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Taheri Karami G, Hemmatinafar M, Koushkie Jahromi M, Nemati J, Niknam A. Repeated mouth rinsing of coffee improves the specific-endurance performance and jump performance of young male futsal players. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2023; 20:2214108. [PMID: 37190757 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2214108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouth-rinsing with ergogenic solutions such as carbohydrate and caffeinated drinks has been considered among athletes as a practical nutritional strategy. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of repeated coffee mouth-rinsing (CMR) doses on specific performances of futsal players. METHOD Twenty-four male futsal players randomly participated in this randomized, double-blind, and crossover design study. During the intervention, participants were randomly placed in four different conditions including 1. low-dose CMR (LDC, n = 6, ~60 mg caffeine); 2. high-dose CMR (HDC, n = 6, ~125 mg caffeine); 3. decaffeinated CMR (PLA, n = 6, ~10 mg caffeine); and 4. no CMR (CON, n = 6). Vertical jump height was measured at baseline, baseline after CMR (baseline-CMR), immediately after the intermittent futsal endurance test (FIET) (IA-FIET), 5 min after the FIET (5"A-FIET) and 10 min after the FIET (10"A-FIET). Perceived fatigue was also measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline, IA-FIET, 5"A-FIET, and 10"A-FIET. CMR was also performed at baseline, during FIET (Repeated between levels), and 10'A-FIET. The collected data were analyzed (with SPSS software) by one- and two-way repeated measure ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test at P < 0.05 level. RESULTS The findings of the present study illustrated that the perceived fatigue in IA-FIET increased significantly compared to the baseline which was accompanied by a significant decrease in 5"A-FIET and 10"A-FIET compared to IA-FIET (P < 0.05), and no significant difference was observed between conditions in the baseline, IA-FIET, 5"A-FIET, and 10"A-FIET (P > 0.05). However, HDC and LDC rose significantly the distance covered in FIET compared to CON and PLA (P < 0.05). In addition, HDC increased the FIET performance more than LDC (P < 0.05). Although there was no difference between any of the conditions at baseline (P > 0.05), baseline-CMR increased significantly the vertical jump height (P < 0.05). At IA-FIET, vertical jump height decreased to baseline levels in CMR conditions but increased in 5"A-FIET, which remained constant until 10"A-FIET (P < 0.05). In addition, vertical jump height in HDC and LDC conditions was significantly higher than CON in IA-FIET, 5"A-FIET, and 10"A-FIET. CONCLUSION This study showed that repeated CMR with low and high doses is a useful strategy to improve specific futsal performance. However, higher dose CMR appears to have more profound effects on performance improvement than lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Taheri Karami
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hemmatinafar
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Koushkie Jahromi
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Niknam
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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do Nascimento Salvador PC, Nascimento EMF, Antunes D, Guglielmo LGA, Denadai BS. Energy metabolism and muscle activation heterogeneity explain V ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ slow component and muscle fatigue of cycling at different intensities. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:503-517. [PMID: 36648072 PMCID: PMC10103881 DOI: 10.1113/ep090444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What are the physiological mechanisms underlying muscle fatigue and the increase in the O2 cost per unit of work during high-intensity exercise? What is the main finding and its importance? Muscle fatigue happens before, and does not explain, theV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ slow component (V ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ ), but they share the same origin. Muscle activation heterogeneity is associated with muscle fatigue andV ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ . Knowing this may improve training prescriptions for healthy people leading to improved public health outcomes. ABSTRACT This study aimed to explain theV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ slow component (V ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ ) and muscle fatigue during cycling at different intensities. The muscle fatigue of 16 participants was determined through maximal isokinetic effort lasting 3 s during constant work rate bouts of moderate (MOD), heavy (HVY) and very heavy intensity (VHI) exercise. Breath-by-breathV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ , near-infrared spectroscopy signals and EMG activity were analysed (thigh muscles).V ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ was higher during VHI exercise (∼70% vs. ∼28% ofV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ reserve in HVY). The deoxygenated haemoglobin final value during VHI exercise was higher than during HVY and MOD exercise (∼90% of HHb physiological normalization, vs. ∼82% HVY and ∼45% MOD). The muscle fatigue was greater after VHI exercise (∼22% vs. HVY ∼5%). There was no muscle fatigue after MOD exercise. The greatest magnitude of muscle fatigue occurred within 2 min (VHI ∼17%; HVY ∼9%), after which it stabilized. No significant relationship betweenV ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ and muscle force production was observed. The τ of muscleV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ was significantly related (R2 = 0.47) with torque decrease for VHI. Type I and II muscle fibre recruitment mainly in the rectus femoris moderately explained the muscle fatigue (R2 = 0.30 and 0.31, respectively) and theV ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ (R2 = 0.39 and 0.27, respectively). TheV ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ is also partially explained by blood lactate accumulation (R2 = 0.42). In conclusion muscle fatigue and O2 cost seem to share the same physiological cause linked with a decrease in the muscleV ̇ O 2 ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}}$ and a change in lactate accumulation. Muscle fatigue andV ̇ O 2 sc ${\dot{V}}_{{{\rm{O}}}_{\rm{2}}{\rm{sc}}}$ are associated with muscle activation heterogeneity and metabolism of different muscles activated during cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cesar do Nascimento Salvador
- Physical effort LaboratorySports CentreFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil
- Leonardo da Vinci University – Uniasselvi/VITRU EducationIndaialBrazil
| | | | - Diego Antunes
- Physical effort LaboratorySports CentreFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil
| | | | - Benedito Sérgio Denadai
- Physical effort LaboratorySports CentreFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrazil
- Human Performance LaboratorySão Paulo State UniversityRio ClaroBrazil
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Feng Z, Wei Y, Xu Y, Zhang R, Li M, Qin H, Gu R, Cai M. The anti-fatigue activity of corn peptides and their effect on gut bacteria. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3456-3466. [PMID: 34839540 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corn peptides (CPs) are rich in branched-chain amino acids such as leucine and have a variety of biological activities such as antioxidant and improved lipid distribution. In this article, we prepared CPs by enzymatic digestion of corn proteins and evaluated their anti-fatigue activity. RESULTS We evaluated the anti-fatigue effect of CPs through an exhaustive swimming experiment. The results showed that CPs were able to significantly reduce the rate of body weight gain and prolong the duration of exhaustive swimming. Besides, CPs reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels after exercise, while they significantly increased muscle glycogen and liver glycogen stores. They reduced muscle cell damage from exercise. In addition, CPs were effective in increasing AMPK, PGC-1α and PI3K protein expression levels and promoting Akt phosphorylation. Correlation analysis showed that CPs increased the abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Akkermansia in the gut microflora. CONCLUSION CPs, which enhanced exercise performance in mice and could modulate gut microbial composition, had significant anti-fatigue activity. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Feng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yaguang Xu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Mingliang Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Qin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruizeng Gu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Muyi Cai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co. Fermentation Industries Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
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Li Q, Wang L, Fang X, Zhao L. Highly Efficient Biotransformation of Notoginsenoside R1 into Ginsenoside Rg1 by Dictyoglomus thermophilum β-xylosidase Xln-DT. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:447-457. [PMID: 35131955 PMCID: PMC9628812 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2111.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 are the main active ingredients of Panax notoginseng, exhibiting anti-fatigue, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. In a previous study, a GH39 β-xylosidase Xln-DT was responsible for the bioconversion of saponin, a natural active substance with a xylose group, with high selectivity for cleaving the outer xylose moiety of notoginsenoside R1 at the C-6 position, producing ginsenoside Rg1 with potent anti-fatigue activity. The optimal bioconversion temperature, pH, and enzyme dosage were obtained by optimizing the transformation conditions. Under optimal conditions (pH 6.0, 75°C, enzyme dosage 1.0 U/ml), 1.0 g/l of notoginsenoside R1 was converted into 0.86 g/l of ginsenoside Rg1 within 30 min, with a molar conversion rate of approximately 100%. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-fatigue activity of notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenoside Rg1 were compared using a suitable rat model. Compared with the control group, the forced swimming time to exhaustion was prolonged in mice by 17.3% in the Rg1 high group (20 mg/kg·d). Additionally, the levels of hepatic glycogen (69.9-83.3% increase) and muscle glycogen (36.9-93.6% increase) were increased. In the Rg1 group, hemoglobin levels were also distinctly increased by treatment concentrations. Our findings indicate that treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 enhances the anti-fatigue effects. In this study, we reveal a GH39 β-xylosidase displaying excellent hydrolytic activity to produce ginsenoside Rg1 in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Xianying Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,Corresponding authors X. Fang Phone : +86-025-85427962 Fax : +86-025-85418873 E-mail :
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Long Pan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China,
L. Zhao Phone : +86-025-85427962 Fax : +86-025-85418873 E-mail :
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Gizzi L, Yavuz UŞ, Hillerkuss D, Geri T, Gneiting E, Domeier F, Schmitt S, Röhrle O. Variations in Muscle Activity and Exerted Torque During Temporary Blood Flow Restriction in Healthy Individuals. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:557761. [PMID: 33816445 PMCID: PMC8017222 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.557761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that transitory blood flow restriction (BFR) may improve the outcomes of training from anatomical (hypertrophy) and neural control perspectives. Whilst the chronic consequences of BFR on local metabolism and tissue adaptation have been extensively investigated, its acute effects on motor control are not yet fully understood. In this study, we compared the neuromechanical effects of continuous BFR against non-restricted circulation (atmospheric pressure—AP), during isometric elbow flexions. BFR was achieved applying external pressure either between systolic and diastolic (lower pressure—LP) or 1.3 times the systolic pressure (higher pressure—HP). Three levels of torque (15, 30, and 50% of the maximal voluntary contraction—MVC) were combined with the three levels of pressure for a total of 9 (randomized) test cases. Each condition was repeated 3 times. The protocol was administered to 12 healthy young adults. Neuromechanical measurements (torque and high-density electromyography—HDEMG) and reported discomfort were used to investigate the response of the central nervous system to BFR. The investigated variables were: root mean square (RMS), and area under the curve in the frequency domain—for the torque, and average RMS, median frequency and average muscle fibres conduction velocity—for the EMG. The discomfort caused by BFR was exacerbated by the level of torque and accumulated over time. The torque RMS value did not change across conditions and repetitions. Its spectral content, however, revealed a decrease in power at the tremor band (alpha-band, 5–15 Hz) which was enhanced by the level of pressure and the repetition number. The EMG amplitude showed no differences whilst the median frequency and the conduction velocity decreased over time and across trials, but only for the highest levels of torque and pressure. Taken together, our results show strong yet transitory effects of BFR that are compatible with a motor neuron pool inhibition caused by increased activity of type III and IV afferences, and a decreased activity of spindle afferents. We speculate that a compensation of the central drive may be necessary to maintain the mechanical output unchanged, despite disturbances in the afferent volley to the motor neuron pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Gizzi
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Chair for Continuum Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Utku Ş Yavuz
- Department of Biomedical Signals and Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Dominic Hillerkuss
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Chair for Continuum Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tommaso Geri
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Gneiting
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Chair for Continuum Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Franziska Domeier
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Chair for Continuum Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Syn Schmitt
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Chair for Computational Biophysics and Biorobotics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Center for Simulation Technology (SC SimTech), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Oliver Röhrle
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, Chair for Continuum Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Center for Simulation Technology (SC SimTech), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Obadi M, Sun J, Xu B. Highland barley: Chemical composition, bioactive compounds, health effects, and applications. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110065. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kim JH, Cho HD, Won YS, Hong SM, Moon KD, Seo KI. Anti-Fatigue Effect of Prunus Mume Vinegar in High-Intensity Exercised Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051205. [PMID: 32344799 PMCID: PMC7281981 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, new types of vinegar have been developed using various raw materials and biotechnological processes. The fruit of Prunus mume has been extensively distributed in East Asia and used as a folk medication for fatigue. In this study, the Prunus mume vinegar (PV) was produced by a two-step fermentation and was evaluated for its anti-fatigue activity by C2C12 myoblasts and high-intensity exercised rats. The administration of PV significantly improved running endurance and glycogen accumulation in the liver and muscle of PV supplemented rats compared to sedentary and exercised control groups. In addition, PV supplementation elicited lower fatigue-related serum biomarkers, for instance, ammonia, inorganic phosphate, and lactate. PV administered rats exhibited higher lactate dehydrogenase activity and glutathione peroxidase activity, and lower creatine kinase activity and malondialdehyde levels. Furthermore, phenolic compounds in PV were identified using HPLC analysis. The phenolic acids analyzed in PV were protocatechuic acid, syringic acid, chlorogenic acid, and its derivates. These results indicate that the administration of PV with antioxidative property contributes to the improvement of fatigue recovery in exhausted rats. The findings of this study suggest that the PV containing various bioactive constituents can be used as a functional material against fatigue caused by high-intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ho Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (K.-D.M.)
| | - Hyun-Dong Cho
- Institute of Agricultural Life Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea;
| | - Yeong-Seon Won
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea;
| | - Seong-Min Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea;
| | - Kwang-Deog Moon
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (K.-D.M.)
| | - Kwon-Il Seo
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-200-7565
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Morel B, Lapole T, Liotard C, Hautier C. Critical Peripheral Fatigue Thresholds Among Different Force-Velocity Conditions: An Individual-Based Model Approach. Front Physiol 2019; 10:875. [PMID: 31379595 PMCID: PMC6646582 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During high intensity exercise, metabosensitive muscle afferents are thought to inhibit the motor drive command to restrict the level of peripheral fatigue to an individual's critical threshold. No evidence exists of an individual relationship between peripheral fatigue and the decrease in voluntary activation reached after prolonged all-out exercise. Moreover, there is no explanation for the previously reported large decrease in voluntary activation despite low metabolic stress during high force contractions. Thirteen active men completed two maximal intensity isokinetic knee extension tests (160 contractions) under conditions of low force - high velocity and high force - low velocity. Neuromuscular testing including maximal torque, evoked torque and voluntary activation, was done every 20 contractions. The exponential modeling of these variables over time allowed us to predict the stable state (asymptote) and the rate of decrease (curvature constant). For both high and low force contractions the evoked torque and voluntary activation asymptotes were negatively correlated (R 2 = 0.49 and R 2 = 0.46, respectively). The evoked torque asymptotes of the high and low force conditions were positively correlated (R 2 = 0.49). For the high force contractions, the evoked torque and voluntary activation curvature constant were negatively correlated (R 2 = 0.43). These results support the idea that a restrained central motor drive keeps peripheral fatigue under this threshold. Furthermore, an individual would show similar fatigue sensibility regardless of the force generated. These data also suggest that the decrease in voluntary activation might not have been triggered by peripheral perturbations during the first high force contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Morel
- EA 7424, F-42023, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Universite de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France.,Movement-Interactions-Performance, MIP, EA 4334, F-72000, Le Mans Université, Le Mans, France
| | - Thomas Lapole
- EA 7424, F-42023, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Universite de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Cyril Liotard
- EA 7424, F-42023, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Universite de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Christophe Hautier
- EA7424, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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Vaccari F, Floreani M, Tringali G, De Micheli R, Sartorio A, Lazzer S. Metabolic and muscular factors limiting aerobic exercise in obese subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:1779-1788. [PMID: 31187280 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04167-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to understand the role of central (cardiovascular O2 delivery) and peripheral factors (muscle level) in limiting the maximal aerobic performance in obese (OB) subjects. METHODS Fifteen OB (mean age ± SD 25 ± 7 years; BMI 43 ± 7 kg/m2) and 13 lean sedentary subjects (CTRL, age 27 ± 7 years; BMI 22 ± 3 kg/m2) participated in this study. Oxygen uptake (VO2), hearth rate (HR) and cardiac output (CO) were measured during cycle ergometer (CE) and knee extension (KE) incremental tests. Maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) of knee extensor muscles were performed before and immediately after the two tests. RESULTS VO2peak, HR peak and CO peak were significantly higher in CE than KE (+ 126%, + 33% and + 46%, respectively, p < 0.001), both in OB and CTRL subjects, without differences between the two subgroups. Maximal work rate was lower in OB than CTRL (191 ± 38 vs 226 ± 39 W, p < 0.05) in CE, while it was similar between the two subgroups in KE. Although CE and KE determined a reduction of MVC in both subgroups, MVC resulted less decreased after CE than KE exercises (- 14 vs - 32%, p < 0.001) in OB, while MVC decrements were similar after the two exercises in CTRL (- 26% vs - 30%, p > 0.05, for CE and KE, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The lower muscle fatigue observed in OB after CE compared to KE test suggests that central factors could be the most important limiting factor during cycling in OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Vaccari
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy. .,School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Mirco Floreani
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy.,School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tringali
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
| | - Roberta De Micheli
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy.,School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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