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Bulgakov VP. Chromatin modifications and memory in regulation of stress-related polyphenols: finding new ways to control flavonoid biosynthesis. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38697923 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2336529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The influence of epigenetic factors on plant defense responses and the balance between growth and defense is becoming a central area in plant biology. It is believed that the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites can be regulated by epigenetic factors, but this is not associated with the formation of a "memory" to the previous biosynthetic status. This review shows that some epigenetic effects can result in epigenetic memory, which opens up new areas of research in secondary metabolites, in particular flavonoids. Plant-controlled chromatin modifications can lead to the generation of stress memory, a phenomenon through which information regarding past stress cues is retained, resulting in a modified response to recurring stress. How deeply are the mechanisms of chromatin modification and memory generation involved in the control of flavonoid biosynthesis? This article collects available information from the literature and interactome databases to address this issue. Visualization of the interaction of chromatin-modifying proteins with the flavonoid biosynthetic machinery is presented. Chromatin modifiers and "bookmarks" that may be involved in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis through memory have been identified. Through different mechanisms of chromatin modification, plants can harmonize flavonoid metabolism with: stress responses, developmental programs, light-dependent processes, flowering, and longevity programs. The available information points to the possibility of developing chromatin-modifying technologies to control flavonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Bulgakov
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
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2
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Shao Z, Bai Y, Huq E, Qiao H. LHP1 and INO80 cooperate with ethylene signaling for warm ambient temperature response by activating specific bivalent genes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.01.583049. [PMID: 38496578 PMCID: PMC10942398 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.583049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Ethylene signaling has been indicated as a potential positive regulator of plant warm ambient temperature response but its underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we show that LHP1 and INO80 cooperate with ethylene signaling for warm ambient temperature response by activating specific bivalent genes. We found that the presence of warm ambient temperature activates ethylene signaling through EIN2 and EIN3, leading to an interaction between LHP1 and accumulated EIN2-C to co-regulate a subset of LHP1-bound genes marked by H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 bivalency. Furthermore, we demonstrate that INO80 is recruited to bivalent genes by interacting with EIN2-C and EIN3, promoting H3K4me3 enrichment and facilitating transcriptional activation in response to warm ambient temperature. Together, our findings illustrate a novel mechanism wherein ethylene signaling orchestrates LHP1 and INO80 to regulate warm ambient temperature response through activating specific bivalent genes in Arabidopsis.
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Yin X, Liu Y, Zhao H, Su Q, Zong J, Zhu X, Bao Y. GhCOL2 Positively Regulates Flowering by Activating the Transcription of GhHD3A in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10727-3. [PMID: 38436815 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved sophisticated signaling networks to adjust flowering time, ensuring successful reproduction. Two crucial flowering regulators, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and CONSTANS (CO), play pivotal roles in regulating flowering across various species. Previous studies have indicated that suppressing Gossypium hirsutum CONSTANS-LIKE 2 (GhCOL2), a homolog of Arabidopsis CO, leads to delayed flowering in cultivated cotton. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, a yeast one-hybrid and dual-LUC expression assays were used to elucidate the molecular mechanism through which GhCOL2 regulates the transcription of GhHD3A. RT-qPCR was used to examine the expression of GhCOL2 and GhHD3A. Our findings reveal that GhCOL2 directly binds to CCACA cis-elements and atypical CORE (TGTGTATG) cis-elements in the promoter regions of HEADING DATE 3 A (HD3A), thereby activating GhHD3A transcription. Notably, GhCOL2 and GhHD3A exhibited high expression levels in the adult stage and low levels in the juvenile stage. Interestingly, the expression of GhCOL2 and GhHD3A varied significant between the two cotton varieties (Tx2094 and Maxxa). In summary, our study enhances the understanding of the molecular mechanism by which cotton GhCOL2-GhHD3A regulates flowering at the molecular level. Furthermore, it contributes to a broader comprehension of the GhCOL2-GhHD3A model in G. hirsutum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Su
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Zong
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xueying Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Bao
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
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Mahmood T, He S, Abdullah M, Sajjad M, Jia Y, Ahmar S, Fu G, Chen B, Du X. Epigenetic insight into floral transition and seed development in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111926. [PMID: 37984609 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal changes are crucial in shifting the developmental stages from the vegetative phase to the reproductive phase in plants, enabling them to flower under optimal conditions. Plants grown at different latitudes sense and interpret these seasonal variations, such as changes in day length (photoperiod) and exposure to cold winter temperatures (vernalization). These environmental factors influence the expression of various genes related to flowering. Plants have evolved to stimulate a rapid response to environmental conditions through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Multiple epigenetic regulation systems have emerged in plants to interpret environmental signals. During the transition to the flowering phase, changes in gene expression are facilitated by chromatin remodeling and small RNAs interference, particularly in annual and perennial plants. Key flowering regulators, such as FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), interact with various factors and undergo chromatin remodeling in response to seasonal cues. The Polycomb silencing complex (PRC) controls the expression of flowering-related genes in photoperiodic flowering regulation. Under vernalization-dependent flowering, FLC acts as a potent flowering suppressor by downregulating the gene expression of various flower-promoting genes. Eventually, PRCs are critically involved in the regulation of FLC and FT locus interacting with several key genes in photoperiod and vernalization. Subsequently, PRCs also regulate Epigenetical events during gametogenesis and seed development as a driving force. Furthermore, DNA methylation in the context of CHG, CG, and CHH methylation plays a critical role in embryogenesis. DNA glycosylase DME (DEMETER) is responsible for demethylation during seed development. Thus, the review briefly discusses flowering regulation through light signaling, day length variation, temperature variation and seed development in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Mahmood
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shoupu He
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yinhua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China
| | - Sunny Ahmar
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Guoyong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China
| | - Baojun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xiongming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China.
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Zhang B, Feng M, Zhang J, Song Z. Involvement of CONSTANS-like Proteins in Plant Flowering and Abiotic Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16585. [PMID: 38068908 PMCID: PMC10706179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of flowering in plants is a pivotal stage in their life cycle, and the CONSTANS-like (COL) protein family, known for its photoperiod sensing ability, plays a crucial role in regulating plant flowering. Over the past two decades, homologous genes of COL have been identified in various plant species, leading to significant advancements in comprehending their involvement in the flowering pathway and response to abiotic stress. This article presents novel research progress on the structural aspects of COL proteins and their regulatory patterns within transcription complexes. Additionally, we reviewed recent information about their participation in flowering and abiotic stress response, aiming to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the functions of COL proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (B.Z.); (M.F.); (J.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Minghui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (B.Z.); (M.F.); (J.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (B.Z.); (M.F.); (J.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Zhangqiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (B.Z.); (M.F.); (J.Z.)
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6
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Zhang C, Jian M, Li W, Yao X, Tan C, Qian Q, Hu Y, Liu X, Hou X. Gibberellin signaling modulates flowering via the DELLA-BRAHMA-NF-YC module in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:3470-3484. [PMID: 37294919 PMCID: PMC10473208 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellin (GA) plays a key role in floral induction by activating the expression of floral integrator genes in plants, but the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Here, we show that BRAHMA (BRM), a core subunit of the chromatin-remodeling SWItch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex that functions in various biological processes by regulating gene expression, is involved in GA-signaling-mediated flowering via the formation of the DELLA-BRM-NF-YC module in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). DELLA, BRM, and NF-YC transcription factors interact with one another, and DELLA proteins promote the physical interaction between BRM and NF-YC proteins. This impairs the binding of NF-YCs to SOC1, a major floral integrator gene, to inhibit flowering. On the other hand, DELLA proteins also facilitate the binding of BRM to SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1). The GA-induced degradation of DELLA proteins disturbs the DELLA-BRM-NF-YC module, prevents BRM from inhibiting NF-YCs, and decreases the DNA-binding ability of BRM, which promote the deposition of H3K4me3 on SOC1 chromatin, leading to early flowering. Collectively, our findings show that BRM is a key epigenetic partner of DELLA proteins during the floral transition. Moreover, they provide molecular insights into how GA signaling coordinates an epigenetic factor with a transcription factor to regulate the expression of a flowering gene and flowering in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Mingyang Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weijun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiani Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cuirong Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Qian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yilong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingliang Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Prominent Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Zhao H, Chen Y, Liu J, Wang Z, Li F, Ge X. Recent advances and future perspectives in early-maturing cotton research. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1100-1114. [PMID: 36352520 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cotton's fundamental requirements for long periods of growth and specific seasonal temperatures limit the global arable areas that can be utilized to cultivate cotton. This constraint can be alleviated by breeding for early-maturing varieties. By delaying the sowing dates without impacting the boll-opening time, early-maturing varieties not only mitigate the yield losses brought on by unfavorable weathers in early spring and late autumn but also help reducing the competition between cotton and other crops for arable land, thereby optimizing the cropping system. This review presents studies and breeding efforts for early-maturing cotton, which efficiently pyramid early maturity, high-quality, multiresistance traits, and suitable plant architecture by leveraging pleiotropic genes. Attempts are also made to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying early maturation, which involves many pathways such as epigenetic, circadian clock, and hormone signaling pathways. Moreover, new avenues and effective measures are proposed for fine-scale breeding of early-maturing crops to ensure the healthy development of the agricultural industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Sanya Institute, Zhengzhou University, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
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Meng Y, Wang C, Li Q, Ji W, Wen J, Mysore KS, Pei Y, Niu L, Lin H. DPB3 and DPB4 proteins regulate Medicago flowering and leaf anthocyanin biosynthesis. J Genet Genomics 2023:S1673-8527(23)00022-X. [PMID: 36693566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Meng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chongnan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Wenkai Ji
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Yanxi Pei
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Lifang Niu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hao Lin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Yun HR, Chen C, Kim JH, Kim HE, Karthik S, Kim HJ, Chung YS, Baek HS, Sung S, Kim HU, Heo JB. Genome-edited HEADING DATE 3a knockout enhances leaf production in Perilla frutescens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133518. [PMID: 37077633 PMCID: PMC10108627 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Environmental cues regulate the transition of many plants from vegetative to flowering development. Day length, or photoperiod, is one cue that synchronizes flowering by changing seasons. Consequently, the molecular mechanism of flowering control is prominent in Arabidopsis and rice, where essential genes like FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homolog, HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a), have been connected to flowering regulation. Perilla is a nutrient-rich leaf vegetable, and the flowering mechanism remains largely elusive. We identified flowering-related genes under short-day conditions using RNA sequencing to develop an enhanced leaf production trait using the flowering mechanism in the perilla. Initially, an Hd3a-like gene was cloned from the perilla and defined as PfHd3a. Furthermore, PfHd3a is highly rhythmically expressed in mature leaves under short-day and long-day conditions. Ectopic expression of PfHd3a in Atft-1 mutant plants has been shown to complement Arabidopsis FT function, resulting in early flowering. In addition, our genetic approaches revealed that overexpression of PfHd3a in perilla caused early flowering. In contrast, the CRISPR/Cas9 generated PfHd3a-mutant perilla showed significantly late flowering, resulting in approximately 50% leaf production enhancement compared to the control. Our results suggest that PfHd3a plays a vital role in regulating flowering in the perilla and is a potential target for molecular breeding in the perilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Rang Yun
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hye Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sivabalan Karthik
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Chung
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Baek
- Crazy Peanut, lnc., Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sibum Sung
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyun Uk Kim, ; Jae Bok Heo,
| | - Jae Bok Heo
- Department of Molecular Genetic Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyun Uk Kim, ; Jae Bok Heo,
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Chen Z, Li Z. Adaptation and integration of environmental cues to internal flowering network in Arabidopsis thaliana. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Liu H, Guo Y, Wang H, Yang W, Yang J, Zhang J, Liu D, El-Kassaby YA, Li W. Involvement of PtCOL5-PtNF-YC4 in reproductive cone development and gibberellin signaling in Chinese pine. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 323:111383. [PMID: 35850285 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is well documented that the CO/NF-YB/NF-YC trimer (NF-Y-CO) binds and regulates the FT promoter. However, the FT/TFL1-like (FLOWERING LOCUS T/TERMINALFLOWER1-like) genes in gymnosperms are all flowering suppressors, and the regulation model of NF-Y in gymnosperms is different from that in angiosperms. Here, using Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis), we identified a CONSTANS-LIKE gene, PtCOL5, the expression of which was strongly induced during cones development and it functioned as a repressor of flowering. PtNF-YC4, which interacted with PtCOL5, was highly correlated with PtCOL5 during growth and development, has been demonstrated. Moreover, PtNF-YC4 and PtCOL5 can bind to PtTFL2 promoter, and their interaction can enhance PtTFL2 expression. Interestingly, we found PtNF-YC4 and PtCOL5 were involved in gibberellin signaling and their interaction was inhibited by PtDELLA protein, thus affecting PtTFL2 expression. Collectively, PtCOL5-PtNF-YC4 was involved in reproductive cone development and gibberellin signaling in Chinese pine. Our findings uncovered reproductive cone development and signal transduction mechanism of COL-NF-Y in gymnosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingtian Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huili Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenbin Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junhe Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingxing Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yousry A El-Kassaby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Cui L, Zheng F, Wang J, Zhang C, Zhang D, Gao S, Zhang C, Ye J, Zhang Y, Ouyang B, Wang T, Hong Z, Ye Z, Zhang J. The tomato CONSTANS-LIKE protein SlCOL1 regulates fruit yield by repressing SFT gene expression. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:429. [PMID: 36071376 PMCID: PMC9454169 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03813-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONSTANS (CO) and CONSTANS-LIKE (COL) transcription factors have been known to regulate a series of cellular processes including the transition from the vegetative growth to flower development in plants. However, their role in regulating fruit yield in tomato is poorly understood. RESULT In this study, the tomato ortholog of Arabidopsis CONSTANS, SlCOL1, was shown to play key roles in the control of flower development and fruit yield. Suppression of SlCOL1 expression in tomato was found to lead to promotion of flower and fruit development, resulting in increased tomato fruit yield. On the contrary, overexpression of SlCOL1 disturbed flower and fruit development, and significantly reduced tomato fruit yield. Genetic and biochemical evidence indicated that SlCOL1 controls inflorescence development by directly binding to the promoter region of tomato inflorescence-associated gene SINGLE-FLOWER TRUSS (SFT) and negatively regulating its expression. Additionally, we found that SlCOL1 can also negatively regulate fruit size in tomato. CONCLUSIONS Tomato SlCOL1 binds to the promoter of the SFT gene, down-regulates its expression, and plays a key role in reducing the fruit size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fangyan Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiafa Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunli Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dedi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sunan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Ouyang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zonglie Hong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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13
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Plewiński P, Rychel-Bielska S, Kozak B, Maureira-Butler IJ, Iqbal MM, Nelson MN, Książkiewicz M. FLOWERING LOCUS T indel variants confer vernalization-independent and photoperiod-insensitive flowering of yellow lupin ( Lupinus luteus L.). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac180. [PMID: 36338848 PMCID: PMC9627521 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing climate change has considerably reduced the seasonal window for crop vernalization, concurrently expanding cultivation area into northern latitudes with long-day photoperiod. To address these changes, cool season legume breeders need to understand molecular control of vernalization and photoperiod. A key floral transition gene integrating signals from these pathways is the Flowering locus T (FT). Here, a recently domesticated grain legume, yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.), was explored for potential involvement of FT homologues in abolition of vernalization and photoperiod requirements. Two FTa (LlutFTa1a and LlutFTa1b) and FTc (LlutFTc1 and LlutFTc2) homologues were identified and sequenced for two contrasting parents of a reference recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, an early-flowering cultivar Wodjil and a late-flowering wild-type P28213. Large deletions were detected in the 5' promoter regions of three FT homologues. Quantitative trait loci were identified for flowering time and vernalization response in the RIL population and in a diverse panel of wild and domesticated accessions. A 2227 bp deletion found in the LlutFTc1 promoter was linked with early phenology and vernalization independence, whereas LlutFTa1a and LlutFTc2 indels with photoperiod responsiveness. Comparative mapping highlighted convergence of FTc1 indel evolution in two Old World lupin species, addressing both artificial selection during domestication and natural adaptation to short season environmental conditions. We concluded that rapid flowering in yellow lupin is associated with the de-repression of the LlutFTc1 homologue from the juvenile phase, putatively due to the elimination of all binding sites in the promoter region for the AGAMOUS-like 15 transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Plewiński
- Department of Gene Structure and Function, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sandra Rychel-Bielska
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kozak
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iván J Maureira-Butler
- Instituto de Producción y Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Alimentarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Muhammad Munir Iqbal
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, WA, Australia
- Genomics WA, Joint initiative of Telethon Kids Institute, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and The University of Western Australia, QEII campus, Nedlands, 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew N Nelson
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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14
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Tokunaga H, Quynh DTN, Anh NH, Nhan PT, Matsui A, Takahashi S, Tanaka M, Anh NM, Van Dong N, Ham LH, Higo A, Hoa TM, Ishitani M, Minh NBN, Hy NH, Srean P, Thu VA, Tung NB, Vu NA, Yamaguchi K, Tsuji H, Utsumi Y, Seki M. Field transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular mechanism for cassava-flowering in a mountainous environment in Southeast Asia. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:233-248. [PMID: 32902791 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The field survey in this article showed in 'KU50', a popular variety and late-branching type of cassava in Southeast Asia, that flowering rarely occurs in normal-field conditions in Southeast Asia but is strongly induced in the dry season in the mountainous region. Flowering time is correlated with the expression patterns of MeFT1 and homologs of Arabidopsis GI, PHYA, and NF-Ys. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a tropical crop that is propagated vegetatively rather than sexually by seed. Flowering rarely occurs in the erect-type variety grown in Southeast Asia, but it is known that cassava produces flowers every year in mountainous regions. Data pertaining to the effect of environmental factors on flowering time and gene expression in cassava, however, is limited. The aim of the present study was to determine the kinds of environmental conditions that regulate flowering time in cassava and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The flowering status of KU50, a popular variety in Southeast Asia and late-branching type of cassava, was monitored in six fields in Vietnam and Cambodia. At non-flowering and flowering field locations in North Vietnam, the two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)-like genes, MeFT1 and MeFT2, were characterized by qPCR, and the pattern of expression of flowering-related genes and genes responsive to environmental signals were analyzed by using RNA sequencing data from time-series samples. Results indicate that cassava flowering was induced in the dry season in the mountain region, and that flowering time was correlated with the expression of MeFT1, and homologs of Arabidopsis GI, PHYA, and NF-Ys. Based upon these data, we hypothesize that floral induction in cassava is triggered by some conditions present in the mountain regions during the dry season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tokunaga
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan.
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Do Thi Nhu Quynh
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hai Anh
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Nhan
- Hung Loc Agricultural Research Center (HLARC), Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Akihiro Matsui
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Maho Tanaka
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ngo Minh Anh
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- JICA Vietnam Office, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Dong
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Huy Ham
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Asuka Higo
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Truong Minh Hoa
- Hung Loc Agricultural Research Center (HLARC), Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Manabu Ishitani
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Nguyen Huu Hy
- Hung Loc Agricultural Research Center (HLARC), Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Pao Srean
- University of Battambang (UBB), Battambang, Cambodia
| | - Vu Anh Thu
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Ba Tung
- Hung Loc Agricultural Research Center (HLARC), Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Anh Vu
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology, Agricultural Genetics Institute (AGI), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kaho Yamaguchi
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuji
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Utsumi
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Motoaki Seki
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Kanagawa, Japan.
- International Laboratory for Cassava Molecular Breeding (ILCMB), AGI, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan.
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15
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Abstract
Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1), a main blue light receptor protein, plays a significant role in several biological processes. However, the expression patterns and function of CRY1 in strawberry have not been identified. Here, the expression profile of CRY1 in different tissues and developmental stages of strawberry fruit, and expression patterns response to abiotic stresses (low temperature, salt and drought) were analyzed. Its subcellular localization, interaction proteins and heterologous overexpression in tobacco were also investigated. The results showed that CRY1 was mainly expressed in leaves and fruits with an expression peak at the initial red stage in strawberry fruit. Abiotic stresses could significantly induce the expression of CRY1. The CRY1 protein was located in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Five proteins (CSN5a-like, JAZ5, eIF3G. NF-YC9, and NDUFB9) interacting with CRY1 were discovered. Genes related flowering times, such as HY5 and CO, in three overexpressed FaCRY1 tobacco lines, were significantly upregulated. Taken together, our results suggested CRY1 have a broad role in biological processes in strawberry.
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16
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Zeng X, Lv X, Liu R, He H, Liang S, Chen L, Zhang F, Chen L, He Y, Du J. Molecular basis of CONSTANS oligomerization in FLOWERING LOCUS T activation. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:731-740. [PMID: 35023269 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor CONSTANS (CO) integrates day-length information to induce the expression of florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in Arabidopsis. We recently reported that the C-terminal CCT domain of CO forms a complex with NUCLEAR FACTOR-YB/YC to recognize multiple cis-elements in the FT promoter, and the N-terminal tandem B-box domains form a homomultimeric assembly. However, the mechanism and biological function of CO multimerization remained unclear. Here, we report that CO takes on a head-to-tail oligomeric configuration via its B-boxes to mediate FT activation in long days. The crystal structure of B-boxesCO reveals a closely connected tandem B-box fold forming a continuous head-to-tail assembly through unique CDHH zinc fingers. Mutating the key residues involved in CO oligomerization resulted in a non-functional CO, as evidenced by the inability to rescue co mutants. By contrast, a transgene encoding a human p53-derived tetrameric peptide in place of the B-boxesCO rescued co mutant, emphasizing the essential role of B-boxesCO -mediated oligomerization. Furthermore, we found that the four TGTG-bearing cis-elements in FT proximal promoter are required for FT activation in long days. Our results suggest that CO forms a multimer to bind to the four TGTG motifs in the FT promoter to mediate FT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zeng
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics & Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Xinchen Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics & Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hang He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shiqi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lixian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuehui He
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics & Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Jiamu Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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17
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Luo X, Yin M, He Y. Molecular Genetic Understanding of Photoperiodic Regulation of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis and Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:466. [PMID: 35008892 PMCID: PMC8745532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental switch from a vegetative phase to reproduction (flowering) is essential for reproduction success in flowering plants, and the timing of the floral transition is regulated by various environmental factors, among which seasonal day-length changes play a critical role to induce flowering at a season favorable for seed production. The photoperiod pathways are well known to regulate flowering time in diverse plants. Here, we summarize recent progresses on molecular mechanisms underlying the photoperiod control of flowering in the long-day plant Arabidopsis as well as the short-day plant soybean; furthermore, the conservation and diversification of photoperiodic regulation of flowering in these two species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Luo
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261325, China
| | - Mengnan Yin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China;
| | - Yuehui He
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang 261325, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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18
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Zhang P, Li X, Wang Y, Guo W, Chachar S, Riaz A, Geng Y, Gu X, Yang L. PRMT6 physically associates with nuclear factor Y to regulate photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:403-414. [PMID: 36304422 PMCID: PMC9590495 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The timing of floral transition is critical for reproductive success in flowering plants. In long-day (LD) plant Arabidopsis, the floral regulator gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is a major component of the mobile florigen. FT expression is rhythmically activated by CONSTANS (CO), and specifically accumulated at dusk of LDs. However, the underlying mechanism of adequate regulation of FT transcription in response to day-length cues to warrant flowering time still remains to be investigated. Here, we identify a homolog of human protein arginine methyltransferases 6 (HsPRMT6) in Arabidopsis, and confirm AtPRMT6 physically interacts with three positive regulators of flowering Nuclear Factors YC3 (NF-YC3), NF-YC9, and NF-YB3. Further investigations find that AtPRMT6 and its encoding protein accumulate at dusk of LDs. PRMT6-mediated H3R2me2a modification enhances the promotion of NF-YCs on FT transcription in response to inductive LD signals. Moreover, AtPRMT6 and its homologues proteins AtPRMT4a and AtPRMT4b coordinately inhibit the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C, a suppressor of FT. Taken together, our study reveals the role of arginine methylation in photoperiodic pathway and how the PRMT6-mediating H3R2me2a system interacts with NF-CO module to dynamically control FT expression and facilitate flowering time. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-021-00065-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingxian Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Xiulan Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Weijun Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Sadaruddin Chachar
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Adeel Riaz
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yuke Geng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xiaofeng Gu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Liwen Yang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 China
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19
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Li X, Zhang G, Liang Y, Hu L, Zhu B, Qi D, Cui S, Zhao H. TCP7 interacts with Nuclear Factor-Ys to promote flowering by directly regulating SOC1 in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:1493-1506. [PMID: 34607390 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The success of plant reproduction depends on the timely transition from the vegetative phase to reproductive growth, a process often referred to as flowering. Although several plant-specific transcription factors belonging to the Teosinte Branched 1/Cycloidea/Proliferating Cell Factor (TCP) family are reportedly involved in the regulation of flowering in Arabidopsis, the molecular mechanisms, especially for Class I TCP members, are poorly understood. Here, we genetically identified Class I TCP7 as a positive regulator of flowering time. Protein interaction analysis indicated that TCP7 interacted with several Nuclear Factor-Ys (NF-Ys), known as the 'pioneer' transcription factors; CONSTANS (CO), a main photoperiod regulator of flowering. SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) was differentially expressed in the dominant-negative mutant of TCP7 (lcu) and the loss-of-function mutant of Class I TCP members (septuple). Additionally, we obtained genetic and molecular evidence showing that TCP7 directly activates the flowering integrator gene, SOC1. Moreover, TCP7 synergistically activated SOC1 expression upon interacting with CO and NF-Ys in vivo. Collectively, our results provide compelling evidence that TCP7 synergistically interacts with NF-Ys to activate the transcriptional expression of the flowering integrator gene SOC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Yahong Liang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Bonan Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Sujuan Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Hongtao Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
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20
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Kinmonth-Schultz H, Lewandowska-Sabat A, Imaizumi T, Ward JK, Rognli OA, Fjellheim S. Flowering Times of Wild Arabidopsis Accessions From Across Norway Correlate With Expression Levels of FT, CO, and FLC Genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:747740. [PMID: 34790213 PMCID: PMC8591261 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.747740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Temperate species often require or flower most rapidly in the long daylengths, or photoperiods, experienced in summer or after prolonged periods of cold temperatures, referred to as vernalization. Yet, even within species, plants vary in the degree of responsiveness to these cues. In Arabidopsis thaliana, CONSTANS (CO) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) genes are key to photoperiod and vernalization perception and antagonistically regulate FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) to influence the flowering time of the plants. However, it is still an open question as to how these genes vary in their interactions among wild accessions with different flowering behaviors and adapted to different microclimates, yet this knowledge could improve our ability to predict plant responses in variable natural conditions. To assess the relationships among these genes and to flowering time, we exposed 10 winter-annual Arabidopsis accessions from throughout Norway, ranging from early to late flowering, along with two summer-annual accessions to 14 weeks of vernalization and either 8- or 19-h photoperiods to mimic Norwegian climate conditions, then assessed gene expression levels 3-, 5-, and 8-days post vernalization. CO and FLC explained both FT levels and flowering time (days) but not rosette leaf number at flowering. The correlation between FT and flowering time increased over time. Although vernalization suppresses FLC, FLC was high in the late-flowering accessions. Across accessions, FT was expressed only at low FLC levels and did not respond to CO in the late-flowering accessions. We proposed that FT may only be expressed below a threshold value of FLC and demonstrated that these three genes correlated to flowering times across genetically distinct accessions of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kinmonth-Schultz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | | | - Takato Imaizumi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Joy K. Ward
- College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Odd Arne Rognli
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siri Fjellheim
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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21
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TEM1 combinatorially binds to FLOWERING LOCUS T and recruits a Polycomb factor to repress the floral transition in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103895118. [PMID: 34446554 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103895118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis TEMPRANILLO 1 (TEM1) is a transcriptional repressor that participates in multiple flowering pathways and negatively regulates the juvenile-to-adult transition and the flowering transition. To understand the molecular basis for the site-specific regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) by TEM1, we determined the structures of the two plant-specific DNA-binding domains in TEM1, AP2 and B3, in complex with their target DNA sequences from the FT gene 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR), revealing the molecular basis for TEM1 specificity for its DNA targets. In vitro binding assays revealed that the combination of the AP2 and B3 binding sites greatly enhanced the overall binding of TEM1 to the FT 5'-UTR, indicating TEM1 combinatorically recognizes the FT gene 5'-UTR. We further showed that TEM1 recruits the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to the FT 5'-UTR. The simultaneous binding of the TEM1 AP2 and B3 domains to FT is necessary for deposition of H3K27me3 at the FT 5'-UTR and for the flowering repressor function of TEM1. Overall, our data suggest that the combinatorial recognition of FT 5'-UTR by TEM1 ensures H3K27me3 deposition to precisely regulate the floral transition.
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22
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Current understanding of plant Polycomb group proteins and the repressive histone H3 Lysine 27 trimethylation. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1697-1706. [PMID: 32725200 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are highly conserved chromatin-modifying complexes that implement gene silencing in higher eukaryotes. Thousands of genes and multiple developmental processes are regulated by PcG proteins. As the first chromatin modifier been identified in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the methyltransferase CURLY LEAF (CLF) and its catalyzed histone H3 Lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) have already become well-established paradigm in plant epigenetic study. Like in animals, PcG proteins mediate plant development and repress homeotic gene expression by antagonizing with trithorax group proteins. Recent researches have advanced our understanding on plant PcG proteins, including the plant-specific components of these well-conserved protein complexes, the close association with transcription factors and noncoding RNA for the spatial and temporal specificity, the dynamic regulation of the repressive mark H3K27me3 and the PcG-mediated chromatin conformation alterations in gene expression. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanisms of PcG-implemented gene repression and the relationship between H3K27me3 and another repressive mark histone H2A Lysine 121 mono-ubiquitination (H2A121ub) will also be discussed.
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23
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Lv X, Zeng X, Hu H, Chen L, Zhang F, Liu R, Liu Y, Zhou X, Wang C, Wu Z, Kim C, He Y, Du J. Structural insights into the multivalent binding of the Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T promoter by the CO-NF-Y master transcription factor complex. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:1182-1195. [PMID: 33693873 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Flowering plants sense various environmental and endogenous signals to trigger the floral transition and start the reproductive growth cycle. CONSTANS (CO) is a master transcription factor in the photoperiod floral pathway that integrates upstream signals and activates the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Here, we performed comprehensive structural and biochemical analyses to study the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of FT by CO in Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that the four previously characterized cis-elements in the FT promoter proximal region, CORE1, CORE2, P1, and P2, are all direct CO binding sites. Structural analysis of CO in complex with NUCLEAR FACTOR-YB/YC (NF-YB/YC) and the CORE2 or CORE1 elements revealed the molecular basis for the specific recognition of the shared TGTG motifs. Biochemical analysis suggested that CO might form a homomultimeric assembly via its N-terminal B-Box domain and simultaneously occupy multiple cis-elements within the FT promoter. We suggest that this multivalent binding gives the CO-NF-Y complex high affinity and specificity for FT promoter binding. Overall, our data provide a detailed molecular model for the regulation of FT by the master transcription factor complex CO-NF-Y during the floral transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Hongmiao Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lixian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chanhong Kim
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yuehui He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Jiamu Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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24
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) Spontaneous Tumor. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050919. [PMID: 34063717 PMCID: PMC8147785 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous tumors can develop in different organs of various plant species without any pathogen infection and, as a rule, appear in plants with a certain genotype: Mutants, interspecific hybrids, etc. In particular, among the inbred lines of radish (Raphanus sativus L.), lines that form spontaneous tumors on the taproot during the flowering period were obtained many years ago. In this work, we analyzed the differential gene expression in the spontaneous tumors of radish versus the lateral roots using the RNA-seq method. Data were obtained indicating the increased expression of genes associated with cell division and growth (especially genes that regulate G2-M transition and cytokinesis) in the spontaneous tumor. Among genes downregulated in the tumor tissue, genes participating in the response to stress and wounding, mainly involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid and glucosinolates, were enriched. Our data will help elucidate the mechanisms of spontaneous tumor development in higher plants.
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25
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Ye JY, Tian WH, Zhou M, Zhu QY, Du WX, Jin CW. Improved Plant Nitrate Status Involves in Flowering Induction by Extended Photoperiod. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:629857. [PMID: 33643357 PMCID: PMC7907640 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.629857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The floral transition stage is pivotal for sustaining plant populations and is affected by several environmental factors, including photoperiod. However, the mechanisms underlying photoperiodic flowering responses are not fully understood. Herein, we have shown that exposure to an extended photoperiod effectively induced early flowering in Arabidopsis plants, at a range of different nitrate concentrations. However, these photoperiodic flowering responses were attenuated when the nitrate levels were suboptimal for flowering. An extended photoperiod also improved the root nitrate uptake of by NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1 (NRT1.1) and NITRATE TRANSPORTER 2.1 (NRT2.1), whereas the loss of function of NRT1.1/NRT2.1 in the nrt1.1-1/2.1-2 mutants suppressed the expression of the key flowering genes CONSTANS (CO) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), and reduced the sensitivity of the photoperiodic flowering responses to elevated levels of nitrate. These results suggest that the upregulation of root nitrate uptake during extended photoperiods, contributed to the observed early flowering. The results also showed that the sensitivity of photoperiodic flowering responses to elevated levels of nitrate, were also reduced by either the replacement of nitrate with its assimilation intermediate product, ammonium, or by the dysfunction of the nitrate assimilation pathway. This indicates that nitrate serves as both a nutrient source for plant growth and as a signaling molecule for floral induction during extended photoperiods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Hao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chong Wei Jin,
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26
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Chaves-Sanjuan A, Gnesutta N, Gobbini A, Martignago D, Bernardini A, Fornara F, Mantovani R, Nardini M. Structural determinants for NF-Y subunit organization and NF-Y/DNA association in plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:49-61. [PMID: 33098724 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
NF-Y transcription factor comprises three subunits: NF-YA, NF-YB and NF-YC. NF-YB and NF-YC dimerize through their histone fold domain (HFD), which can bind DNA in a non-sequence-specific fashion while serving as a scaffold for NF-YA trimerization. Upon trimerization, NF-YA specifically recognizes the CCAAT box sequence on promoters and enhancers. In plants, each NF-Y subunit is encoded by several genes giving rise to hundreds of potential heterotrimeric combinations. In addition, plant NF-YBs and NF-YCs interact with other protein partners to recognize a plethora of genomic motifs, as the CCT protein family that binds CORE sites. The NF-Y subunit organization and its DNA-binding properties, together with the NF-Y HFD capacity to adapt different protein modules, represent plant-specific features that play a key role in development, growth and reproduction. Despite their relevance, these features are still poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we present the structures of Arabidopsis and rice NF-YB/NF-YC dimers, and of an Arabidopsis NF-Y trimer in complex with the FT CCAAT box, together with biochemical data on NF-Y mutants. The dimeric structures identify the key residues for NF-Y HFD stabilization. The NF-Y/DNA structure and the mutation experiments shed light on HFD trimerization interface properties and the NF-YA sequence appetite for the bases flanking the CCAAT motif. These data explain the logic of plant NF-Y gene expansion: the trimerization adaptability and the flexible DNA-binding rules serve the scopes of accommodating the large number of NF-YAs, CCTs and possibly other NF-Y HFD binding partners and a diverse audience of genomic motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Chaves-Sanjuan
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Nerina Gnesutta
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Gobbini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Damiano Martignago
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Fabio Fornara
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Marco Nardini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano, 20133, Italy
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27
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Liu C, Zhang Q, Zhu H, Cai C, Li S. Characterization of Mungbean CONSTANS-LIKE Genes and Functional Analysis of CONSTANS-LIKE 2 in the Regulation of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:608603. [PMID: 33613600 PMCID: PMC7890258 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.608603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONSTANS-LIKE (COL) genes play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development, and they have been analyzed in many plant species. However, few studies have examined COL genes in mungbean (Vigna radiata). In this study, we identified and characterized 31 mungbean genes whose proteins contained B-Box domains. Fourteen were designated as VrCOL genes and were distributed on 7 of the 11 mungbean chromosomes. Based on their phylogenetic relationships, VrCOLs were clustered into three groups (I, II, and III), which contained 4, 6, and 4 members, respectively. The gene structures and conserved motifs of the VrCOL genes were analyzed, and two duplicated gene pairs, VrCOL1/VrCOL2 and VrCOL8/VrCOL9, were identified. A total of 82 cis-acting elements were found in the VrCOL promoter regions, and the numbers and types of cis-acting elements in each VrCOL promoter region differed. As a result, the expression patterns of VrCOLs varied in different tissues and throughout the day under long-day and short-day conditions. Among these VrCOL genes, VrCOL2 showed a close phylogenetic relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana CO and displayed daily oscillations in expression under short-day conditions but not long-day conditions. In addition, overexpression of VrCOL2 accelerated flowering in Arabidopsis under short-day conditions by affecting the expression of the flowering time genes AtFT and AtTSF. Our study lays the foundation for further investigation of VrCOL gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunmei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Li,
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28
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The complexity of PRC2 catalysts CLF and SWN in plants. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:2779-2789. [PMID: 33170267 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is an evolutionally conserved multisubunit complex essential for the development of eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), CURLY LEAF (CLF) and SWINGER (SWN) are PRC2 catalytic subunits that repress gene expression through trimethylating histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). CLF and SWN function to safeguard the appropriate expression of key developmental regulators throughout the plant life cycle. Recent researches have advanced our knowledge of the biological roles and the regulation of the activity of CLF and SWN. In this review, we summarize these recent findings and highlight the redundant and differential roles of CLF and SWN in plant development. Further, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying CLF and SWN recruitment to specific genomic loci, as well as their interplays with Trithorax-group (TrxG) proteins in plants.
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29
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Lira BS, Oliveira MJ, Shiose L, Wu RTA, Rosado D, Lupi ACD, Freschi L, Rossi M. Light and ripening-regulated BBX protein-encoding genes in Solanum lycopersicum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19235. [PMID: 33159121 PMCID: PMC7648751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Light controls several aspects of plant development through a complex signalling cascade. Several B-box domain containing proteins (BBX) were identified as regulators of Arabidopsis thaliana seedling photomorphogenesis. However, the knowledge about the role of this protein family in other physiological processes and species remains scarce. To fill this gap, here BBX protein encoding genes in tomato genome were characterised. The robust phylogeny obtained revealed how the domain diversity in this protein family evolved in Viridiplantae and allowed the precise identification of 31 tomato SlBBX proteins. The mRNA profiling in different organs revealed that SlBBX genes are regulated by light and their transcripts accumulation is directly affected by the chloroplast maturation status in both vegetative and fruit tissues. As tomato fruits develops, three SlBBXs were found to be upregulated in the early stages, controlled by the proper chloroplast differentiation and by the PHYTOCHROME (PHY)-dependent light perception. Upon ripening, other three SlBBXs were transcriptionally induced by RIPENING INHIBITOR master transcriptional factor, as well as by PHY-mediated signalling and proper plastid biogenesis. Altogether, the results obtained revealed a conserved role of SlBBX gene family in the light signalling cascade and identified putative members affecting tomato fruit development and ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silvestre Lira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Lumi Shiose
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Raquel Tsu Ay Wu
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Daniele Rosado
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brasil.
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30
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Maric A, Mas P. Chromatin Dynamics and Transcriptional Control of Circadian Rhythms in Arabidopsis. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1170. [PMID: 33036236 PMCID: PMC7601625 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms pervade nearly all aspects of plant growth, physiology, and development. Generation of the rhythms relies on an endogenous timing system or circadian clock that generates 24-hour oscillations in multiple rhythmic outputs. At its bases, the plant circadian function relies on dynamic interactive networks of clock components that regulate each other to generate rhythms at specific phases during the day and night. From the initial discovery more than 13 years ago of a parallelism between the oscillations in chromatin status and the transcriptional rhythms of an Arabidopsis clock gene, a number of studies have later expanded considerably our view on the circadian epigenome and transcriptome landscapes. Here, we describe the most recent identification of chromatin-related factors that are able to directly interact with Arabidopsis clock proteins to shape the transcriptional waveforms of circadian gene expression and clock outputs. We discuss how changes in chromatin marks associate with transcript initiation, elongation, and the rhythms of nascent RNAs, and speculate on future interesting research directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Maric
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Paloma Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Diouf I, Derivot L, Koussevitzky S, Carretero Y, Bitton F, Moreau L, Causse M. Genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity and genotype × environment interactions in a multi-parental tomato population. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:5365-5376. [PMID: 32474596 PMCID: PMC7501811 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering the genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity and genotype × environment interactions (G×E) is of primary importance for plant breeding in the context of global climate change. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a widely cultivated crop that can grow in different geographical habitats and that displays a great capacity for expressing phenotypic plasticity. We used a multi-parental advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) tomato population to explore G×E and plasticity for multiple traits measured in a multi-environment trial (MET) comprising optimal cultural conditions together with water deficit, salinity, and heat stress over 12 environments. Substantial G×E was observed for all the traits measured. Different plasticity parameters were estimated by employing Finlay-Wilkinson and factorial regression models and these were used together with genotypic means for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping analyses. In addition, mixed linear models were also used to investigate the presence of QTL × environment interactions. The results highlighted a complex genetic architecture of tomato plasticity and G×E. Candidate genes that might be involved in the occurrence of G×E are proposed, paving the way for functional characterization of stress response genes in tomato and for breeding climate-adapted cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Laurence Moreau
- UMR GQE-Le Moulon, INRA, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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32
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Zhu Y, Luo X, Liu X, Wu W, Cui X, He Y, Huang J. Arabidopsis PEAPODs function with LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1 to regulate lateral organ growth. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:812-831. [PMID: 31099089 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, lateral organs are usually of determinate growth. It remains largely elusive how the determinate growth is achieved and maintained. Previous reports have shown that Arabidopsis PEAPOD (PPD) proteins suppress proliferation of dispersed meristematic cells partly through a TOPLESS corepressor complex. Here, we identified a new PPD-interacting partner, LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1 (LHP1), using the yeast two-hybrid system, and their interaction is mediated by the chromo shadow domain and the Jas domain in LHP1 and PPD2, respectively. Our genetic data demonstrate that the phenotype of ppd2 lhp1 is more similar to lhp1 than to ppd2, indicating epistasis of lhp1 to ppd2. Microarray analysis reveals that PPD2 and LHP1 can regulate expression of a common set of genes directly or indirectly. Consistently, chromatin immunoprecipitation results confirm that PPD2 and LHP1 are coenriched at the promoter region of their targets such as D3-TYPE CYCLINS and HIGH MOBILITY GROUP A, which are upregulated in ppd2, lhp1 and ppd2 lhp1 mutants, and that PPDs mediate repressive histone 3 lysine-27 trimethylation at these loci. Taken together, our data provide evidence that PPD and LHP1 form a corepressor complex that regulates lateral organ growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Xuxin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences,, Shanghai Normal University,, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuehui He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Jirong Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences,, Shanghai Normal University,, Shanghai, 200234, China
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Kinoshita A, Richter R. Genetic and molecular basis of floral induction in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2490-2504. [PMID: 32067033 PMCID: PMC7210760 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Many plants synchronize their life cycles in response to changing seasons and initiate flowering under favourable environmental conditions to ensure reproductive success. To confer a robust seasonal response, plants use diverse genetic programmes that integrate environmental and endogenous cues and converge on central floral regulatory hubs. Technological advances have allowed us to understand these complex processes more completely. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of genetic and molecular mechanisms that control flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Kinoshita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence: or
| | - René Richter
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Correspondence: or
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He Y, Chen T, Zeng X. Genetic and Epigenetic Understanding of the Seasonal Timing of Flowering. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100008. [PMID: 33404547 PMCID: PMC7747966 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2019.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The developmental transition to flowering in many plants is timed by changing seasons, which enables plants to flower at a season that is favorable for seed production. Many plants grown at high latitudes perceive the seasonal cues of changing day length and/or winter cold (prolonged cold exposure), to regulate the expression of flowering-regulatory genes through the photoperiod pathway and/or vernalization pathway, and thus align flowering with a particular season. Recent studies in the model flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed that diverse transcription factors engage various chromatin modifiers to regulate several key flowering-regulatory genes including FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in response to seasonal signals. Here, we summarize the current understanding of molecular and chromatin-regulatory or epigenetic mechanisms underlying the vernalization response and photoperiodic control of flowering in Arabidopsis. Moreover, the conservation and divergence of regulatory mechanisms for seasonal flowering in crops and other plants are briefly discussed.
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35
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B-box Proteins in Arachis duranensis: Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiles Analysis. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
B-box (BBX) proteins are important factors involved in plant growth and developmental regulation, and they have been identified in many species. However, information on the characteristics and transcription patterns of BBX genes in wild peanut are limited. In this study, we identified and characterized 24 BBX genes from a wild peanut, Arachis duranensis. Many characteristics were analyzed, including chromosomal locations, phylogenetic relationships, and gene structures. Arachis duranensis B-box (AdBBX) proteins were grouped into five classes based on the diversity of their conserved domains: I (3 genes), II (4 genes), III (4 genes), IV (9 genes), and V (4 genes). Fifteen distinct motifs were found in the 24 AdBBX proteins. Duplication analysis revealed the presence of two interchromosomal duplicated gene pairs, from group II and IV. In addition, 95 kinds of cis-acting elements were found in the genes’ promoter regions, 53 of which received putative functional predictions. The numbers and types of cis-acting elements varied among different AdBBX promoters, and, as a result, AdBBX genes exhibited distinct expression patterns in different tissues. Transcriptional profiling combined with synteny analysis suggests that AdBBX8 may be a key factor involved in flowering time regulation. Our study will provide essential information for further functional investigation of AdBBX genes.
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36
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Jin H, Tang X, Xing M, Zhu H, Sui J, Cai C, Li S. Molecular and transcriptional characterization of phosphatidyl ethanolamine-binding proteins in wild peanuts Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:484. [PMID: 31706291 PMCID: PMC6842551 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphatidyl ethanolamine-binding proteins (PEBPs) are involved in the regulation of plant architecture and flowering time. The functions of PEBP genes have been studied in many plant species. However, little is known about the characteristics and expression profiles of PEBP genes in wild peanut species, Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis, the diploid ancestors of cultivated peanuts. RESULTS In this study, genome-wide identification methods were used to identify and characterize a total of 32 peanut PEBP genes, 16 from each of the two wild peanut species, A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. These PEBP genes were classified into 3 groups (TERMINAL FLOWER1-like, FLOWERING LOCUS T-like, and MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1-like) based on their phylogenetic relationships. The gene structures, motifs, and chromosomal locations for each of these PEBPs were analyzed. In addition, 4 interchromosomal duplications and 1 tandem duplication were identified in A. duranensis, and 2 interchromosomal paralogs and 1 tandem paralog were identified in A. ipaensis. Ninety-five different cis-acting elements were identified in the PEBP gene promoter regions and most genes had different numbers and types of cis-elements. As a result, the transcription patterns of these PEBP genes varied in different tissues and under long day and short day conditions during different growth phases, indicating the functional diversities of PEBPs in different tissues and their potential functions in plant photoperiod dependent developmental pathways. Moreover, our analysis revealed that AraduF950M/AraduWY2NX in A. duranensis, and Araip344D4/Araip4V81G in A. ipaensis are good candidates for regulating plant architecture, and that Aradu80YRY, AraduYY72S, and AraduEHZ9Y in A. duranensis and AraipVEP8T in A. ipaensis may be key factors regulating flowering time. CONCLUSION Sixteen PEBP genes were identified and characterized from each of the two diploid wild peanut genomes, A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. Genetic characterization and spatio-temporal expression analysis support their importance in plant growth and development. These findings further our understanding of PEBP gene functions in plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqi Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Xuemin Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Mengge Xing
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Hong Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Jiongming Sui
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Chunmei Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
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37
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Gnesutta N, Chiara M, Bernardini A, Balestra M, Horner DS, Mantovani R. The Plant NF-Y DNA Matrix In Vitro and In Vivo. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100406. [PMID: 31658622 PMCID: PMC6843132 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Factor Y (NF-Y) is an evolutionarily conserved trimer formed by a Histone-Fold Domain (HFD) heterodimeric module shared by core histones, and the sequence-specific NF-YA subunit. In plants, the genes encoding each of the three subunits have expanded in number, giving rise to hundreds of potential trimers. While in mammals NF-Y binds a well-characterized motif, with a defined matrix centered on the CCAAT box, the specificity of the plant trimers has yet to be determined. Here we report that Arabidopsis thaliana NF-Y trimeric complexes, containing two different NF-YA subunits, bind DNA in vitro with similar affinities. We assayed precisely sequence-specificity by saturation mutagenesis, and analyzed genomic DNA sites bound in vivo by selected HFDs. The plant NF-Y CCAAT matrix is different in nucleotides flanking CCAAT with respect to the mammalian matrix, in vitro and in vivo. Our data point to flexible DNA-binding rules by plant NF-Ys, serving the scope of adapting to a diverse audience of genomic motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerina Gnesutta
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Matteo Chiara
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Andrea Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Matteo Balestra
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - David S Horner
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Roberto Mantovani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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38
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Huang F, Yuan W, Tian S, Zheng Q, He Y. SIN3 LIKE genes mediate long-day induction of flowering but inhibit the floral transition in short days through histone deacetylation in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:101-113. [PMID: 31168864 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Day length or photoperiod changes are crucial for plants to align the timing of the floral transition with seasonal changes. Through the photoperiod pathway, day length changes induce the expression of the florigenic FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) to promote flowering. In the facultative long days (LDs) plant Arabidopsis thaliana, LD signals induce flowering, whereas short days (SDs) inhibit flowering. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis SIN3 LIKE (SNL) family genes, encoding a scaffold protein for assembly of histone deacetylase complexes, directly repress the expression of an FT activator and three FT repressors to regulate the transition to flowering in SDs and LDs, respectively. Under inductive LDs, SNLs including SIN3 LIKE 1 (SNL1) to SNL5, function in partial redundancy to repress the expression of three AP2 family transcription factors that repress FT expression, and therefore mediate LD induction of FT expression and promote the transition to flowering. In contrast, under non-inductive SDs SNLs act to inhibit the floral transition, partly through direct repression of a MADS box transcriptional factor that promotes FT expression. Therefore, our results reveal that SNLs, through histone deacetylation, play a dual role for the control of flowering in the LD plant Arabidopsis: inhibiting flowering when the day length is shorter and promoting the floral transition when days become longer than a threshold length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenya Yuan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Shu Tian
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201602, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qijie Zheng
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Yuehui He
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201602, China
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39
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Jing Y, Guo Q, Zha P, Lin R. The chromatin-remodelling factor PICKLE interacts with CONSTANS to promote flowering in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2495-2507. [PMID: 30965386 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In many flowering plants, successful reproductive development depends on the plant's ability to sense seasonal photoperiodic changes and adjust its vegetative growth accordingly. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the day-length-dependent accumulation of CONSTANS (CO) is crucial for the rhythmic activation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression at dusk under long days. However, the regulation of photoperiod-dependent changes of the diurnal FT expression pattern at the chromatin level is largely unknown. In this study, we show that the ATPase-dependent chromatin-remodelling factor PICKLE (PKL) acts through the CO-FT regulatory module and contributes to FT activation in leaf vasculature. PKL physically interacts with CO, and this interaction facilitates their binding to the common regions of FT chromatin in response to photoperiod. Long-day signal triggers the FT chromatin switch between the active state at dusk and the inactive state at night, and PKL is responsible for the diurnal state switch. Thus, our study reveals that PKL activates FT transcription likely through facilitating access of CO to FT chromatin at dusk to synchronize flowering time in response to environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Jing
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zha
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongcheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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40
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Tao Z, Hu H, Luo X, Jia B, Du J, He Y. Embryonic resetting of the parental vernalized state by two B3 domain transcription factors in Arabidopsis. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:424-435. [PMID: 30962525 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Some overwintering plants acquire competence to flower, after experiencing prolonged cold in winter, through a process termed vernalization. In the crucifer plant Arabidopsis thaliana, prolonged cold induces chromatin-mediated silencing of the potent floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) by Polycomb proteins. This vernalized state is epigenetically maintained or 'memorized' in warm rendering plants competent to flower in spring, but is reset in the next generation. Here, we show that in early embryogenesis, two homologous B3 domain transcription factors LEAFY COTYLEDON 2 (LEC2) and FUSCA3 (FUS3) compete against two repressive B3-containing epigenome readers and Polycomb partners known as VAL1 and VAL2 for the cis-regulatory cold memory element (CME) of FLC to disrupt Polycomb silencing. Consistently, crystal structures of B3-CME complexes show that B3FUS3, B3LEC2 and B3VAL1 employ a nearly identical binding interface for CME. We further found that LEC2 and FUS3 recruit the scaffold protein FRIGIDA in association with active chromatin modifiers to establish an active chromatin state at FLC, which results in resetting of the silenced FLC to active and erasing the epigenetic parental memory of winter cold in early embryos. Following embryo development, LEC2 and FUS3 are developmentally silenced throughout post-embryonic stages, enabling VALs to bind to the CME again at seedling stages at which plants experience winter cold. Our findings illustrate how overwintering crucifer annuals or biennials in temperate climates employ a subfamily of B3 domain proteins to switch on, off and on again the expression of a key flowering gene in the embryo-to-plant-to-embryo cycle, and thus to synchronize growth and development with seasonal temperature changes in their life cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Tao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongmiao Hu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Jia
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamu Du
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuehui He
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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41
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Shibuta MK, Matsunaga S. Seasonal and Diurnal Regulation of Flowering <i>via</i> an Epigenetic Mechanism in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. CYTOLOGIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.84.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mio K. Shibuta
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
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42
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Vaishak KP, Yadukrishnan P, Bakshi S, Kushwaha AK, Ramachandran H, Job N, Babu D, Datta S. The B-box bridge between light and hormones in plants. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 191:164-174. [PMID: 30640143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plant development is meticulously modulated by interactions between the surrounding environment and the endogenous phytohormones. Light, as an external signal coordinates with the extensive networks of hormones inside the plant to execute its effects on growth and development. Several proteins in plants have been identified for their crucial roles in mediating light regulated development. Among these are the B-box (BBX) family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of zinc-finger B-box domain in their N-terminal region. In Arabidopsis there are 32 BBX proteins that are divided into five structural groups on the basis of the domains present. Several BBX proteins play important roles in seedling photomorphogenesis, neighbourhood detection and photoperiodic regulation of flowering. There is increasing evidence that besides light signaling BBX proteins also play integral roles in several hormone signaling pathways in plants. Here we attempt to comprehensively integrate the roles of multiple BBX proteins in various light and hormone signaling pathways. We further discuss the role of the BBX proteins in mediating crosstalk between the two signaling pathways to harmonize plant growth and development. Finally, we try to analyse the conservation of BBX genes across species and discuss the role of BBX proteins in regulating economically important traits in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Vaishak
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India; School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Premachandran Yadukrishnan
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Souvika Bakshi
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Amit Kumar Kushwaha
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Harshil Ramachandran
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Nikhil Job
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Dion Babu
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Sourav Datta
- Plant Cell and Development Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, India.
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43
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Chromatin modulation and gene regulation in plants: insight about PRC1 function. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:957-966. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20170576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In plant and metazoan, Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins play key roles in regulating developmental processes by repression of gene expression. PcG proteins function as multi-protein complexes; among them the best characterized ones are Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2. PRC2 catalyzes histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), and PRC1 can bind H3K27me3 and catalyzes H2A monoubiquitination. While the PRC2 components and molecular functions are evolutionarily conserved, varied PRC1 complexes are found and they show high divergences between animals and plants. In addition to the core subunits, an exponentially increasing number of PRC1-associated factors have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Recent studies have also unraveled cross-component interactions and intertwined roles of PRC1 and PRC2 in chromatin modulation. In addition, complexities of interactions and functions between PcG and Trithorax Group proteins have been observed. This short review summarizes up current knowledge to provide insight about repressive functional mechanism of PRC1 and its interplay with other factors.
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