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Flórez González SJ, Stashenko EE, Ocazionez RE, Vinardell MP, Fuentes JL. In vitro Safety Assessment of Extracts and Compounds From Plants as Sunscreen Ingredients. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:243-252. [PMID: 38183303 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231225661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
This work investigated the safety of extracts obtained from plants growing in Colombia, which have previously shown UV-filter/antigenotoxic properties. The compounds in plant extracts obtained by the supercritical fluid (CO2) extraction method were identified using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Cytotoxicity measured as cytotoxic concentration 50% (CC50) and genotoxicity of the plant extracts and some compounds were studied in human fibroblasts using the trypan blue exclusion assay and the Comet assay, respectively. The extracts from Pipper eriopodon and Salvia aratocensis species and the compound trans-β-caryophyllene were clearly cytotoxic to human fibroblasts. Conversely, Achyrocline satureioides, Chromolaena pellia, and Lippia origanoides extracts were relatively less cytotoxic with CC50 values of 173, 184, and 89 μg/mL, respectively. The C. pellia and L. origanoides extracts produced some degree of DNA breaks at cytotoxic concentrations. The cytotoxicity of the studied compounds was as follows, with lower CC50 values representing the most cytotoxic compounds: resveratrol (91 μM) > pinocembrin (144 μM) > quercetin (222 μM) > titanium dioxide (704 μM). Quercetin was unique among the compounds assayed in being genotoxic to human fibroblasts. Our work indicates that phytochemicals can be cytotoxic and genotoxic, demonstrating the need to establish safe concentrations of these extracts for their potential use in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Juliana Flórez González
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental (LMMA), Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Elena E Stashenko
- Centro de Investigación en Biomoléculas (CIBIMOL), Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
- Centro de Cromatografía y Espectrometría de Masas (CROM-MASS), Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Raquel Elvira Ocazionez
- Centro de Cromatografía y Espectrometría de Masas (CROM-MASS), Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - María Pilar Vinardell
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia y Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Jorge Luis Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental (LMMA), Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
- Centro de Investigación en Biomoléculas (CIBIMOL), Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
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Yadav V, Fuentes JL, Krishnan A, Singh N, Vohora D. Guidance for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring anti-genotoxicity. Life Sci 2024; 337:122341. [PMID: 38101613 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Since DNA damage can occur spontaneously or be produced by the environmental genotoxins in living cells, it is important to investigate compounds that can reverse or protect DNA damage. An appropriate methodology is essential for the responsive identification of protection offered against DNA damage. This review includes information on the current state of knowledge on prokaryotic cell-based assays (SOS chromotest, umu test, vitotox assay) and cytogenetic techniques (micronucleus assay, chromosome aberration test and sister chromatid exchange assay) with an emphasis on the possibility to explore genoprotective compounds. Throughout the last decade, studies have extrapolated the scientific methodologies utilized for genotoxicity to assess genoprotective compounds. Therefore, shortcomings of genotoxicity studies are also mirrored in antigenotoxicity studies. While regulatory authorities around the world (OECD, US-EPA and ICH) continue to update diverse genotoxic assay strategies, there are still no clear guidelines/approaches for efficient experimental design to screen genoprotective compounds. As a consequence, non-synergetic and inconsistent implementation of the test method by the researchers to execute such simulations has been adopted, which inevitably results in unreliable findings. The review has made the first attempt to collect various facets of experimentally verified approaches for evaluating genoprotective compounds, as well as to acknowledge potential significance and constraints, and further focus on the assessment of end points which are required to validate such action. Henceforth, the review makes an incredible commitment by permitting readers to equate several components of their test arrangement with the provided simplified information, allowing the selection of convenient technique for the predefined compound from a central repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Jorge L Fuentes
- School of Biology, Science Faculty, Industrial University of Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neenu Singh
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Divya Vohora
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Nysfungin Production Improvement by UV Mutagenesis in Streptomyces noursei D-3-14. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces noursei D-3-14 was taken as a starting strain and treated with UV (15 W, 30 cm) mutagenesis for 40 s for three consecutive rounds. High yielding strains were screened using chemical and biological potency determination, and the components of the fermentation products were detected using HPLC. Finally, the mutant strain Streptomyces noursei 72-22-1 with a chemical potency of 8912 (U/mL) and a biological potency of 5557 (U/mL) was obtained after the genetic stability evaluation. After optimization of the fermentation conditions, the chemical potency and biological potency of Streptomyces noursei 72-22-1 reached 14,082 U/mL and 10579 U/mL, respectively, which is 1.58 and 1.91 times those before optimization. HPLC analysis indicated that the mutant strain 72-22-1 displayed a higher content of polyfungin B. When equimolar nystatin A1, A3, and polyfungin B were tested for their fungicidal activities towards Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 2061, polyfungin B exhibited a better efficacy than nystatin A1 and A3.
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Pedraza Barrera CA, Fuentes JL. Photoprotective and antigenotoxic properties of Cutibacterium acnes ecotypes native to terrestrial subsurface habitats. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad108. [PMID: 37822017 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinobacteria are known to produce a variety of secondary metabolites with skin-protective properties. This study aimed to investigate the photoprotective and antigenotoxic properties against UVB of extracts obtained from Cutibacterium acnes strains. Bacterial growth was measured spectrophotometrically and the constant maximum growth rate (μ) value to each strain, were calculated. In vitro photoprotection efficacy was evaluated using in vitro indices such as sun protection factor (SPFespectrophotometric) and critical wavelength (λc). UVB-antigenotoxicity was also evaluated using the SOS Chromotest. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between SPFespectrophotometric and extract concentration and the %GI estimates. Among the studied strains, one showed low (6.0 ≤ SPFespectrophotometric ≤ 14.9) and eight showed media (15.0 ≤ SPFespectrophotometric ≤ 29.9) UVB photoprotection efficacy. All of them resulted in broad-spectrum (UVA-UVB) photoprotection (λc > 370 nm). In total, two C. acnes ecotypes with different growth rates were evidenced, but the protective metabolites in the extracts were produced without the influence of growth rate. Photoprotective efficacy depended on the extract concentration and was correlated with antigenotoxicity. We demonstrated that C. acnes extracts can be used as sunscreen ingredients that reduce UVB-induced genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Adolfo Pedraza Barrera
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental (LMMA), Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética (COL0083849), Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS) Calle 9na y carrera 27, Bucaramanga Santander, Colombia
| | - Jorge Luis Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental (LMMA), Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética (COL0083849), Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS) Calle 9na y carrera 27, Bucaramanga Santander, Colombia
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Radice M, Durofil A, Buzzi R, Baldini E, Martínez AP, Scalvenzi L, Manfredini S. Alpha-Phellandrene and Alpha-Phellandrene-Rich Essential Oils: A Systematic Review of Biological Activities, Pharmaceutical and Food Applications. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101602. [PMID: 36295037 PMCID: PMC9605662 DOI: 10.3390/life12101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-phellandrene is a very common cyclic monoterpene found in several EOs, which shows extensive biological activities. Therefore, the main focus of the present systematic review was to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state of the art regarding its biological activities and pharmaceutical and food applications. In addition, the study identified essential oils rich in alpha-phellandrene and summarized their main biological activities as a preliminary screening to encourage subsequent studies on their single components. With this review, we selected and critically analyzed 99 papers, using the following bibliographic databases: PubMed, SciELO, Wiley and WOS, on 8 July 2022. Data were independently extracted by four authors of this work, selecting those studies which reported the keyword "alpha-phellandrene" in the title and/or the abstract, and avoiding those in which there was not a clear correlation between the molecule and its biological activities and/or a specific concentration from its source. Duplication data were removed in the final article. Many essential oils have significant amounts of alpha-phellandrene, and the species Anethum graveolens and Foeniculum vulgare are frequently cited. Some studies on the above-mentioned species show high alpha-phellandrene amounts up to 82.1%. There were 12 studies on alpha-phellandrene as a pure molecule showed promising biological functions, including antitumoral, antinociceptive, larvicidal and insecticidal activities. There were 87 research works on EOs rich in alpha-phellandrene, which were summarized with a focus on additional data concerning potential biological activities. We believe this data is a useful starting point to start new research on the pure molecule, and, in particular, to distinguish between the synergistic effects of the different components of the OEs and those due to alpha-phellandrene itself. Toxicological data are still lacking, requiring further investigation on the threshold values to distinguish the boundary between beneficial and toxic effects, i.e., mutagenic, carcinogenic and allergenic. All these findings offer inspiration for potential applications of alpha-phellandrene as a new biopesticide, antimicrobial and antitumoral agent. In particular, we believe our work is of interest as a starting point for further studies on the food application of alpha-phellandrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Radice
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo 160150, Ecuador
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Durofil
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Baldini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Laura Scalvenzi
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo 160150, Ecuador
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Evaluation of phytochemical profiles and relationships of compounds in Lippia citriodora during multiple growth-exploitation phases. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fuentes JL, Villamizar Mantilla DA, Flores González SJ, Núñez LA, Stashenko EE. Plants growing in Colombia as sources of active ingredients for sunscreens. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:1705-1715. [PMID: 34586950 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1987564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plants can be sources of photoprotective/antigenotoxic compounds that prevent cellular mutations involved in skin cancer and aging by regulating UV-induced mutability. PURPOSE The study was aimed at investigating the sunscreen properties of plants growing in Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultraviolet (UV) radiation-absorption capability of different plant extracts was examined. In vitro photoprotection efficacies were evaluated using in vitro indices such as sun protection factor (SPFin vitro) and critical wavelength (λc). Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between SPFin vitro and complementary UVB- antigenotoxicity estimates (%GI) based on the SOS Chromotest database. The cytotoxicity in human fibroblasts was studied using the trypan blue exclusion assay. Major compounds of promising plant extracts were determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). RESULTS We showed that plant extracts have sunscreen properties against UVB, whereas broad-spectrum radiation protection efficacy was poor. SPFin vitro and %GI were correlated (R = 0.71, p < .0001) for the plant extracts under study. Three extracts obtained from Achyrocline satureioides, Chromolaena pellia, and Lippia origanoides species resulted to possess high protection efficacy and relatively low cytotoxicity in human fibroblasts. These plant extracts contained major compounds such as α-pinene, trans-β-caryophyllene, γ-muurolene, γ-cadinene and caryophyllene oxide in A. Satureioides extract, trans-β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, squalene and α-amyrin in C. pellia extract, and p-cymene, carvacrol, trans-β-caryophyllene and pinocembrin in L. origanoides extract. CONCLUSIONS Plants growing in Colombia contain compounds that can be useful for potential sunscreens. SPFin vitro and %GI estimates were correlated, but %GI estimates were more sensitive to detecting activity at lower plant extract concentrations. Our results supported the need to use DNA damage detection assays as a complement to photoprotection efficacy measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Luis Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental, Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.,Centro de Investigación en Biomoléculas, CIBIMOL, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Diego Armando Villamizar Mantilla
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental, Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Silvia Juliana Flores González
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental, Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Luis Alberto Núñez
- Escuela de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Elena E Stashenko
- Centro de Investigación en Biomoléculas, CIBIMOL, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Huang D, Song Y, Liu Y, Qin Y. A new strain of Aspergillus tubingensis for high-activity pectinase production. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:53-65. [PMID: 30610493 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-018-0032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectinase is a general term for a class of enzymes that decompose pectin. To obtain a fungal strain with high-activity pectinase of potential commercial importance, we screened microorganisms from the soil of vineyards, performed mutation breeding by ultraviolet (UV) and nitrosoguanidine (NTG) mutagenesis, and performed comparisons to commercially available pectinases. We found that the derived pectinase-producing strain Rn14-88A had the highest pectinase activity of 8363.215 U/mL, and identified it using internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis as Aspergillus tubingensis. Rn14-88A was the original strain for UV mutagenesis, from which mutant strain R-7-2-4 had the highest pectinase enzyme activity (9198.68 U/mL), which was a 9.99% increase compared to that of Rn14-88A. Following NTG mutagenesis of R-7-2-4, mutant strain Y1-3-2-6 had a pectinase enzyme activity of 9843.34 U/mL, which reflects a 6.36% increase compared to the pectinase activity of R-7-2-4. Subsequently, another round of NTG mutagenesis was performed on Y1-3-2-6, and the mutagenic strain Y2-6-3-4 exhibited an improved enzyme activity of 21,864.34 U/mL, which was 161.44% higher than that of Rn14-88A. Through liquid fermentation experiments of A. tubingensis Y2-6-3-4, it was determined that pectinase activity was the highest at a fermentation time of 20 h. Therefore, we conclude that A. tubingensis Y2-6-3-4 has potential for use in commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danmei Huang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyang Song
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanlin Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Qin
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China. .,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Bahramsoltani R, Rostamiasrabadi P, Shahpiri Z, Marques AM, Rahimi R, Farzaei MH. Aloysia citrodora Paláu (Lemon verbena): A review of phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 222:34-51. [PMID: 29698776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aloysia citrodora Paláu (Lippia citriodora Kunth), commonly known as "lemon verbena" is a medicinal plant native to South America, North Africa, and South of Europe which is used by native people for several indications such as diarrhea, flatulence, insomnia, and rheumatism. AIM OF THE REVIEW Despite the wide biological activities of lemon verbena, there is no current review summarizing medicinal properties of the plant; thus, this paper aims to discuss current state of the art regarding the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic applications of A. citrodora considering in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Scifinder, Cochrane library, Scopus, and Science direct were searched with the scientific name of the plant and its synonyms, as well as the common name. All studies on the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical application of the plant until October 2017 were included in this review. RESULTS Despite the few number of studies on the ethnopharmacology of the plant, A. citrodora is widely assessed regarding its phytochemistry and biological activities. Neral and geranial are the main ingredients of the essential oil; whereas verbascoside is the most significant component of the extract. Biological activities such as antioxidant, anxiolytic, neuroprotective, anticancer, anesthetic, antimicrobial, and sedative effects are proved in cell cultures, as well as animal studies. CONCLUSIONS Several pharmacological activities have been reported for A. citrodora; however, the plant is not fully assessed regarding its safety and efficacy in human. Future well-designed human studies are essential to confirm the therapeutic benefits of this plant in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Shahpiri
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - André M Marques
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Institute of Technology in Pharmaceuticals (Farmanguinhos), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Yang S, Xing L, Gu L, Cheng H, Feng Y, Zhang Y. Combination of RIZ1 Overexpression and Radiotherapy Contributes to Apoptosis and DNA Damage of HeLa and SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:137-146. [PMID: 29575614 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although radiotherapy has been widely applied to treating cervical cancer in the clinic, its therapeutic efficacy is often restricted to the radioresistance of cancer cells. Retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1 (RIZ1) has been suggested as a tumour suppressor gene, whereas its role in cervical cancer with or without radiotherapy has been unclear. In this study, two cervical cancer cell lines, HeLa and SiHa cells, stably transfected with RIZ1 overexpression plasmid were subjected to ionizing radiation, and their survival fractions were calculated by assessing their clonogenic abilities. Our results showed that the forced overexpression of RIZ1 significantly reduced the clonogenic survival rates of both HeLa and SiHa cells exposed to ionizing radiation. By analysing the cell apoptotic status, we found that the RIZ1-overexpressed cervical cancer cells under ionizing radiation were more vulnerable to damage, and more γ-H2AX foci were found in these cells. Furthermore, the volumes of tumour xenografts formed by the RIZ1-overexpressed cells in nude mice under ionizing radiation were smaller than those generated by the control cells. There were more morphological changes, apoptosis cells and lower expression of PCNA in RIZ1-overexpressed tumour tissues of mice after exposure to ionizing radiation. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the overexpression of RIZ1 combined with radiotherapy facilitates apoptosis and DNA damage of cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yang
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Linan Xing
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Lina Gu
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyan Cheng
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yunyan Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Chemical Composition and Evaluation of the Biological Properties of the Essential Oil of the Dietary Phytochemical Lippia citriodora. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010123. [PMID: 29329229 PMCID: PMC6017519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to characterize the chemical composition and biological properties of the essential oil from the plant Lippia citriodora grown in Greece. The essential oil volatiles were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC-MS indicating citral as the major component. Τhe antimicrobial properties were assayed using the disk diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory and non-inhibitory concentration values were determined. Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus niger were sensitive to Lippia citriodora oil, but not Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas fragi. Adversely, all microbes tested were sensitive to citral. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays were used to assess direct antioxidant activity, which proved to be weak for both agents, while comet assay was utilized to study the cytoprotective effects against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in Jurkat cells. Interestingly, the oil showed a more profound cytoprotective effect compared to citral. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated in a panel of cancer cell lines using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) and 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-S-(phenylamino) carbonyl-2-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) assays and both agents demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity with citral being more cytotoxic than the oil. Taken together, the essential oil of Lippia citriodora and its major component, citral, exert diverse biological properties worthy of further investigation.
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Bacanlı M, Aydın S, Başaran AA, Başaran N. Are all phytochemicals useful in the preventing of DNA damage? Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:210-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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Fuentes JL, García Forero A, Quintero Ruiz N, Prada Medina CA, Rey Castellanos N, Franco Niño DA, Contreras García DA, Córdoba Campo Y, Stashenko EE. The SOS Chromotest applied for screening plant antigenotoxic agents against ultraviolet radiation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:1424-1434. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00024c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We proposed the SOS Chromotest for bioprospecting of plant genoprotective agents against UV-induced genotoxicity. The Colombian flora resulted to be a source of antigenotoxic compounds against UV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental
- Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética
- Escuela de Biología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
- Bucaramanga
| | - A. García Forero
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental
- Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética
- Escuela de Biología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
- Bucaramanga
| | - N. Quintero Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental
- Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética
- Escuela de Biología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
- Bucaramanga
| | - C. A. Prada Medina
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental
- Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética
- Escuela de Biología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
- Bucaramanga
| | - N. Rey Castellanos
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental
- Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética
- Escuela de Biología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
- Bucaramanga
| | - D. A. Franco Niño
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental
- Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética
- Escuela de Biología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
- Bucaramanga
| | - D. A. Contreras García
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental
- Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética
- Escuela de Biología
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)
- Bucaramanga
| | - Y. Córdoba Campo
- Centro de Investigación en Biomoléculas
- CIBIMOL
- Centro de Investigación de Excelencia
- CENIVAM
- UIS
| | - E. E. Stashenko
- Centro de Investigación en Biomoléculas
- CIBIMOL
- Centro de Investigación de Excelencia
- CENIVAM
- UIS
| |
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