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Tao K, Li Y, Hu Y, Li Y, Zhang D, Li C, He G, Song Y, Shi Y, Li Y, Wang T, Lu Y, Liu X. Overexpression of ZmEXPA5 reduces anthesis-silking interval and increases grain yield under drought and well-watered conditions in maize. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:84. [PMID: 38009100 PMCID: PMC10667192 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting the maize production worldwide. As a cross-pollination crop, maize is sensitive to water stress at flowering stage. Drought at this stage leads to asynchronous development of male and female flower organ and increased interval between anthesis and silking, which finally causes failure of pollination and grain yield loss. In the present study, the expansin gene ZmEXPA5 was cloned and its function in drought tolerance was characterized. An indel variant in promoter of ZmEXPA5 is significantly associated with natural variation in drought-induced anthesis-silking interval. The drought susceptible haplotypes showed lower expression level of ZmEXPA5 than tolerant haplotypes and lost the cis-regulatory activity of ZmDOF29. Increasing ZmEXPA5 expression in transgenic maize decreases anthesis-silking interval and improves grain yield under both drought and well-watered environments. In addition, the expression pattern of ZmEXPA5 was analyzed. These findings provide insights into the genetic basis of drought tolerance and a promising gene for drought improvement in maize breeding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01432-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Tao
- College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080 China
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000 China
| | - Yue Hu
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yongxiang Li
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Dengfeng Zhang
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Chunhui Li
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Guanhua He
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yanchun Song
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yunsu Shi
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yuncai Lu
- College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080 China
| | - Xuyang Liu
- State Key Lab of Crop Gene Resource and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
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2
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Zhang Y, Van de Peer Y, Lu B, Zhang S, Che J, Chen J, Marchal K, Yang X. Expression divergence of expansin genes drive the heteroblasty in Ceratopteris chingii. BMC Biol 2023; 21:244. [PMID: 37926805 PMCID: PMC10626718 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01743-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sterile-fertile heteroblasty is a common phenomenon observed in ferns, where the leaf shape of a fern sporophyll, responsible for sporangium production, differs from that of a regular trophophyll. However, due to the large size and complexity of most fern genomes, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the formation of these functionally different heteroblasty have remained elusive. To shed light on these mechanisms, we generated a full-length transcriptome of Ceratopteris chingii with PacBio Iso-Seq from five tissue samples. By integrating Illumina-based sequencing short reads, we identified the genes exhibiting the most significant differential expression between sporophylls and trophophylls. RESULTS The long reads were assembled, resulting in a total of 24,024 gene models. The differential expressed genes between heteroblasty primarily involved reproduction and cell wall composition, with a particular focus on expansin genes. Reconstructing the phylogeny of expansin genes across 19 plant species, ranging from green algae to seed plants, we identified four ortholog groups for expansins. The observed high expression of expansin genes in the young sporophylls of C. chingii emphasizes their role in the development of heteroblastic leaves. Through gene coexpression analysis, we identified highly divergent expressions of expansin genes both within and between species. CONCLUSIONS The specific regulatory interactions and accompanying expression patterns of expansin genes are associated with variations in leaf shapes between sporophylls and trophophylls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yves Van de Peer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
- College of Horticulture, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bei Lu
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sisi Zhang
- Wuhan Institute of Landscape Architecture, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Jingru Che
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinming Chen
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Kathleen Marchal
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Information Technology, IDLab, IMEC, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Xingyu Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Landscape Architecture, Wuhan, 430081, China.
- Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College, Wuhan, 430200, China.
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Castaldi V, Bellino A, Baldantoni D. The ecology of bladderworts: The unique hunting-gathering-farming strategy in plants. FOOD WEBS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2023.e00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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4
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Li S, Chang L, Sun R, Dong J, Zhong C, Gao Y, Zhang H, Wei L, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Wang G, Sun J. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals a role for adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters and cell wall remodeling in response to salt stress in strawberry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:996765. [PMID: 36147238 PMCID: PMC9486094 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.996765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) are sensitive to salt stress, and breeding salt-tolerant strawberry cultivars is the primary method to develop resistance to increased soil salinization. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms mediating the response of strawberry to salinity stress remain largely unknown. This study evaluated the salinity tolerance of 24 strawberry varieties, and transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis were performed of 'Sweet Charlie' (salt-tolerant) and 'Benihoppe' (salt-sensitive) to explore salt tolerance mechanisms in strawberry. Compared with the control, we identified 3412 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 209 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in 'Benihoppe,' and 5102 DEGs and 230 DAMs in 'Sweet Charlie.' DEGs Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses indicated that the DEGs in 'Benihoppe' were enriched for ion homeostasis related terms, while in 'Sweet Charlie,' terms related to cell wall remodeling were over-represented. DEGs related to ion homeostasis and cell wall remodeling exhibited differential expression patterns in 'Benihoppe' and 'Sweet Charlie.' In 'Benihoppe,' 21 ion homeostasis-related DEGs and 32 cell wall remodeling-related DEGs were upregulated, while 23 ion homeostasis-related DEGs and 138 cell wall remodeling-related DEGs were downregulated. In 'Sweet Charlie,' 72 ion homeostasis-related DEGs and 275 cell wall remodeling-related DEGs were upregulated, while 11 ion homeostasis-related DEGs and 20 cell wall remodeling-related DEGs were downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed only four KEGG enriched pathways were shared between 'Benihoppe' and 'Sweet Charlie,' including flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and ubiquinone, and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis. Integrating the results of transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses showed that adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and flavonoid pathway genes might play important roles in the salt stress response in strawberry, and DAMs and DEGs related to ABC transporter and flavonoid pathways were differentially expressed or accumulated. The results of this study reveal that cell wall remodeling and ABC transporters contribute to the response to salt stress in strawberry, and that related genes showed differential expression patterns in varieties with different salt tolerances. These findings provide new insights into the underlying molecular mechanism of strawberry response to salt stress and suggest potential targets for the breeding of salt-tolerant strawberry varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangtao Li
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Chang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanfei Zhong
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Wei
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqing Wei
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yuntao Zhang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Samalova M, Gahurova E, Hejatko J. Expansin-mediated developmental and adaptive responses: A matter of cell wall biomechanics? QUANTITATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 3:e11. [PMID: 37077967 PMCID: PMC10095946 DOI: 10.1017/qpb.2022.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomechanical properties of the cell wall (CW) are important for many developmental and adaptive responses in plants. Expansins were shown to mediate pH-dependent CW enlargement via a process called CW loosening. Here, we provide a brief overview of expansin occurrence in plant and non-plant species, their structure and mode of action including the role of hormone-regulated CW acidification in the control of expansin activity. We depict the historical as well as recent CW models, discuss the role of expansins in the CW biomechanics and address the developmental importance of expansin-regulated CW loosening in cell elongation and new primordia formation. We summarise the data published so far on the role of expansins in the abiotic stress response as well as the rather scarce evidence and hypotheses on the possible mechanisms underlying expansin-mediated abiotic stress resistance. Finally, we wrap it up by highlighting possible future directions in expansin research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Samalova
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Evelina Gahurova
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hejatko
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biotechnological Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Author for correspondence: J. Hejatko, E-mail:
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6
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Miranda VFO, Silva SR, Reut MS, Dolsan H, Stolarczyk P, Rutishauser R, Płachno BJ. A Historical Perspective of Bladderworts ( Utricularia): Traps, Carnivory and Body Architecture. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122656. [PMID: 34961127 PMCID: PMC8707321 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The genus Utricularia includes around 250 species of carnivorous plants, commonly known as bladderworts. The generic name Utricularia was coined by Carolus Linnaeus in reference to the carnivorous organs (Utriculus in Latin) present in all species of the genus. Since the formal proposition by Linnaeus, many species of Utricularia were described, but only scarce information about the biology for most species is known. All Utricularia species are herbs with vegetative organs that do not follow traditional models of morphological classification. Since the formal description of Utricularia in the 18th century, the trap function has intrigued naturalists. Historically, the traps were regarded as floating organs, a common hypothesis that was maintained by different botanists. However, Charles Darwin was most likely the first naturalist to refute this idea, since even with the removal of all traps, the plants continued to float. More recently, due mainly to methodological advances, detailed studies on the trap function and mechanisms could be investigated. This review shows a historical perspective on Utricularia studies which focuses on the traps and body organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor F. O. Miranda
- Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Applied Biology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal CEP 14884-900, Brazil; (S.R.S.); (H.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Saura R. Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Applied Biology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal CEP 14884-900, Brazil; (S.R.S.); (H.D.)
| | - Markus S. Reut
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9 St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.R.); (B.J.P.)
| | - Hugo Dolsan
- Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Department of Applied Biology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Campus Jaboticabal, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal CEP 14884-900, Brazil; (S.R.S.); (H.D.)
| | - Piotr Stolarczyk
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Rolf Rutishauser
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Bartosz J. Płachno
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9 St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.R.); (B.J.P.)
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7
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Li K, Ma B, Shen J, Zhao S, Ma X, Wang Z, Fan Y, Tang Q, Wei D. The evolution of the expansin gene family in Brassica species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:630-638. [PMID: 34479031 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Expansin gene (EXP) family plays important roles in plant growth and crop improvement. However, it has not been well studied in the Brassica genus that includes several important agricultural and horticultural crops. To get insight to the evolution and expansion of EXP family in Brassica, Brassica EXPs which are homologues of 35 known AtEXPs of Arabidopsis were comprehensively and systematically analyzed in the present study. In total, 340 Brassica EXPs were clustered into four groups that corresponded multiple alignment to four subfamilies of AtEXPs, with divergent conserved motifs and cis-acting elements among groups. To understand the expansion of EXP family, an integrated genomic block system was constructed among Arabidopsis and Brassica species based on 24 known ancestral karyotype blocks. Obvious gene loss, segmental duplication, tandem duplication and DNA sequence repeat events were found during the expansion of Brassica EXPs, of which the segmental duplication was possibly the major driving force. The divergence time was estimated in 1109 orthologs pairs of EXPs, revealing the divergence of Brassica EXPs from AtEXPs during ~30 MYA, and the divergence of EXPs among Brassica species during 13.50-17.94 MYA. Selective mode analysis revealed that the purifying selection was the major contributor to expansion of Brassica EXPs. This study provides new insights into the evolution and expansion of the EXP family in Brassica genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Bi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jinjuan Shen
- Chongqing Yudongnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuling, 408000, China
| | - Sa Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yonghong Fan
- Chongqing Yudongnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuling, 408000, China
| | - Qinglin Tang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Dayong Wei
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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8
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Brasileiro ACM, Lacorte C, Pereira BM, Oliveira TN, Ferreira DS, Mota APZ, Saraiva MAP, Araujo ACG, Silva LP, Guimaraes PM. Ectopic expression of an expansin-like B gene from wild Arachis enhances tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1681-1696. [PMID: 34231270 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant expansins are structural cell wall-loosening proteins implicated in several developmental processes and responses to environmental constraints and pathogen infection. To date, there is limited information about the biological function of expansins-like B (EXLBs), one of the smallest and less-studied subfamilies of plant expansins. In the present study, we conducted a functional analysis of the wild Arachis AdEXLB8 gene in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants to clarify its putative role in mediating defense responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. First, its cell wall localization was confirmed in plants expressing an AdEXLB8:eGFP fusion protein, while nanomechanical assays indicated cell wall reorganization and reassembly due to AdEXLB8 overexpression without compromising the phenotype. We further demonstrated that AdEXLB8 increased tolerance not only to isolated abiotic (drought) and biotic (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Meloidogyne incognita) stresses but also to their combination. The jasmonate and abscisic acid signaling pathways were clearly favored in transgenic plants, showing an activated antioxidative defense system. In addition to modifications in the biomechanical properties of the cell wall, we propose that AdEXLB8 overexpression interferes with phytohormone dynamics leading to a defense primed state, which culminates in plant defense responses against isolated and combined abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruna M Pereira
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Thais N Oliveira
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Deziany S Ferreira
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ana P Z Mota
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Ana C G Araujo
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Luciano P Silva
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Zhao X, Yang J, Li G, Sun Z, Chen Y, Guo W, Li Y, Chen Y, Hou H. Identification, structure analysis, and transcript profiling of phosphate transporters under Pi deficiency in duckweeds. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:595-608. [PMID: 34389388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphate transporters (PHTs) mediate the uptake and translocation of phosphate in plants. A comprehensive analysis of the PHT family in aquatic plant is still lacking. In this study, we identified 73 PHT members of six major PHT families from four duckweed species. The phylogenetic analysis, gene structure and protein characteristics analysis revealed that PHT genes are highly conserved among duckweeds. Interaction network and miRNA target prediction showed that SpPHTs could interact with the important components of the nitrate/phosphate signaling pathway, and spo-miR399 might be a central regulator that mediates phosphate signal network in giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza). The modeled 3D structure of SpPHT proteins shared a high level of homology with template structures, which provide information to understand their functions at proteomic level. The expression profiles derived from transcriptome data and quantitative real-time PCR revealed that SpPHT genes are respond to exogenous stimuli and remarkably induced by phosphate starvation, phosphate is absorbed from aquatic environment by the whole duckweed plant. This study lays the foundation for further functional studies on PHT genes for genetic improvement and the promotion of phosphate uptake efficiency in duckweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gaojie Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zuoliang Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yixian Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yimeng Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Sun W, Yu H, Liu M, Ma Z, Chen H. Evolutionary research on the expansin protein family during the plant transition to land provides new insights into the development of Tartary buckwheat fruit. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:252. [PMID: 33836656 PMCID: PMC8034093 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07562-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant transitions to land require robust cell walls for regulatory adaptations and to resist changing environments. Cell walls provide essential plasticity for plant cell division and defense, which are often conferred by the expansin superfamily with cell wall-loosening functions. However, the evolutionary mechanisms of expansin during plant terrestrialization are unclear. RESULTS Here, we identified 323 expansin proteins in 12 genomes from algae to angiosperms. Phylogenetic evolutionary, structural, motif gain and loss and Ka/Ks analyses indicated that highly conserved expansin proteins were already present in algae and expanded and purified after plant terrestrialization. We found that the expansion of the FtEXPA subfamily was caused by duplication events and that the functions of certain duplicated genes may have differentiated. More importantly, we generated space-time expression profiles and finally identified five differentially expressed FtEXPs in both large and small fruit Tartary buckwheat that may regulate fruit size by responding to indoleacetic acid. CONCLUSIONS A total of 323 expansin proteins from 12 representative plants were identified in our study during terrestrialization, and the expansin family that originated from algae expanded rapidly after the plants landed. The EXPA subfamily has more members and conservative evolution in angiosperms. FtEXPA1, FtEXPA11, FtEXPA12, FtEXPA19 and FtEXPA24 can respond to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) signals and regulate fruit development. Our study provides a blueprint for improving the agronomic traits of Tartary buckwheat and a reference for defining the evolutionary history of the expansin family during plant transitions to land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014 China
| | - Haomiao Yu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014 China
| | - Moyang Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014 China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Zhaotang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Major Crop Diseases and Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014 China
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