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Dollfus S, Letourneur F, Métivier L, Moulier V, Rothärmel M. Self-assessment scale of auditory verbal hallucinations (SAVH): A novel tool for patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:19-23. [PMID: 38513330 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A scale for self-assessment of auditory verbal hallucinations (SAVH) was developed for patients, and this study aimed to validate the scale by investigating its psychometric properties. METHODS Forty one patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders (DSM-5) self-assessed their hallucinations using nine SAVH questions. Each question was scored from 0 to 5, indicating the severity of the symptoms. Patients were also evaluated with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS), and Birchwood Insight Scale (BIS). The psychometric properties of the SAVH were assessed by the face, internal consistency, construct, convergent and discriminant validities. RESULTS SAVH scores were used to examine the psychometric properties. Cronbach's α and Guttman's Lambda-6 were 0.67 and 0.73 respectively. Significant correlations were observed between SAVH and AHRS total scores, as well as BPRS hallucinatory behavior subscores. No significant correlations were found between total SAVH scores and (i) levels of insight or (ii) negative BPRS subscores. Factor analysis on SAVH revealed three factors accounting for 59.3 % of the variance. Most patients found the questions clear, appropriate, and of adequate length. CONCLUSIONS SAVH demonstrated good psychometric properties, suggesting its utility in assessing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). This self-assessment could be valuable in evaluating AVH treatment efficacy, monitoring AVH, and empowering patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Dollfus
- Inserm UMR-S 1237 PhIND, Presage team, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de Médecine, 14000 Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) A2M2P- CHU, Caen 14000, France.
| | - Florian Letourneur
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de Médecine, 14000 Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) A2M2P- CHU, Caen 14000, France
| | - Lucie Métivier
- Inserm UMR-S 1237 PhIND, Presage team, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de Médecine, 14000 Caen, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) A2M2P- CHU, Caen 14000, France
| | - Virginie Moulier
- Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Centre Thérapeutique d'Excellence, 76300 Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France; Unité de Recherche Clinique (URC), EPS Ville Evrard, Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
| | - Maud Rothärmel
- Inserm UMR-S 1237 PhIND, Presage team, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Centre Thérapeutique d'Excellence, 76300 Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) A2M2P- CHU, Caen 14000, France
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Mazhari S, Karamooz A, Shahrbabaki ME, Jahanbakhsh F, Dollfus S. Validity and reliability of a Persian version of the self- evaluation of negative symptoms (SNS). BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:516. [PMID: 34666744 PMCID: PMC8527712 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) has been developed to allow schizophrenia patients to evaluate themselves in five dimensions of negative symptoms. The present study aimed to examine psychometric properties of the Persian version of SNS. METHODS A group of 50 patients with schizophrenia and a group of 50 healthy controls received the Persian-SNS. Severity of negative symptoms were evaluated by the Scale for Assessment of Negative symptoms (SANS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). RESULTS The results showed that the Cronbach's alpha for the Persian SNS was 0.95. The Persian-SNS and its subscales showed significant positive correlations with the total SANS score and SANS subscales as well as BPRS negative subscale, thus confirming the validity of the scale. Finally, the Persian-SNS showed the ability to discriminate patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls. CONCLUSION The acceptable properties of the Persian version of SNS demonstrated that it is a practical tool for screening negative symptoms in Persian-speaking schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Mazhari
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran ,grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 76175- 113, Kerman, Iran
| | - Anahita Karamooz
- Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 76175- 113, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mahin Eslami Shahrbabaki
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 76175- 113, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Jahanbakhsh
- grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 76175- 113, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- Department of Psychiatry, Center Hospitalier Universitaire, 14000 Caen, France
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Hajj A, Hallit S, Chamoun K, Sacre H, Obeid S, Haddad C, Dollfus S, Rabbaa Khabbaz L. Validation of the Arabic version of the "self-evaluation of negative symptoms" scale (SNS). BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:240. [PMID: 32408876 PMCID: PMC7227103 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The self-evaluation of negative symptoms scale (SNS) is a new easy-to-use self-administered questionnaire allowing clinicians to understand the clinical and genetic factors affecting the negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. There was a need to translate and validate this scale in Arabic so that Arab-speaking patients benefit from it. Therefore, the aim of our study was to validate the Arabic version of the SNS in a sample of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia. METHODS The Arabic SNS was used to quantify the disability associated with negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia (n = 206). Six weeks after completing the SNS, the participants were interviewed again to assess test-retest reproducibility. The validity was confirmed by factor analyses using the principal component analysis technique with a varimax rotation. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was also assessed. RESULTS None of the items of the SNS scale were removed; all items converged over a solution of five factors that had an eigenvalue > 1, explaining a total of 66.01% of the variance (Cronbach's alpha = 0.879; test part). The mean total SNS score was 17.33 ± 8.43 for the "test", and 16.35 ± 7.50 for the "retest". The correlation coefficients between the SNS total score and the PANSS scale and subscales were as follows: total PANSS (r = 0.044; p = 0.530), positive PANSS score (r = - 0.106; p = 0.131), negative PANSS score (r = 0.204; p = 0.003), and general psychopathological PANSS score (r = 0.03; p = 0.530). CONCLUSION This study is the first to validate the Arabic version of the SNS in patients with schizophrenia. Using this scale would help improve treatment by correctly assessing negative symptoms, thus optimizing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Hajj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Souheil Hallit
- grid.444434.70000 0001 2106 3658Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon ,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Karam Chamoun
- grid.42271.320000 0001 2149 479XFaculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon ,Drug Information Center, Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon ,Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon ,grid.444434.70000 0001 2106 3658Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- grid.411149.80000 0004 0472 0160CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France ,grid.412043.00000 0001 2186 4076Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Lydia Rabbaa Khabbaz
- grid.42271.320000 0001 2149 479XFaculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon ,grid.42271.320000 0001 2149 479XLaboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Pierce KM, Maxwell SD, Olino TM, Cooper S, Ellman LM. Factor Structure, Convergent, and Divergent Validity of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Negative Symptom Subscale. Assessment 2020; 28:153-168. [PMID: 31955596 DOI: 10.1177/1073191119899981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Negative symptoms such as anhedonia are associated with psychosis risk and poorer outcomes. The Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ) is a self-report questionnaire used to screen for psychosis spectrum symptoms. However, the convergent and divergent validity and underlying factor structure of the PQ-negative symptom subscale (PQ-N) have yet to be examined. Undergraduates (N = 1,556) completed the PQ, Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale, and measures assessing anxiety, depression, and motivation. An exploratory factor analysis conducted on the PQ-N yielded a two-factor solution, reflecting subdimensions of social expression and dissociative-depressive experiences, contrary to previous research examining the factor structure of negative symptoms. Associations between the PQ-N, its two factors, and measures of negative symptoms and other psychopathology were examined. Results indicated that the PQ-N and its factors were more strongly correlated with measures of depression and anxiety than with measures of negative symptoms relating to motivation and pleasure, suggesting poor convergent and divergent validity.
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DeRosse P, Nitzburg GC, Blair M, Malhotra AK. Dimensional symptom severity and global cognitive function predict subjective quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and healthy adults. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:385-390. [PMID: 29056491 PMCID: PMC5908765 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the last several decades Quality of Life (QoL) has become increasingly important as an indicator of treatment outcomes; particularly in schizophrenia spectrum disorders because of its close association with functional disability. Numerous studies seeking to elucidate the factors that contribute to QoL in this population have implicated both symptom severity and cognition in determining QoL but the findings have been mixed. The critical factors that appear to impede the lack of consensus in the extant literature examining determinants of QoL include the heterogeneity of the samples and measures examined as well as medication effects across different studies. Thus, the present study sought to address some of these issues by examining the relationship between subjective QoL and both symptom severity and cognitive function in a relatively homogeneous patient sample of patients and a community control sample assessed for dimensional symptom severity. Our results suggest that both global cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms have a significant impact on the subjective QoL of both people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and psychiatrically healthy adults. Specifically, we found that a global index of cognition as well as self-reported avolitional and depressive symptoms were significantly predictive of QoL in both samples. These findings highlight the importance of addressing cognitive, depressive and avolitional symptoms in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and suggest that improvements in these domains may have a meaningful impact on their overall QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela DeRosse
- Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Hempstead, NY, USA; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.
| | - George C. Nitzburg
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melanie Blair
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anil K. Malhotra
- Hofstra-Northwell School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Hempstead, NY, USA,Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
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Lincoln TM, Dollfus S, Lyne J. Current developments and challenges in the assessment of negative symptoms. Schizophr Res 2017; 186:8-18. [PMID: 26960948 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Reliable and valid assessment of negative symptoms is crucial to further develop etiological models and improve treatments. Our understanding of the concept of negative symptoms has undergone significant advances since the introduction of quantitative assessments of negative symptoms in the 1980s. These include the conceptualization of cognitive dysfunction as separate from negative symptoms and the distinction of two main negative symptom factors (avolition and diminished expression). In this review we provide an overview of existing negative symptom scales, focusing on both observer-rated and self-rated measurement of negative symptoms. We also distinguish between measures that assess negative symptoms as part of a broader assessment of schizophrenia symptoms, those specifically developed for negative symptoms and those that assess specific domains of negative symptoms within and beyond the context of psychotic disorders. We critically discuss strengths and limitations of these measures in the light of some existing challenges, i.e. observed and subjective symptom experiences, the challenge of distinguishing between primary and secondary negative symptoms, and the overlap between negative symptoms and related factors (e.g. personality traits and premorbid functioning). This review is aimed to inform the ongoing development of negative symptom scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania M Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Movement Sciences, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 5, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- CHU de Caen, Service universitaire de Psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen F-14000, France; UNICAEN, UFR Médecine, F-14074 Caen, France
| | - John Lyne
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, North Dublin Mental Health Services, Ashlin Centre, Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland; Dublin and East Treatment and Early Care Team, Avila House, Blackrock Business Park, Blackrock, Co. Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
Many patients with schizophrenia have negative symptoms, but their evaluation is a challenge. Thus, standardized assessments are needed to facilitate identification of these symptoms. Many tools have been developed, but most are based on observer ratings. Self-evaluation can provide an additional outcome measure and allow patients to be more engaged in their treatment. The aim of this study was to present a novel tool, Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS), and demonstrate its validity. Forty-nine patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders according to DSM-5 were evaluated. Cronbach's coefficient (α = 0.867) showed good internal consistency. Factor analysis extracted 2 factors (apathy and emotional) that accounted for 75.2% of the variance. The SNS significantly correlated with the Scale of Assessment of Negative Symptoms (r= 0.628) and the Clinician Global Impression on the severity of negative symptoms (r= 0.599), supporting good convergent validity. SNS scores did not correlate with level of insight (r= 0.008), Parkinsonism (r= 0.175) or Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale positive subscores (r= 0.253), which indicates good discriminant validity. The intrasubject reliability of the SNS revealed excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.942). Taken together, the results show that the SNS has good psychometric properties and satisfactory acceptance by patients. The study also demonstrates the ability of patients with schizophrenia to accurately report their own experiences. Self-assessments of negative symptoms should be more widely employed in clinical practice because they may allow patients with schizophrenia to develop appropriate coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Dollfus
- CHU de Caen, Service de psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, F-14000 Caen, France; UNICAEN, UFR de Médecine, F-14000 Caen, France; CNRS, UMR 6301, ISTCT, ISTS group, GIP Cyceron, F-14074 Caen, France;
| | - Cyril Mach
- CHU de Caen, Service de psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Rémy Morello
- CHU de Caen, Unité de biostatistiques et recherche Clinique, F-14000 Caen, France
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