRPW8-a, b, c, d, were identified in rubber tree, and phylogenetic analysis showed that HbRPW8-a was clustered with AtRPW8.1 and AtRPW8.2 of Arabidopsis. The HbRPW8-a protein was localized on the plasma membrane and its expression in rubber tree was significantly induced upon powdery mildew infection. Transient expression of HbRPW8-a in tobacco leaves induced plant immune responses, including the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the deposition of callose in plant cells, which was similar to that induced by AtRPW8.2. Consistently, overexpression of HbRPW8-a in Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced plant resistance to Erysiphe cichoracearum UCSC1 and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC30000 (PstDC3000). Moreover, such HbRPW8-a mediated resistance to powdery mildew was in a salicylic acid (SA) dependent manner. Taken together, we demonstrated a new RPW8 member in rubber tree, HbRPW8-a, which could potentially contribute the resistance to powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qiguang He
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Cultivation and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xinze Xu
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qingbiao Xie
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chunhua Lin
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Daipeng Chen
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Weiguo Miao
- School of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence:
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10
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Sun X, Xie F, Chen Y, Guo Z, Dong L, Qin L, Shi Z, Xiong L, Yuan R, Deng W, Jiang Y. Glutamine synthetase gene PpGS1.1 negatively regulates the powdery mildew resistance in Kentucky bluegrass. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac196. [PMID: 36415534 PMCID: PMC9677456 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrogen (N) application may induce powdery mildew (PM) in perennial grasses, but the resistance mechanisms to PM remain unclear. This study evaluated the physiological and molecular mechanisms of PM resistance affected by N supplies in Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Cultivar 'Bluemoon' (N tolerant) and 'Balin' (N sensitive) were treated with low N (0.5 mM), normal N (15 mM), and high N (30 mM) for 21 d in a greenhouse. With increasing N levels, the disease growth was more severe in 'Balin' than in 'Bluemoon'. RNA-seq and weighted gene coexpression network analysis revealed that the PpGS1.1 gene encoding glutamine synthetase was a potential hub gene for PM resistance after comparisons across cultivars and N treatments. The N metabolism pathway was connected with the plant-pathogen interaction pathway via PpGS1.1. The expression of PpGS1.1 in rice protoplasts indicated that the protein was located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of PpGS1.1 in wild-type Kentucky bluegrass increased carbon and N contents, and the transgenic plants became more susceptible to PM with a lower wax density. The most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for N metabolism were upregulated and DEGs for fatty acid metabolism pathway were downregulated in the overexpression lines. The results elucidated mechanisms of PM resistance in relation to N metabolism in Kentucky bluegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | | | | | - Zhixin Guo
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Dong
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ligang Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenjie Shi
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangbing Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Runli Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Deng
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiwei Jiang
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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11
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Speck A, Trouvé JP, Enjalbert J, Geffroy V, Joets J, Moreau L. Genetic Architecture of Powdery Mildew Resistance Revealed by a Genome-Wide Association Study of a Worldwide Collection of Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:871633. [PMID: 35812909 PMCID: PMC9263915 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.871633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew is one of the most important diseases of flax and is particularly prejudicial to its yield and oil or fiber quality. This disease, caused by the obligate biotrophic ascomycete Oïdium lini, is progressing in France. Genetic resistance of varieties is critical for the control of this disease, but very few resistance genes have been identified so far. It is therefore necessary to identify new resistance genes to powdery mildew suitable to the local context of pathogenicity. For this purpose, we studied a worldwide diversity panel composed of 311 flax genotypes both phenotyped for resistance to powdery mildew resistance over 2 years of field trials in France and resequenced. Sequence reads were mapped on the CDC Bethune reference genome revealing 1,693,910 high-quality SNPs, further used for both population structure analysis and genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A number of four major genetic groups were identified, separating oil flax accessions from America or Europe and those from Asia or Middle-East and fiber flax accessions originating from Eastern Europe and those from Western Europe. A number of eight QTLs were detected at the false discovery rate threshold of 5%, located on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 13, and 14. Taking advantage of the moderate linkage disequilibrium present in the flax panel, and using the available genome annotation, we identified potential candidate genes. Our study shows the existence of new resistance alleles against powdery mildew in our diversity panel, of high interest for flax breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jérôme Enjalbert
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Valérie Geffroy
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université de Paris, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Johann Joets
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurence Moreau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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12
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Zheng Q, Bertran A, Brand A, van Schaik CC, van de Ruitenbeek SJS, Smant G, Goverse A, Sterken MG. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Specific Activation of Defense Pathways Against Globodera pallida in Gpa2 Resistant Potato Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:909593. [PMID: 35783958 PMCID: PMC9248836 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.909593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyst nematodes are considered a dominant threat to yield for a wide range of major food crops. Current control strategies are mainly dependent on crop rotation and the use of resistant cultivars. Various crops exhibit single dominant resistance (R) genes that are able to activate effective host-specific resistance to certain cyst nematode species and/or populations. An example is the potato R gene Gpa2, which confers resistance against the potato cyst nematode (PCN), Globodera pallida population D383. Activation of Gpa2 results in a delayed resistance response, which is characterized by a layer of necrotic cells formed around the developing nematode feeding structure. However, knowledge about the Gpa2-induced defense pathways is still lacking. Here, we uncover the transcriptional changes and gene expression network induced upon Gpa2 activation in potato roots infected with G. pallida. To this end, in vitro-grown Gpa2-resistant potato roots were infected with the avirulent population D383 and virulent population Rookmaker. Infected root segments were harvested at 3 and 6 dpi and sent for RNA sequencing. Comparative transcriptomics revealed a total of 1,743 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upon nematode infection, of which 559 DEGs were specifically regulated in response to D383 infection. D383-specific DEGs associated with Gpa2-mediated defense mainly relates to calcium-binding activity, salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis, and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). These data reveal that cyst nematode resistance in potato roots depends on conserved downstream signaling pathways involved in plant immunity, which are also known to contribute to R genes-mediated resistance against other pathogens with different lifestyles.
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13
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Kim S, Kim H, Park K, Cho DJ, Kim MK, Kwon C, Yun HS. Synaptotagmin 5 Controls SYP132-VAMP721/722 Interaction for Arabidopsis Immunity to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000. Mol Cells 2021; 44:670-679. [PMID: 34504049 PMCID: PMC8490205 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vesicle-associated membrane proteins 721 and 722 (VAMP721/722) are secretory vesicle-localized arginine-conserved soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (R-SNAREs) to drive exocytosis in plants. They are involved in diverse physiological processes in plants by interacting with distinct plasma membrane (PM) syntaxins. Here, we show that synaptotagmin 5 (SYT5) is involved in plant defense against Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 by regulating SYP132-VAMP721/722 interactions. Calcium-dependent stimulation of in vitro SYP132-VAMP722 interaction by SYT5 and reduced in vivo SYP132-VAMP721/722 interaction in syt5 plants suggest that SYT5 regulates the interaction between SYP132 and VAMP721/722. We interestingly found that disease resistance to Pst DC3000 bacterium but not to Erysiphe pisi fungus is compromised in syt5 plants. Since SYP132 plays an immune function to bacteria, elevated growth of surface-inoculated Pst DC3000 in VAMP721/722-deficient plants suggests that SYT5 contributes to plant immunity to Pst DC3000 by promoting the SYP132-VAMP721/722 immune secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohong Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Hyeran Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Keunchun Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Da Jeong Cho
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Chian Kwon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Hye Sup Yun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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14
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Li GB, Fan J, Wu JL, He JX, Liu J, Shen S, Gishkori ZGN, Hu XH, Zhu Y, Zhou SX, Ji YP, Pu M, Zhao JH, Zhao ZX, Wang H, Zhang JW, Huang YY, Li Y, Huang F, Wang WM. The Flower-Infecting Fungus Ustilaginoidea virens Subverts Plant Immunity by Secreting a Chitin-Binding Protein. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:733245. [PMID: 34421978 PMCID: PMC8377610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ustilaginoidea virens is a biotrophic fungal pathogen specifically colonizing rice floral organ and causes false smut disease of rice. This disease has emerged as a serious problem that hinders the application of high-yield rice cultivars, by reducing grain yield and quality as well as introducing mycotoxins. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of U. virens are still enigmatic. Here we demonstrate that U. virens employs a secreted protein UvCBP1 to manipulate plant immunity. In planta expression of UvCBP1 led to compromised chitin-induced defense responses in Arabidopsis and rice, including burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), callose deposition, and expression of defense-related genes. In vitro-purified UvCBP1 protein competes with rice chitin receptor OsCEBiP to bind to free chitin, thus impairing chitin-triggered rice immunity. Moreover, UvCBP1 could significantly promote infection of U. virens in rice flowers. Our results uncover a mechanism of a floral fungus suppressing plant immunity and pinpoint a universal role of chitin-battlefield during plant-fungi interactions.
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15
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Hu Y, Cheng Y, Yu X, Liu J, Yang L, Gao Y, Ke G, Zhou M, Mu B, Xiao S, Wang Y, Wen YQ. Overexpression of two CDPKs from wild Chinese grapevine enhances powdery mildew resistance in Vitis vinifera and Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:2029-2046. [PMID: 33595857 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play vital roles in metabolic regulations and stimuli responses in plants. However, little is known about their function in grapevine. Here, we report that VpCDPK9 and VpCDPK13, two paralogous CDPKs from Vitis pseudoreticulata accession Baihe-35-1, appear to positively regulate powdery mildew resistance. The transcription of them in leaves of 'Baihe-35-1' were differentially induced upon powdery mildew infection. Overexpression of VpCDPK9-YFP or VpCDPK13-YFP in the V. vinifera susceptible cultivar Thompson Seedless resulted in enhanced resistance to powdery mildew (YFP, yellow fluorescent protein). This might be due to elevation of SA and ethylene production, and excess accumulation of H2 O2 and callose in penetrated epidermal cells and/or the mesophyll cells underneath. Ectopic expression of VpCDPK9-YFP in Arabidopsis resulted in varied degrees of reduced stature, pre-mature senescence and enhanced powdery mildew resistance. However, these phenotypes were abolished in VpCDPK9-YFP transgenic lines impaired in SA signaling (pad4sid2) or ethylene signaling (ein2). Moreover, both of VpCDPK9 and VpCDPK13 were found to interact with and potentially phosphorylate VpMAPK3, VpMAPK6, VpACS1 and VpACS2 in vivo (ACS, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase). These results suggest that VpCDPK9 and VpCDPK13 contribute to powdery mildew resistance via positively regulating SA and ethylene signaling in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xuena Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lushan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yurong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guihua Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bo Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research & Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland College Park, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Yuejin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ying-Qiang Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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16
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Liu X, Ao K, Yao J, Zhang Y, Li X. Engineering plant disease resistance against biotrophic pathogens. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 60:101987. [PMID: 33434797 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Breeding for disease resistance against microbial pathogens is essential for food security in modern agriculture. Conventional breeding, although widely accepted, is time consuming. An alternative approach is generating crop plants with desirable traits through genetic engineering. The collective efforts of many labs in the past 30 years have led to a comprehensive understanding of how plant immunity is achieved, enabling the application of genetic engineering to enhance disease resistance in crop plants. Here, we briefly review the engineering of disease resistance against biotrophic pathogens using various components of the plant immune system. Recent breakthroughs in immune receptors signaling and systemic acquired resistance (SAR), along with innovations in precise gene editing methods, provide exciting new opportunities for the development of improved environmentally friendly crop varieties that are disease resistant and high-yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueru Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Rm 301, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kevin Ao
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Rm 301, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jia Yao
- College of Life Science, Chongqing University, 55 University Town South Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Rm 301, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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17
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Gong C, Cheng MZ, Li JF, Chen HY, Zhang ZZ, Qi HN, Zhang Y, Liu J, Chen XL, Wang AX. The α-Subunit of the Chloroplast ATP Synthase of Tomato Reinforces Resistance to Gray Mold and Broad-Spectrum Resistance in Transgenic Tobacco. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:485-495. [PMID: 32772808 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-20-0242-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast ATP synthase (cpATPase) is responsible for ATP production during photosynthesis. Our previous studies showed that the cpATPase CF1 α subunit (AtpA) is a key protein involved in Clonostachys rosea-induced resistance to the fungus Botrytis cinerea in tomato. Here, we show that expression of the tomato atpA gene was upregulated by B. cinerea and Clonostachys rosea. The tomato atpA gene was then isolated, and transgenic tobacco lines were obtained. Compared with untransformed plants, atpA-overexpressing tobacco showed increased resistance to B. cinerea, characterized by reduced disease incidence, defense-associated hypersensitive response-like reactions, balanced reactive oxygen species, alleviated damage to the chloroplast ultrastructure of leaf cells, elevated levels of ATP content and cpATPase activity, and enhanced expression of genes related to carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, and defense. Incremental Ca2+ efflux and steady H+ efflux were observed in transgenic tobacco after inoculation with B. cinerea. In addition, overexpression of atpA conferred enhanced tolerance to salinity and resistance to the fungus Cladosporium fulvum. Thus, AtpA is a key regulator that links signaling to cellular redox homeostasis, ATP biosynthesis, and gene expression of resistance traits to modulate immunity to pathogen infection and provides broad-spectrum resistance in plants in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo-Zhen Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Fu Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yu Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Nan Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Ling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao-Xue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zhao ZX, Xu YJ, Lei Y, Li Q, Zhao JQ, Li Y, Fan J, Xiao S, Wang WM. ANNEXIN 8 negatively regulates RPW8.1-mediated cell death and disease resistance in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:378-392. [PMID: 33073904 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Study on the regulation of broad-spectrum resistance is an active area in plant biology. RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW 8.1 (RPW8.1) is one of a few broad-spectrum resistance genes triggering the hypersensitive response (HR) to restrict multiple pathogenic infections. To address the question how RPW8.1 signaling is regulated, we performed a genetic screen and tried to identify mutations enhancing RPW8.1-mediated HR. Here, we provided evidence to connect an annexin protein with RPW8.1-mediated resistance in Arabidopsis against powdery mildew. We isolated and characterized Arabidopsis b7-6 mutant. A point mutation in b7-6 at the At5g12380 locus resulted in an amino acid substitution in ANNEXIN 8 (AtANN8). Loss-of-function or RNA-silencing of AtANN8 led to enhanced expression of RPW8.1, RPW8.1-dependent necrotic lesions in leaves, and defense against powdery mildew. Conversely, over-expression of AtANN8 compromised RPW8.1-mediated disease resistance and cell death. Interestingly, the mutation in AtANN8 enhanced RPW8.1-triggered H2 O2 . In addition, mutation in AtANN8 led to hypersensitivity to salt stress. Together, our data indicate that AtANN8 is involved in multiple stress signaling pathways and negatively regulates RPW8.1-mediated resistance against powdery mildew and cell death, thus linking ANNEXIN's function with plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xue Zhao
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yong-Ju Xu
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Lei
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qin Li
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ji-Qun Zhao
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yan Li
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research & Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, USA
| | - Wen-Ming Wang
- Rice Research Institute and Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Zhao Z, Feng Q, Liu P, He X, Zhao J, Xu Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Zhao J, Fan J, Li Y, Xiao S, Wang W. RPW8.1 enhances the ethylene-signaling pathway to feedback-attenuate its mediated cell death and disease resistance in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:516-531. [PMID: 32767839 PMCID: PMC7754472 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW 8.1 (RPW8.1) activates confined cell death and defense against different pathogens. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms still remain elusive. Here, we show that RPW8.1 activates ethylene signaling that, in turn, negatively regulates RPW8.1 expression. RPW8.1 binds and stabilizes 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4 (ACO4), which may in part explain increased ethylene production and signaling in RPW8.1-expressing plants. In return, ACO4 and other key components of ethylene signaling negatively regulate RPW8.1-mediated cell death and disease resistance via suppressing RPW8.1 expression. Loss of function in ACO4, EIN2, EIN3 EIL1, ERF6, ERF016 or ORA59 increases RPW8.1-mediated cell death and defense response. By contrast, overexpression of EIN3 abolishes or significantly compromises RPW8.1-mediated cell death and disease resistance. Furthermore, ERF6, ERF016 and ORA59 appear to act as trans-repressors of RPW8.1, with OAR59 being able to directly bind to the RPW8.1 promoter. Taken together, our results have revealed a feedback regulatory circuit connecting RPW8.1 and the ethylene-signaling pathway, in which RPW8.1 enhances ethylene signaling, and the latter, in return, negatively regulates RPW8.1-mediated cell death and defense response via suppressing RPW8.1 expression to attenuate its defense activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Xue Zhao
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Qin Feng
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Peng‐Qiang Liu
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Xiao‐Rong He
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Jing‐Hao Zhao
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Yong‐Ju Xu
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Ling‐Li Zhang
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Yan‐Yan Huang
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Ji‐Qun Zhao
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Jing Fan
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Yan Li
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research & Department of Plant Science and Landscape ArchitectureUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20850USA
| | - Wen‐Ming Wang
- Rice Research Institute and Key Lab for Major Crop DiseasesSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China
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Jubic LM, Saile S, Furzer OJ, El Kasmi F, Dangl JL. Help wanted: helper NLRs and plant immune responses. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 50:82-94. [PMID: 31063902 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR) proteins function as intracellular receptors in response to pathogens and activate effector-triggered immune responses (ETI). The activation of some sensor NLRs (sNLR) by their corresponding pathogen effector is well studied. However, the mechanisms by which the recently defined helper NLRs (hNLR) function to transduce sNLR activation into ETI-associated cell death and disease resistance remains poorly understood. We briefly summarize recent examples of sNLR activation and we then focus on hNLR requirements in sNLR-initiated immune responses. We further discuss how shared sequence homology with fungal self-incompatibility proteins and the mammalian mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase (MLKL) proteins informs a plausible model for the structure and function of an ancient clade of plant hNLRs, called RNLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance M Jubic
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Svenja Saile
- ZMBP-Plant Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver J Furzer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Farid El Kasmi
- ZMBP-Plant Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Jeffery L Dangl
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
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21
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Li Z, Huang J, Wang Z, Meng F, Zhang S, Wu X, Zhang Z, Gao Z. Overexpression of Arabidopsis Nucleotide-Binding and Leucine-Rich Repeat Genes RPS2 and RPM1( D505V) Confers Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:417. [PMID: 31024591 PMCID: PMC6459959 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors play important roles in innate plant immunity. The activation of NLRs is specifically induced by their cognate effectors released from pathogens. Autoactive NLRs are expected to confer broad-spectrum resistance because they do not need cognate effectors to activate their immune responses. In this study, we demonstrated that the NLR genes RPS2 and RPM1(D505V) from Arabidopsis were autoactive in Oryza sativa and conferred broad-spectrum resistance to fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), and pest brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stål). These results revealed that interfamily transfer of dicot NLRs to monocot species could be functional. The transgenic plants displayed early and strong induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), callose deposition, and expression of defense-related genes after challenged with M. oryzae. The transcriptome analysis showed that the expressions of some defense-related genes were primed to adapt the transformed autoactive NLRs in the transgenic plants. This study indicates that autoactive NLRs are a promising resource for breeding crops with broad-spectrum resistance and provides new insights for engineering disease resistance.
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Xu Y, Liu F, Zhu S, Li X. Expression of a maize NBS gene ZmNBS42 enhances disease resistance in Arabidopsis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1523-1532. [PMID: 30039463 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Expression of the ZmNBS42 in Arabidopsis plants conferred resistance to bacterial pathogens, providing potential resistance enhancement of maize in further genetic breeding. Nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domain proteins play critical roles in disease resistance. In this study, we isolate a novel NBS gene ZmNBS42 from maize and systematically investigate its function on disease resistance. We find that the expression levels of ZmNBS42 in maize leaf were strikingly increased in response to Bipolaris maydis inoculation and SA treatment. The spatial expression pattern analysis reveals that, during development, ZmNBS42 is ubiquitously highly expressed in maize root, leaf, stem, internode and seed, but lowly expressed in pericarp and embryo. To better understand the roles of ZmNBS42, we overexpressed ZmNBS42 in heterologous systems. Transient overexpression of ZmNBS42 in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana induces a hypersensitive response. ZmNBS42 overexpression (ZmNBS42-OE) Arabidopsis plants produced more SA content than Col-0 plants, and increased the expression levels of some defense-responsive genes compared to Col-0 plants. Moreover, the ZmNBS42-OE Arabidopsis plants displayed enhanced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000). These results together suggest that ZmNBS42 can serve as an important regulator in disease resistance, thus better understanding of ZmNBS42 would benefit the resistance enhancement in maize breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjian Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Fang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Suwen Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
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23
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Xu YJ, Lei Y, Li R, Zhang LL, Zhao ZX, Zhao JH, Fan J, Li Y, Yang H, Shang J, Xiao S, Wang WM. XAP5 CIRCADIAN TIMEKEEPER Positively Regulates RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW8.1-Mediated Immunity in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2044. [PMID: 29250093 PMCID: PMC5714888 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic expression of the Arabidopsis RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW8.1 (RPW8.1) boosts pattern-triggered immunity leading to enhanced resistance to different pathogens in Arabidopsis and rice. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains largely elusive. Here, we report that XAP5 CIRCADIAN TIMEKEEPER (XCT, At2g21150) positively regulates RPW8.1-mediated cell death and disease resistance. Forward genetic screen identified the b3-17 mutant that exhibited less cell death and susceptibility to powdery mildew and bacterial pathogens. Map-based cloning identified a G-to-A point mutation at the 3' splice site of the 8th intron, which resulted in splice shift to 8-bp down-stream of the original splice site of XCT in b3-17, and introduced into a stop codon after two codons leading to a truncated XCT. XCT has previously been identified as a circadian clock gene required for small RNA biogenesis and acting down-stream of ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) in the ethylene-signaling pathway. Here we further showed that mutation or down-regulation of XCT by artificial microRNA reduced RPW8.1-mediated immunity in R1Y4, a transgenic line expressing RPW8.1-YFP from the RPW8.1 native promoter. On the contrary, overexpression of XCT in R1Y4 background enhanced RPW8.1-mediated cell death, H2O2 production and resistance against powdery mildew. Consistently, the expression of RPW8.1 was down- and up-regulated in xct mutant and XCT overexpression lines, respectively. Taken together, these results indicate that XCT positively regulates RPW8.1-mediated cell death and disease resistance, and provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism of RPW8.1-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ju Xu
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Lei
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Li
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhang
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Xue Zhao
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing-Hao Zhao
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Shang
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research and Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Wen-Ming Wang
- Rice Research Institute and Research Center for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Hybrid Rice in Yangtze River Basin, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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