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Song F, Ji C, Wang T, Zhang Z, Duan Y, Yu M, Song X, Jiang Y, He L, Wang Z, Ma X, Zhang Y, Pan Z, Wu L. Genome-Wide Identification, Expression, and Protein Interaction of GRAS Family Genes During Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Poncirus trifoliata. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2082. [PMID: 40076705 PMCID: PMC11900033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2025] [Revised: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish mutualistic symbiosis with most land plants, facilitating mineral nutrient uptake in exchange for photosynthates. As one of the most commercially used rootstocks in citrus, Poncirus trifoliata heavily depends on AM fungi for nutrient absorption. The GRAS gene family plays essential roles in plant growth and development, signaling transduction, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the identification and functional characterization of GRAS family genes in P. trifoliata remains largely unexplored. In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of PtGRAS family genes was conducted, including their identification, physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved domains, chromosome localization, and collinear relationships. Additionally, the expression profiles and protein interaction of these genes under AM symbiosis were systematically investigated. As a result, 41 GRAS genes were identified in the P. trifoliata genome, and classified into nine distinct clades. Collinearity analysis revealed seven segmental duplications but no tandem duplications, suggesting that segmental duplication played a more important role in the expansion of the PtGRAS gene family compared to tandem duplication. Additionally, 18 PtGRAS genes were differentially expressed in response to AM symbiosis, including orthologs of RAD1, RAM1, and DELLA3 in P. trifoliata. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening further revealed that PtGRAS6 and PtGRAS20 interacted with both PtGRAS12 and PtGRAS18, respectively. The interactions were subsequently validated through bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. These findings underscored the crucial role of GRAS genes in AM symbiosis in P. trifoliata, and provided valuable candidate genes for improving nutrient uptake and stress resistance in citrus rootstocks through molecular breeding approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees, Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (F.S.)
| | - Chuanya Ji
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (Z.P.)
| | - Zelu Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010000, China
| | - Yaoyuan Duan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (Z.P.)
| | - Miao Yu
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (Z.P.)
| | - Xin Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees, Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (F.S.)
| | - Yingchun Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees, Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (F.S.)
| | - Ligang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees, Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (F.S.)
| | - Zhijing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees, Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (F.S.)
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees, Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (F.S.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zhiyong Pan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (Z.P.)
| | - Liming Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit Trees, Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (F.S.)
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Yuan Y, Li Y, Liu S, Gong P, Lin J, Zhang X. An overview of aptamer: Design strategy, prominent applications, and potential challenge in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 296:154235. [PMID: 38531181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Aptamers, serving as highly efficient molecular recognition and biotechnology tools, have garnered increasing interest in the realm of plant science in recent years. Aptamers are synthetic single-stranded short nucleotides or peptides, that bind targets with high specificity and affinity, triggering precise biological responses. As an alternative to antibodies, aptamers present promising avenues for advancement in biological researches. Aptamers function in a range of fields, encompassing cell signaling, drug development, biosensor technology, as well as botany, agricultural and forestry sciences. In this review, we introduce classifications and screening methods of aptamers, as well as aptamer-based technologies, highlighting their significant contributions to recent advancements. With their powerful functionality and ability to bind targets with high specificity and affinity, aptamers offer promising opportunities for breakthroughs in plant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Siying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Pichang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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