1
|
La Grasta Sabolic L, Marusic S, Cigrovski Berkovic M. Challenges and pitfalls of youth-onset type 2 diabetes. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:876-885. [PMID: 38766423 PMCID: PMC11099376 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i5.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasing. The rise in frequency and severity of childhood obesity, inclination to sedentary lifestyle, and epigenetic risks related to prenatal hyperglycemia exposure are important drivers of the youth-onset T2DM epidemic and might as well be responsible for the early onset of diabetes complications. Indeed, youth-onset T2DM has a more extreme metabolic phenotype than adult-onset T2DM, with greater insulin resistance and more rapid deterioration of beta cell function. Therefore, intermediate complications such as microalbuminuria develop in late childhood or early adulthood, while end-stage complications develop in mid-life. Due to the lack of efficacy and safety data, several drugs available for the treatment of adults with T2DM have not been approved in youth, reducing the pharmacological treatment options. In this mini review, we will try to address the present challenges and pitfalls related to youth-onset T2DM and summarize the available interventions to mitigate the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia La Grasta Sabolic
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Sanda Marusic
- Department for Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology , Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Maja Cigrovski Berkovic
- Department for Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology , Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bebbington E, Miles J, Young A, van Baar ME, Bernal N, Brekke RL, van Dammen L, Elmasry M, Inoue Y, McMullen KA, Paton L, Thamm OC, Tracy LM, Zia N, Singer Y, Dunn K. Exploring the similarities and differences of burn registers globally: Results from a data dictionary comparison study. Burns 2024; 50:850-865. [PMID: 38267291 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pooling and comparing data from the existing global network of burn registers represents a powerful, yet untapped, opportunity to improve burn prevention and care. There have been no studies investigating whether registers are sufficiently similar to allow data comparisons. It is also not known what differences exist that could bias analyses. Understanding this information is essential prior to any future data sharing. The aim of this project was to compare the variables collected in countrywide and intercountry burn registers to understand their similarities and differences. METHODS Register custodians were invited to participate and share their data dictionaries. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were compared to understand each register population. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the number of unique variables. Variables were classified into themes. Definition, method, timing of measurement, and response options were compared for a sample of register concepts. RESULTS 13 burn registries participated in the study. Inclusion criteria varied between registers. Median number of variables per register was 94 (range 28 - 890), of which 24% (range 4.8 - 100%) were required to be collected. Six themes (patient information, admission details, injury, inpatient, outpatient, other) and 41 subthemes were identified. Register concepts of age and timing of injury show similarities in data collection. Intent, mechanism, inhalational injury, infection, and patient death show greater variation in measurement. CONCLUSIONS We found some commonalities between registers and some differences. Commonalities would assist in any future efforts to pool and compare data between registers. Differences between registers could introduce selection and measurement bias, which needs to be addressed in any strategy aiming to facilitate burn register data sharing. We recommend the development of common data elements used in an international minimum data set for burn injuries, including standard definitions and methods of measurement, as the next step in achieving burn register data sharing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bebbington
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, Bangor University, Wrexham Academic Unit, Technology Park, Wrexham LL13 7YP, UK.
| | - Joanna Miles
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK
| | - Amber Young
- Bristol Centre for Surgical Research, Bristol Medical School, Department of Population Health Sciences, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Margriet E van Baar
- Dutch Burn Repository R3, Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Maasstad Hospital, Maasstadweg 21, 3079 DZ Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Bernal
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43235, USA; Burn Care Quality Platform, American Burn Association, 311 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 950, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ragnvald Ljones Brekke
- Norwegian Burn Registry, Norwegian National Burn Center, Haukeland University Hospital, Haukelandsveien 22, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Lotte van Dammen
- Burn Centres Outcomes Registry The Netherlands, Dutch Burns Foundation, Zeestraat 29, 1941 AJ Beverwijk, the Netherlands
| | - Moustafa Elmasry
- Burn Unit Database, Swedish Burn Register, Department of Hand Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Burns, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yoshiaki Inoue
- Japanese Burn Register, Japanese Society for Burn Injuries, Shunkosha Inc. Lambdax Building, 2-4-12 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0072, Japan
| | - Kara A McMullen
- Burn Model System, Burn Model System National Data and Statistical Center, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Box 354237, Seattle, WA 98195-4237, USA
| | - Lia Paton
- Care of Burns in Scotland, National Managed Clinical Network, NHS National Services Scotland, Gyle Square, 1 South Gyle Crescent, Edinburgh EH12 9EB, UK
| | - Oliver C Thamm
- German Burn Registry, German Society for Burn Treatment (DGV), Luisenstrasse 58-59, 10117 Berlin, Germany; University of Witten/Herdecke, Alfred-Herrenhausen-Strasse 50, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Lincoln M Tracy
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Nukhba Zia
- South Asia Burn Registry, Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health, Health Systems Program, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yvonne Singer
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ken Dunn
- Burn Care Informatics Group, NHS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most prevalent cardiometabolic disorders on the planet. Type 1 diabetes accounts for only a minority of all cases (recently estimated to be ~2% globally); however, since this is a disorder with an early onset, many people live with type 1 diabetes for a long time. CVD and premature death are the main long-term outcomes for both types of diabetes; however, the type of diabetes that carries the highest risk of these outcomes is a controversial topic and has not been widely studied. Because of the association between diabetes and CVD, the rise in type 2 diabetes prevalence over the past decades has huge effects on global health. The excess risk in people with diabetes compared with those without depends, to a large extent, on the presence of other factors, such as general cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. elevated LDL-cholesterol, hypertension and smoking) and also factors that are more specific to diabetes (e.g. HbA1c, and micro- and macroalbuminuria). Some contributory factors are modifiable, while others are not, such as age, sex and type of diabetes. Older people with type 2 diabetes who have risk factors that are under control can achieve levels of CVD risk that are similar to that of the general population, while younger individuals with type 1 diabetes are mostly unable to achieve similar levels of risk, probably because of long and cumulative exposure to raised blood glucose levels. Despite reports of declining rates of CVD among people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, rising rates of both types of diabetes lead to a continuing rise in the number of people with cardiometabolic disorders worldwide, offsetting the progress made in many countries. Comparison between individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with respect to risk of CVD is fraught with difficulties and highly dependent on other, concomitant factors, some of which are modifiable and others not. Nonetheless, as a whole, what matters most in determining the management of diabetes is absolute risk and lifetime risk. Life-long efforts to achieve glycaemic control, control of lipids and hypertension, and not smoking are key to prevention, with a healthy lifestyle and pharmacological therapy to be implemented as needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Medicine, Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Östra Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Pigi Dikaiou
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Verma H, Verma PK, Kumar V, Bhat N, Bahurupi Y. Prevalence and Associated Clinical Features of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Among Children Presented to a Tertiary Health Care Center of Himalayan Foothills. Cureus 2023; 15:e35435. [PMID: 36994279 PMCID: PMC10041128 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Knowing its prevalence, associated clinical features, and complications is essential for diagnosing children having diabetes-like clinical features. Since there is a limited study from India and no similar study from this geographical part, the present study was carried out. Material and method It is a cross-sectional study, which includes children aged 1-18 years presented to the pediatric outpatient department (OPD), inpatient department (IPD), and emergency with clinical features of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). The enrolled cases were assessed for confirmation of T1DM, and clinical features and associated complications were recorded in the case record form. Result A total of 218 children with clinical features of T1DM were enrolled, out of which 32 (14.7%) had T1DM. Among the 32 T1DM patients, 31 (96.9%) of the participants presented with polyuria, 29 (90.6%) had polydipsia, and 13 (40.6%) had polyphagia. Out of 32 children, 3 (9.38%) had diabetic neuropathy, and 1 (3.1%) had diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion We found that many children with diabetes have clinical features of T1DM and uncontrolled blood sugar. This emphasizes the need for early detection and treatment to prevent long-term complications.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zuckerman Levin N, Cohen M, Phillip M, Tenenbaum A, Koren I, Tenenbaum-Rakover Y, Admoni O, Hershkovitz E, Haim A, Mazor Aronovitch K, Zangen D, Strich D, Brener A, Yeshayahu Y, Schon Y, Rachmiel M, Ben-Ari T, Levy-Khademi F, Tibi R, Weiss R, Lebenthal Y, Pinhas-Hamiel O, Shehadeh N. Youth-onset type 2 diabetes in Israel: A national cohort. Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23:649-659. [PMID: 35521999 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased worldwide, paralleling the rise in pediatric obesity. Occurrence and clinical manifestations vary regionally and demographically. OBJECTIVES We assessed the incidence, and clinical and demographic manifestations of youth-onset T2D in Israel. METHODS In a national observational study, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected from the medical records of children and adolescents, aged 10-18 years, diagnosed with T2D between the years 2008 and 2019. RESULTS The incidence of youth-onset T2D in Israel increased significantly from 0.63/100,000 in 2008 to 3.41/100,000 in 2019. The study cohort comprised 379 individuals (228 girls [59.7%], 221 Jews [58.3%], mean age 14.7 ± 1.9 years); 73.1% had a positive family history of T2D. Mean body mass index (BMI) z-score was 1.96 ± 0.7, higher in Jews than Arabs. High systolic (≥ 130 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (≥ 85 mmHg) were observed in 33.7% and 7.8% of patients, respectively; mean glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) level at diagnosis was 8.8 ± 2.5%. Dyslipidemia, with high triglyceride (>150 mg/dl) and low HDL-c (<40 mg/dl) levels, was found in 45.6% and 56.5%, respectively. Microalbuminuria and retinopathy were documented at diagnosis, 15.2% and 1.9%, respectively) and increased (36.7% and 4.6%, respectively) at follow-up of 2.9 ± 2.1 years. Criteria of metabolic syndrome were met by 224 (62.2%) patients, and fatty liver documented in 65%, mainly Jews. Psychosocial comorbidity was found in 31%. Treatment with metformin (45.6%), insulin (20.6%), and lifestyle modification (18%) improved glycemic control. CONCLUSION Youth-onset T2D in Israel has increased significantly and presents a unique profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nehama Zuckerman Levin
- Pediatric Diabetes Clinic, Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Meidan Cohen
- Pediatric Diabetes Clinic, Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Moshe Phillip
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Tenenbaum
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilana Koren
- The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yardena Tenenbaum-Rakover
- The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrine Institute, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Osnat Admoni
- Pediatric Endocrine Institute, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Goldman School of Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Haim
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.,The Faculty of Health Sciences, Goldman School of Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Kineret Mazor Aronovitch
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,National Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Ra'anana, Israel
| | - David Zangen
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Strich
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Pediatric Specialist Clinic, Clalit Health Services, Jerusalem, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avivit Brener
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yonatan Yeshayahu
- The Faculty of Health Sciences, Goldman School of Medicine, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Ashdod, Israel
| | - Yossi Schon
- Pediatric Endocrinology Institute, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Israel
| | - Marianna Rachmiel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrinology Institute, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Israel
| | - Tal Ben-Ari
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Floris Levy-Khademi
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rami Tibi
- Pediatric Diabetes Clinic, Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ram Weiss
- Pediatric Diabetes Clinic, Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yael Lebenthal
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,National Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Ra'anana, Israel
| | - Naim Shehadeh
- Pediatric Diabetes Clinic, Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,The Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dejkhamron P, Santiprabhob J, Likitmaskul S, Deerochanawong C, Rawdaree P, Tharavanij T, Reutrakul S, Kongkanka C, Suprasongsin C, Numbenjapon N, Sahakitrungruang T, Lertwattanarak R, Engkakul P, Sriwijitkamol A, Korwutthikulrangsri M, Leelawattana R, Phimphilai M, Potisat S, Khananuraksa P, Kunsuikmengrai K, Nitiyanant W. Young-onset diabetes patients in Thailand: Data from Thai Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetes diagnosed Age before 30 years Registry, Care and Network (T1DDAR CN). J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:796-809. [PMID: 34890117 PMCID: PMC9077742 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION There is a lack of current information regarding young-onset diabetes in Thailand. Thus, the objectives of this study were to describe the types of diabetes, the clinical characteristics, the treatment regimens and achievement of glycemic control in Thai patients with young-onset diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of 2,844 patients with diabetes onset before 30 years-of-age were retrospectively reviewed from a diabetes registry comprising 31 hospitals in Thailand. Gestational diabetes was excluded. RESULTS Based on clinical criteria, type 1 diabetes was identified in 62.6% of patients, type 2 diabetes in 30.7%, neonatal diabetes in 0.8%, other monogenic diabetes in 1.7%, secondary diabetes in 3.0%, genetic syndromes associated with diabetes in 0.9% and other types of diabetes in 0.4%. Type 1 diabetes accounted for 72.3% of patients with age of onset <20 years. The proportion of type 2 diabetes was 61.0% of patients with age of onset from 20 to <30 years. Intensive insulin treatment was prescribed to 55.2% of type 1 diabetes patients. Oral antidiabetic agent alone was used in 50.8% of type 2 diabetes patients, whereas 44.1% received insulin treatment. Most monogenic diabetes, secondary diabetes and genetic syndromes associated with diabetes required insulin treatment. Achievement of glycemic control was identified in 12.4% of type 1 diabetes patients, 30% of type 2 diabetes patients, 36.4% of neonatal diabetes patients, 28.3% of other monogenic diabetes patients, 45.6% of secondary diabetes patients and 28% of genetic syndromes associated with diabetes patients. CONCLUSION In this registry, type 1 diabetes remains the most common type and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age. The majority of patients did not achieve the glycemic target, especially type 1 diabetes patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prapai Dejkhamron
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
- Northern Diabetes CenterFaculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Jeerunda Santiprabhob
- Siriraj Diabetes CenterFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Supawadee Likitmaskul
- Siriraj Diabetes CenterFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Chaicharn Deerochanawong
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineCollege of MedicineRajavithi HospitalRangsit UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Petch Rawdaree
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineVajira HospitalNavamindradhiraj UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Thipaporn Tharavanij
- Endocrine and Metabolism UnitDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineThammasat UniversityPathum ThaniThailand
- Center of Excellence in Applied EpidemiologyThammasat UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Sirimon Reutrakul
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Chawkaew Kongkanka
- Endocrinology and Metabolism UnitDepartment of PediatricsQueen Sirikit National Institute of Child HealthBangkokThailand
| | - Chittiwat Suprasongsin
- Research CenterFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Nawaporn Numbenjapon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismDepartment of PediatricsPhramongkutklao Hospital and College of MedicineBangkokThailand
| | - Taninee Sahakitrungruang
- Division of Pediatric EndocrinologyDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Raweewan Lertwattanarak
- Siriraj Diabetes CenterFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Pontipa Engkakul
- Endocrinology and Metabolism UnitDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of MedicineThammasat UniversityPathum ThaniThailand
| | - Apiradee Sriwijitkamol
- Siriraj Diabetes CenterFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Manassawee Korwutthikulrangsri
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Rattana Leelawattana
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineFaculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversitySongklaThailand
| | - Mattabhorn Phimphilai
- Northern Diabetes CenterFaculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineFaculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Somkiat Potisat
- Department of Medical ServicesMinistry of Public HealthNonthaburiThailand
| | | | | | - Wannee Nitiyanant
- Siriraj Diabetes CenterFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Parameswarappa DC, Rajalakshmi R, Mohamed A, Kavya S, Munirathnam H, Manayath G, Kumar MA, Raman R, Vignesh TP, Ramasamy K, Mani S, Muralidhar A, Agarwal M, Anantharaman G, Bijlani N, Chawla G, Sen A, Kulkarni S, Behera UC, Sivaprasad S, Das T, Rani PK. Severity of diabetic retinopathy and its relationship with age at onset of diabetes mellitus in India: A multicentric study. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:3255-3261. [PMID: 34708783 PMCID: PMC8725142 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1459_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To present clinical profile and risk factors of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) among people with age of onset of diabetes (AOD) <25 versus ≥25 years. Methods: A retrospective chart analysis of consecutive patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) n = 654) treated at 14 eye care centers across India between 2018 and 2019 was performed. Patients were divided into two groups, Group 1: AOD <25 years and Group 2: AOD ≥25 years. DR and diabetic macular edema (DME) were classified using the International Clinical Classification of DR severity scale. STDR included severe nonproliferative DR (NPDR), proliferative DR (PDR), and moderate to severe DME. A multilevel mixed-effects model was used for comparison between two groups: 1) Patients with DR and AOD <25 years and 2) Patients with DR and AOD ≥25 years. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate risk factors between the two groups. Results: A total of 654 patients were included, 161 (307 eyes) in AOD <25 and 493 (927 eyes) in AOD >25 group. There was a higher prevalence of PDR with high-risk characteristics in AOD <25 group (24% vs. 12%) at baseline and 12-month follow-up (25% vs. 6%); P < 0.001. Systolic hypertension and poor glycemic control were risk factors in both groups, with no difference in these modifiable risk factors between groups. Conclusion: People with youth-onset DM are likely to present with severer form of STDR despite similar modifiable risk factors. Therefore, strict control of systolic blood pressure, glycemic status, and regular screening for DR are recommended to reduce the risk of STDR irrespective of the age of onset of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika C Parameswarappa
- Smt Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreo-aRetina Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ramachandran Rajalakshmi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashik Mohamed
- Ophthalmic Biophysics, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sanagavarapu Kavya
- Smt Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreo-aRetina Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | | | | | - Rajiv Raman
- Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T P Vignesh
- Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kim Ramasamy
- Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sheena Mani
- Dr. Tony Fernandez Eye Hospital, Aluva, Kerala, India
| | | | | | | | - Neha Bijlani
- Vision Care And Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Gajendra Chawla
- Vision Care And Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Sen
- Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Umesh C Behera
- Retina Vitreous Service, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; Vision Sciences, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Smt Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreo-aRetina Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Padmaja Kumari Rani
- Smt Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreo-aRetina Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Madhu SV. Youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus—a distinct entity? Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00993-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
9
|
Basch CH, Fera J. Candy, Snack Food, and Soda in the Checkout Lines of Stores Selling Products for Children in New York City. J Community Health 2021; 46:922-926. [PMID: 33710452 PMCID: PMC7970785 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-021-00975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
While genetic and hormonal factors likely play a role in the development of obesity, lifestyle issues such as diet and physical activity are main contributors. Lifestyle issues are largely influenced by environmental factors, which pertain not only to access and availability, but exposure to opportunities for unplanned food and beverage purchases. The purpose of this study was to describe the extent to which candy, snack foods, and sugary beverages are available in checkout lines in a convenience sample retail chain stores in NYC that sell products for children. Non-probability, convenience sampling was used to select a total of 22 stores to visit in person. All stores were visited and the checkout lines were observed, capturing both the checkout style (single lane versus multiple lane; corralled or non-corralled), and the products (if any) being sold. Of the 22 stores surveyed, 17 (77.27%) sold at least one convenience food (candy and snacks), and/or sugary beverages. Among the stores that sell convenience food, nearly all (82.35%) sell candy, 100% of those with no corral-style line and 76.92% of those using a corral-style line. The findings from this study concur with prior research indicating that non-nutritious food items and sugary beverages have a presence at checkout areas of retail stores, thus driving the possibility for impulse buys. Exposure to messaging and ques are potentially influential on public health, and should be a point of reflection in terms of the kinds of policies that can support or hinder public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corey H Basch
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, University Hall 366, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA.
| | - Joseph Fera
- Department of Mathematics, Lehman College, The City University of New York, New York, 10468, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Carino M, Elia Y, Sellers E, Curtis J, McGavock J, Scholey J, Hamilton J, Clarson C, Pinto T, Hadjiyannakis S, Mertens L, Samaan MC, Ho J, Nour M, Panagiotopoulos C, Jetha M, Gabbs M, Mahmud FH, Wicklow B, Dart A. Comparison of Clinical and Social Characteristics of Canadian Youth Living With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Can J Diabetes 2021; 45:428-435. [PMID: 33714663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim in this study was to describe the clinical and social characteristics of 2 Canadian cohorts of adolescents with diabetes. METHODS Participants from the Improving renal Complications in Adolescents with type 2 diabetes through REsearch (iCARE) study (n=322) and the Early Determinants of Cardio-Renal Disease in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes (n=199) study were compared. RESULTS Adolescents were 10 to 18 years of age (mean ± standard deviation: 14.8±2.4 years). The T2DM cohort had a shorter duration of diabetes. Both groups had glycated hemoglobin levels above target. The type 2 diabetes (T2D) cohort was comprised of predominantly Indigenous youth. The type 1 diabetes (T1D) cohort was 58.3% European/Caucasian, with a high proportion (41.7%) of visible minority groups (Afro-Caribbean, Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic). The prevalence of obesity, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, albuminuria and hyperfiltration was higher in the T2D cohort. The T1D cohort was more socially and economically advantaged in all 4 dimensions of health inequality. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in clinical and social characteristics of adolescents with T2D and T1D in Canada. Both have inadequate glycemic control with evidence of onset and progression of diabetes-related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marylin Carino
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yesmino Elia
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Can-SOLVE CKD SPOR Network, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Sellers
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Curtis
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jon McGavock
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - James Scholey
- Can-SOLVE CKD SPOR Network, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jill Hamilton
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheril Clarson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Western Ontario, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa Pinto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Stasia Hadjiyannakis
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luc Mertens
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Constantine Samaan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josephine Ho
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Munier Nour
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Constadina Panagiotopoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary Jetha
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Melissa Gabbs
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Farid H Mahmud
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Can-SOLVE CKD SPOR Network, Canada
| | - Brandy Wicklow
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Can-SOLVE CKD SPOR Network, Canada
| | - Allison Dart
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Can-SOLVE CKD SPOR Network, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|