1
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Xue W, Tianrun W, Jiaqi Y, Xin L, Ruxue D, Peng Z. Bta-miR-149-3p suppresses inflammatory response in bovine Sertoli cells exposed to microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) through TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116636. [PMID: 38917588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the regulatory role of bta-miR-149-3p in the inflammatory response induced by microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) exposure in bovine Sertoli cells. The research endeavored to enhance the comprehension of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying MC-LR-induced cytotoxicity in Sertoli cells and establish a foundation for mitigating these effects in vitro. In this study, we elucidated the regulatory mechanism of bta-miR-149-3p in the MC-LR-induced inflammatory response by verifying the target gene of bta-miR-149-3p through luciferase assays and treating the cells with a bta-miR-149-3p inhibitor for 24 h. The results demonstrate that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) acts as a downstream target gene of bta-miR-149-3p, which inhibits the MC-LR-induced inflammatory response in bovine Sertoli cells. This inhibition occurs by regulating the downregulation of tight junction constitutive proteins of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) through the suppression of the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway (p < 0.05) and the up-regulation of the adhesion junction protein β-catenin (p < 0.05). Notably, MC-LR exposure resulted in the up-regulation (p < 0.05) of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and NLRP3) and the down-regulation (p < 0.05) of BTB tight junction constitutive proteins (ZO-1, Occludin) in Sertoli cells. Furthermore, the BTB constitutive protein ZO-1 exhibited significant down-regulation in Sertoli cells pretreated with the bta-miR-149-3p inhibitor compared to controls (p < 0.05), while Occludin showed no significant difference from CTNNB1 (p > 0.05). In summary, our findings suggest that bta-miR-149-3p suppresses the MC-LR-induced inflammatory response and alterations in the expression of BTB proteins in bovine Sertoli cells by inhibiting the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Wang Tianrun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yao Jiaqi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Deng Ruxue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Innovative Utilization of White Goose Germplasm Resources in the Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin, China.
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2
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Mandal A. The Focus on Core Genetic Factors That Regulate Hepatic Injury in Cattle Seems to be Important for the Dairy Sector’s Long-Term Development. Vet Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.108151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cattle during the perinatal period, as well as malnutrition, generate oxidative stress which leads to high culling rates of calves after calving across the world. Although metabolic diseases have such a negative impact on the welfare and economic value of dairy cattle, that becomes a serious industrial concern across the world. According to research, genetic factors have a role or controlling fat deposition in the liver by influencing the biological processes of hepatic lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, gluconeogenesis, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation, all of which contribute to hepatic damage. This review focuses on the critical regulatory mechanisms of VEGF, mTOR/AKT/p53, TNF-alpha, Nf-kb, interleukin, and antioxidants that regulate lipid peroxidation in the liver via direct or indirect pathways, suggesting that they could be a potential critical therapeutic target for hepatic disease.
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3
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Schiefermeier-Mach N, Perkhofer S, Heinrich L, Haller T. Stimulation of surfactant exocytosis in primary alveolar type II cells by A. fumigatus. Med Mycol 2021; 59:168-179. [PMID: 32459847 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen with small airborne spores (conidia) that may escape clearance by upper airways and directly impact the alveolar epithelium. Consequently, innate alveolar defense mechanisms are being activated, including professional phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages, recruitment of circulating neutrophils and probably enhanced secretion of pulmonary surfactant by the alveolar type II (AT II) cells. However, no data are available in support of the latter hypothesis. We therefore used a coculture model of GFP-Aspergillus conidia with primary rat AT II cells and studied fungal growth, cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and pulmonary surfactant exocytosis by live cell video microscopy. We observed all stages of fungal development, including reversible attachment, binding and internalization of conidia as well as conidial swelling, formation of germ tubes and outgrowth of hyphae. In contrast to resting conidia, which did not provoke immediate cellular effects, metabolically active conidia, fungal cellular extracts (CE) and fungal culture filtrates (CF) prepared from swollen conidia caused a Ca2+-independent exocytosis. Ca2+ signals of greatly varying delays, durations and amplitudes were observed by applying CE or CF obtained from hyphae of A. fumigatus, suggesting compounds secreted by filamentous A. fumigatus that severely interfere with AT II cell Ca2+ homeostasis. The mechanisms underlying the stimulatory effects, with respect to exocytosis and Ca2+ signaling, are unclear and need to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Perkhofer
- FH Gesundheit, Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innrain 98, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lea Heinrich
- FH Gesundheit, Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innrain 98, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Haller
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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4
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Cong L, Xie X, Liu S, Xiang L, Zhang Y, Cao J, Fu X. 7-Difluoromethoxy-5,4'-dimethoxy-genistein attenuates macrophages apoptosis to promote plaque stability via TIPE2/TLR4 axis in high fat diet-fed ApoE -/- mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107477. [PMID: 33813367 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Promoting plaque stability is of great significance for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. 7-difluoromethoxy-5,4'-dimethoxygenistein (DFMG) is a novel active compound synthesized using genistein, which exerts anti-atherosclerotic effect. In this study, we evaluated effects of DFMG on plaque stability in ApoE-/- mice fed with high fat diet (HFD), and explored the molecular mechanism by using ApoE-/-TLR4-/- mice and RAW264.7 cells. Here, we found that DFMG significantly reduced plaque areas, macrophages infiltration and apoptosis, and TLR4 expression in HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice. Meanwhile, DFMG increased collagen fibers, smooth muscle cells and TIPE2 expression in plaques and media. Besides, TLR4 knockout promoted the protective effects of DFMG on plaques. In vitro, DFMG decreased lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced macrophages apoptosis and TLR4, while upregulated TIPE2. Moreover, TIPE2 reduced TLR4, MyD88, p-NF-κB p65Ser276, cleaved Caspase-3 overproduction, and enhanced effects of DFMG on LPC-induced macrophages. Overall, our study demonstrates that DFMG can promote plaque stability by reducing macrophage apoptosis through TIPE2/TLR4 signaling pathway, which suggests DFMG should be used to develop food additives or drugs for preventing atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cong
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha 410013, China; School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Liping Xiang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
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5
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Yu Z, Wang T, Zhang L, Yang X, Li Q, Ding X. WISP1 and TLR4 on Macrophages Contribute to Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury. Inflammation 2021; 43:425-432. [PMID: 32130574 PMCID: PMC7170822 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Injurious mechanical ventilation has been shown to directly affect pulmonary and systemic immune responses. How these responses propagate or attenuate remains unknown. The goal of this study was to further determine whether toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) could contribute to injurious mechanical ventilation, especially focusing on the role of macrophages during experimental ventilator-induced lung injury. A prospective, randomized, and controlled animal study was designed, and male, wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice, TLR4 knockout (TLR4-/-), and lyzTLR4 knockout (lyzTLR4-/-) mice aging 8~12 weeks were used. Animals were anesthetized and randomized to spontaneous breathing (SB) group or to high tidal volume (VT, 20 ml/kg) mechanical ventilation (HTV) group. Histological evaluation, alveolar-capillary permeability of Evan's blue albumin (EBA), WISP1 protein levels, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) concentrations were analyzed. HTV group was associated with a significant increase of WISP1 and EBA ratio in C57BL/6 mice, a significant decrease of WISP1 protein levels, and a significant decrease of IL-6, MIP-2 in plasma, and BALF concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in TLR4-/- and lyzTLR4-/- knockout mice. In TLR4-/- mice and lyzTLR4-/- mice, there were also significant differences between SB group and HTV group in terms of H&E score and EBA ratio and level of pro-inflammation cytokines. The entire TLR4-targeted mice could further improve various inflammatory changes and damages when compared with lyzTLR4-targeted mice. What is more, TLR4-/- mice and lyzTLR4-/- mice reacted differently to rWISP1 and/or BMMC treated. TLR4-/- mice had no response to rWISP1, while lyzTLR4-/- mice still showed drastic response to both treatments. TLR4 and WISP1, especially the former one, on macrophages could contribute to releasing of pro-inflammatory cytokines during ventilator-induced lung injury. Injurious mechanical ventilation may result in an immune response which is similar to that of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaohu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xibing Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Doskaliuk B, Zaiats L, Yatsyshyn R, Gerych P, Cherniuk N, Zimba O. Pulmonary involvement in systemic sclerosis: exploring cellular, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Rheumatol Int 2020; 40:1555-1569. [PMID: 32715342 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04658-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease characterized by immune inflammation, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. There are still numerous uncertainties in the understanding of disease initiation and progression. Pulmonary involvement in SSc, and particularly pulmonary fibrosis, is critical for all organ systems affections in this disease. This review is aimed to describe and analyze new findings in the pathophysiology of SSc-associated pulmonary involvement and to explore perspective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. A myriad of cellular interactions is explored in the dynamics of progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in SSc. The role of exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies is examined and the impact of micro and long non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histone modification in SSc is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdana Doskaliuk
- Academician Ye. M. Neiko Department of Internal Medicine #1, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. .,Department of Pathophysiology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Halytska Str. 2, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76000, Ukraine.
| | - Liubomyr Zaiats
- Department of Pathophysiology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Halytska Str. 2, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76000, Ukraine
| | - Roman Yatsyshyn
- Academician Ye. M. Neiko Department of Internal Medicine #1, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Petro Gerych
- Academician Ye. M. Neiko Department of Internal Medicine #1, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Cherniuk
- Academician Ye. M. Neiko Department of Internal Medicine #1, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Olena Zimba
- Department of Internal Medicine #2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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7
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Nosaka N, Martinon D, Moreira D, Crother TR, Arditi M, Shimada K. Autophagy Protects Against Developing Increased Lung Permeability and Hypoxemia by Down Regulating Inflammasome Activity and IL-1β in LPS Plus Mechanical Ventilation-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Front Immunol 2020; 11:207. [PMID: 32117318 PMCID: PMC7033480 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting inflammasome activation to modulate interleukin (IL)-1β is a promising treatment strategy against acute respiratory distress syndrome and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Autophagy is a key regulator of inflammasome activation in macrophages. Here, we investigated the role of autophagy in the development of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mechanical ventilation (MV). Two hours before starting MV, 0.2 mg/kg LPS was administered to mice intratracheally. Mice were then placed on high-volume MV (30 ml/kg with 3 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure for 2.5 h without additional oxygen application). Mice with myeloid-specific deletion of the autophagic protein ATG16L1 (Atg16l1fl/flLysMCre) suffered severe hypoxemia (adjusted p < 0.05) and increased lung permeability (p < 0.05, albumin level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) with significantly higher IL-1β release into alveolar space (p < 0.05). Induction of autophagy by fasting-induced starvation led to improved arterial oxygenation (adjusted p < 0.0001) and lung permeability (p < 0.05), as well as significantly suppressed IL-1β production (p < 0.01). Intratracheal treatment with anti-mouse IL-1β monoclonal antibody (mAb; 2.5 mg/kg) significantly improved arterial oxygenation (adjusted p < 0.01) as well as lung permeability (p < 0.05). On the other hand, deletion of IL-1α gene or use of anti-mouse IL-1α mAb (2.5 mg/kg) provided no significant protection, suggesting that the LPS and MV-induced ALI is primarily dependent on IL-1β, but independent of IL-1α. These observations suggest that autophagy has a protective role in controlling inflammasome activation and production of IL-1β, which plays a critical role in developing hypoxemia and increased lung permeability in LPS plus MV-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Nosaka
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daisy Martinon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Debbie Moreira
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Timothy R Crother
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kenichi Shimada
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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8
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Adegoke EO, Wang C, Machebe NS, Wang X, Wang H, Adeniran SO, Zhang H, Zheng P, Zhang G. Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) induced inflammatory response in bovine sertoli cell via TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 63:115-126. [PMID: 30212741 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sertoli cells were treated with 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 μg/L of MC-LR to investigate its toxic effects, mechanism of action and immune response of the cells. Our results revealed that treatment containing 20 μg/L of MC-LR was non-toxic to the cells. Treatments containing 40, 60 and 80 μg/L of MC-LR reduced the cell viability, induced nuclear morphological changes and downregulated the blood-testis barrier constituent proteins within 48 h after treatment. The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) were activated and significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated in cells treated with 40, 60 and 80 μg/L of MC-LR compared to the control. The pro-inflammatory cytokines were upregulated within 48 h after treatment. However commencing from 72 h, upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and expression of blood-testis barrier constituent proteins was observed. This study indicates that MC-LR induced inflammatory response in bovine Sertoli cell via activation of TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Adegoke
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - N S Machebe
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - S O Adeniran
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guixue Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
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9
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Tsiplakou E, Mavrommatis A, Skliros D, Sotirakoglou K, Flemetakis E, Zervas G. The effects of dietary supplementation with rumen-protected amino acids on the expression of several genes involved in the immune system of dairy sheep. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:1437-1449. [PMID: 30043476 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids might be a tool to transform animals from a pro- to an anti-inflammatory phenotype through the downregulation of several genes (TLR-4, NF-κB, TNFa, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, CCL-5 and CXCL-16) whose expression increases during inflammation. To examine this possibility, each of sixty Chios dairy sheep was assigned to one of the following five dietary treatments: A: basal diet (control group); B: basal diet +6.0 g/head rumen-protected methionine (MetaSmart™ ); C: basal diet +5.0 g/head rumen-protected lysine (LysiGEM™ ); D: basal diet +6.0 g/head MetaSmart™ + 5.0 g/head LysiGEM™ ; and E: basal diet +12.0 g/head MetaSmart™ + 5.0 g/head LysiGEM. The results showed a significant downregulation in the expression of the TLR-4 gene in both the macrophages and the neutrophils of ewes fed rumen-protected amino acids. Significantly lower mRNA transcript accumulation was also observed for the TNFa, IL-1β and CXCL-16 genes in the macrophages and for the IL-1β gene in the neutrophils of ewes supplemented with amino acids. The ewes that received dietary supplementation with rumen-protected lysine alone (C) had significantly lower CCL-5 transcript levels in their macrophages than the ewes fed the other supplemented diets. Diet D enhanced the mRNA expression of the IL-2 gene in ewe neutrophils. Negative correlations were found between: a. TLR-4, TNFa, IL-1β and CXCL-16 gene expression in macrophages and the milk fat and total solids content; b. CCL-5 gene expression in neutrophils and the milk yield and FCM(6%) ; and c. CXCL-16 gene expression and the milk protein content. Moreover, positive correlations were found between the BHBA concentration and the expression of the TLR-4 and CXCL-16 genes in macrophages. In conclusion, the rumen-protected amino acids improved sheep metabolism (as indicated by reduced blood BHBA and urea concentrations), milk chemical composition and immune system function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Tsiplakou
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Mavrommatis
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Skliros
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Sotirakoglou
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Zervas
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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10
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Chang J, Xia Y, Wasserloos K, Deng M, Blose KJ, Vorp DA, Turnquist HR, Billiar TR, Pitt BA, Zhang MZ, Zhang LM. Cyclic stretch induced IL-33 production through HMGB1/TLR-4 signaling pathway in murine respiratory epithelial cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184770. [PMID: 28898270 PMCID: PMC5595336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 33 (IL-33), an inflammatory and mechanically responsive cytokine, is an important component of a TLR4-dependent innate immune process in mucosal epithelium. Although TLR4 also plays a role in sensing biomechanical stretch, a pathway of stretch-induced TLR4-dependent IL-33 biosynthesis has not been revealed. In the current study, we show that short term (6 h) cyclic stretch (CS) of cultured murine respiratory epithelial cells (MLE-12) increased intracellular IL-33 expression in a TLR4 dependent fashion. There was no detectable IL-33 in conditioned media in this interval. CS, however, increased release of the notable alarmin, HMGB1, and a neutralizing antibody (2G7) to HMGB1 completely abolished the CS mediated increase in IL-33. rHMGB1 increased IL-33 synthesis and this was partially abrogated by silencing TLR4 suggesting additional receptors for HMGB1 are involved in its regulation of IL-33. Collectively, these data reveal a HMGB1/TLR4/IL-33 pathway in the response of respiratory epithelium to mechanical stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yuefeng Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Karla Wasserloos
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Meihong Deng
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kory J. Blose
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - David A. Vorp
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Heth R. Turnquist
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Timothy R. Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Pitt
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ma-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (MZZ); (LMZ)
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MZZ); (LMZ)
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11
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Rentzsch I, Santos CL, Huhle R, Ferreira JMC, Koch T, Schnabel C, Koch E, Pelosi P, Rocco PRM, Gama de Abreu M. Variable stretch reduces the pro-inflammatory response of alveolar epithelial cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182369. [PMID: 28813446 PMCID: PMC5557541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation has the potential to increase inflammation in both healthy and injured lungs. Several animal studies have shown that variable ventilation recruits the lungs and reduces inflammation. However, it is unclear which cellular mechanisms are involved in those findings. We hypothesized that variable stretch of LPS-stimulated alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to non-variable stretch. AECs were subjected to non-variable or variable cyclic stretch (sinusoidal pattern), with and without LPS stimulation. The expression and release of interleukin-6, CXCL-2 and CCL-2 mRNA were analyzed after 4 hours. The phosphorylation of the MAPKs ERK1/2 and SAPK/JNK was determined by Western Blot analysis at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 min of cyclic stretch. In LPS-stimulated AECs, variable cyclic cell stretching led to reduced cytokine expression and release compared to non-variable cell stretching. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of the MAPK ERK1/2 was increased after 30 minutes in non-variable stretched AECs, whereas variable stretched cells demonstrated only the non-stretched level of phosphorylation. After the 4h period of cyclic cell stretch and inhibition of the ERK1/2, but not the SAPK/JNK, signaling pathway, the gene expression of investigated cytokines increased in variable stretched, and decreased in non-variable stretched AECs. We conclude that in LPS-stimulated AECs, variable stretch reduced the pro-inflammatory response compared to non-variable stretch. This effect was mediated by the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and might partly explain the findings of reduced lung inflammation during mechanical ventilation modes that enhance breath-by-breath variability of the respiratory pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Rentzsch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cíntia L. Santos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robert Huhle
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jorge M. C. Ferreira
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thea Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Schnabel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edmund Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, AOU IRCCS San Martino –IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gama de Abreu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, Pulmonary Engineering Group, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail:
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12
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Lakshmi R, Jayavardhanan KK, Aravindakshan TV. Characterization of promoter sequence of toll-like receptor genes in Vechur cattle. Vet World 2016; 9:626-32. [PMID: 27397987 PMCID: PMC4937055 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.626-632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To analyze the promoter sequence of toll-like receptor (TLR) genes in Vechur cattle, an indigenous breed of Kerala with the sequence of Bos taurus and access the differences that could be attributed to innate immune responses against bovine mastitis. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from Jugular vein of Vechur cattle, maintained at Vechur cattle conservation center of Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, using an acid-citrate-dextrose anticoagulant. The genomic DNA was extracted, and polymerase chain reaction was carried out to amplify the promoter region of TLRs. The amplified product of TLR2, 4, and 9 promoter regions was sequenced by Sanger enzymatic DNA sequencing technique. Results: The sequence of promoter region of TLR2 of Vechur cattle with the B. taurus sequence present in GenBank showed 98% similarity and revealed variants for four sequence motifs. The sequence of the promoter region of TLR4 of Vechur cattle revealed 99% similarity with that of B. taurus sequence but not reveals significant variant in motifregions. However, two heterozygous loci were observed from the chromatogram. Promoter sequence of TLR9 gene also showed 99% similarity to B. taurus sequence and revealed variants for four sequence motifs. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that significant variation in the promoter of TLR2 and 9 genes in Vechur cattle breed and may potentially link the influence the innate immunity response against mastitis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lakshmi
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - K K Jayavardhanan
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - T V Aravindakshan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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13
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Ding S, Wang W, Wang X, Liang Y, Liu L, Ye Y, Yang J, Gao H, Zhuge Q. Dopamine Burden Triggers Neurodegeneration via Production and Release of TNF-α from Astrocytes in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5324-43. [PMID: 26433377 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA)-induced learning and memory impairment is well documented in minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), but the contribution of DA to neurodegeneration and the involved underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, the effect of DA on neuronal apoptosis was initially detected. The results showed that MHE/DA (10 μg)-treated rats displayed neuronal apoptosis. However, we found that DA (10 μM) treatment did not induce evident apoptosis in primary cultured neurons (PCNs) but did produce TNF-α in primary cultured astrocytes (PCAs). Furthermore, co-cultures between PCAs and PCNs exposed to DA exhibited increased astrocytic TNF-α levels and neuronal apoptosis compared with co-cultures exposed to the vehicle, indicating the attribution of the neuronal apoptosis to astrocytic TNF-α. We also demonstrated that DA enhanced TNF-α production from astrocytes by activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, and secreted astrocytic TNF-α-potentiated neuronal apoptosis through inactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Overall, the findings from this study suggest that DA stimulates substantial production and secretion of astrocytic TNF-α, consequently and indirectly triggering progressive neurodegeneration, resulting in cognitive decline and memory loss in MHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidan Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disease Research, Department of Surgery Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikan Wang
- Neurosurgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disease Research, Department of Surgery Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disease Research, Department of Surgery Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Leping Liu
- Analytical and Testing Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Ye
- School of Information and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjing Yang
- Neurosurgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- Neurosurgery Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Maher TM, Piper A, Song Y, Restrepo MI, Eves ND. Year in review 2014: Interstitial lung disease, physiology, sleep and ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis and rare lung disease. Respirology 2015; 20:834-845. [PMID: 25824415 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toby M Maher
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
- Fibrosis Research Group, Centre for Leukocyte Biology, National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Amanda Piper
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Circadian Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, and Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Marcos I Restrepo
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Neil D Eves
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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15
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Castillo RL, Carrasco Loza R, Romero-Dapueto C. Pathophysiological Approaches of Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome: Novel Bases for Study of Lung Injury. Open Respir Med J 2015; 9:83-91. [PMID: 26312099 PMCID: PMC4541465 DOI: 10.2174/1874306401509010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental approaches have been implemented to research the lung damage related-mechanism. These models show in animals pathophysiological events for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), such as neutrophil activation, reactive oxygen species burst, pulmonary vascular hypertension, exudative edema, and other events associated with organ dysfunction. Moreover, these approaches have not reproduced the clinical features of lung damage. Lung inflammation is a relevant event in the develop of ARDS as component of the host immune response to various stimuli, such as cytokines, antigens and endotoxins. In patients surviving at the local inflammatory states, transition from injury to resolution is an active mechanism regulated by the immuno-inflammatory signaling pathways. Indeed, inflammatory process is regulated by the dynamics of cell populations that migrate to the lung, such as neutrophils and on the other hand, the role of the modulation of transcription factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources, such as nuclear factor kappaB and NADPH oxidase. These experimental animal models reproduce key components of the injury and resolution phases of human ALI/ARDS and provide a methodology to explore mechanisms and potential new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Castillo
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - R Carrasco Loza
- Departamento de Medicina, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital del Salvador, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Romero-Dapueto
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Wu J, Li L, Sun Y, Huang S, Tang J, Yu P, Wang G. Altered molecular expression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in mammary tissue of Chinese Holstein cattle with mastitis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118458. [PMID: 25706977 PMCID: PMC4338248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated activation of the nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by mastitis initiates expression of genes associated with inflammation and the innate immune response. In this study, the profile of mastitis-induced differential gene expression in the mammary tissue of Chinese Holstein cattle was investigated by Gene-Chip microarray and bioinformatics. The microarray results revealed that 79 genes associated with the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway were differentially expressed. Of these genes, 19 were up-regulated and 29 were down-regulated in mastitis tissue compared to normal, healthy tissue. Statistical analysis of transcript and protein level expression changes indicated that 10 genes, namely TLR4, MyD88, IL-6, and IL-10, were up-regulated, while, CD14, TNF-α, MD-2, IL-β, NF-κB, and IL-12 were significantly down-regulated in mastitis tissue in comparison with normal tissue. Analyses using bioinformatics database resources, such as the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and the Gene Ontology Consortium (GO) for term enrichment analysis, suggested that these differently expressed genes implicate different regulatory pathways for immune function in the mammary gland. In conclusion, our study provides new evidence for better understanding the differential expression and mechanisms of the TLR4 /NF-κB signaling pathway in Chinese Holstein cattle with mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Genlin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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