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Bechtold BJ, Lynch KD, Oyanna VO, Call MR, Graf TN, Oberlies NH, Clarke JD. Rifampin- and Silymarin-Mediated Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Exogenous and Endogenous Substrates in a Transgenic OATP1B Mouse Model. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2284-2297. [PMID: 38529622 PMCID: PMC11073900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3, encoded by the SLCO gene family of the solute carrier superfamily, are involved in the disposition of many exogenous and endogenous compounds. Preclinical rodent models help assess risks of pharmacokinetic interactions, but interspecies differences in transporter orthologs and expression limit direct clinical translation. An OATP1B transgenic mouse model comprising a rodent Slco1a/1b gene cluster knockout and human SLCO1B1 and SLCO1B3 gene insertions provides a potential physiologically relevant preclinical tool to predict pharmacokinetic interactions. Pharmacokinetics of exogenous probe substrates, pitavastatin and pravastatin, and endogenous OATP1B biomarkers, coproporphyrin-I and coproporphyrin-III, were determined in the presence and absence of known OATP/Oatp inhibitors, rifampin or silymarin (an extract of milk thistle [Silybum marianum]), in wild-type FVB mice and humanized OATP1B mice. Rifampin increased exposure of pitavastatin (4.6- and 2.8-fold), pravastatin (3.6- and 2.2-fold), and coproporphyrin-III (1.6- and 2.1-fold) in FVB and OATP1B mice, respectively, but increased coproporphyrin-I AUC0-24h only (1.8-fold) in the OATP1B mice. Silymarin did not significantly affect substrate AUC, likely because the silymarin flavonolignan concentrations were at or below their reported IC50 values for the relevant OATPs/Oatps. Silymarin increased the Cmax of pitavastatin 2.7-fold and pravastatin 1.9-fold in the OATP1B mice. The data of the OATP1B mice were similar to those of the pitavastatin and pravastatin clinical data; however, the FVB mice data more closely recapitulated pitavastatin clinical data than the data of the OATP1B mice, suggesting that the OATP1B mice are a reasonable, though costly, preclinical strain for predicting pharmacokinetic interactions when doses are optimized to achieve clinically relevant plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baron J. Bechtold
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Katherine D. Lynch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Victoria O. Oyanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - M. Ridge Call
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Tyler N. Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina, 27412, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina, 27412, United States
| | - John D. Clarke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
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Bechtold BJ, Lynch KD, Oyanna VO, Call MR, White LA, Graf TN, Oberlies NH, Clarke JD. Pharmacokinetic Effects of Different Models of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Transgenic Humanized OATP1B Mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:355-367. [PMID: 38485280 PMCID: PMC11023818 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 (collectively, OATP1B) transporters encoded by the solute carrier organic anion transporter (SLCO) genes mediate uptake of multiple pharmaceutical compounds. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), decreases OATP1B abundance. This research characterized the pathologic and pharmacokinetics effects of three diet- and one chemical-induced NAFLD model in male and female humanized OATP1B mice, which comprises knock-out of rodent Oatp orthologs and insertion of human SLCO1B1 and SLCO1B3. Histopathology scoring demonstrated elevated steatosis and inflammation scores for all NAFLD-treatment groups. Female mice had minor changes in SLCO1B1 expression in two of the four NAFLD treatment groups, and pitavastatin (PIT) area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) increased in female mice in only one of the diet-induced models. OATP1B3 expression decreased in male and female mice in the chemical-induced NAFLD model, with a coinciding increase in PIT AUC, indicating the chemical-induced model may better replicate changes in OATP1B3 expression and OATP substrate disposition observed in NASH patients. This research also tested a reported multifactorial pharmacokinetic interaction between NAFLD and silymarin, an extract from milk thistle seeds with notable OATP-inhibitory effects. Males showed no change in PIT AUC, whereas female PIT AUC increased 1.55-fold from the diet alone and the 1.88-fold from the combination of diet with silymarin, suggesting that female mice are more sensitive to pharmacokinetic changes than male mice. Overall, the humanized OATP1B model should be used with caution for modeling NAFLD and multifactorial pharmacokinetic interactions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Advanced stages of NAFLD cause decreased hepatic OATP1B abundance and increase systemic exposure to OATP substrates in human patients. The humanized OATP1B mouse strain may provide a clinically relevant model to recapitulate these observations and predict pharmacokinetic interactions in NAFLD. This research characterized three diet-induced and one drug-induced NAFLD model in a humanized OATP1B mouse model. Additionally, a multifactorial pharmacokinetic interaction was observed between silymarin and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baron J Bechtold
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Katherine D Lynch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Victoria O Oyanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - M Ridge Call
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Laura A White
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Tyler N Graf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - John D Clarke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Huang S, Liu J, Deng L, Liang C, Guo Y, Yao B, Wang X. Construction and characterization of a humanized SLCO1B1 rat model with its application in evaluating the uptake of different statins. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1592-1604. [PMID: 38572097 PMCID: PMC10985027 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1B1 (OATP1B1) plays a crucial role in the transport of statins. However, there are too few animal models related to OATP1B1, especially humanized animal models. In this study, the human SLCO1B1 cDNA was inserted into the second exon of the rat Slco1b2 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of statins were conducted in wild-type (WT), humanized OATP1B1 (hOATP1B1), and OATP1B2 knockout (OATP1B2 KO) rats, respectively. The results showed that human OATP1B1 was successfully expressed in rat liver and exhibited transport function. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic results revealed that OATP1B1 exhibited varying uptake levels of pivastatin, rosuvastatin, and fluvastatin, leading to different levels of exposure within the body. These results were consistent with those obtained from in vitro experiments using overexpressed cell lines. In conclusion, we established a novel humanized SLCO1B1 transgenic rat model to assess the role of human OATP1B1 in the uptake of different statins. The different uptake mediated by OATP1B1 may be an important reason for the different efficacy of statins. The hOATP1B1 rat is a promising model for improving the prediction of human drug transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjin Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junze Huang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shengbo Huang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Luyao Deng
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chenmeizi Liang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanqing Guo
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bingyi Yao
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Karlsson M, Simonsson C, Dahlström N, Cedersund G, Lundberg P. Mathematical models for biomarker calculation of drug-induced liver injury in humans and experimental models based on gadoxetate enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279168. [PMID: 36608050 PMCID: PMC9821424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug induced liver injury (DILI) is a major concern when developing new drugs. A promising biomarker for DILI is the hepatic uptake rate of the contrast agent gadoxetate. This rate can be estimated using a novel approach combining magnetic resonance imaging and mathematical modeling. However, previous work has used different mathematical models to describe liver function in humans or rats, and no comparative study has assessed which model is most optimal to use, or focused on possible translatability between the two species. AIMS Our aim was therefore to do a comparison and assessment of models for DILI biomarker assessment, and to develop a conceptual basis for a translational framework between the species. METHODS AND RESULTS We first established which of the available pharmacokinetic models to use by identifying the most simple and identifiable model that can describe data from both human and rats. We then developed an extension of this model for how to estimate the effects of a hepatotoxic drug in rats. Finally, we illustrated how such a framework could be useful for drug dosage selection, and how it potentially can be applied in personalized treatments designed to avoid DILI. CONCLUSION Our analysis provides clear guidelines of which mathematical model to use for model-based assessment of biomarkers for liver function, and it also suggests a hypothetical path to a translational framework for DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Karlsson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Christian Simonsson
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nils Dahlström
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Cedersund
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Lundberg
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Physics, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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ABCB1 restricts brain accumulation of the novel RORγ agonist cintirorgon, while OATP1A/1B and CYP3A limit its oral availability. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 177:135-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wang Y, Sparidans RW, Wang J, Li W, Lebre MC, Beijnen JH, Schinkel AH. Rifampin and ritonavir increase oral availability and elacridar enhances overall exposure and brain accumulation of the NTRK inhibitor larotrectinib. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 170:197-207. [PMID: 34952136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Larotrectinib is an FDA-approved oral small-molecule inhibitor for neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) fusion-positive cancer treatment. Here larotrectinib pharmacokinetic behavior upon co-administration with prototypical inhibitors of the efflux transporters ABCB1/ABCG2 (elacridar), the SLCO1A/1B (OATP1A/1B) uptake transporters (rifampin), and the drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP3A (ritonavir), respectively, was investigated. METHODS Inhibitors were orally administered prior to oral larotrectinib (10 mg/kg) to relevant genetically modified mouse models. Larotrectinib plasma and tissue homogenate concentrations were measured by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric assay. RESULTS Elacridar increased oral availability (2.7-fold) and markedly improved brain-to-plasma ratios (5.0-fold) of larotrectinib in wild-type mice. Mouse (m)Oatp1a/1b but not hepatic transgenic human (h)OATP1B1 or -1B3 restricted larotrectinib oral availability and affected its tissue distribution. Rifampin enhanced larotrectinib oral availability not only in wild-type mice (1.9-fold), but surprisingly also in Slco1a/1b-/- mice (1.7-fold). Similarly, ritonavir increased the larotrectinib plasma exposure in both wild-type (1.5-fold) and Cyp3a-/- mice (1.7-fold). Intriguingly, both rifampin and ritonavir decreased liver and/or intestinal larotrectinib levels in all related experimental groups, suggesting additional inhibition of enterohepatic Abcb1a/1b activity. CONCLUSIONS Elacridar enhances both larotrectinib plasma and tissue exposure and especially relative brain penetration, which might be therapeutically relevant. Hepatic mOatp1a/1b but not hOATP1B1 or -1B3 transported larotrectinib. Additionally, rifampin enhances larotrectinib systemic exposure, most likely by inhibiting mOatp1a/1b, but probably also hepatic and/or intestinal mAbcb1. Similar to rifampin, dual-inhibition functions of ritonavir affecting both CYP3A enzymes and enterohepatic Abcb1 transporters enhanced larotrectinib oral availability. The obtained insights may be used to further optimize the clinical-therapeutic application of larotrectinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaogeng Wang
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Wang
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wenlong Li
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria C Lebre
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Morse BL, Fallon JK, Kolur A, Hogan AT, Smith PC, Hillgren KM. Comparison of Hepatic Transporter Tissue Expression in Rodents and Interspecies Hepatic OCT1 Activity. AAPS JOURNAL 2021; 23:58. [PMID: 33903987 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic clearance may be uptake rate limited by organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) and organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1). While comparison of OATP activity has been investigated across species, little has been reported for OCT1. Additionally, while data on interspecies transporter expression in the liver exist, quantitative comparison of these transporters in multiple tissues is lacking. In the current research, the pharmacokinetics of OCT1 substrates (sumatriptan and metformin) were assessed in Oct knockout rats for comparison with previous Oct1/2-/- mice data and OCT1 pharmacogenetics in humans. Effect of OCT1 inhibitors verapamil and erlotinib on OCT1 substrate liver partitioning was also evaluated in rats. Expression of 18 transporters, including Oatps and Octs, in 9 tissues from mice and rats was quantitated using nanoLC/MS-MS, along with uptake transporters in hepatocytes from 5 species. Interspecies differences in OCT1 activity were further evaluated via uptake of OCT1 substrates in hepatocytes with corresponding in vivo liver partitioning in rodents and monkey. In Oct1-/- rats, sumatriptan hepatic clearance and liver partitioning decreased; however, metformin pharmacokinetics were unaffected. OCT1 inhibitor coadministration decreased sumatriptan liver partitioning. In rodents, Oatp expression was highest in the liver, although comparable expression of Oatps in other tissues was determined. Expression of Octs was highest in the kidney, with liver Oct1 expression comparably lower than Oatps. Liver partitioning of OCT1 substrates was lower in rodents than in monkey, in agreement with the highest OCT1 expression and uptake of OCT1 substrates in monkey hepatocytes. Species-dependent OCT1 activity requires consideration when translating preclinical data to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget L Morse
- Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
| | - John K Fallon
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anil Kolur
- Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Andrew T Hogan
- Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Philip C Smith
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hillgren
- Drug Disposition, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
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Eng H, Bi YA, West MA, Ryu S, Yamaguchi E, Kosa RE, Tess DA, Griffith DA, Litchfield J, Kalgutkar AS, Varma MVS. Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 1B1/1B3-Mediated Hepatic Uptake Determines the Pharmacokinetics of Large Lipophilic Acids: In Vitro-In Vivo Evaluation in Cynomolgus Monkey. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 377:169-180. [PMID: 33509903 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally presumed that uptake transport mechanisms are of limited significance in hepatic clearance for lipophilic or high passive-permeability drugs. In this study, we evaluated the mechanistic role of the hepato-selective organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) 1B1/1B3 in the pharmacokinetics of compounds representing large lipophilic acid space. Intravenous pharmacokinetics of 16 compounds with molecular mass ∼400-730 Da, logP ∼3.5-8, and acid pKa <6 were obtained in cynomolgus monkey after dosing without and with a single-dose rifampicin-OATP1B1/1B3 probe inhibitor. Rifampicin (30 mg/kg oral) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced monkey clearance and/or steady-state volume of distribution (VDss) for 15 of 16 acids evaluated. Additionally, clearance of danoprevir was reduced by about 35%, although statistical significance was not reached. A significant linear relationship was noted between the clearance ratio (i.e., ratio of control to treatment groups) and VDss ratio, suggesting hepatic uptake contributes to the systemic clearance and distribution simultaneously. In vitro transport studies using primary monkey and human hepatocytes showed uptake inhibition by rifampicin (100 µM) for compounds with logP ≤6.5 but not for the very lipophilic acids (logP > 6.5), which generally showed high nonspecific binding in hepatocyte incubations. In vitro uptake clearance and fraction transported by OATP1B1/1B3 (ft,OATP1B) were found to be similar in monkey and human hepatocytes. Finally, for compounds with logP ≤6.5, good agreement was noted between in vitro ft,OATP1B and clearance ratio (as well as VDss ratio) in cynomolgus monkey. In conclusion, this study provides mechanistic evidence for the pivotal role of OATP1B-mediated hepatic uptake in the pharmacokinetics across a wide, large lipophilic acid space. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study provides mechanistic insight into the pharmacokinetics of a broad range of large lipophilic acids. Organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1B1/1B3-mediated hepatic uptake is of key importance in the pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions of almost all drugs and new molecular entities in this space. Diligent in vitro and in vivo transport characterization is needed to avoid the false negatives often noted because of general limitations in the in vitro assays while handling compounds with such physicochemical attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Eng
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yi-An Bi
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mark A West
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sangwoo Ryu
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Emi Yamaguchi
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel E Kosa
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David A Tess
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David A Griffith
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - John Litchfield
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Amit S Kalgutkar
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Manthena V S Varma
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut (H.E., Y.B., M.A.W., S.R., E.Y., R.E.K., M.V.S.V.), and PDM (D.A.T., J.L., A.S.K.) and Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development (D.A.G.), Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
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9
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Russell LE, DeGorter MK, Ho RH, Leake BF, Schmerk CL, Mansell SE, Kim RB. Mouse NTCP–Mediated Rosuvastatin Uptake In Vitro and in Slc10a1-Deficient Mice. AAPS JOURNAL 2021; 23:17. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Feng B, Pemberton R, Dworakowski W, Ye Z, Zetterberg C, Wang G, Morikawa Y, Kumar S. Evaluation of the Utility of PXB Chimeric Mice for Predicting Human Liver Partitioning of Hepatic Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Transporter Substrates. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 49:254-264. [PMID: 33376106 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to predict human liver-to-plasma unbound partition coefficient (Kpuu) is important to estimate unbound liver concentration for drugs that are substrates of hepatic organic anion-transporting peptide (OATP) transporters with asymmetric distribution into the liver relative to plasma. Herein, we explored the utility of PXB chimeric mice with humanized liver that are highly repopulated with human hepatocytes to predict human hepatic disposition of OATP substrates, including rosuvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin, valsartan, and repaglinide. In vitro total uptake clearance and transporter-mediated active uptake clearance in C57 mouse hepatocytes were greater than in PXB chimeric mouse hepatocytes for rosuvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin, and valsartan. Consistent with in vitro uptake data, enhanced hepatic uptake and resulting total systemic clearance were observed with the above four compounds in severely compromised immune-deficient (SCID) control mice compared with the PXB chimeric mice, which suggest that mouse has a stronger transporter-mediated hepatic uptake than human. In vivo liver-to-plasma Kpuu from PXB chimeric and SCID control mice were also compared, and rosuvastatin and pravastatin Kpuu in SCID mice were more than 10-fold higher than that in PXB chimeric mice, whereas pitavastatin, valsartan, and repaglinide Kpuu in SCID mice were comparable with Kpuu in PXB chimeric mice. Finally, PXB chimeric mouse liver-to-plasma Kpuu values were compared with the reported human Kpuu, and a good correlation was observed as the PXB Kpuu vales were within 3-fold of human Kpuu Our results indicate that PXB mice could be a useful tool to delineate hepatic uptake and enable prediction of human liver-to-plasma Kpuu of hepatic uptake transporter substrates. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We evaluated PXB mouse with humanized liver for its ability to predict human liver disposition of five organic anion-transporting polypeptide transporter substrates. Both in vitro and in vivo data suggest that mouse liver has a stronger transporter-mediated hepatic uptake than the humanized liver in PXB mouse. More importantly, PXB liver-to-plasma unbound partition coefficient (Kpuu) values were compared with the reported human Kpuu, and a good correlation was observed. PXB mice could be a useful tool to project human liver-to-plasma Kpuu of hepatic uptake transporter substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Feng
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
| | - Rachel Pemberton
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
| | - Wojciech Dworakowski
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
| | - Zhengqi Ye
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
| | - Craig Zetterberg
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
| | - Yoshio Morikawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts (B.F., R.P., W.D., Z.Y., C.Z., G.W., S.K.) and PhoenixBio USA Corporation, New York City, New York (Y.M.)
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11
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Sanoh S, Naritomi Y, Kitamura S, Shinagawa A, Kakuni M, Tateno C, Ohta S. Predictability of human pharmacokinetics of drugs that undergo hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)-mediated transport using single-species allometric scaling in chimeric mice with humanized liver: integration with hepatic drug metabolism. Xenobiotica 2020; 50:1370-1379. [PMID: 32401667 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1769229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a prediction method for human pharmacokinetics (PK) using single species allometric scaling (SSS) and the complex Dedrick plot in chimeric mice with humanized liver to predict the total clearance (CLt), distribution volumes in steady state (Vdss) and plasma concentration-time profiles of several drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 (P450) and non-P450 enzymes. In the present study, we examined eight compounds (bosentan, cerivastatin, fluvastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, repaglinide, rosuvastatin, valsartan) as typical organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) substrates and six compounds metabolized by P450 and non-P450 enzymes to evaluate the predictability of CLt, Vdss and plasma concentration-time profiles after intravenous administration to chimeric mice. The predicted CLt and Vdss of drugs that undergo OATP-mediated uptake and P450/non-P450-mediated metabolism reflected the observed data from humans within a threefold error range. We also examined the possibility of predicting plasma concentration-time profiles of drugs that undergo OATP-mediated uptake using the complex Dedrick plot in chimeric mice. Most profiles could be superimposed with observed profiles from humans within a two- to threefold error range. PK prediction using SSS and the complex Dedrick plot in chimeric mice can be useful for evaluating drugs that undergo both OATP-mediated uptake and P450/non-P450-mediated metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoichi Naritomi
- Analysis and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kitamura
- Analysis and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shinagawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Chise Tateno
- R&D Dept, PhoenixBio, Co., Ltd, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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12
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Alluri RV, Li R, Varma MVS. Transporter–enzyme interplay and the hepatic drug clearance: what have we learned so far? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:387-401. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1749595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra V. Alluri
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rui Li
- Modeling and Simulations, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Manthena V. S. Varma
- ADME Sciences, Medicine Design, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
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13
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Anderson JT, Huang KM, Lustberg MB, Sparreboom A, Hu S. Solute Carrier Transportome in Chemotherapy-Induced Adverse Drug Reactions. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:177-215. [PMID: 32761456 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Members of the solute carrier (SLC) family of transporters are responsible for the cellular influx of a broad range of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. These proteins are highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and eliminating organs such as the liver and kidney, and are considered to be of particular importance in governing drug absorption and elimination. Many of the same transporters are also expressed in a wide variety of organs targeted by clinically important anticancer drugs, directly affect cellular sensitivity to these agents, and indirectly influence treatment-related side effects. Furthermore, targeted intervention strategies involving the use of transport inhibitors have been recently developed, and have provided promising lead candidates for combinatorial therapies associated with decreased toxicity. Gaining a better understanding of the complex interplay between transporter-mediated on-target and off-target drug disposition will help guide the further development of these novel treatment strategies to prevent drug accumulation in toxicity-associated organs, and improve the safety of currently available treatment modalities. In this report, we provide an update on this rapidly emerging field with particular emphasis on anticancer drugs belonging to the classes of taxanes, platinum derivatives, nucleoside analogs, and anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Anderson
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kevin M Huang
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alex Sparreboom
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shuiying Hu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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14
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Morse BL, Kolur A, Hudson LR, Hogan AT, Chen LH, Brackman RM, Sawada GA, Fallon JK, Smith PC, Hillgren KM. Pharmacokinetics of Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1) Substrates in Oct1/2 Knockout Mice and Species Difference in Hepatic OCT1-Mediated Uptake. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 48:93-105. [PMID: 31771949 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.088781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) plays a role in hepatic uptake of drugs, affecting in vivo exposure, distinguished primarily through pharmacogenetics of the SLC22A1 gene. The role of OCT1 in vivo has not been confirmed, however, via drug-drug interactions that similarly affect exposure. In the current research, we used Oct1/2 knockout mice to assess the role of Oct1 in hepatic clearance and liver partitioning of clinical substrates and assess the model for predicting an effect of OCT1 function on pharmacokinetics in humans. Four OCT1 substrates (sumatriptan, fenoterol, ondansetron, and tropisetron) were administered to wild-type and knockout mice, and plasma, tissue, and urine were collected. Tissue transporter expression was evaluated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In vitro, uptake of all compounds in human and mouse hepatocytes and human OCT1- and OCT2-expressing cells was evaluated. The largest effect of knockout was on hepatic clearance and liver partitioning of sumatriptan (2- to 5-fold change), followed by fenoterol, whereas minimal changes in the pharmacokinetics of ondansetron and tropisetron were observed. This aligned with uptake in mouse hepatocytes, in which inhibition of uptake of sumatriptan and fenoterol into mouse hepatocytes by an OCT1 inhibitor was much greater compared with ondansetron and tropisetron. Conversely, inhibition of all four substrates was evident in human hepatocytes, in line with reported clinical pharmacogenetic data. These data confirm the role of Oct1 in the hepatic uptake of the four OCT1 substrates and elucidate species differences in OCT1-mediated hepatocyte uptake that should be considered when utilizing the model to predict effects in humans. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Studies in carriers of SLC22A1 null variants indicate a role of organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) in the hepatic uptake of therapeutic agents, although OCT1-mediated drug-drug interactions have not been reported. This work used Oct1/2 knockout mice to confirm the role of Oct1 in the hepatic clearance and liver partitioning in mice for OCT1 substrates with reported pharmacogenetic effects. Species differences observed in mouse and human hepatocyte uptake clarify limitations of the knockout model for predicting exposure changes in humans for some OCT1 substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget L Morse
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Anil Kolur
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Loyd R Hudson
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Andrew T Hogan
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Lisa Hong Chen
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Ryan M Brackman
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Geri A Sawada
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - John K Fallon
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Philip C Smith
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
| | - Kathleen M Hillgren
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (B.L.M., A.K., L.R.H., A.T.H., L.H.C., R.M.B., G.A.S., K.M.H.); and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.K.F., P.C.S.)
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15
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Ogawa SI, Uehara S, Tsunenari Y, Kawai H, Suemizu H, Yamazaki H. Prediction of circulating human metabolites of pemafibrate, a novel antidyslipidemic drug, using chimeric mice with humanized liver. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:769-775. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1694198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Ogawa
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Co., Ltd, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shotaro Uehara
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tsunenari
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Co., Ltd, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawai
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Co., Ltd, Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Laboratory Animal Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Medwid S, Li MM, Knauer MJ, Lin K, Mansell SE, Schmerk CL, Zhu C, Griffin KE, Yousif MD, Dresser GK, Schwarz UI, Kim RB, Tirona RG. Fexofenadine and Rosuvastatin Pharmacokinetics in Mice with Targeted Disruption of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 2B1. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:832-842. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.087619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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17
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Mir FF, Tomaszewski RP, Shuboni-Mulligan DD, Mallett CL, Hix JML, Ether ND, Shapiro EM. Chimeric mouse model for MRI contrast agent evaluation. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:387-394. [PMID: 30874333 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE While rodents are the primary animal models for contrast agent evaluation, rodents can potentially misrepresent human organ clearance of newly developed contrast agents. For example, gadolinium (Gd)-BOPTA has ~50% hepatic clearance in rodents, but ~5% in humans. This study demonstrates the benefit of chimeric mice expressing human hepatic OATPs (organic anion-transporting polypeptides) to improve evaluation of novel contrast agents for clinical use. METHODS FVB (wild-type) and OATP1B1/1B3 knock-in mice were injected with hepatospecific MRI contrast agents (Gd-EOB-DTPA, Gd-BOPTA) and nonspecific Gd-DTPA. T1 -weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was performed on mice injected intravenously. Hepatic MRI signal enhancement was calculated per time point. Mass of gadolinium cleared per time point and percentage elimination by means of feces and urine were also measured. RESULTS Following intravenous injection of Gd-BOPTA in chimeric OATP1B1/1B3 knock-in mice, hepatic MRI signal enhancement and elimination by liver was more reflective of human hepatic clearance than that measured in wild-type mice. Gd-BOPTA hepatic MRI signal enhancement was reduced to 22% relative to wild-type mice. Gd-BOPTA elimination in wild-type mice was 83% fecal compared with 32% fecal in chimeric mice. Hepatic MRI signal enhancement and elimination for Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-DTPA were similar between wild-type and chimeric cohorts. CONCLUSION Hepatic MRI signal enhancement and elimination of Gd-EOB-DTPA, Gd-BOPTA, and Gd-DTPA in chimeric OATP1B1/1B3 knock-in mice closely mimics that seen in humans. This study provides evidence that the chimeric knock-in mouse is a more useful screening tool for novel MRI contrast agents destined for clinical use as compared to the traditionally used wild-type models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faryal F Mir
- Michigan State University, Department of Radiology, East Lansing, Michigan.,Michigan State University Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan.,Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Ryan P Tomaszewski
- Michigan State University, Department of Radiology, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Dorela D Shuboni-Mulligan
- Michigan State University, Department of Radiology, East Lansing, Michigan.,Michigan State University Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Christiane L Mallett
- Michigan State University, Department of Radiology, East Lansing, Michigan.,Michigan State University Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jeremy M L Hix
- Michigan State University, Department of Radiology, East Lansing, Michigan.,Michigan State University Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Nicholas D Ether
- Michigan State University, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Erik M Shapiro
- Michigan State University, Department of Radiology, East Lansing, Michigan.,Michigan State University Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan
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19
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Current Research Method in Transporter Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1141:203-240. [PMID: 31571166 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7647-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transporters play an important role in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs. In recent years, various in vitro, in situ/ex vivo, and in vivo methods have been established for studying transporter function and drug-transporter interaction. In this chapter, the major types of in vitro models for drug transport studies comprise membrane-based assays, cell-based assays (such as primary cell cultures, immortalized cell lines), and transporter-transfected cell lines with single transporters or multiple transporters. In situ/ex vivo models comprise isolated and perfused organs or tissues. In vivo models comprise transporter gene knockout models, natural mutant animal models, and humanized animal models. This chapter would be focused on the methods for the study of drug transporters in vitro, in situ/ex vivo, and in vivo. The applications, advantages, or limitations of each model and emerging technologies are also mentioned in this chapter.
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20
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Chang JH, Zhang X, Messick K, Chen YC, Chen E, Cheong J, Ly J. Unremarkable impact of Oatp inhibition on the liver concentration of fluvastatin, lovastatin and pitavastatin in wild-type and Oatp1a/1b knockout mouse. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:602-610. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1478167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae H. Chang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kirsten Messick
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eugene Chen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Cheong
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Justin Ly
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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21
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Uchida M, Tajima Y, Kakuni M, Kageyama Y, Okada T, Sakurada E, Tateno C, Hayashi R. Organic Anion–Transporting Polypeptide (OATP)–Mediated Drug-Drug Interaction Study between Rosuvastatin and Cyclosporine A in Chimeric Mice with Humanized Liver. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 46:11-19. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.075994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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22
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Bhatt DK, Prasad B. Critical Issues and Optimized Practices in Quantification of Protein Abundance Level to Determine Interindividual Variability in DMET Proteins by LC-MS/MS Proteomics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 103:619-630. [PMID: 28833066 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein quantification data on drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters (collectively referred as DMET proteins) in human tissues are useful in predicting interindividual variability in drug disposition. While targeted proteomics is an emerging technique for quantification of DMET proteins, the methodology involves significant technical challenges especially when multiple samples are analyzed in a single study over a long period of time. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly address the critical variables that could affect DMET protein quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Patel M, Taskar KS, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ. Importance of Hepatic Transporters in Clinical Disposition of Drugs and Their Metabolites. J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 56 Suppl 7:S23-39. [PMID: 27385177 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a practical clinical perspective on the relevance of hepatic transporters in pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Special emphasis is placed on transporters with clear relevance to clinical DDIs, efficacy, and safety. Basolateral OATP1B1 and 1B3 emerged as important hepatic drug uptake pathways, sites for systemic DDIs, and sources of pharmacogenetic variability. As the first step in hepatic drug removal from the circulation, OATPs are an important determinant of systemic pharmacokinetics, specifically influencing systemic absorption, clearance, and hepatic distribution for subsequent metabolism and/or excretion. Biliary excretion of parent drugs is a less prevalent clearance pathway than metabolism or urinary excretion, but BCRP and MRP2 are critically important to biliary/fecal elimination of drug metabolites. Inhibition of biliary excretion is typically not apparent at the level of systemic pharmacokinetics but can markedly increase liver exposure. Basolateral efflux transporters MRP3 and MRP4 mediate excretion of parent drugs and, more commonly, polar metabolites from hepatocytes into blood. Basolateral excretion is an area in need of further clinical investigation, which will necessitate studies more complex than just systemic pharmacokinetics. Clinical relevance of hepatic uptake is relatively well appreciated, and clinical consequences of hepatic excretion (biliary and basolateral) modulation remain an active research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitesh Patel
- Mechanistic Safety and Disposition, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Kunal S Taskar
- Mechanistic Safety and Disposition, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
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24
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Lee SC, Arya V, Yang X, Volpe DA, Zhang L. Evaluation of transporters in drug development: Current status and contemporary issues. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 116:100-118. [PMID: 28760687 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Transporters govern the access of molecules to cells or their exit from cells, thereby controlling the overall distribution of drugs to their intracellular site of action. Clinically relevant drug-drug interactions mediated by transporters are of increasing interest in drug development. Drug transporters, acting alone or in concert with drug metabolizing enzymes, can play an important role in modulating drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, thus affecting the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of a drug. The drug interaction guidance documents from regulatory agencies include various decision criteria that may be used to predict the need for in vivo assessment of transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions. Regulatory science research continues to assess the prediction performances of various criteria as well as to examine the strength and limitations of each prediction criterion to foster discussions related to harmonized decision criteria that may be used to facilitate global drug development. This review discusses the role of transporters in drug development with a focus on methodologies in assessing transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions, challenges in both in vitro and in vivo assessments of transporters, and emerging transporter research areas including biomarkers, assessment of tissue concentrations, and effect of diseases on transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue-Chih Lee
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Vikram Arya
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Xinning Yang
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Donna A Volpe
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
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25
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Ronaldson PT, Bauer B, El-Kattan AF, Shen H, Salphati L, Louie SW. Highlights From the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists/ International Transporter Consortium Joint Workshop on Drug Transporters in Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion: From the Bench to the Bedside - Clinical Pharmacology Considerations. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:419-422. [PMID: 27500791 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists/International Transporter Consortium Joint Workshop on Drug Transporters in absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion was held with the objective of discussing innovative advances in transporter pharmacology. Specific topics included (i) transporters at the blood-brain barrier (BBB); (ii) emerging transport proteins; (iii) recent advances in achieving hepatoselectivity and optimizing clearance for organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) substrates; (iv) utility of animal models for transporter studies; and (v) clinical correlation of transporter polymorphisms. Here, we present state-of-the-art highlights from this workshop in these key areas of focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T Ronaldson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
| | - B Bauer
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - H Shen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - L Salphati
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - S W Louie
- Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Durmus S, van Hoppe S, Schinkel AH. The impact of Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptides (OATPs) on disposition and toxicity of antitumor drugs: Insights from knockout and humanized mice. Drug Resist Updat 2016; 27:72-88. [PMID: 27449599 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is now widely accepted that organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs), especially members of the OATP1A/1B family, can have a major impact on the disposition and elimination of a variety of endogenous molecules and drugs. Owing to their prominent expression in the sinusoidal plasma membrane of hepatocytes, OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 play key roles in the hepatic uptake and plasma clearance of a multitude of structurally diverse anti-cancer and other drugs. Here, we present a thorough assessment of the currently available OATP1A and OATP1B knockout and transgenic mouse models as key tools to study OATP functions in vivo. We discuss recent studies using these models demonstrating the importance of OATPs, primarily in the plasma and hepatic clearance of anticancer drugs such as taxanes, irinotecan/SN-38, methotrexate, doxorubicin, and platinum compounds. We further discuss recent work on OATP-mediated drug-drug interactions in these mouse models, as well as on the role of OATP1A/1B proteins in the phenomenon of hepatocyte hopping, an efficient and flexible way of liver detoxification for both endogenous and exogenous substrates. Interestingly, glucuronide conjugates of both the heme breakdown product bilirubin and the protein tyrosine kinase-targeted anticancer drug sorafenib are strongly affected by this process. The clinical relevance of variation in OATP1A/1B activity in patients has been previously revealed by the effects of polymorphic variants and drug-drug interactions on drug toxicity. The development of in vivo tools to study OATP1A/1B functions has greatly advanced our mechanistic understanding of their functional role in drug pharmacokinetics, and their implications for therapeutic efficacy and toxic side effects of anticancer and other drug treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvi Durmus
- Bilkent University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 06800 Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Stéphanie van Hoppe
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Oncology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Oncology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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27
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Ma BL, Ma YM. Pharmacokinetic herb–drug interactions with traditional Chinese medicine: progress, causes of conflicting results and suggestions for future research. Drug Metab Rev 2016; 48:1-26. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1124888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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28
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Durmus S, Lozano-Mena G, van Esch A, Wagenaar E, van Tellingen O, Schinkel AH. Preclinical Mouse Models To Study Human OATP1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Vivo. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4259-69. [PMID: 26474710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The impact of OATP drug uptake transporters in drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is increasingly recognized. OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 are human hepatic uptake transporters that can mediate liver uptake of a wide variety of drugs. Recently, we generated transgenic mice with liver-specific expression of human OATP1B1 or OATP1B3 in a mouse Oatp1a/1b knockout background. Here, we investigated the applicability of these mice in OATP-mediated drug-drug interaction studies using the prototypic OATP inhibitor rifampicin and a good OATP substrate, the anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX). We next assessed the possibility of OATP-mediated interactions between telmisartan and MTX, a clinically relevant drug combination. Using HEK293 cells overexpressing OATP1B1 or OATP1B3, we estimated IC50 values for both rifampicin (0.9 or 0.3 μM) and telmisartan (6.7 or 7.9 μM) in inhibiting OATP-mediated MTX uptake in vitro. Using wild-type, Oatp1a/1b-/-, and OATP1B1- or OATP1B3-humanized transgenic mice, we found that rifampicin inhibits hepatic uptake of MTX mediated by the mouse Oatp1a/1b and human OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 transporters at clinically relevant concentrations. This highlights the applicability of these mouse models for DDI studies and may be exploited in the clinic to reduce the dose and thus methotrexate-mediated toxicity. On the other hand, telmisartan inhibited only human OATP1B1-mediated hepatic uptake of MTX at concentrations higher than those used in the clinic; therefore risks for OATP-mediated clinical DDIs for this drug combination are likely to be low. Overall, we show here that OATP1B1- and OATP1B3-humanized mice can be used as in vivo tools to assess and possibly predict clinically relevant DDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvi Durmus
- Division of Molecular Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gloria Lozano-Mena
- Division of Molecular Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology and Nutrition and Institute of Food Safety Research (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anita van Esch
- Division of Molecular Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Els Wagenaar
- Division of Molecular Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- Division of Molecular Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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Scheer N, Wilson ID. A comparison between genetically humanized and chimeric liver humanized mouse models for studies in drug metabolism and toxicity. Drug Discov Today 2015; 21:250-63. [PMID: 26360054 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mice that have been genetically humanized for proteins involved in drug metabolism and toxicity and mice engrafted with human hepatocytes are emerging and promising in vivo models for an improved prediction of the pharmacokinetic, drug-drug interaction and safety characteristics of compounds in humans. The specific advantages and disadvantages of these models should be carefully considered when using them for studies in drug discovery and development. Here, an overview on the corresponding genetically humanized and chimeric liver humanized mouse models described to date is provided and illustrated with examples of their utility in drug metabolism and toxicity studies. We compare the strength and weaknesses of the two different approaches, give guidance for the selection of the appropriate model for various applications and discuss future trends and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian D Wilson
- Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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30
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Shen H, Su H, Liu T, Yao M, Mintier G, Li L, Fancher RM, Iyer R, Marathe P, Lai Y, Rodrigues AD. Evaluation of Rosuvastatin as an Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide (OATP) Probe Substrate: In Vitro Transport and In Vivo Disposition in Cynomolgus Monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 353:380-91. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.221804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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