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Inci FH, Bakan G. The Relationship between Self-Efficacy of Older Patients and Caregiver Burden in Turkey. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 37:796-804. [PMID: 36227763 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2022.2134250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many factors affect the caregiver burden. However, there is no clear information about whether older patients' self-efficacy levels affect the caregiver burden. This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the self-efficacy of older patients and the caregiver burden in Turkey. This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted at a university hospital with a sample of patients and their family caregivers. The population of the study consisted of 163 older patients and their caregivers. Data were collected using the demographic data form, Self-Efficacy Scale, and Burden Interview. The self-efficacy of older patients was found to be the strongest predictor of the caregiver burden. Other significant predictors of the caregiver burden were the caregiver's degree of kinship with the patient, marital status of the caregiver, and the patient's duration of illness. This study determined that the predictor variables explained 28% of the total variance. The addition of applications that increase patient self-efficacy to the scope of the programs aimed at reducing the caregiver burden will increase the effectiveness of the programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadime Hatice Inci
- Public Health Nursing Department, Pamukkale University Faculty of Health Sciences, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gülcan Bakan
- Internal Medicine Nursing Department, Pamukkale University Faculty of Health Sciences, Denizli, Turkey
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Tyler DE, Lobban PF, Hadarag MB, Jones PS. A systematic review of psychosocial functioning and quality of life in older people with bipolar disorder. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022; 9:100371. [PMID: 35845859 PMCID: PMC9272766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF; Endicott et al., 1976) is the most widely used functioning measure used with older adults with bipolar disorder. Older adults with bipolar disorder demonstrate a wide range of functioning. No existing validated measure assessing the psychosocial functioning or quality of life of older people with BD could be identified. There is a significant lack of research in the area of older people with bipolar disorder compared to the younger population.
Background There is evidence to suggest that older people with Bipolar Disorder (BD) are more likely to demonstrate poor levels of functioning and score lower on well-being scales compared to non-clinical controls, even when in remission (Depp et al., 2006). To our knowledge, this is the first review paper to identify how quality of life and functioning has been measured in an older adult BD population. Methods We conducted a systematic review of studies including a quantitative measure of psychosocial functioning or quality of life and older people over the age of 50 with a formal diagnosis of BD I or II. Results Eleven studies (N = 726, mean age range 59.8 to 71.1) were included in the review, demonstrating a significant lack of research in the area compered to younger people with BD. The most commonly used measure of functioning was the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) and results indicated that older adults with BD demonstrate a wide range of functioning. Limitations The review used a comprehensive and systematic search strategy, however, very few eligible studies were available for review. The pooled analyses and reported means must be interpreted with caution due to the relatively small sample sizes. Conclusions Older people with BD present with a wide range of functioning, ranging ‘major impairment’ to ‘superior’ scores. No existing validated measure assessing the psychosocial functioning or quality of life of older people with BD could be identified. Such a tool should be developed for use in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dr Elizabeth Tyler
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Corresponding author.
| | - Professor Fiona Lobban
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - Professor Steven Jones
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Kheradmand A, AbediYekta AH, Safarzadeh H, Ganjalikhani M. Physical fitness in patients with bipolar disorder compared with a population-based sample. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e507. [PMID: 35155831 PMCID: PMC8827274 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate physical fitness and body composition in a sample including hospitalized patients with bipolar disorder and to compare them with a population-based sample. METHODS In this comparative observational study, 40 bipolar patients and 40 healthy subjects in Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2019 were assessed. The physical fitness items such as body mass index (BMI), body fat, push-up test, curl-up test, VO2 peak, and sit and reach test were compared across the groups. Young Mania Rating Scale for assessing the severity of bipolar disease and WHODAS2.0 for the estimation of global performance were done in the case group. RESULTS The results of this study demonstrate that sit and reach test, body mass index (BMI), and body fat percent were similar across the studied groups. The push-up test, curl-up test, and VO2 peak (P = .001) were significantly lower in the case group. In the case group, only the push-up test was associated with the severity of bipolar disorder and decreased performance. CONCLUSION Lower push-up and curl-up can indicate an increase in both back and neck pains in these patients. Low VO2 peak in these patients increases the risk of heart disease and mortality rates in bipolar patients. The push-up test can be used as a screen test to estimate the severity of the bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kheradmand
- Taleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amir Hossein AbediYekta
- Taleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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del-Pino-Casado R, Priego-Cubero E, López-Martínez C, Orgeta V. Subjective caregiver burden and anxiety in informal caregivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247143. [PMID: 33647035 PMCID: PMC7920375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that subjective caregiver burden is an important determinant of clinically significant anxiety in family carers. This meta-analysis aims to synthesise this evidence and investigate the relationship between subjective caregiver burden and anxiety symptoms in informal caregivers. We searched PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO up to January 2020. Combined estimates were obtained using a random-effects model. After screening of 4,312 articles, 74 studies (with 75 independent samples) were included. There was a large, positive association between subjective caregiver burden and anxiety symptoms (r = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.47, 0.54; I2 = 0.0%). No differences were found in subgroup analyses by type of study design (cross-sectional vs. longitudinal), sampling, control of confounders or care-recipient characteristics. Subjective caregiver burden is an important risk factor for anxiety in informal caregivers. Targeting subjective caregiver burden could be beneficial in preventing clinically significant anxiety for the increasing number of family carers worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael del-Pino-Casado
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Emilia Priego-Cubero
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain
| | - Catalina López-Martínez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain
| | - Vasiliki Orgeta
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ebrahim OS, Al-Attar GST, Gabra RH, Osman DMM. Stigma and burden of mental illness and their correlates among family caregivers of mentally ill patients. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2020; 95:31. [PMID: 33164132 PMCID: PMC7649189 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-020-00059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives Family caregivers play a curial role in supporting and caring for their mentally ill relatives. Their struggle for facing stigma and shouldering caregiving burden is marginalized, undervalued, and invisible to medical services. This study assessed the stigma and burden of mental illnesses, and their correlates among family caregivers of mentally ill patients. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 425 main family caregivers of mentally ill patients at Assiut University Hospital. A structured interview questionnaire was designed to collect socio-demographic data of both patients and their caregivers. Stigma scale for caregivers of people with mental illness (CPMI) was used to assess the affiliate stigma, while the associative stigma was assessed by the explanatory model interview catalogue stigma scale (EMIC-Stigma scale). The caregivers’ burden was assessed using Zarit burden Interview, and Modified Attitude toward Mental Illness Questionnaire was used to assess caregivers’ knowledge and attitude towards mental illness. Results Bipolar disorder (48%) and schizophrenia/other related psychotic disorders (42.8%) were the most common mental illnesses among the study patients. The mean scores of CPMI total scale, EMIC-Stigma scale, and Zarit Burden scale were 56.80 ± 7.99, 13.81 ± 5.42, and 55.20 ± 9.82, respectively. The significant correlates for affiliate stigma were being parents of patients (ß = 4.529, p < 0.001), having higher associate stigma (ß = 0.793, p < 0.001), and aggressive behavior of mentally ill patients (ß = 1.343, p = 0.038). The significant correlates for associate stigma of the study caregivers were being caregivers’ relatives other than parents (ß = 1.815, p = 0.006), having high affiliate stigma (ß = 0.431, p < 0.001), having poor knowledge and negative attitude towards mental illness (ß = − 0.158, p = 0.002), and aggressive behavior of mentally ill relatives (ß = 1.332, p = 0.005). The correlates for the high burden were being male (ß = 3.638, p = 0.006), non-educated caregiver (ß = 1.864, p = 0.045), having high affiliate stigma (ß = 0.467, p < 0.001), having high associative stigma (ß = 0.409, p < 0.001), having poor knowledge and negative attitude toward mental illness (ß = − 0.221, p = 0.021), seeking traditional healers and non-psychiatrist’s care from the start (ß = 2.378, p = 0.018), and caring after young mentally ill relatives (ß = − 0.136, p = 0.003). Conclusion The studied caregivers suffered from stigma and a high level of burden. Psycho-educational programs directed toward family caregivers are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnya S Ebrahim
- Department of Community, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt.
| | - Ghada S T Al-Attar
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Romany H Gabra
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doaa M M Osman
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Factors Associated with Marital Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Family Caregivers of Patients with Mental Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162825. [PMID: 31398793 PMCID: PMC6719212 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this research was to analyze factors associated with quality of life (QoL) and marital satisfaction in married family caregivers of patients with mental disorders. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in all community mental health services in Goiania municipality, Brazil, in 2016–2017. Married family caregivers of patients with severe and persistent mental disorders were recruited and their QoL and marital satisfaction was assessed by using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF) and Marital Satisfaction Scale. Multiple linear regressions were performed to identify factors associated with QoL and marital satisfaction. (3) Results: For 163 family caregivers, the psychological and environmental QoL domains presented the best and the worst scores, respectively. Factors independently associated with better QoL for caregivers were male caregiver, the younger age of a caregiver, >8 years of schooling, ≥5 years as a caregiver who performed physical activities, caregiver without chronic disease, and no patient’s crisis in the last 30 days. Factors independently associated with marital satisfaction of the caregiver were male caregiver, caregiver with >8 years of schooling, caregiver who received support by relatives to care for the patient, caregiver who performed physical activities, no patient’s crisis in the last 30 days, and patient hospitalization in the last six months; (4) Conclusions: The main predictor for marital satisfaction was support by relatives, and for QoL it was no patient’s crisis in the last 30 days.
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del-Pino-Casado R, Rodríguez Cardosa M, López-Martínez C, Orgeta V. The association between subjective caregiver burden and depressive symptoms in carers of older relatives: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217648. [PMID: 31141556 PMCID: PMC6541277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family carers are an important source of care for older people. Although several studies have reported that subjective caregiver burden is related to depressive symptoms there are no systematic reviews quantifying this association. OBJECTIVE To establish the extent to which subjective caregiver burden is associated with depressive symptoms and whether this association would vary by study or care characteristics. METHODS We searched major databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus and ISI Proceedings up to March 2018, and conducted a meta-analysis of included studies. Summary estimates of the association were obtained using a random-effects model to improve generalisation of findings. RESULTS After screening of 4,688 articles, 55 studies were included providing a total of 56 independent comparisons with a total of 9,847 carers from data across 20 countries. There was a large, positive association between subjective caregiver burden and depressive symptoms ([Formula: see text] = 0.514; 95% CI = 0.486, 0.541), with very low heterogeneity amongst individual studies (I2 = 8.6%). Sensitivity analyses showed no differences between cross-sectional or repeated measures ([Formula: see text] = 0.521; 95% CI = 0.491, 0.550; 51 samples) and longitudinal studies ([Formula: see text] = 0.454; 95% CI = 0.398, 0.508; 6 samples). We found a higher effect size for those caring for people living with dementia compared to those caring for frail older people, and stroke survivors. Carer sex, age and kinship did not change the estimate of the effect. CONCLUSIONS Subjective caregiver burden is a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms in carers of older people and may precipitate clinical depression. Those caring for people with dementia experience greater burden. There is a need for longitudinal evaluations examining the effects of potential mediators of the association of subjective burden and depressive symptoms. Future interventions should test whether minimizing subjective burden may modify the risk of developing depression in carers of older relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vasiliki Orgeta
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
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Moreira ACA, Silva MJD, Darder JJT, Coutinho JFV, Vasconcelos MIO, Marques MB. Effectiveness of an educational intervention on knowledge-attitude-practice of older adults' caregivers. Rev Bras Enferm 2018; 71:1055-1062. [PMID: 29924180 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the knowledge, attitude and practice of older adults' caregivers before and after an educational intervention in the domains of the care between caregiver and older adult, feeding, bathing, hygiene and mobility and transportation. METHOD Quasi-experimental study carried out with 82 caregivers, of which 34 participated in the intervention. Interviews were conducted through a knowledge, attitude and practice research on the older adults` care Results: The educational intervention led to improvements in knowledge, attitude and practice, with statistical significance of attitude (p <0.020) and practice (p <0.001), in the domain of the care between caregiver and older adult; knowledge (p <0.001) and practice (p <0.003) in feeding; Knowledge (p <0.001) and practice (p <0.001) in bathing and hygiene; and knowledge (p <0.001), attitude (p <0.001) and practice (p <0.001) in mobility and transportation. The analysis of the 34 caregivers who started and completed the study showed an improvement in attitude in most of the domains. CONCLUSION the educational intervention is an effective and viable strategy for older adults' caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Josefina da Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Juan José Tirado Darder
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marília Braga Marques
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Souza ALR, Guimarães RA, de Araújo Vilela D, de Assis RM, de Almeida Cavalcante Oliveira LM, Souza MR, Nogueira DJ, Barbosa MA. Factors associated with the burden of family caregivers of patients with mental disorders: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:353. [PMID: 29070012 PMCID: PMC5655908 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers are responsible for the home care of family members with mental-health disorders often experience changes in their life that can generate stress and burden. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the burden of caregivers of family members with mental disorders. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with a non-probability sample of family caregivers, whose patients attended a community services program, the Psychosocial Care Centers, in three cities in the southwest region of Goiás State, Central Brazil. Data collection took place from June 2014 to June 2015. The participants were 281 caregivers who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Bivariate analyses (t test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation) were performed, and variables with values of p < 0.10 and gender were included in a multiple-linear regression model. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS The caregivers were mostly female and parents of the patients, were married, with low education, and of low income. The mean ZBI score was 27.66. The factors independently associated with caregivers' burden were depression, being over 60 years of age, receiving no help with caregiving, recent patient crisis, contact days, and having other family members needing care. CONCLUSIONS This study identified factors that deserve the attention of community services and can guide programs, such as family psycho-education groups, which may help to minimize or prevent the effects of burden on family caregivers responsible for patients' home care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Rezende Souza
- Physiotherapy Course, Federal University of Goiás, Jataí, Goiás Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
- Physical Education Course, Federal University of Goiás, Jataí, Goiás Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves Guimarães
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mariana Rezende Souza
- Post Graduated Program in Social and Preventive Dentistry of the Faculty of Dentistry, Paulista State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Alves Barbosa
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
- Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
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