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Wang Y, Ge S, Ahammed GJ, Gao H, Shen K, Wang Q, Wang W, Chen S, Li X. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced tolerance to cadmium stress involves increased flavonoid synthesis and nutrient homeostasis in tomato roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108468. [PMID: 38507840 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal, increasingly accumulating in the environment and its presence in various environmental compartments represents a significant risk to human health via the food chain. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) is a prominent secondary metabolite, which can safeguard plants from biotic and abiotic stress. However, the role of EGCG in flavonoid synthesis, nutrient acquisition and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism under Cd stress remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects of EGCG and Cd treatment on leaf photochemical efficiency, cell ultrastructure, essential element acquisition, antioxidant system, and secondary metabolism in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The results showed that O2•-, H2O2, and malondialdehyde levels increased after Cd treatment, but Fv/Fm decreased significantly, suggesting that Cd induced oxidative stress and photoinhibition. However, EGCG mitigated the adverse effects of Cd-induced phytotoxicity in both the roots and leaves. A decrease in ROS accumulation under EGCG + Cd treatment was mainly attributed to the significant enhancement in antioxidant enzyme activity, flavonoid content, and PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE expression in roots. Moreover, EGCG reduced Cd content but increased some essential nutrient contents in tomato plants. Transmission electron microscopy-based observations revealed that EGCG treatment safeguards leaf and root cell ultrastructure under Cd stress. This implies that tomato plants subjected to Cd stress experienced advantageous effects upon receiving EGCG treatment. The present work elucidated critical mechanisms by which EGCG induces tolerance to Cd, thereby providing a basis for future investigations into environmentally sustainable agricultural practices in areas contaminated with heavy metals, for utilizing naturally occurring substances found in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Shibei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China.
| | - Haina Gao
- Ankang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ankang, 725000, PR China
| | - Keyin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Qianying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Shuangchen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China.
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El-Beltagi HS, El-Sayed SM, Abdelhamid AN, Hassan KM, Elshalakany WA, Nossier MI, Alabdallah NM, Al-Harbi NA, Al-Qahtani SM, Darwish DBE, Abbas ZK, Ibrahim HA. Potentiating Biosynthesis of Alkaloids and Polyphenolic Substances in Catharanthus roseus Plant Using ĸ-Carrageenan. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083642. [PMID: 37110876 PMCID: PMC10143362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus is a medicinal plant that produces indole alkaloids, which are utilized in anticancer therapy. Vinblastine and vincristine, two commercially important antineoplastic alkaloids, are mostly found in the leaves of Catharanthus roseus. ĸ-carrageenan has been proven as plant growth promoting substance for a number of medicinal and agricultural plants. Considering the importance of ĸ-carrageenan as a promoter of plant growth and phytochemical constituents, especially alkaloids production in Catharanthus roseus, an experiment was carried out to explore the effect of ĸ-carrageenan on the plant growth, phytochemicals content, pigments content, and production of antitumor alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus after planting. Foliar application of ĸ-carrageenan (at 0, 400, 600 and 800 ppm) significantly improved the performance of Catharanthus roseus. Phytochemical analysis involved determining the amount of total phenolics (TP), flavonoids (F), free amino acids (FAA), alkaloids (TAC) and pigments contents by spectrophotometer, minerals by ICP, amino acids, phenolic compounds and alkaloids (Vincamine, Catharanthine, Vincracine (Vincristine), and vinblastine) analysis uses HPLC. The results indicated that all examined ĸ-carrageenan treatments led to a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in growth parameters compared to the untreated plants. Phytochemical examination indicates that the spray of ĸ-carrageenan at 800 mg L-1 increased the yield of alkaloids (Vincamine, Catharanthine and Vincracine (Vincristine)) by 41.85 μg/g DW, total phenolic compounds by 3948.6 μg gallic/g FW, the content of flavonoids 951.3 μg quercetin /g FW and carotenoids content 32.97 mg/g FW as compared to the control. An amount of 400 ppm ĸ-carrageenan treatment gave the best contents of FAA, Chl a, Chl b and anthocyanin. The element content of K, Ca, Cu, Zn and Se increased by treatments. Amino acids constituents and phenolics compounds contents were altered by ĸ-carrageenan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Salwa M El-Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed N Abdelhamid
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Karim M Hassan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Elshalakany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mona Ibrahim Nossier
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture 11241, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish
- Biology department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
| | - Zahid Khorshid Abbas
- Biology department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hemmat A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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3
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Kiselevsky DB, Samuilova OV, Samuilov VD. Epigallocatechin Gallate: pH-Dependent Redox Properties and Effect on Respiration, Photosynthesis, and Cell Death in Pea Plants. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:211-220. [PMID: 37072325 PMCID: PMC10000359 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
In vitro redox properties of the green tea component epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and its effect on pea plant cells were investigated. EGCG was found to exhibit both pro- and antioxidant properties. In solutions, EGCG was oxidized by oxygen at physiological (slightly alkaline) pH values with the generation of O2-• and H2O2, the reaction being slowed down by a decrease in the medium pH. On the other hand, EGCG functioned as an electron donor for peroxidase, resulting in the H2O2 utilization. EGCG suppressed respiration, reduced mitochondrial transmembrane potential difference and inhibited electron transfer in the photosynthetic electron transport chain in pea leaf cells (leaf cuttings and epidermis). Among components of the photosynthetic redox chain, Photosystem II was the least sensitive to the EGCG action. In the epidermis, EGCG reduced the rate of reactive oxygen species formation that was induced by NADH. EGCG at the concentrations from 10 μM to 1 mM suppressed the KCN-induced death of guard cells in the epidermis, which was determined from the destruction of cell nuclei. EGCG at a concentration of 10 mM disrupted the barrier function of the guard cell plasma membrane, increasing its permeability to propidium iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry B Kiselevsky
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
| | - Olga V Samuilova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vitaly D Samuilov
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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Lobato-Ureche MA, Pérez-Rodriguez MM, Segura D, Monasterio R, Cohen AC. Pseudomonas 42P4 and Cellulosimicrobium 60I1 as a sustainable approach to increase growth, development, and productivity in pepper plants. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1111573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of pepper plants for industrial use is not enough to satisfy the demand of consumers and agrochemicals are frequently used to increase production. In this study four native plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) was tested as an alternative to select the most effective to enhance growth, development, and productivity of pepper plants. Seedlings were inoculated with Pseudomonas 42P4, Cellulosimicrobium 60I1, Ochrobactrum 53F, Enterobacter 64S1 and cultivated on pots in the greenhouse and the morphological, biochemical, and physiological parameters were determined. In addition, the phenolic compound profiles were evaluated. All four strains increased the different parameters evaluated but Pseudomonas 42P4 and Cellulosimicrobium 60I1 were the most effective strains, improving leaf and root dry weight, stem diameter, nitrogen level, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll quantum efficiency, chlorophyll SPAD index, total chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, number of flowers and fruits per plant, and the length, diameter and dry weight of the fruit. Also, these strains modified the phenolic compound profiles, and 18 compounds were quantified. Pseudomonas 42P4 inoculation modified the phenolic compound profile similarly to the Fertilized treatment and induced the synthesis of different endogenous compounds in the flavonoid family, also increasing catechin, naringin, naringenin, myricetin, procyanidin B1, epigallocatechin-gallate, cinnamic, and ferulic acids related to antioxidant activity and catechin, cinnamic, and ferulic acids related to the induced systemic response. Pseudomonas 42P4 can be used as a bioinoculant in pepper plants to enable better agronomic management, decreasing the use of chemical fertilizer to contribute to sustainable agriculture.
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Soares F, Pimentel D, Erban A, Neves C, Reis P, Pereira M, Rego C, Gama-Carvalho M, Kopka J, Fortes AM. Virulence-related metabolism is activated in Botrytis cinerea mostly in the interaction with tolerant green grapes that remain largely unaffected in contrast with susceptible green grapes. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac217. [PMID: 36479580 PMCID: PMC9720446 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is responsible for the gray mold disease, severely affecting Vitis vinifera grapevine and hundreds of other economically important crops. However, many mechanisms of this fruit-pathogen interaction remain unknown. The combined analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of green fruits infected with B. cinerea from susceptible and tolerant genotypes was never performed in any fleshy fruit, mostly because green fruits are widely accepted to be resistant to this fungus. In this work, peppercorn-sized fruits were infected in the field or mock-treated, and berries were collected at green (EL32) stage from a susceptible (Trincadeira) and a tolerant (Syrah) variety. RNAseq and GC-MS data suggested that Syrah exhibited a pre-activated/basal defense relying on specific signaling pathways, hormonal regulation, namely jasmonate and ethylene metabolisms, and linked to phenylpropanoid metabolism. In addition, putative defensive metabolites such as shikimic, ursolic/ oleanolic, and trans-4-hydroxy cinnamic acids, and epigallocatechin were more abundant in Syrah than Trincadeira before infection. On the other hand, Trincadeira underwent relevant metabolic reprogramming upon infection but was unable to contain disease progression. RNA-seq analysis of the fungus in planta revealed an opposite scenario with higher gene expression activity within B. cinerea during infection of the tolerant cultivar and less activity in infected Trincadeira berries. The results suggested an activated virulence state during interaction with the tolerant cultivar without visible disease symptoms. Together, this study brings novel insights related to early infection strategies of B. cinerea and the green berry defense against necrotrophic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Soares
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Pimentel
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexander Erban
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Catarina Neves
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Reis
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Pereira
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cecilia Rego
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gama-Carvalho
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Cheng Y, Li X, Fang MY, Ye QJ, Li ZM, Ahammed GJ. Systemic H 2O 2 signaling mediates epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced cadmium tolerance in tomato. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129511. [PMID: 35809367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd) reduces crop yield and threatens human health via the food chain. The bioactive flavonoid 'Epigallocatechin-3-gallate' (EGCG) affects plant stress response; however, the function of EGCG in Cd tolerance and the molecular pathways remain largely unknown. Here, we revealed that root application of EGCG alleviated Cd stress in tomato plants. While Cd stress decreased Fv/Fm, ФPSII, photosynthetic rate, root growth, root vitality and biomass accumulation by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and lipid peroxidation, exogenous EGCG minimized excessive ROS accumulation and oxidative stress by promoting the activity of antioxidant enzymes and redox poise in roots and leaves. Moreover, EGCG induced the transcript of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG1 (RBOH1) and decreased Cd content and photoinhibition in leaves. Interestingly, similar to EGCG, exogenous H2O2 application also enhanced Cd tolerance; however, the application of an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), aggravated Cd phytotoxicity and attenuated the beneficial effects of EGCG on plant tolerance to Cd stress, suggesting that root applied EGCG-induced expression of RBOH1 and associated H2O2 signaling mediate the EGCG-induced enhanced Cd tolerance. This work elucidates a fundamental mechanism behind EGCG-mediated Cd tolerance and contributes to our existing knowledge of stress resistance properties of EGCG in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, PR China
| | - Ming-Ya Fang
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321017, PR China
| | - Qing-Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Zhi-Miao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Stress Resistance Regulation and Safe Production of Protected Vegetables.
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Yin W, Wang X, Liu H, Wang Y, van Nocker S, Tu M, Fang J, Guo J, Li Z, Wang X. Overexpression of VqWRKY31 enhances powdery mildew resistance in grapevine by promoting salicylic acid signaling and specific metabolite synthesis. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab064. [PMID: 35043152 PMCID: PMC8944305 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM), caused by the fungal pathogen Erysiphe necator, is one of the most destructive diseases of grapevine (Vitis vinifera and other Vitis spp). Resistance to PM is an important goal for cultivar improvement, and understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms conditioning resistance is critical. Here, we report that transgenic expression of the WRKY transcription factor gene VqWRKY31 from the PM-resistant species Vitis quinquangularis conferred resistance to powdery mildew in V. vinifera through promoting salicylic acid signaling and specific metabolite synthesis. VqWRKY31 belongs to the WRKY IIb subfamily, and expression of the VqWRKY31 gene was induced in response to E. necator inoculation. Transgenic V. vinifera plants expressing VqWRKY31 were substantially less susceptible to E. necator infection, and this was associated with increased levels of salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species. Correlation analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed that VqWRKY31 promoted expression of genes in metabolic pathways and the accumulation of many disease resistance-related metabolites, including stilbenes, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins. In addition, results indicated that VqWRKY31 can directly bind to the promoters of two structural genes in stilbene synthesis, STS9 and STS48, and activate their expression. Based on our results, we propose a model where VqWRKY31 enhances grapevine PM resistance through activation of salicylic acid defense signaling and promotion of specific disease resistance-related metabolite synthesis. These findings can be directly exploited for molecular breeding strategies to produce PM-resistant grapevine germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuchen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xianhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Steve van Nocker
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Mingxing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jinghao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Junqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Chai N, Xu J, Zuo R, Sun Z, Cheng Y, Sui S, Li M, Liu D. Metabolic and Transcriptomic Profiling of Lilium Leaves Infected With Botrytis elliptica Reveals Different Stages of Plant Defense Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:730620. [PMID: 34630478 PMCID: PMC8493297 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.730620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis elliptica, the causal agent of gray mold disease, poses a major threat to commercial Lilium production, limiting its ornamental value and yield. The molecular and metabolic regulation mechanisms of Lilium's defense response to B. elliptica infection have not been completely elucidated. Here, we performed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of B. elliptica resistant Lilium oriental hybrid "Sorbonne" to understand the molecular basis of gray mold disease resistance in gray mold disease. A total of 115 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were detected by comparing the different temporal stages of pathogen infection. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and DAMs were enriched in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways at all stages of infection, demonstrating the prominence of these pathways in the defense response of "Sorbonne" to B. elliptica. Network analysis revealed high interconnectivity of the induced defense response. Furthermore, time-course analysis of the transcriptome and a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) led to the identification of a number of hub genes at different stages, revealing that jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), brassinolide (BR), and calcium ions (Ca2+) play a crucial role in the response of "Sorbonne" to fungal infection. Our work provides a comprehensive perspective on the defense response of Lilium to B. elliptica infection, along with a potential transcriptional regulatory network underlying the defense response, thereby offering gene candidates for resistance breeding and metabolic engineering of Lilium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chai
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rumeng Zuo
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengqiong Sun
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shunzhao Sui
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyang Li
| | - Daofeng Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Daofeng Liu
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9
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Samarina L, Matskiv A, Simonyan T, Koninskaya N, Malyarovskaya V, Gvasaliya M, Malyukova L, Tsaturyan G, Mytdyeva A, Martinez-Montero ME, Choudhary R, Ryndin A. Biochemical and Genetic Responses of Tea ( Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Microplants under Mannitol-Induced Osmotic Stress In Vitro. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121795. [PMID: 33348920 PMCID: PMC7766420 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osmotic stress is a major factor reducing the growth and yield of many horticultural crops worldwide. To reveal reliable markers of tolerant genotypes, we need a comprehensive understanding of the responsive mechanisms in crops. In vitro stress induction can be an efficient tool to study the mechanisms of responses in plants to help gain a better understanding of the physiological and genetic responses of plant tissues against each stress factor. In the present study, the osmotic stress was induced by addition of mannitol into the culture media to reveal biochemical and genetic responses of tea microplants. The contents of proline, threonine, epigallocatechin, and epigallocatechin gallate were increased in leaves during mannitol treatment. The expression level of several genes, namely DHN2, LOX1, LOX6, BAM, SUS1, TPS11, RS1, RS2, and SnRK1.3, was elevated by 2–10 times under mannitol-induced osmotic stress, while the expression of many other stress-related genes was not changed significantly. Surprisingly, down-regulation of the following genes, viz. bHLH12, bHLH7, bHLH21, bHLH43, CBF1, WRKY2, SWEET1, SWEET2, SWEET3, INV5, and LOX7, was observed. During this study, two major groups of highly correlated genes were observed. The first group included seven genes, namely CBF1, DHN3, HXK2,SnRK1.1, SPS, SWEET3, and SWEET1. The second group comprised eight genes, viz. DHN2, SnRK1.3, HXK3, RS1, RS2,LOX6, SUS4, and BAM5. A high level of correlation indicates the high strength connection of the genes which can be co-expressed or can be linked to the joint regulons. The present study demonstrates that tea plants develop several adaptations to cope under osmotic stress in vitro; however, some important stress-related genes were silent or downregulated in microplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiia Samarina
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +79-66-7709038
| | - Alexandra Matskiv
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Taisiya Simonyan
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Natalia Koninskaya
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Valentina Malyarovskaya
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Maya Gvasaliya
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Lyudmila Malyukova
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Gregory Tsaturyan
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Alfiya Mytdyeva
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Marcos Edel Martinez-Montero
- Department of Plant Breeding and Plant Conservation, Bioplantas Center, University of Ciego de Avila, Ciego de Avila 65200, Cuba;
| | - Ravish Choudhary
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Alexey Ryndin
- Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sochi 354002, Russia; (A.M.); (T.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.); (M.G.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (A.M.); (A.R.)
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10
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Drapal M, Ovalle Rivera TM, Becerra Lopez-Lavalle LA, Fraser PD. Exploring the chemotypes underlying important agronomic and consumer traits in cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 251:153206. [PMID: 32512382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A broad diversity of phenotypes are available within the cassava germplasm collections. The phenotypes include improved nutritional, starch or culinary root quality as well as abiotic and biotic resistance properties. Some of these traits can be found naturally occurring in cassava landraces, whereas others are the result of targeted breeding efforts. For future breeding programmes it is important to know the underlying mechanisms of these desirable traits. Metabolomics can assist in the elucidation of these mechanisms by measuring the end products of the cellular processes conferring the traits of interest. The present study focused on the comparison of two or more variants of the same trait such as high and low culinary quality or resistance and susceptibility to thrips. Overall, eight different traits were assessed. Results showed that amino acids and umami compounds were associated with superior culinary attributes and the phenylpropanoid superpathway plays an important role in pest resistance. Furthermore, the data highlighted a low chemodiversity in African cassavas and that the source-sink relation was still active at the harvest stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Drapal
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | | | | | - Paul D Fraser
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK.
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11
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Kim YJ, Jeong HY, Kang SY, Silva J, Kim EJ, Park SK, Jung KH, Lee C. Physiological Importance of Pectin Modifying Genes During Rice Pollen Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4840. [PMID: 32650624 PMCID: PMC7402328 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cell wall dynamics, particularly modification of homogalacturonan (HGA, a major component of pectin) during pollen tube growth, have been extensively studied in dicot plants, little is known about how modification of the pollen tube cell wall regulates growth in monocot plants. In this study, we assessed the role of HGA modification during elongation of the rice pollen tube by adding a pectin methylesterase (PME) enzyme or a PME-inhibiting catechin extract (Polyphenon 60) to in vitro germination medium. Both treatments led to a severe decrease in the pollen germination rate and elongation. Furthermore, using monoclonal antibodies toward methyl-esterified and de-esterified HGA epitopes, it was found that exogenous treatment of PME and Polyphenon 60 resulted in the disruption of the distribution patterns of low- and high-methylesterified pectins upon pollen germination and during pollen tube elongation. Eleven PMEs and 13 PME inhibitors (PMEIs) were identified by publicly available transcriptome datasets and their specific expression was validated by qRT-PCR. Enzyme activity assays and subcellular localization using a heterologous expression system in tobacco leaves demonstrated that some of the pollen-specific PMEs and PMEIs possessed distinct enzymatic activities and targeted either the cell wall or other compartments. Taken together, our findings are the first line of evidence showing the essentiality of HGA methyl-esterification status during the germination and elongation of pollen tubes in rice, which is primarily governed by the fine-tuning of PME and PMEI activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.S.); (E.-J.K.)
| | - Ho Young Jeong
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
| | - Seung-Yeon Kang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.S.); (E.-J.K.)
| | - Jeniffer Silva
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.S.); (E.-J.K.)
| | - Eui-Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.S.); (E.-J.K.)
| | - Soon Ki Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (S.-Y.K.); (J.S.); (E.-J.K.)
| | - Chanhui Lee
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
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12
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Corso M, Perreau F, Mouille G, Lepiniec L. Specialized phenolic compounds in seeds: structures, functions, and regulations. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110471. [PMID: 32540001 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a huge diversity of specialized metabolites (SM) throughout their life cycle that play important physiological and ecological functions. SM can protect plants and seeds against diseases, predators, and abiotic stresses, or support their interactions with beneficial or symbiotic organisms. They also have strong impacts on human nutrition and health. Despite this importance, the biosynthesis and biological functions of most of the SM remain elusive and their diversity and/or quantity have been reduced in most crops during domestication. Seeds present a large number of SM that are important for their physiological, agronomic, nutritional or industrial qualities and hence, provide interesting models for both studying biosynthesis and producing large amounts of specialized metabolites. For instance, phenolics are abundant and widely distributed in seeds. More specifically, flavonoid pathway has been instrumental for understanding environmental or developmental regulations of specialized metabolic pathways, at the molecular and cellular levels. Here, we summarize current knowledge on seed phenolics as model, and discuss how recent progresses in omics approaches could help to further characterize their diversity, regulations, and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Corso
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France.
| | - François Perreau
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Grégory Mouille
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Loïc Lepiniec
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78000, Versailles, France
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13
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Zhang XN, Liao YWK, Wang XR, Zhang L, Ahammed GJ, Li QY, Li X. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate enhances tomato resistance to tobacco mosaic virus by modulating RBOH1-dependent H 2O 2 signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 150:263-269. [PMID: 32171165 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most damaging plant viruses from an economic and research point of view. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), a flavonoid type secondary metabolite can selectively improve plant defense against pathogens; however, the effect of EGCG on plant defense against TMV and the underlying mechanism(s) remain elusive. In this study, exogenous EGCG application increased plant resistance to TMV as revealed by significantly decreased transcript levels of TMV-coat protein (CP) in tomato leaves. A time-course of H2O2 concentrations in tomato leaves showed that TMV inoculation rapidly increased the H2O2 accumulation, reaching its peak at 3 days post-inoculation (dpi) which remained the highest until 6 dpi. However, the combined treatment of EGCG and TMV remarkably decreased the concentrations of H2O2 at 3 and 6 dpi. Meanwhile, the transcript levels of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG 1 (SlRBOH1) were significantly increased by either EGCG or TMV inoculation, but the EGCG treatment along with TMV caused a further upregulation in the SlRBOH1 transcripts compared with that in only TMV-inoculated plants. Chemical scavenging of H2O2 or silencing SlRBOH1 both compromised the EGCG-induced enhanced resistance to TMV. Furthermore, EGCG-induced elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes was abolished by SlRBOH1 silencing, suggesting that EGCG enhanced defense against TMV by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity via RBOH1-dependent H2O2 signaling. Taken together, our results suggest that EGCG functioned to maintain a delicate balance between ROS signaling and ROS scavenging via RBOH1, which enhanced tomato resistance to TMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ning Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Yang-Wen-Ke Liao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Xiao-Rong Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou, 075000, PR China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China.
| | - Qing-Yun Li
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, PR China.
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China.
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14
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Magnus S, Gazdik F, Anjum NA, Kadlecova E, Lackova Z, Cernei N, Brtnicky M, Kynicky J, Klejdus B, Necas T, Zitka O. Assessment of Antioxidants in Selected Plant Rootstocks. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E209. [PMID: 32138258 PMCID: PMC7139285 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The service tree (Sorbus domestica) is a wild fruit tree with immense medicinal and industrial value. This study aimed at determining the four major groups of antioxidants (flavonoids, phenolic acids and aldehydes, catechin and procyanidin) in rootstocks of Crataegus laevigata (genotypes O-LE-14 and O-LE-21), Aronia melanocarpa (genotypes O-LE-14 and O-LE-21), Chaenomeles japonica (genotype O-LE-9) and Cydonia oblonga (BA 29) (genotypes O-LE-14 and O-LE-21). Hyperoside (Quercetin 3-D-galactoside) was the most abundant flavonoid compound, since its average content in the rootstocks of Crataegus laevigata (O-LE-21) was 180.68 ± 0.04 μg·g-1. Dihydrokaempherol was the least frequently found flavonoid compound, with an average concentration of 0.43 ± 0.01 μg·g-1 in all the rootstocks of plants considered in this study. Among the phenolic compounds, the most represented one was protocatechuic acid, with 955.92 ± 10.25 μg·g-1 in the rootstocks of Aronia melanocarpa (O-LE-14). On the other hand, the least represented p-Coumaric acid exhibited the average concentration of 0.34 ± 0.01 μg·g-1 in the plant rootstocks. Epicatechin was the most abundant catechin compound, with a content of 3196.37 ± 50.10 μg·g-1 in the rootstocks of Aronia melanocarpa (O-LE-14). The lowest represented catechin compound was epigallocatechin, with the average concentration of 0.95 ± 0.08 μg·g-1 in the screened plant rootstocks. From the procyanidin compounds, the most abundant one was procyanidin b2 in the rootstocks of Crataegus laevigata (O-LE-14), with a concentration of 5550.40 ± 99.56 μg·g-1. On the contrary, procyanidin a2, with an average concentration of 40.35 ± 1.61 μg·g-1, represented the least frequent procyanidin compound in all the plant rootstocks screened herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Magnus
- Department of Fruit Science, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 337, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic; (S.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Filip Gazdik
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic; (F.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Naser A. Anjum
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, U.P., India
| | - Eliska Kadlecova
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic; (F.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Zuzana Lackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (N.C.); (B.K.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Cernei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (N.C.); (B.K.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Brtnicky
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Mendel University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Purkynova 118, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindrich Kynicky
- BIC Brno, Technology Innovation Transfer Chamber, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Borivoj Klejdus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (N.C.); (B.K.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Necas
- Department of Fruit Science, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 337, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic; (S.M.); (T.N.)
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (N.C.); (B.K.)
- Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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Wang YC, Qian WJ, Li NN, Hao XY, Wang L, Xiao B, Wang XC, Yang YJ. Metabolic Changes of Caffeine in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) as Defense Response to Colletotrichum fructicola. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6685-93. [PMID: 27541180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most economically valuable crops in the world. Anthracnose can affect the growth of leaves and cause serious yield losses of tea. Tea plants are rich in secondary metabolites; however, their roles in resistance to anthracnose are unclear. Herein we compared the contents of total phenolics, catechins, and caffeine in two cultivars with different resistances to anthracnose during Colletotrichum fructicola infection. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), (+)-catechin (C), caffeine, and critical regulatory genes were induced in C. fructicola-resistant tissues. In vitro antifungal tests showed that caffeine more strongly inhibited mycelial growth than tea polyphenols and catechins. Both electron microscopy and bioactivity analysis results showed that caffeine can affect mycelial cell walls and plasma membranes. Through promoter sequences analysis, a number of stress response-related cis-acting elements were identified in S-adenosylmethionine synthetase and tea caffeine synthase. These results demonstrated that (-)-EGCG, (+)-C, and caffeine may be involved in the resistance of tea plants to anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jun Qian
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Na-Na Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yuan Hao
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Chao Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Improvement/Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture , Hangzhou 310008, People's Republic of China
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