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Harrel SK, Cobb CM. Calculus: A risk factor for failed periodontal therapy. J Am Dent Assoc 2024; 155:470-472. [PMID: 37656081 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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2
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Tang L, Chen K. Association Between Periodontitis and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00137-0. [PMID: 38797633 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This Mendelian randomisation (MR) study endeavoured to delineate the causal relationship between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), encompassing low birthweight (LBW), pre-term birth (PTB), stillbirth, miscarriage, and gestational hypertension (GH). METHODS Utilising genetic instruments for periodontitis (acute and chronic periodontitis) from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) database among individuals of European descent, this study explored the causal relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and vice versa. The Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analytical approach to assess causality, with MR-Egger serving as a sensitivity analysis method. RESULTS The primary analytical method employed in this study, IVW, did not reveal any impact of periodontitis (acute and chronic periodontitis) on PTB, stillbirth, miscarriage, and gestational hypertension, and vice versa. Heterogeneity testing using the MR-Egger method confirmed the null causal hypothesis, with odds ratios (OR) approximating 1, and P-values exceeding 0.05. Notably, the results from the IVW analysis (OR 1.410, CI 1.039-1.915, P-value 0.028) indicate statistically significant evidence supporting a causal relationship between chronic periodontitis and LBW. However, caution is advised in interpreting the causal relationship, considering the non-significant P-values obtained from other methods. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this MR study, the findings do not support the influence of periodontitis on LBW, PTB, stillbirth, miscarriage, and GH, nor vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Tang
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kun Chen
- College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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3
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Bencze B, Cavalcante BGN, Romandini M, Róna V, Váncsa S, Varga G, Kivovics M, Szabó B, Agócs G, Géczi Z, Hermann P, Hegyi P, Végh D. Prediabetes and poorly controlled type-2 diabetes as risk indicators for peri-implant diseases:A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent 2024; 146:105094. [PMID: 38788918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study answers the PECO question: "In adults with dental implants (P), do subjects suffering from type-2 diabetes or prediabetes (E) have worse peri-implant conditions (O) than subjects without type-2 diabetes and prediabetes (C)?". Prediabetes (5.7-6.4 % HbA1c), and the different qualities of glycemic control in type-2 diabetes; well-controlled (>8 % HbA1c), and poorly controlled (>8 % HbA1c) individuals; were classified according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association. DATA Predefined search keys were used with search terms including: Dental implant, diabetes mellitus, glycemic control and HbA1c. SOURCES An electronic search in the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane libraries were conducted without any filters or language restrictions. Additionally, manual search of the reference lists were carried out to identify all relevant articles. STUDY SELECTION Eligibility criteria were cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies that answerd our PECO question with at least 1 year of follow-up. From a total of 2660 records, 35 articles (1761 individuals) were included in the analysis. Meta-analytic difference in means for crestal bone loss was 1.2 mm [95 % CI=0.4; 2.1] in patients with prediabetes, 1.8 mm [CI=1.0; 2.7] in poorly controlled patients, whereas 0.4 mm [CI=-0.3; 1.1] in well-controlled individuals. Meta-regression showed that 1 % increase in HbA1c increased crestal bone loss by 0.24 mm. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the study, patients with poorly controlled type-2 diabetes or prediabetes may have worse peri-implant conditions compared to patients without diabetes and well-controlled type-2 diabetes. Well-controlled type-2 diabetes is not a risk indicator for peri-implant diseases. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Clinicians should measure blood HbA1c levels when planning implant-supported restorations, thus patients with undiagnosed or poorly controlled type-2 diabetes can be identified, that allows for glycemic level adjustment prior to dental implant surgery, ensuring peri-implant health. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION NUMBER: (CRD42022375263).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulcsú Bencze
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Virág Róna
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Váncsa
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton Kivovics
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Community Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szabó
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Agócs
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Géczi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hermann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Medical School, Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dániel Végh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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4
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Zhang L, Gao Y, Wang Z, Qi Y, Li L, Wang T, Li D, Wang C. Erythrocyte-Like Mesoporous PDA@CeO 2 Nanozyme with Dual Drugs for Periodontitis Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2851-2861. [PMID: 38587870 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic oral inflammatory disease with the characteristic of excess oxidative stress in the inflammatory site, dramatically decreasing the quality of life. Studies show that nanozymes can be ideal candidates for ROS scavenging in periodontitis. Here, we design a multipath anti-inflammatory mesoporous polydopamine@cerium oxide nanobowl (mPDA@CeO2 NB) with multienzyme mimicking properties, which combines the advantages of both CeO2 NP and mPDA NB for synergistically eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydroxyl radical (•OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide (O2•-). Besides, the erythrocyte-like structure of mNBs makes them a facility for cell uptake, and the mesopores can load both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs for combined anti-inflammatory therapy. In vitro and in vivo experiments prove that the combination of CeO2 and mPDA can synergistically achieve multiple complementary ROS eliminations and suppression of ROS-induced inflammation. Moreover, the ROS regulation plus anti-inflammatory drugs in one mPDA@CeO2 NB prevents the progression of periodontitis in a mouse model. Therefore, the design of mPDA@CeO2 NB with these excellent properties provides a therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Stomatology, No. 964 Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- Chongqing Research Institute, No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing City 401135, China
| | - Daowei Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Chungang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
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5
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Ma L, Cao Z. Periodontopathogen-Related Cell Autophagy-A Double-Edged Sword. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02049-8. [PMID: 38762837 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The periodontium is a highly organized ecosystem, and the imbalance between oral microorganisms and host defense leads to periodontal diseases. The periodontal pathogens, mainly Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, colonize the periodontal niches or enter the blood circulation, resulting in periodontal tissue destruction and distal organ damage. This phenomenon links periodontitis with various systemic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, malignant tumors, steatohepatitis, and Alzheimer's disease. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular self-degradation process essential for eliminating internalized pathogens. Nowadays, increasing studies have been carried out in cells derived from periodontal tissues, immune system, and distant organs to investigate the relationship between periodontal pathogen infection and autophagy-related activities. On one hand, as a vital part of innate and adaptive immunity, autophagy actively participates in host resistance to periodontal bacterial infection. On the other, certain periodontal pathogens exploit autophagic vesicles or pathways to evade immune surveillance, therefore achieving survival within host cells. This review provides an overview of the autophagy process and focuses on periodontopathogen-related autophagy and their involvements in cells of different tissue origins, so as to comprehensively understand the role of autophagy in the occurrence and development of periodontal diseases and various periodontitis-associated systemic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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6
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Yang Y, Xu C, Xu S, Li Y, Chen K, Yang T, Bao J, Xu Y, Chen J, Mao C, Chen L, Sun W. Injectable hydrogels activated with copper sulfide nanoparticles for enhancing spatiotemporal sterilization and osteogenesis in periodontal therapy. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 38711336 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm02134c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Developing biomaterials capable of promoting bone regeneration in bacteria-infected sites is of utmost urgency for periodontal disease therapies. Here we produce a hybrid hydrogel by integrating CuS nanoparticles (CuSNPs), which could kill bacteria through photothermal therapy (PTT) triggered by a near infrared (NIR) light, and a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, which is injectable and biocompatible. Specifically, CuSNPs were precipitated by chitosan (CS) firstly, then grafted with methacrylic anhydride (MA) to form CuSNP@CS-MA, which was photo-crosslinked with GelMA to synthesize hybrid hydrogels (GelMA/CuSNP). The hybrid hydrogels exhibited a broad-spectrum antibacterial property that could be spatiotemprorally manipulated through applying a NIR light. Their mechanical properties were adjustable by controlling the concentration of CuSNPs, enabling the hydrogels to become more adapted to the oral diseases. Meanwhile, the hybrid hydrogels showed good cytocompatibility in vitro and improved hemostasis in vivo. Moreover, they accelerated alveolar osteogenesis and vascular genesis, successfully treating periodontis in four weeks in a rat model. GelMA/CuSNP hydrogels showed a broad-spectrum sterilization ability via PTT in vitro and outstanding antibacterial property in vivo, suggesting that the hybrid hydrogels could function in the challenging, bacteria-rich, oral environment. Such injectable hybrid hydrogels, capable of achieving both facilitated osteogenesis and NIR-inducible sterilization, represent a new biomaterial for treating periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
| | - Chunbin Xu
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
| | - Shengqian Xu
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
| | - Ke'er Chen
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Jiaqi Bao
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
| | - Yajing Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Facility for Histomorphology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
| | - Weilian Sun
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China.
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7
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Saleh MHA, Dias DR, Mandil O, Oliveira RPD, Alrmali A, Araújo MG, Wang HL, Barath Z, Urban IA. Influence of residual pockets on periodontal tooth loss: A retrospective analysis. J Periodontol 2024; 95:444-455. [PMID: 38112067 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals enrolled in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) can still present with tooth loss due to periodontitis (TLP). There is limited evidence on the influence of residual pockets (RPc) and a defined "threshold" at which a patient's profile is set to be at high risk for TLP in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the influence of RPc on TLP and determine the prognostic performance of RPc compared to the staging and grading of periodontitis on TLP risk. METHODS Clinical data from 168 patients (3869 teeth) treated for periodontitis and receiving SPT for at least 10 years were evaluated in this retrospective study. TLP and the percentage of sites with RPc ≥ 5 mm or ≥6 mm per patient were collected. The prognostic performance of RPc was compared to the staging and grading of the disease on TLP using a multilevel Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 25 years, 13.7% of teeth were lost, 4.6% of which were due to periodontitis. Most patients with TLP had ≥1 site with RPc ≥5 mm (90.8%) or ≥6 mm (77.6%). Multivariate multilevel Cox regression revealed that patients with >15% of sites with RPc ≥5 mm had a hazard ratio of 2.34, and grade C had a hazard ratio of 4.6 for TLP compared to RPc ≤4 mm/grade A. Grading exhibited the best discrimination and model fit. CONCLUSION Patients with RPc ≥5 mm at >15% of the sites are at risk for tooth loss. Grading and RPc ≥5 mm displayed very good predictive capability of TLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad H A Saleh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Debora R Dias
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Obada Mandil
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Abdusalam Alrmali
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maurício G Araújo
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zoltan Barath
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Istvan A Urban
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection Control and Immunity, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Urban Regeneration Institute, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Putrino A, Marinelli E, Galeotti A, Ferrazzano GF, Ciribè M, Zaami S. A Journey into the Evolution of Human Host-Oral Microbiome Relationship through Ancient Dental Calculus: A Scoping Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:902. [PMID: 38792733 PMCID: PMC11123932 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the most promising areas of research in palaeomicrobiology is the study of the human microbiome. In particular, ancient dental calculus helps to reconstruct a substantial share of oral microbiome composition by mapping together human evolution with its state of health/oral disease. This review aims to trace microbial characteristics in ancient dental calculus to describe the evolution of the human host-oral microbiome relationship in oral health or disease in children and adults. Following the PRISMA-Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, the main scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Cochrane Library) have been drawn upon. Eligibility criteria were established, and all the data collected on a purpose-oriented collection form were analysed descriptively. From the initial 340 records, only 19 studies were deemed comprehensive enough for the purpose of this review. The knowledge of the composition of ancient oral microbiomes has broadened over the past few years thanks to increasingly well-performing decontamination protocols and additional analytical avenues. Above all, metagenomic sequencing, also implemented by state-of-the-art bioinformatics tools, allows for the determination of the qualitative-quantitative composition of microbial species associated with health status and caries/periodontal disease. Some microbial species, especially periodontal pathogens, do not appear to have changed in history, while others that support caries disease or oral health could be connected to human evolution through lifestyle and environmental contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Putrino
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Enrico Marinelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Angela Galeotti
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (M.C.)
- U.N.-E.U. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT ON HUMAN HEALTH-ORAL HEALTH SECTION, 1200 Géneve, Switzerland;
| | - Gianmaria Fabrizio Ferrazzano
- U.N.-E.U. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT ON HUMAN HEALTH-ORAL HEALTH SECTION, 1200 Géneve, Switzerland;
- UNESCO Chair in Health Education and Sustainable Development, Dentistry Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- East-Asian-Pacific International Academic Consortium
| | - Massimiliano Ciribè
- Dentistry Unit, Management Innovations, Diagnostics and Clinical Pathways, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Simona Zaami
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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Angelov N, Soldatos N, Ioannidou E, Carter TC, Shimpi N, Applegate J, Kookal KK, Parsegian K. A retrospective analysis of the role of age and sex in outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy at a single academic dental center. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9504. [PMID: 38664463 PMCID: PMC11045861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the role of age and sex in the outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). De-identified demographic and periodontal characteristics of patients who presented for baseline periodontal evaluation, NSPT, and periodontal re-evaluation were abstracted from electronic health records. Independent associations of age and sex with severe periodontitis defined as ≥ 5 mm clinical attachment loss (CAL) and ≥ 6 mm probing depth (PD) were determined using multinomial logistic regression. The null hypothesis was rejected at α < 0.05. A total of 2866 eligible subjects were included in the analysis. Significantly lower odds of CAL ≤ 4 mm than CAL ≥ 5 mm (reference) were observed in adults aged 35-64 (odds ratio, OR, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.13, 0.29) and ≥ 65 years (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.07, 0.25) compared to those aged 18-34 years. Odds of PD < 4 mm versus PD ≥ 6 mm (reference) were lower in adults aged 35-64 years than those aged 18-34 years (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.55, 0.90) and higher in females compared to males (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.14, 2.44). These results suggest more compromised post-NSPT outcomes in older adults and males compared to the respective populations and highlight the need for personalized therapeutic strategies in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Angelov
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nikolaos Soldatos
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Effie Ioannidou
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tonia C Carter
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Neel Shimpi
- Center for Dental Benefits, Coding and Quality, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Applegate
- Biomedical Informatics Group-Analytics Research Center, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Krishna Kumar Kookal
- Technology Services and Informatics, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, USA
| | - Karo Parsegian
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Surgical Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13065 E 17th Ave, Rm 130J, Mail Stop F847, Aurora, CO, 80045-2532, USA.
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10
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Song WP, Bo XW, Dou HX, Fan Q, Wang H. Association between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28325. [PMID: 38571655 PMCID: PMC10988017 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease are both prevalent diseases worldwide and cause patients physical and mental suffering and a global burden. Recent studies have suggested a link between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease, but there is less research in this field from the perspective of bibliometrics. Objective This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the literature on periodontal disease and coronary heart disease to summarize intellectual bases, research hotspots, and emerging trends and pave the way for future research. Methods The Science Citation Index Expanded database was used to retrieve study records on periodontal disease and coronary heart disease from 1993 to 2022. After manual screening, the data were used for cooperative network analysis (including countries/regions, institutions and authors), keyword analysis, and reference co-citation analysis by CiteSpace software. Microsoft Excel 2019 was applied for curve fitting of annual trend in publications and citations. Results A total of 580 studies were included in the analysis. The number of publications and citations in this field has shown an upward trend over the past 30 years. There was less direct collaboration among authors and institutions in this field but closer collaboration between countries. The United States was the country with the most published articles in this field (169/580, 29.14%). Based on the results of keyword analysis and literature co-citation analysis, C-reactive protein, oral flora, atherosclerosis, infection, and inflammation were previous research hotspots, while global burden and cardiovascular outcomes were considered emerging trends in this field. Conclusion Studies on periodontal disease and coronary heart disease, which have attracted the attention of an increasing number of researchers, have been successfully analyzed using bibliometrics and visualization techniques. This paper will help scholars better understand the dynamic evolution of periodontal disease and coronary heart disease and point out the direction for future research. Clinical significance This paper presents an overview between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease. Further exploration of the two diseases themselves and the potential causal relationship between the two is necessary and relevant, which may impact basic research, diagnosis, and treatment related to both diseases. This will aid the work of researchers and specialist doctors, and ultimately benefit patients with both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-peng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiao-wen Bo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-xin Dou
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qian Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
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11
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Zhao D, Li MH, Pan T, Guo J, Li J, Shi C, Wang N, Huang H, Wang C, Yang G. Preventive and Therapeutic Potential of Streptococcus cristatus CA119 in Experimental Periodontitis in Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10254-y. [PMID: 38607584 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the oral cavity caused by a mixed infection of various bacteria, which not only severely affects the alveolar bone and connective tissues but also displays potential correlations with distal intestinal inflammation. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the therapeutic effects of Streptococcus cristatus CA119 on experimental periodontitis in rats and its impact on intestinal morphology. The results demonstrate that CA119 is capable of colonizing the oral cavity and exerting antagonistic effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, thus leading to a significant reduction in the oral pathogen load. Following CA119 intervention, there was a significant alleviation of weight loss in rats induced by periodontitis (P < 0.001). CA119 also regulated the expression of IL-6 (P < 0.05), IL-1β (P < 0.001), IL-18 (P < 0.001), COX-2 (P < 0.001), iNOS (P < 0.001), and MCP-1 (P < 0.01) in the gingival tissue. Additionally, CA119 reduced oxidative stress levels in rats and enhanced their antioxidant capacity. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis revealed that CA119 significantly reduced alveolar bone loss and reversed the downregulation of OPG/RANKL (P < 0.001). Furthermore, CA119 exhibited a significant protective effect against intestinal inflammation induced by periodontal disease and improved the colonic morphology in rats. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the role of CA119 as a potential oral probiotic in the prevention and treatment of experimental periodontitis, underscoring the potential of probiotics as a complementary approach to traditional periodontal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming-Han Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianxu Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibin Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
| | - Guilian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Microecology and Healthy Breeding, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Microecological Vaccines (Drugs) for Major Animal Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
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12
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Radu CM, Radu CC, Arbănaşi EM, Hogea T, Murvai VR, Chiș IA, Zaha DC. Exploring the Efficacy of Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Periodontitis: A Literature Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:468. [PMID: 38672739 PMCID: PMC11050937 DOI: 10.3390/life14040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a prevalent oral condition, is facing difficulties in therapeutic approaches, sometimes leading to failure. This literature review was conducted to investigate the diversity of other therapeutic approaches and their potential contributions to the successful management of the disease. This research scrutinized the alterations in microbial diversity and imbalances in crucial microbial species, which contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Within the limitations of this study, we highlight the importance of understanding the treatment plan's role in periodontitis disease, opening the way for further research and innovative treatment plans to mitigate the impact of periodontitis on oral health. This will aid both healthcare professionals and patients in preventing and effectively treating periodontitis, ultimately improving oral health outcomes and overall systemic health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra-Maria Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Carmen Corina Radu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Emil-Marian Arbănaşi
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mureș County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Vascular Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Timur Hogea
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Viorela Romina Murvai
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ioana-Andreea Chiș
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Carmen Zaha
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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13
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Zhan X, Yan J, Xiang D, Tang H, Cao L, Zheng Y, Lin H, Xia D. Near-infrared light responsive gold nanoparticles coating endows polyetheretherketone with enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial properties. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100982. [PMID: 38371468 PMCID: PMC10869918 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is considered as a promising dental implant material owing to its excellent physicochemical and mechanical properties. However, its wide range of applications is limited by its biologically inert nature. In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) light responsive bioactive coating with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and metronidazole adhered to the PEEK surface via dopamine polymerization. Compared to pure PEEK, the hydrophilicity of the treated PEEK surface was significantly improved. In addition, under NIR light, the surface coating exhibited photothermal conversion effect, and gold nanoparticles and the antibiotic can be released from the coating. This improved the antibacterial properties of PEEK materials. Moreover, the coating was more conducive to the early adhesion of bone mesenchymal stem cells. The results of in vitro and in vivo osteogenic activity studies showed that the developed coating promoted osseointegration of PEEK implants, and NIR light irradiation further improved the antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity of PEEK implants. Through RNA sequencing, the potential underlying mechanism of promoting bone formation of the AuNPs coating combined metronidazole was interpreted. In summary, the developed coating is a potential surface treatment strategy that endows PEEK with enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhan
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianglong Yan
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Dong Xiang
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dandan Xia
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
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14
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Hussein HR, Abdulkareem AA, Milward MR, Cooper PR. Ability of gingival crevicular fluid volume, E-cadherin, and total antioxidant capacity levels for predicting outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy for periodontitis patients. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:289-298. [PMID: 38009442 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the potential of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume, E-cadherin and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels to predict the outcomes of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) for periodontitis patients. BACKGROUND NSPT is the gold-standard treatment for periodontal pockets < 6 mm in depth, however, successful outcomes are not always guaranteed due to several factors. Periodontitis-associated tissue destruction is evidenced by the increased level of soluble E-cadherin and reduced antioxidants in oral fluids which could be used as predictors for success/failure of NSPT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with periodontitis (n = 24) were included in this clinical trial and full-mouth periodontal charting was recorded for each patient. GCF samples from periodontal pockets with probing pocket depth (PPD) 4-6 mm from the interproximal surfaces of anterior and premolar teeth were obtained. These sites subsequently received NSPT and were clinically re-evaluated after 1 and 3 months. Levels of GCF E-cadherin and TAC levels were assayed using ELISA. RESULTS All clinical periodontal parameters were significantly improved 3 months after completion of NSPT. These outcomes were associated with a significant decrease in E-cadherin levels and GCF volume, while TAC levels were significantly increased in samples obtained in follow-up appointments. Binary regression model analysis showed that PPD, GCF volume, E-cadherin, and TAC levels could significantly (p < .05) predict the outcomes of NSPT. The cut-off points for PPD, GCF volume, E-cadherin and TAC were 5 mm, 4 × 10-3, 1267.97 pg/mL and 0.09 μmol/g, respectively. CONCLUSION NSPT improved clinical parameters along with increased antioxidants capacity and epithelial pocket lining integrity. Discrimination of favorable/unfavorable responsiveness of periodontally diseased sites to NSPT could be possible by using GCF volume, PPD, E-cadherin and TAC level assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind R Hussein
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- Al-Noor Dental Center, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali A Abdulkareem
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mike R Milward
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul R Cooper
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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15
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Xu X, Lu H, Huo P, Jin D, Zhu Y, Meng H. Effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on glycemic control in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes: A short-term randomized controlled trial. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:249-258. [PMID: 38115631 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole with scaling and root planing (SRP) on periodontal parameters and glycemic control in patients with severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. BACKGROUND Adjunctive antibiotics use is advantageous for treating periodontitis in patients with severe periodontitis and diabetes. However, the effects of adjunctive antibiotic use on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels remain unclear. METHODS This short-term, randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with severe periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly allocated to SPR only (i.e., control) or SPR + antibiotics (500 mg of amoxicillin and 200 mg of metronidazole, three times daily for 7 days) groups. Periodontal and hematological parameters were assessed at baseline and 3 months after treatment. Inter- and intra-group analyses were performed using Student's t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and the binary logistic regression models. p-values of <.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS This study enrolled 49 patients, with 23 and 26 patients in the SRP-only and SRP + antibiotics groups, respectively. The periodontal parameters improved significantly and similarly in both groups after treatment (p < .05). The SRP + antibiotics group had more sites of improvement than the SRP-only group when the initial probing depth was >6 mm. (698 [78.96%] vs. 545 [73.35%], p = .008). The HbA1c levels decreased in the SRP-only and SRP + antibiotics groups after treatment (0.39% and 0.53%, respectively). The multivariable binary logistic regression model demonstrated that antibiotics administration and a high baseline HbA1c level were associated with a greater reduction in the HbA1c level (odds ratio = 4.551, 95% confidence interval: 1.012-20.463; odds ratio = 7.162, 95% confidence interval: 1.359-37.753, respectively). CONCLUSIONS SRP and SRP plus systemic antibiotics were beneficial for glycemic control. Adjunctive antibiotic use slightly improved the outcome for patients with severe periodontitis and poorly controlled diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Xu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - He Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Huo
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsiqi Jin
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxuan Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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16
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Takallu S, Mirzaei E, Zakeri Bazmandeh A, Ghaderi Jafarbeigloo HR, Khorshidi H. Addressing Antimicrobial Properties in Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration Membrane: Enhancing Effectiveness in Periodontitis Treatment. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:779-807. [PMID: 38300991 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are the two surgical techniques generally used for periodontitis disease treatment. These techniques are based on a barrier membrane to direct the growth of new bone and gingival tissue at sites with insufficient volumes or dimensions of bone or gingiva for proper function, esthetics, or prosthetic restoration. Numerous studies have highlighted biocompatibility, space-creation, cell-blocking, bioactivity, and proper handling as essential characteristics of a membrane's performance. Given that bacterial infection is the primary cause of periodontitis, we strongly believe that addressing the antimicrobial properties of these membranes is of utmost importance. Indeed, the absence of effective inhibition of periodontal pathogens has been recognized as a primary factor contributing to the failure of GTR/GBR membranes. Therefore, we suggest considering antimicrobial properties as one of the key factors in the design of GTR/GBR membranes. Antibiotics are potent medications frequently administered systemically to combat microbes and mitigate bacterial infections. Nevertheless, the excessive use of antibiotics has resulted in a surge in bacterial resistance. To overcome this challenge, alternative antibacterial substances have been developed. In this review, we explore the utilization of alternative substances with antimicrobial properties for topical application in membranes. The use of antibacterial nanoparticles, phytochemical compounds, and antimicrobial peptides in this context was investigated. By carefully selecting and integrating antimicrobial agents into GTR/GBR membranes, we can significantly enhance their effectiveness in combating periodontitis. These antibacterial substances not only act as barriers against pathogenic bacteria but also promote the process of periodontal healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Takallu
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7133654361, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7133654361, Iran
| | - Abbas Zakeri Bazmandeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7133654361, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ghaderi Jafarbeigloo
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Fasa 7461686688, Iran
- Student Research Center committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa 7461686688, Iran
| | - Hooman Khorshidi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7195615878, Iran
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Ma Y, Qian Y, Chen Y, Ruan X, Peng X, Sun Y, Zhang J, Luo J, Zhou S, Deng C. Resveratrol modulates the inflammatory response in hPDLSCs via the NRF2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways and promotes osteogenic differentiation. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:162-173. [PMID: 37905727 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate resveratrol's specific role as an anti-inflammatory and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs in periodontitis and to reveal the mechanisms involved. BACKGROUND Numerous studies have shown that inhibiting the inflammatory response of periodontal tissues and promoting the regeneration of alveolar bone are crucial treatments for periodontitis. Resveratrol has been found to have certain anti-inflammatory property. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism and osteogenic effect of resveratrol in periodontitis are poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS We constructed an in vitro periodontitis model by LPS stimulation of hPDLSCs and performed WB, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescence to analyze inflammatory factors and related pathways. In addition, we explored the osteogenic ability of resveratrol in in vitro models. RESULTS In vitro, resveratrol ameliorated the inflammatory response associated with activation of the NF-κB pathway through activation of the NRF2/HO-1 pathway, characterized by inhibition of p65/p50 nuclear translocation and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β levels. Resveratrol also has a positive effect on osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Observations suggest that resveratrol modulates the inflammatory response in hPDLSCs via the NRF2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways and promotes osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Ma
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yi Qian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yuteng Chen
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaoxu Ruan
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaoya Peng
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Chao Deng
- School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for dental materials and application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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18
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Zhou S, Miao D, Wen J, Zhang Q, Hu D, Liu N, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang K, Chen Y. Microcin C7-laden modified gelatin based biocomposite hydrogel for the treatment of periodontitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128293. [PMID: 38000587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an oral disease with the highest incidence globally, and plaque control is the key to its treatment. In this study, Microcin C7 was used to treat periodontitis, and a novel injectable temperature-sensitive sustained-release hydrogel was synthesized as an environmentally sensitive carrier for drug delivery. First, modified gelatin was formed from gelatin and glycidyl methacrylate. Then, Microcin C7-laden hydrogel was formed from cross-linking with double bonds between modified gelatin, N-isopropyl acrylamide, and 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine through radical polymerization, and the model drug Microcin C7 was loaded by electrostatic adsorption. The hydrogel has good temperature sensitivity, self-healing, and injectable properties. In vitro results showed that the hydrogel could slowly and continuously release Microcin C7 with good biocompatibility and biodegradability, with a remarkable antibacterial effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis. It also confirmed the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of Microcin C7-laden hydrogel in a periodontitis rat model. The results showed that Microcin C7-laden hydrogel is a promising candidate for local drug delivery systems in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Stomatology, Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Di Miao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jinpeng Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Datao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jinyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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19
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Zhan C, Qu W, Fok MR, Jin L, Lin Y. Motivational Interviewing on Periodontal Treatment Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00005-4. [PMID: 38307831 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review investigated the clinical efficacy of motivational interviewing (MI) in improving oral hygiene and periodontal health in patients with periodontal diseases. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases up to May 2023. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of MI on periodontal conditions in patients with gingivitis, periodontitis, and peri‑implantitis were included. After data screening, a risk-of-bias assessment was performed using the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool. The meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models. RESULTS Out of 2108 records screened, 7 RCTs involving 474 patients were included in the qualitative synthesis, with 6 of these studies included in the meta-analysis. Amongst these, 5 studies had a high RoB and 2 had some concerns about bias. Although individual studies reported varied results regarding the effects of MI on different periodontal indices and parameters at different time points, the pooled results revealed no significant difference in the overall effect on plaque level, bleeding on probing, and gingival inflammation between the MI and control groups. In addition, there is insufficient evidence to suggest any significant effect on attachment loss or probing depth. CONCLUSIONS The current evidence is insufficient to support the effectiveness of MI as an adjunctive intervention for improving oral hygiene and periodontal outcomes. However, these results should be interpreted with caution. Additional high-quality studies with standardised MI interventions are required to derive definite conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoning Zhan
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wanting Qu
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Melissa Rachel Fok
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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20
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Wu E, Cheng M, Zhang X, Wu T, Sheng S, Sheng M, Wei L, Zhang L, Shao W. Exploration of potential shared gene signatures between periodontitis and multiple sclerosis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38218802 PMCID: PMC10788039 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although periodontitis has previously been reported to be linked with multiple sclerosis (MS), but the molecular mechanisms and pathological interactions between the two remain unclear. This study aims to explore potential crosstalk genes and pathways between periodontitis and MS. METHODS Periodontitis and MS data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Shared genes were identified by differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Then, enrichment analysis for the shared genes was carried out by multiple methods. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to obtain potential shared diagnostic genes. Furthermore, the expression profile of 28 immune cells in periodontitis and MS was examined using single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA). Finally, real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR (qRT-PCR) and immune histochemical staining were employed to validate Hub gene expressions in periodontitis and MS samples. RESULTS FAM46C, SLC7A7, LY96, CFI, DDIT4L, CD14, C5AR1, and IGJ genes were the shared genes between periodontitis, and MS. GO analysis revealed that the shared genes exhibited the greatest enrichment in response to molecules of bacterial origin. LASSO analysis indicated that CFI, DDIT4L, and FAM46C were the most effective shared diagnostic biomarkers for periodontitis and MS, which were further validated by qPCR and immunohistochemical staining. ssGSEA analysis revealed that T and B cells significantly influence the development of MS and periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS FAM46C, SLC7A7, LY96, CFI, DDIT4L, CD14, C5AR1, and IGJ were the most important crosstalk genes between periodontitis, and MS. Further studies found that CFI, DDIT4L, and FAM46C were potential biomarkers in periodontitis and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erli Wu
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xinjing Zhang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tiangang Wu
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shuyan Sheng
- First Clinical Medical College (First Affiliated Hospital), Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mengfei Sheng
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Department of Periodontology, Anhui Stomatology Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wei Shao
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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21
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Hirkane PS, Verma UP, Verma AK, Singh P. Exploring the Relation Between Interstitial Lung Diseases and Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e53157. [PMID: 38420070 PMCID: PMC10901193 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review is to determine the association between interstitial lung diseases and chronic periodontitis from various aspects such as microbial, biomarker, genetic, and environmental levels. A systematic review was carried out from 2000 to 2021 following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations including studies searched in PubMed-Medline, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. A total of more than 100 articles were obtained in the initial screening process. Out of these 42 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. According to the extracted data, there is mounting evidence suggesting the association between these two diseases. Our systematic review raises the prospect of a connection between chronic periodontitis and interstitial lung diseases, within the limitations of the studies we included.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Umesh P Verma
- Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Ajay K Verma
- Respiratory Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Pooja Singh
- Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
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22
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Barczak K, Droździk A, Bosiacki M, Łagocka R, Cenariu D, Uriciuc WA, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. CCL5's Role in Periodontal Disease: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17332. [PMID: 38139161 PMCID: PMC10744061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent host inflammatory and immune responses to biofilm play a critical role in the mechanisms that govern soft and hard tissue destruction in periodontal disease. Among the less explored facets of these mechanisms are chemokines, including CCL5 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 5), also known as RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), a proinflammatory CC subfamily chemokine synthesized by T lymphocytes. Despite its importance, there is currently no comprehensive review of the role of CCL5 in periodontitis in the literature. Therefore, this paper aims to fill this gap by summarizing the existing knowledge on the involvement of CCL5 in the onset and progression of periodontitis. In addition, we aim to stimulate interest in this relatively overlooked factor among periodontitis researchers, potentially accelerating the development of drugs targeting CCL5 or its receptors. The review examines the association of CCL5 with periodontitis risk factors, including aging, cigarette smoking, diabetes, and obesity. It discusses the involvement of CCL5 in pathological processes during periodontitis, such as connective tissue and bone destruction. The data show that CCL5 expression is observed in affected gums and gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients, with bacterial activity contributing significantly to this increase, but the reviewed studies of the association between CCL5 expression and periodontal disease have yielded inconclusive results. Although CCL5 has been implicated in the pathomechanism of periodontitis, a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms and significance remains elusive, hindering the development of drugs targeting this chemokine or its receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Barczak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Droździk
- Laboratory of Preclinical Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.); (I.B.-B.)
| | - Ryta Łagocka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Diana Cenariu
- MEDFUTURE—Research Center for Advanced Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Willi Andrei Uriciuc
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu-Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.); (I.B.-B.)
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23
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Jiang W, Xu T, Song Z, Wang X, Yuan S, Li Q, Wei Y, Wang C, Yang G, Cao J, Mo Y, Liu Z, Li N, Li S, Lv P, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Hu W. CCL2 is a key regulator and therapeutic target for periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1644-1657. [PMID: 37697486 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM Our previous study revealed that the C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is a promising target for periodontitis prevention and treatment. However, CCR2 is a receptor with multiple C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCLs), including CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13 and CCL16, and which of these ligands plays a key role in periodontitis remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the key functional ligand of CCR2 in periodontitis and to evaluate the potential of the functional ligand as a therapeutic target for periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels and clinical relevance of CCR2, CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13 and CCL16 were studied using human samples. The role of CCL2 in periodontitis was evaluated by using CCL2 knockout mice and overexpressing CCL2 in the periodontium. The effect of local administration of bindarit in periodontitis was evaluated by preventive and therapeutic medication in a mouse periodontitis model. Microcomputed tomography, haematoxylin and eosin staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, bead-based immunoassays and flow cytometry were used for histomorphology, molecular biology and cytology analysis. RESULTS Among different ligands of CCR2, only CCL2 was significantly up-regulated in periodontitis gingival tissues and was positively correlated with the severity of periodontitis. Mice lacking CCL2 showed milder inflammation and less bone resorption than wild-type mice, which was accompanied by a reduction in monocyte/macrophage recruitment. Adeno-associated virus-2 vectors overexpressing CCL2 in Ccl2-/- mice gingiva reversed the attenuation of periodontitis in a CCR2-dependent manner. In ligation-induced experimental periodontitis, preventive or therapeutic administration of bindarit, a CCL2 synthesis inhibitor, significantly inhibited the production of CCL2, decreased the osteoclast number and bone loss and reduced the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS CCL2 is a pivotal chemokine that binds to CCR2 during the progression of periodontitis, and targeting CCL2 may be a feasible option for controlling periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Jiang
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Emergency, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanming Song
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuekang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Yuan
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Mo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongtian Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
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24
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Eggers B, Stope MB, Marciniak J, Mustea A, Eick S, Deschner J, Nokhbehsaim M, Kramer FJ. Non-Invasive Physical Plasma Reduces the Inflammatory Response in Microbially Prestimulated Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16156. [PMID: 38003346 PMCID: PMC10671174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive physical plasma (NIPP), an electrically conductive gas, is playing an increasingly important role in medicine due to its antimicrobial and regenerative properties. However, NIPP is not yet well established in dentistry, although it has promising potential, especially for periodontological applications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of NIPP on a commercially available human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell line and primary HGFs in the presence of periodontitis-associated bacteria. First, primary HGFs from eight patients were characterised by immunofluorescence, and cell numbers were examined by an automatic cell counter over 5 days. Then, HGFs that were preincubated with Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n.) were treated with NIPP. Afterwards, the IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the cell supernatants were determined by ELISA. In HGFs, F.n. caused a significant increase in IL-6 and IL-8, and this F.n.-induced upregulation of both cytokines was counteracted by NIPP, suggesting a beneficial effect of physical plasma on periodontal cells in a microbial environment. The application of NIPP in periodontal therapy could therefore represent a novel and promising strategy and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Eggers
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Matthias Bernhard Stope
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.B.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Jana Marciniak
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Alexander Mustea
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.B.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - James Deschner
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Marjan Nokhbehsaim
- Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Franz-Josef Kramer
- Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany;
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25
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Liu S, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Du J, Guo L, Xu J, Liu Y, Liu Y. The bidirectional effect of neutrophils on periodontitis model in mice: A systematic review. Oral Dis 2023. [PMID: 37927000 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the regulatory role of neutrophils as the first line of host immune defense in the periodontal microenvironment of mice. METHODS A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases for articles published between 2012 and 2023. In this review, articles investigating the effect of neutrophils on alveolar bone resorption in a mouse model of periodontitis were selected and evaluated according to eligibility criteria. Important variables that may influence outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Eleven articles were included in this systematic review. The results showed that because of their immune defense functions, the functional homeostasis of local neutrophils is critical for periodontal health. Neutrophil deficiency aggravates alveolar bone loss. However, several studies have shown that excessive neutrophil infiltration is positively correlated with alveolar bone resorption caused by periodontitis in mice. Therefore, the homeostasis of neutrophil function needs to be considered in the treatment of periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Pooled analysis suggests that neutrophils play a bidirectional role in periodontal tissue remodeling in mouse periodontitis models. Therefore, targeted regulation of local neutrophil function provides a novel strategy for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyi Chen
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyang Jiang
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junji Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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26
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Balan P, Belibasakis G, Ivanovski S, Bostanci N, Seneviratne CJ. Community dynamics of subgingival microbiome in periodontitis and targets for microbiome modulation therapy. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:726-738. [PMID: 36260510 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2133594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The microbial aetiology for periodontitis has been widely studied and deciphered for more than a century. The evolving and changing concepts about periodontal microbiology can be attributed to continuously developing laboratory techniques. The current sequencing platforms have not only expanded the catalog of periodontal pathogens but have also facilitated the understanding of functional interactions of the ecological framework. However, the translation of this new knowledge to advance periodontal therapeutics is minimal. We contend that novel clinical interventions directed beyond conventional therapies need to be emphasized. A clear understanding of the structural and functional dynamics of subgingival microbiota is a pre-requisite for developing any microbiome-based interventions for applications in periodontal health care. In this review, we discuss the 16 s-rRNA gene sequencing-based knowledge of the subgingival microbial community structure, its interactions and functions, and our perspective on the potential to engineer it for periodontal therapeutics. Harnessing this next-generation sequencing-based knowledge, microbiome modulation therapies are poised to change microbiome therapeutics' face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Balan
- Singapore Oral Microbiomics Initiative, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Program, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Saso Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- Singapore Oral Microbiomics Initiative, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Center, Singapore, Singapore
- Oral Health Academic Clinical Program, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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27
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Hayashi JI, Ono K, Iwamura Y, Sasaki Y, Ohno T, Goto R, Nishida E, Yamamoto G, Kikuchi T, Higuchi N, Mitani A, Fukuda M. Suppression of subgingival bacteria by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using transgingival irradiation: A randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2023. [PMID: 37910482 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an effective method for eradicating bacteria in periodontal therapy. Standard aPDT requires the insertion of a laser tip into a periodontal pocket, in which the direction of irradiation is limited. Therefore, we devised an aPDT method that uses a transgingival near-infrared wavelength and indocyanine green-encapsulated and chitosan-coated nanoparticles as a photosensitizer. METHODS Forty patients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy, who had a single root tooth with a pocket of 5 mm or deeper, were used as subjects. In the test group, aPDT was performed by laser irradiation from outside the gingiva using photosensitizer nanoparticles. In the control group, pseudo aPDT without photosensitizer was performed by transgingival irradiation. Subgingival plaque was sampled from inside the pocket before, immediately after, and 1 week after treatment, and evaluated by colony counting and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age, sex, periodontal pocket depth, and bleeding on probing between the test and control groups. Compared with the colony count before treatment, the count in the test group was significantly reduced immediately after treatment. The number of patients with colony reduction to ≤50% and ≤10% was significantly higher in the test group than in the control group. None of the participants reported pain, although one participant reported discomfort. CONCLUSION As a bacterial control method for residual pockets in patients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy, transgingival aPDT is a promising treatment strategy that is not generally accompanied by pain or discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichiro Hayashi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kohta Ono
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Iwamura
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sasaki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tasuku Ohno
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryoma Goto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Eisaku Nishida
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Genta Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kikuchi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoya Higuchi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akio Mitani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Fukuda
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Kranz S, Heyder M, Rabe U, Liu P, Mrozinska A, Guellmar A, Berg A, Steen D, Tuckermann J, Watts DC, Sigusch B, Reise M. Osseointegration of photodynamic active biomaterials for bone regeneration in an animal bone model over a period of 12 months. Dent Mater 2023; 39:977-985. [PMID: 37709590 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous efforts led to the development of two different polymeric biomaterials for periodontal regeneration with antibacterial photodynamic surface activity. The present study aimed to investigate osseointegration and bone formation of both materials in an ovine model. METHODS Both biomaterials: 1) urethane dimethacrylate-based Biomaterial 1 (BioM1) and 2) tri-armed oligoester-urethane methacrylate-based Biomaterial 2 (BioM2) are enriched with beta-tri-calcium phosphate and the photosensitizer meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC). These materials were implanted in non-critical size bone defects in the sheep femur (n = 16) and tibia (n = 8). Empty defects served as controls (n = 16). Polyfluorochrome sequential bone labeling was carried out at baseline and after 3, 6, and 12 months. Animals were sacrificed after 12 months. Bone specimens (n = 40) were fixed and subjected to microtomographic analysis (µCT) for the evaluation of the bone-volume-fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number and trabecular thickness. Subsequently, histological sections were arranged and polyfluorochrome sequential bone labeling was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (cLSM). RESULTS cLSM analysis revealed that highest remodeling and bone formation activity occurred during the second half of the study period (6-12 months). Bone formation in the tibia was significantly lower for the control (2.71 ± 1.26%) as compared to BioM1 (6.01 ± 2.99%) and BioM2 (6.45 ± 2.12%); (p = 0.006, p = 0004). Micro-computed tomography revealed a BV/TV volume fraction of 44.72 ± 9.01% in femur defects filled with BioM1 which was significantly higher compared to the control (32.27 ± 7.02%; p = 0.01). Bone architecture (trabecular number, trabecular thickness) did not significantly differ from the self-healed defects. SIGNIFICANCE Both biomaterials, especially BioM1 showed good osseointegration and bone formation characteristics and can be recommended for further examination in periodontal regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kranz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - M Heyder
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - U Rabe
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - P Liu
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 8/1, 9081 Ulm, Germany
| | - A Mrozinska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Guellmar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Berg
- Department of Biomaterials, INNOVENT e.V., Prüssingstr. 27b, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - D Steen
- biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - J Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 8/1, 9081 Ulm, Germany
| | - David C Watts
- University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Bernd Sigusch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M Reise
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Jena, An der, alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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29
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Li S, Su L, Luan Q, Liu G, Zeng W, Yu X. Regulatory B cells induced by interleukin-35 inhibit inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in ligature-induced periodontitis. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1376-1388. [PMID: 37086023 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been reported to suppress immune responses and alveolar bone loss in murine periodontitis models. These cells could be induced by interleukin (IL)-35 which is increased upon periodontal inflammation. Thus, this study aimed to explore the role of Bregs induced by IL-35 in periodontitis. METHODS Experimental periodontitis was induced in mice by ligature. Two weeks after ligation, the test group was systemically treated with IL-35 for 1 week. Four weeks after ligation, all mice were euthanized, and alveolar bone loss was evaluated by microcomputed tomography. Cytokines associated with periodontitis were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bregs in spleens, cervical lymph nodes, and periodontal tissues were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS In the mouse model of periodontitis, IL-35 induced the expansion of CD1dhi CD5+ B10 cells with increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-35 production. IL-35 administration also attenuated alveolar bone loss and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in situ. CONCLUSIONS Following ligature-induced periodontitis in mice, IL-35 inhibited periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption at least partially through the induction of B10 cells and IL-35+ Bregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Li
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Su
- Center of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Guojing Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenmin Zeng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Yang T, Zhou B, Shan Z, Hu L. Type 2 diabetes aggravates periodontitis-induced pathological changes in the dental pulp. Oral Dis 2023. [PMID: 37837239 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The inner mechanism of how diabetes affects dental pulp of patients with periodontitis has seldom been reported. We collected clinical samples and explored the influence of diabetes and periodontitis on the pathological change of dental pulp. METHODS Dental pulp from healthy individuals and patients with periodontitis with or without diabetes were collected based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dental pulp was morphologically observed; advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX1) were examined. Oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory indices, and apoptotic levels were assessed. RESULTS Morphologically, fibrous structure in the dental pulp of patients with diabetic periodontitis (DP) group was sparse and disordered, and the blood vessel wall was thickened. Diabetes related indexes as AGEs and LOX1 were upregulated. Superoxide dismutase 2 expression was decreased, and OS level was increased. Matrix metalloproteinase 3 and other relevant proinflammatory cytokines levels were increased. The elevated OS and inflammation contributed to upregulation of apoptotic levels in DP group. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes aggravates the pathological changes in the dental pulp of periodontitis patients possibly due to upregulated AGEs and LOX1. Our results highlight the importance of early oral intervention in patients with DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Zhou
- Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaochen Shan
- Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Toyoshima K, Ohsugi Y, Lin P, Komatsu K, Shiba T, Takeuchi Y, Hirota T, Shimohira T, Tsuchiya Y, Katagiri S, Iwata T, Aoki A. Blue Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation Without a Photosensitizer Alters Oral Microbiome Composition of Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Mice. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:549-559. [PMID: 37788456 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the suppressive effects of blue light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation on bone resorption and changes in the oral microbiome of mice with ligature-induced periodontitis. Background: Wavelength of blue light has antimicrobial effects; however, whether blue LED irradiation alone inhibits the progression of periodontitis remains unclear. Methods: Nine-week-old male mice ligated ligature around the right maxillary second molar was divided into ligation alone (Li) and ligation with blue LED irradiation (LiBL) groups. The LiBL group underwent blue LED (wavelength, 455 nm) irradiation four times in a week at 150 mW/cm2 without a photosensitizer on the gingival tissue around the ligated tooth at a distance of 5 mm for 5 min. The total energy density per day was 45 J/cm2. Bone resorption was evaluated using micro-computed tomography at 8 days. Differences in the oral microbiome composition of the collected ligatures between the Li and LiBL groups were analyzed using next-generation sequencing based on the 16S rRNA gene from the ligatures. Results: Blue LED irradiation did not suppress bone resorption caused by ligature-induced periodontitis. However, in the LiBL group, the α-diversity, number of observed features, and Chao1 were significantly decreased. The relative abundances in phylum Myxococcota and Bacteroidota were underrepresented, and the genera Staphylococcus, Lactococcus, and Lactobacillus were significantly overrepresented by blue LED exposure. Metagenomic function prediction indicated an increase in the downregulated pathways related to microbial energy metabolism after irradiation. The co-occurrence network was altered to a simpler structure in the LiBL group, and the number of core genera decreased. Conclusions: Blue LED irradiation altered the composition and network of the oral microbiome of ligature-induced periodontitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Toyoshima
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujin Ohsugi
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peiya Lin
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Komatsu
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shiba
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Hirota
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Research Center for Medical Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimohira
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Arnett MC, Chanthavisouk P, Costalonga M, Blue CM, Evans MD, Paulson DR. Effect of scaling and root planing with and without minocycline HCl microspheres on periodontal pathogens and clinical outcomes: A randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1133-1145. [PMID: 37191955 PMCID: PMC10525010 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study tests the effects of scaling and root planing (SRP) versus SRP plus minocycline hydrochloride microspheres (SRP+MM) on 11 periodontal pathogens and clinical outcomes in Stage II-IV Grade B periodontitis participants. METHODS Seventy participants were randomized to receive SRP (n = 35) or SRP+MM (n = 35). Saliva and clinical outcomes were collected for both groups at baseline before SRP, 1-month reevaluation, and at 3- and 6-month periodontal recall. MM were delivered to pockets ≥5 mm immediately after SRP and immediately after the 3-month periodontal maintenance in the SRP+MM group. A proprietary saliva test* was utilized to quantitate 11 putative periodontal pathogens. Microorganisms and clinical outcomes were compared between groups using generalized linear mixed-effects models with fixed effects and random effects terms. Mean changes from baseline were compared between groups via group-by-visit interaction tests. RESULTS Significant reduction in Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Parvimonas micra, and Eikenella corrodens were identified at the 1-month reevaluation after SRP+MM. Six months after SRP with a re-application of MM 3 months after SRP, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, and Eikenella corrodens were significantly reduced. SRP+MM participants had significant clinical outcome reductions in pockets ≥5 mm at the reevaluation, 3- and 6-month periodontal maintenance, and clinical attachment loss gains at the 6-month periodontal maintenance. CONCLUSION MM delivered immediately after SRP and reapplication at 3 months appeared to contribute to improved clinical outcomes and sustained decreased numbers of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, and Eikenella corrodens at 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C. Arnett
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Phonsuda Chanthavisouk
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Therapy, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Massimo Costalonga
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Christine M. Blue
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael D. Evans
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Danna R. Paulson
- Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Hygiene, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Geisinger ML, Geurs NC, Novy B, Otomo-Corgel J, Cobb CM, Jacobsen PL, Takesh T, Wilder-Smith P. A randomized double-blind clinical trial evaluating comparative plaque and gingival health associated with commercially available stannous fluoride-containing dentifrices as compared to a sodium fluoride control dentifrice. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1112-1121. [PMID: 37016272 PMCID: PMC10524004 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingivitis is a non-specific inflammatory lesion in response to the accumulation of oral biofilm and is a necessary precursor to periodontitis. Enhanced oral hygiene practices, including utilization of a dentifrice that could significantly improve plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation, is desirable to prevent and treat gingivitis and potentially prevent progression to periodontitis. This clinical study aimed to investigate the effect of a new stannous fluoride-containing dentifrice with 2.6% ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as an anti-tartar agent to reduce plaque index and gingival index over a 3-month study period compared to other commercially-available fluoride-containing dentifrices. METHODS This double-blind, randomized controlled clinical study evaluated plaque, gingival inflammation, and sulcular bleeding in patients using one of five commercially available fluoride-containing dentifrices The dentifrices tested contained: 0.454% stannous fluoride and 2.6% EDTA (D1), 0.24% sodium fluoride (C), and 0.454% stannous fluoride (D2-D4). One hundred fifty subjects participated over a 3-month period. Co-primary endpoints were improvements in plaque index (PI) and modified gingival index (mGI) from baseline values. No professional cleaning was performed during the study period. RESULTS All subjects in the study demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all measures of oral hygiene over the 3-month study period. Subjects using dentifrice 1 (D1) showed statistically significantly greater reductions in PI, mGI, and modified sulcular bleeding index (mSBI) compared with all other commercially-available dentifrices tested (p < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS A new dentifrice with 0.454% stannous fluoride and 2.6% EDTA demonstrated significant improvements in clinical parameters associated with gingivitis compared to other sodium and stannous fluoride containing dentifrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Geisinger
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology
| | - Nicolaas C. Geurs
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology
| | - Brian Novy
- Harvard University, School of Dental Medicine
| | - Joan Otomo-Corgel
- University of California at Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology
| | - Charles M. Cobb
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Department of Periodontology
| | | | - Thair Takesh
- University of California at Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Center, Department of Dentistry
| | - Petra Wilder-Smith
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Lee YH, Hong JY. Oral microbiome as a co-mediator of halitosis and periodontitis: a narrative review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1229145. [PMID: 37719278 PMCID: PMC10500072 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1229145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Halitosis or oral malodor is an unpleasant odor from the oral cavity. However, although patients with periodontitis often complain of halitosis, their relationship has not been fully elucidated. We reviewed previous literature based on the hypothesis that the relationship between halitosis and periodontitis is mediated by the oral microbiome. Materials and methods This narrative review sought to provide insight into the causative role of the oral microbiome in influencing halitosis and periodontitis. In addition, we tried to deepen knowledge related to the relationship between halitosis and periodontitis generated by the oral microbiome accumulated over the past 40 years. Results From 1984 to 2023, a total of 106 papers that carefully and scientifically dealt with halitosis and periodontitis were included in this narrative review. Based on previous results, halitosis and periodontitis were closely related. For decades, researchers have taken an intriguing approach to the question of whether there is a relationship between halitosis and periodontitis. Central factors in the relationship between halitosis and periodontitis include volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), the oral microbiota that produce VSCs, and the inflammatory response. Conclusions Taken together, the more severe periodontitis, the higher the level of VSC in halitosis, which may be mediated by oral microbiome. However, the relationship between the occurrence, maintenance, and exacerbation of periodontitis and halitosis is not a necessary and sufficient condition for each other because they are complex interplay even in one individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Hong
- Department of Periodontology, Periodontal-Implant Clinical Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ardila CM, Jiménez-Arbeláez GA, Vivares-Builes AM. Potential Clinical Application of Organs-on-a-Chip in Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:158. [PMID: 37504224 PMCID: PMC10378380 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The periodontium is a unique organ from the standpoint of building an organ-on-a-chip (OoC) since it is a system that is continually threatened by microorganisms, their noxious compounds, and antigenic components. At the same time, periodontal health depends on a balanced connection between the host and the bacteria in the oral cavity, which is a complex micro-ecological environment. The objective of this systematic review of in vitro studies is to revise the potential clinical application of OoC in periodontal diseases. PRISMA was used to guide this analysis. The review framework made use of several databases, including SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCIELO, and LILACS as well as the gray literature. This systematic review comprised seven studies. The clinical efficacy of OoC in periodontal diseases was observed in models of the gingival crevice for the research of periodontitis, periodontal medication analysis, the interaction of multiple microbial species, pH measurements in in situ-grown biofilm, testing antimicrobial reagents, evaluation of mucosal interactions with microorganisms, and a device for quantitative exploration of microorganisms. OoC has the potential to advance our understanding of periodontal diseases by providing a more accurate representation of the oral microenvironment and enabling the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Ardila
- Basic Studies Department, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín 050010, Colombia
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Müller-Heupt LK, Eckelt A, Eckelt J, Groß J, Opatz T, Kommerein N. An In Vitro Study of Local Oxygen Therapy as Adjunctive Antimicrobial Therapeutic Option for Patients with Periodontitis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:990. [PMID: 37370309 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common global disease caused by bacterial dysbiosis leading to tissue destruction, and it is strongly associated with anaerobic bacterial colonization. Therapeutic strategies such as oxygen therapy have been developed to positively influence the dysbiotic microbiota, and the use of oxygen-releasing substances may offer an added benefit of avoiding systemic effects commonly associated with antibiotics taken orally or hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Therefore, the oxygen release of calcium peroxide (CaO2) was measured using a dissolved oxygen meter, and CaO2 solutions were prepared by dissolving autoclaved CaO2 in sterile filtered and deionized water. The effects of CaO2 on planktonic bacterial growth and metabolic activity, as well as on biofilms of Streptococcus oralis and Porphyromonas gingivalis, were investigated through experiments conducted under anaerobic conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of CaO2 as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of periodontitis. Results showed that CaO2 selectively inhibited the growth and viability of P. gingivalis (p < 0.001) but had little effect on S. oralis (p < 0.01), indicating that CaO2 has the potential to selectively affect both planktonic bacteria and mono-species biofilms of P. gingivalis. The results of this study suggest that CaO2 could be a promising antimicrobial agent with selective activity for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Katharina Müller-Heupt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anja Eckelt
- WEE-Solve GmbH, Auf der Burg 6, 55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - John Eckelt
- WEE-Solve GmbH, Auf der Burg 6, 55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonathan Groß
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadine Kommerein
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Luo Y, Yang B, Dong W, Yu W, Jia M, Wang J. DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 deficiency promotes bone resorption in murine periodontitis models. J Periodontal Res 2023. [PMID: 37243354 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of supporting structures of the teeth. DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) plays crucial roles in cell survival and differentiation. DDIT3 regulates bone mass and osteoclastogenesis in femur. However, the role of DDIT3 in periodontitis has not been elucidated. This research aimed to explore the role and mechanisms of DDIT3 in periodontitis. METHODS DDIT3 gene knockout (KO) mice were generated using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. Experimental periodontitis models were established to explore the role of DDIT3 in periodontitis. The expression of DDIT3 in periodontal tissues was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The alveolar bone phenotypes were observed by micro-CT and stereomicroscopy. The inflammation levels and osteoclast activity were examined by histological staining, immunostaining, and qRT-PCR. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated to confirm the effects of DDIT3 on osteoclast formation and function in vitro. RESULTS The increased expression of DDIT3 in murine inflamed periodontal tissues was detected. DDIT3 knockout aggravated alveolar bone loss and enhanced expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in murine periodontitis models. Increased osteoclast formation and higher expression levels of osteoclast-specific markers were observed in the inflamed periodontal tissues of KO mice. In vitro, DDIT3 deficiency promoted the formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated osteoclasts and the bone resorption activity of mature osteoclasts. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that DDIT3 deletion aggravated alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis through enhanced inflammatory reactions and osteoclastogenesis. The anti-inflammation and the inhibition of bone loss by DDIT3 in murine periodontitis provides a potential novel therapeutic strategy for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Beining Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Dong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqian Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meie Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Zheng X, Dong Z, Liang Z, Liu Y, Yin X, Han M, Cui Z, Mei X, Gao X. Photothermally responsive icariin and carbon nanofiber modified hydrogels for the treatment of periodontitis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1207011. [PMID: 37260832 PMCID: PMC10227505 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1207011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease brought on by various bacteria, and effective antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and alveolar bone regeneration are the main goals of treating periodontal disease. Methods: In the current work, we employed Icariin (ICA) into a hydrogel modified with carbon nanofiber (CNF) to create a multifunctional composite nanoplatform. The composite was activated in the near infrared (NIR) to treat periodontitis. Results: The antibacterial results showed that the ICA+CNF@H showed 94.2% and 91.7% clearance of S. aureus and E. coli, respectively, under NIR irradiation. In vitro experiments showed that NIR-irradiated composites suppressed inflammatory factor (IL-6) and ROS expression and up-regulated the performance of anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) in RAW264.7 cells. At the same time, the composites promoted the production of osteogenic factors in BMSCs, with an approximately 3-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase activity after 7 days and an approximately 2-fold increase in the rate of extracellular matrix mineralization after 21 days. In vivo tests showed that the alveolar bone height was clearly greater in the ICA+CNF@H (NIR) group compared to the periodontitis group. Discussion: In conclusion, ICA+CNF@H under NIR irradiation achieved a synergistic effect of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, reduction of reactive oxygen species and promotion of osteogenesis, offering a novel approach for treating periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xifan Mei
- *Correspondence: Xifan Mei, ; Xiuqiu Gao,
| | - Xiuqiu Gao
- *Correspondence: Xifan Mei, ; Xiuqiu Gao,
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Zhao J, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Xie S, Li DD, Zhang PF, Ren XY, Wang X. Effects of modified triangular flap for third molar extraction on distal periodontal health of second molar: A randomized controlled study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16161. [PMID: 37234672 PMCID: PMC10208835 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effect of flap design for impacted mandibular third molar extraction on the distal periodontal tissue of their neighbors clinically, immunologically, and microbiologically. Study design This randomized controlled study comprised 100 patients who were allocated randomly to receive either a triangular flap or a modified triangular flap. The distal periodontal pocket depth, plaque index, bleeding on probing, the presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, and the level of interleukin-1β, interleukin-8 and matrix metalloproteinase-8 of adjacent second molars were measured at baseline, and 1, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Results After 1 and 4 weeks, distal periodontal conditions of adjacent second molars deteriorated, along with an increase in subgingival microbiota and inflammatory factors in both groups. And compared to the modified triangular flap group, the triangular flap group significantly increased (p < 0.05). Prevotella intermedia, interleukin-1β and probing depth were positively correlated in both groups. After 8 weeks, they returned to the preoperative level. Conclusions In this study, both flap designs for impacted mandibular third molar extractions was associated with worse clinical periodontal indices, increased inflammatory biomarkers of gingival crevicular fluid, and more subgingival pathogenic microbiota within 4 weeks. But compared with the triangular flap, the modified triangular flap was better for distal periodontal health of adjacent second molars, which provides certain directions for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, China
| | - Yongfeng Cheng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, China
| | - Si Xie
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, China
| | | | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Ren
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, China
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Chew RJJ, Tang YL, Lin XYS, Oh FJB, Sim RP, Anwar EJ, Preshaw PM, Tan KS. Toll-like receptor-4 activation by subgingival biofilm and periodontal treatment response. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2139-2147. [PMID: 36719505 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate longitudinally the activation of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) by subgingival biofilm samples before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty periodontitis patients received NSPT and were reviewed 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Subgingival biofilm was sampled from 4 teeth per patient, at baseline and each follow-up time point. TLR-4 activation was determined using the HEK-BLUE™/hTLR4 system. Changes in TLR-4 activation and probing pocket depths (PPDs) were evaluated using generalised linear models, and the association between TLR-4 activation and pocket reduction (defined as 6-month PPDs ≤ 3mm) was determined using generalised estimating equations. RESULTS At 6 months, the mean TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm samples was significantly reduced from 11.2AU (95%CI 7.1AU, 15.4AU) to 3.6AU (95%CI 2.3AU, 4.8AU, p < 0.001), paralleling significant reductions in mean PPDs at sampled sites. The response to NSPT was associated with longitudinal TLR-4 activation profiles, with significantly higher TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm obtained from sites that did not achieve pocket reduction, compared to sites at which pocket reduction was achieved. CONCLUSIONS The activation of TLR-4 by subgingival biofilm samples was reduced after NSPT, and this reduction was significantly associated with the clinical improvements (PPD reductions) at sampled sites. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrated an association between the longitudinal profile of TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm and periodontal treatment response. Longitudinal monitoring of TLR-4 activation by subgingival biofilm may potentially identify non-responsive sites, enabling targeted additional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Jie Jacob Chew
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Yi Ling Tang
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Xin Yi Sheena Lin
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Feng Jun Bryan Oh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Ruiqi Paul Sim
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Erica Jade Anwar
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore
| | - Philip M Preshaw
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Park Place, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK.
| | - Kai Soo Tan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore.
- Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore, National University of Singapore, 9 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119085, Singapore.
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Kumar G, Rajula MP, Rao KS, Ravishankar PL, Albar DH, Bahammam MA, Alamoudi A, Alzahrani KJ, Alsharif KF, Halawani IF, Alzahrani FM, Alnfiai MM, Baeshen HA, Patil S. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Blended Essential Oil and Chlorhexidine against Periodontal Pathogen ( P.gingivalis)-An In Vitro Study. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:625-629. [PMID: 37357480 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_787_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Essential oils (EOs) have a considerable amount of therapeutic and preventive effect in treating dental diseases due to their wider potential as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents. EOs like virgin coconut oil, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil thyme oil, and clove oil, when used in combination, may further have enhanced antimicrobial effects. However, limited information exists on the synergistic effect of these oils when used in combination, especially on the primary periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Aim The current study aims to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available EO on the periodontal pathogen, P. gingivalis, in comparison to chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and Methods Antimicrobial efficacy of EO and CHX was assessed at various concentrations against the periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis, by evaluating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results P. gingivalis was seen to be sensitive at a MIC of 100 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml concentration of the EO, which is regarded as the MIC of EO against P. gingivalis and CHX effectively inhibited microbial growth at 0.4 μg/ml. Conclusion A combination of EOs possesses a potent antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis, and the antibacterial efficacy increases with increasing concentration of EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kumar
- Department of Periodontology, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M P Rajula
- Department of Periodontology, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K S Rao
- Department of Periodontology, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P L Ravishankar
- Department of Periodontology, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D H Albar
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Bahammam
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University. Jeddah; Executive Presidency of Academic Affairs, Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alamoudi
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - K J Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - K F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - I F Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - F M Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Alnfiai
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Abdulziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UTAH, USA
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Saliem SS, Bede SY, Abdulkareem AA, Abdullah BH, Milward MR, Cooper PR. Gingival tissue samples from periodontitis patients demonstrate epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:247-255. [PMID: 36575609 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of key epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in gingival tissue samples collected from patients with periodontitis. BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a process responsible for shifting epithelial-phenotype to mesenchymal-phenotype leading to loss of epithelial-barrier function. Thus, EMT could be involved as a pathogenic mechanism in periodontitis as both conditions share common promoters and signalling pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gingival tissue samples were collected from patients with periodontitis (case) and healthy periodontium (control). Periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss were recorded. Paraffinized tissue samples were processed and immunohistochemically stained to determine the expression of key EMT markers which included E-cadherin, β-catenin, Snail1 and vimentin. RESULTS The majority of cases (n = 65, 72.2%) were diagnosed with periodontitis stage 3 or 4, grade b or c vs 25 (27.8%) subjects with intact healthy periodontium. Discontinuity of epithelium was detected in up to 80.9% of periodontitis cases associated with reduced number of epithelial layers as compared to controls. Immunohistochemical expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin and β-catenin) was significantly downregulated in periodontitis patients as compared with controls. Periodontitis cases exhibited significant upregulation of Snail1 expression. Furthermore, cytoplasmic vimentin (66.2%) and nuclear β-catenin (27.7%) were solely expressed in periodontally diseased tissues compared with control. Epithelial markers, E-cadherin and β-catenin, were significantly negatively correlated with increasing PPD, while vimentin showed positive correlation with this parameter. CONCLUSION There were marked downregulation of epithelial molecules and upregulation of mesenchymal markers in gingival tissues derived from periodontitis patients, suggesting expression of the EMT phenotype in the pathological epithelial lining of periodontal pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif S Saliem
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Salwan Y Bede
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | | | - Paul R Cooper
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Pellegrini G, Carmagnola D, Toma M, Rasperini G, Orioli M, Dellavia C. Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in current and recurrent periodontitis: A human study. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:422-432. [PMID: 36727611 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess if the endocannabinoid system is involved differently in patients with recurrent and non-recurrent periodontal disease and if in sites that have a predisposition for reactivation, levels of anandamide (AEA) change after periodontal therapy. BACKGROUND Periodontal disease (PD) may be due to a dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system. METHODS Periodontal patients were recruited, treated for PD and monitored. Gingival samples from these patients with recurrent (n = 10) and non-recurrent (n = 10) periodontal disease were harvested before and after treatment and compared to those of periodontally healthy (n = 10) subjects. Levels of CB1 and CB2, AEA and CBs receptor activation were assessed in healthy and inflamed samples using immunohistochemistry, chromatography and autoradiography. In healed sites, AEA levels were also assessed. RESULTS The number of CBs in inflamed sites of recurrent patients was significantly higher than in those with non-recurrent disease and also higher than those in healthy subjects. Inflamed sites of recurrent patients had significantly lower CBs receptor activation than those of healthy subjects. Levels of AEA in inflamed sites of non-recurrent patients were significantly higher than those found both in inflamed recurrent sites and in healthy sites. Otherwise, the amount of AEA in healthy subjects and recurrent inflamed sites was similar. After periodontal therapy, levels of AEA were significantly lower in both periodontal groups. In recurrent sites, they resulted significantly lower than in non-recurrent and even in healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS The endocannabinoid system seems involved differently in subjects with recurrent and non-recurrent periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pellegrini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Carmagnola
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marilisa Toma
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Rasperini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marica Orioli
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Dellavia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Takesh T, Goshtasbi A, Lin K, Yang SM, Wink C, Geisinger ML, Wilder-Smith P. Better living through chemistry? A randomized, double-blind controlled study evaluating the efficacy of plaque control and gingival health impacts of a novel stannous fluoride-containing gel. J Periodontol 2023; 94:509-518. [PMID: 35980316 PMCID: PMC10569749 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingivitis is a nonspecific inflammatory lesion in response to the accumulation of oral biofilm and is a necessary precursor to periodontitis. Enhanced oral hygiene practices are necessary to reverse gingivitis and a dentifrice that could provide significant clinical reductions in plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation would be desirable to treat gingivitis and potentially prevent progression to periodontitis. This clinical study aimed to investigate the effect of a novel stannous fluoride-containing dentifrice with 2.6% ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) as an antitartar agent to reduce Plaque Index (PI) and Gingival Index over a 3-month study period. METHODS This double-blind, randomized controlled clinical study evaluated plaque, gingival inflammation, and sulcular bleeding in patients using either a novel dental gel containing 0.454% stannous fluoride and 2.6% EDTA or a dentifrice with 0.24% sodium fluoride. Sixty subjects participated over a 3-month period. Co-primary endpoints were improvements in PI and Modified Gingival Index (mGI) from baseline values. No professional cleaning was performed during the study period. RESULTS All subjects in the study demonstrated statistically significant improvements in all measures of oral hygiene over the 3-month study period. Subjects using the novel dental gel showed statistically significantly greater reductions in PI (ΔPI) [(-1.43 ± 0.34; -0.49 ± 0.13) (p < 0.00001)], mGI (ΔmGI) [(-1.11 ± 0.22; -0.16 ± 0.12) (p < 0.00001)], and modified sulcular bleeding index (ΔmSBI) [(-1.15 ± 0.18; -0.20 ± 0.07) (p < 0.00001)]. CONCLUSIONS The novel dental gel demonstrated significant improvements in clinical parameters associated with gingivitis compared to a commercially available sodium fluoride dentifrice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thair Takesh
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Arezou Goshtasbi
- Concorde College of Dental Hygiene, Garden Grove, California, USA
| | - Kairong Lin
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Susan Meishan Yang
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Cherie Wink
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Concorde College of Dental Hygiene, Garden Grove, California, USA
| | | | - Petra Wilder-Smith
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Alghamdi B, Jeon HH, Ni J, Qiu D, Liu A, Hong JJ, Ali M, Wang A, Troka M, Graves DT. Osteoimmunology in Periodontitis and Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:128-146. [PMID: 36862360 PMCID: PMC10696608 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the role of the immune cells and their interaction with cells found in gingiva, periodontal ligament, and bone that leads to net bone loss in periodontitis or bone remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. RECENT FINDINGS Periodontal disease is one of the most common oral diseases causing inflammation in the soft and hard tissues of the periodontium and is initiated by bacteria that induce a host response. Although the innate and adaptive immune response function cooperatively to prevent bacterial dissemination, they also play a major role in gingival inflammation and destruction of the connective tissue, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone characteristic of periodontitis. The inflammatory response is triggered by bacteria or their products that bind to pattern recognition receptors that induce transcription factor activity to stimulate cytokine and chemokine expression. Epithelial, fibroblast/stromal, and resident leukocytes play a key role in initiating the host response and contribute to periodontal disease. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) experiments have added new insight into the roles of various cell types in the response to bacterial challenge. This response is modified by systemic conditions such as diabetes and smoking. In contrast to periodontitis, orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a sterile inflammatory response induced by mechanical force. Orthodontic force application stimulates acute inflammatory responses in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone stimulated by cytokines and chemokines that produce bone resorption on the compression side. On the tension side, orthodontic forces induce the production of osteogenic factors, stimulating new bone formation. A number of different cell types, cytokines, and signaling/pathways are involved in this complex process. Inflammatory and mechanical force-induced bone remodeling involves bone resorption and bone formation. The interaction of leukocytes with host stromal cells and osteoblastic cells plays a key role in both initiating the inflammatory events as well as inducing a cellular cascade that results in remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement or in tissue destruction in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Alghamdi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, 42353, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyeran Helen Jeon
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jia Ni
- Department of Periodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxu Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Alyssia Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Julie J Hong
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mamoon Ali
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Albert Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Michael Troka
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Dana T Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA.
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Recent Clinical Treatment and Basic Research on the Alveolar Bone. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030843. [PMID: 36979821 PMCID: PMC10044990 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The periodontal ligament is located between the bone (alveolar bone) and the cementum of the tooth, and it is connected by tough fibers called Sharpey’s fibers. To maintain healthy teeth, the foundation supporting the teeth must be healthy. Periodontal diseases, also known as tooth loss, cause the alveolar bone to dissolve. The alveolar bone, similar to the bones in other body parts, is repeatedly resorbed by osteoclasts and renewed by osteogenic cells. This means that an old bone is constantly being resorbed and replaced by a new bone. In periodontal diseases, the alveolar bone around the teeth is absorbed, and as the disease progresses, the alveolar bone shrinks gradually. In most cases, the resorbed alveolar bone does not return to its original form even after periodontal disease is cured. Gum covers the tooth surface so that it matches the shape of the resorbed alveolar bone, exposing more of the tooth surface than before, making the teeth look longer, leaving gaps between the teeth, and in some cases causing teeth to sting. Previously, the only treatment for periodontal diseases was to stop the disease from progressing further before the teeth fell out, and restoration to the original condition was almost impossible. However, a treatment method that can help in the regeneration of the supporting tissues of the teeth destroyed by periodontal diseases and the restoration of the teeth to their original healthy state as much as possible is introduced. Recently, with improvements in implant material properties, implant therapy has become an indispensable treatment method in dentistry and an important prosthetic option. Treatment methods and techniques, which are mainly based on experience, have gradually accumulated scientific evidence, and the number of indications for treatment has increased. The development of bone augmentation methods has contributed remarkably to the expansion of indications, and this has been made possible by various advances in materials science. The induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) cell technology for regenerating periodontal tissues, including alveolar bone, is expected to be applied in the treatment of diseases, such as tooth loss and periodontitis. This review focuses on the alveolar bone and describes clinical practice, techniques, and the latest basic research.
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Athanasopoulou K, Adamopoulos PG, Scorilas A. Unveiling the Human Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome: The Past, Present, and Future of Metagenomics. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030827. [PMID: 36979806 PMCID: PMC10045138 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 1014 symbiotic microorganisms are present in a healthy human body and are responsible for the synthesis of vital vitamins and amino acids, mediating cellular pathways and supporting immunity. However, the deregulation of microbial dynamics can provoke diverse human diseases such as diabetes, human cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. The human gastrointestinal tract constitutes a hospitable environment in which a plethora of microbes, including diverse species of archaea, bacteria, fungi, and microeukaryotes as well as viruses, inhabit. In particular, the gut microbiome is the largest microbiome community in the human body and has drawn for decades the attention of scientists for its significance in medical microbiology. Revolutions in sequencing techniques, including 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing and whole genome sequencing, facilitate the detection of microbiomes and have opened new vistas in the study of human microbiota. Especially, the flourishing fields of metagenomics and metatranscriptomics aim to detect all genomes and transcriptomes that are retrieved from environmental and human samples. The present review highlights the complexity of the gastrointestinal tract microbiome and deciphers its implication not only in cellular homeostasis but also in human diseases. Finally, a thorough description of the widely used microbiome detection methods is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Athanasopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis G Adamopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
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Yildirim Y, İnce İ, Gümüştaş B, Vardar Ö, Yakar N, Munjakovic H, Özdemir G, Emingil G. Development of doxycycline and atorvastatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for local delivery in periodontal disease. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Liu Y, Zhao Y, Zhu W, Han M, Mi F, Wang B. Comprehensive reparative effects of bacteriostatic poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) electrospinning membrane on alveolar bone defects in progressive periodontitis. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:513-525. [PMID: 36196879 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the loss of alveolar bone, among several studies focusing on reconstructing periodontal bone caused by periodontitis, guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a promising approach. In this study a serial clinically applied antibiotics loaded poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLGA/PLCA) fibrous mesh to prevent and reconstruct defective bone in periodontitis were prepared by electrospinning. Incorporation of antibiotics promoted the hydrophilicity but decreased the crystallinity of PLGA/PLCA membranes. Antibiotics could be sustained released from membranes. Metronidazole, minocycline, and doxycycline incorporated membranes could suppress Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) within 21 days in vitro. Metronidazole and minocycline incorporated membranes decreased 41% and 55.5% colony counts in rat gingival crevicular fluid in vivo. Minocycline-loaded membrane could support the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and maintained 79% viability of human ligament fibroblasts cultured on it. And MC3T3-E1 cells could undergo osteoblastic differentiation when cultured with pure PLGA/PLCA membrane and minocycline incorporated membrane. Then in vivo repairable effects of those antibiotics loaded membranes were evaluated in alveolar bone defected P. gingivalis infected model. The application of minocycline loaded membranes, effectively prevented the bone resorption of periodontitis caused by P. gingivalis. After been treated with minocycline incorporated membrane, volume of defected bone of maintained at about 50% level of control rats. 8 weeks post-operation, newly regenerated bone was observed in the operative alveolar bone of the pure PLGA/PLCA membrane, metronidazole and minocycline incorporated PLGA/PLCA membrane treated groups. Minocycline/PLGA/PLCA electrospinning membrane is a promising GBR material that can be applied to guide regeneration of periodontitis-induced alveolar bone damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Liu
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Wanchun Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Fanglin Mi
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Salivary bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein: A novel inflammatory marker associated with periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-04922-6. [PMID: 36805805 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present case-control study aims to investigate the salivary levels of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1ß) in systemically healthy individuals with periodontitis and periodontally healthy for the evaluation of BPI's relation with periodontal inflammation and clinical diagnosis of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 participants were enrolled in this study and divided into periodontitis (P group) (n = 50) and periodontally healthy (H group) (n = 50) groups based on their full-mouth periodontal examination results including plaque index, probing pocket depth, gingival index, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected. Salivary BPI and IL-1β levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created to determine the diagnostic value of BPI. RESULTS The levels of BPI and IL-1ß in saliva were significantly higher in the P group than in the H group (p<0.001). Moreover, salivary BPI and IL-1ß levels correlated significantly with all clinical periodontal parameters (all p<0.001). Interestingly, there was a strong positive correlation between salivary levels of BPI and IL-1ß (r=0.544, p<0.001). In addition, the results of the ROC curve analysis showed that BPI had a high diagnostic potential to distinguish periodontitis from healthy controls with an area under the curve value of 0.94% (p<0.000). CONCLUSION The significantly higher salivary levels of BPI in periodontitis patients together with strong positive correlations between all periodontal parameters and salivary IL-1ß levels suggest that BPI may be involved in the inflammatory process of periodontal disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present study for the first time report that salivary BPI levels may serve as a potential biomarker of inflammation in periodontal disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Thai Clinical Trials.gov (TCTR20211222008) (22 December 2021).
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