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Obukohwo OM, Ben-Azu B, Nwangwa EK, Ohwin EP, Igweh JC, Adeogun Adetomiwa E. Adverse hematological profiles associated with chlorpromazine antipsychotic treatment in male rats: Preventive and reversal mechanisms of taurine and coenzyme-Q10. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:448-462. [PMID: 38693965 PMCID: PMC11061245 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is one of the most effective antipsychotic drugs used for managing psychotic related disorders owing to its dopamine receptor blocking action. However, pharmacological investigations against CPZ's cytotoxic effect have remained scarce. Hence, this study investigated the preventive and reversal effects of taurine and coenzyme-Q10 (COQ-10), which are compounds with proven natural antioxidant properties, against CPZ-induced hematological impairments in male rats. In the preventive study, rats received oral saline (10 ml/kg), taurine (150 mg/kg/day), COQ-10 (10 mg/kg/day) or in combination for 56 days, alongside CPZ (30 mg/kg, p.o.) between days 29-56. In the reversal protocol, rats had CPZ repeatedly for 56 days before taurine and COQ-10 treatments or their combination from days 29-56. Rats were also given taurine (150 mg/kg/day), and COQ-10 (10 mg/kg/day) alone for 56 days. Serums were extracted and assayed for hematological, with oxidative and inflammatory markers. CPZ induced decreased red/white blood cells, erythropoietin, platelet count, packed cell volume and hemoglobin, neutrophil, and lymphocyte, which were prevented and reversed by taurine and COQ-10, or their combination. Taurine and COQ-10 improved mean corpuscular volume, hemoglobin concentration, with increased erythropoietin levels relative to CPZ groups. CPZ-induced increased malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels with decreased interleukin-10, glutathione, and superoxide-dismutase were prevented and reversed by taurine and COQ-10 in comparison with CPZ groups. Taurine and COQ-10 alone notably improved the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory status relative to controls. Among other mechanisms, taurine and COQ-10 abated CPZ-induced hematological deficiencies, via decreased serum levels of oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, with increased antioxidants and anti-inflammation function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyovwi Mega Obukohwo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- DELSU Joint Canada-Israel Neuroscience and Biopsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Eze Kingsley Nwangwa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Ejiro Peggy Ohwin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - John C. Igweh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
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Wang Z, Xing C, van der Laan LJW, Verstegen MMA, Spee B, Masereeuw R. Cholangiocyte organoids to study drug-induced injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:78. [PMID: 38475870 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug induced bile duct injury is a frequently observed clinical problem leading to a wide range of pathological features. During the past decades, several agents have been identified with various postulated mechanisms of bile duct damage, however, mostly still poorly understood. METHODS Here, we investigated the mechanisms of chlorpromazine (CPZ) induced bile duct injury using advanced in vitro cholangiocyte cultures. Intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids (ICOs) were driven into mature cholangiocyte like cells (CLCs), which were exposed to CPZ under cholestatic or non-cholestatic conditions through the addition of a bile acid cocktail. RESULTS CPZ caused loss of monolayer integrity by reducing expression levels of tight junction protein 1 (TJP1), E-cadherin 1 (CDH1) and lysyl oxidase homolog 2 (LOXL2). Loss of zonula occuludens-1 (ZO-1) and E-cadherin was confirmed by immunostaining after exposure to CPZ and rhodamine-123 leakage further confirmed disruption of the cholangiocyte barrier function. Furthermore, oxidative stress seemed to play a major role in the early damage response by CPZ. The drug also decreased expression of three main basolateral bile acid transporters, ABCC3 (ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 3), SLC51A/B (solute carrier family 51 subunit alpha/beta) and multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1), thereby contributing to bile acid accumulation. CPZ did not induce an inflammatory response by itself, but addition of TNFα revealed a synergistic effect. CONCLUSION These results show that ICOs present a model to identify toxic drugs affecting the bile ducts while providing mechanistic insights into hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Wang
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chen Xing
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc J W van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M A Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Spee
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Guo H, Yu H, Zu H, Cui J, Ding H, Xia Y, Chen D, Zeng Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang LW. Mechanistic Study for Drug Induced Cholestasis Using Batch-Fabricated 3D Spheroids Developed by Agarose-Stamping Method. Toxicol Lett 2023; 383:S0378-4274(23)00202-3. [PMID: 37327977 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell spheroid culture can recapitulate the tissue microstructure and cellular responses in vivo. While there is a strong need to understand the modes of toxic action using the spheroid culture method, existing preparation techniques suffer from low efficiency and high cost. Herein, we developed a metal stamp containing hundreds of protrusions for batch bulk preparation of cell spheroids in each well of the culture plates. The agarose matrix imprinted by the stamp can form an array of hemispherical pits, which facilitated the fabrication of hundreds of uniformly sized rat hepatocyte spheroids in each well. Chlorpromazine (CPZ) was used as a model drug to investigate the mechanism for drug induced cholestasis (DIC) by agarose-stamping method. Hepatocyte spheroids showed a more sensitive detection of hepatotoxicity compared to 2D and Matrigel-based culture systems. Cell spheroids were also collected for staining of cholestatic protein and showed a CPZ-concentration-dependent decrease of bile acid efflux related proteins (BSEP and MRP2) and tight junction (ZO-1). In addition, the stamping system successfully delineated the DIC mechanism by CPZ that may be associated with the phosphorylation of MYPT1 and MLC2, two central proteins in the Rho-associated protein kinase pathway (ROCK), which were significantly attenuated by ROCK inhibitors. Our results demonstrated a large-scale fabrication of cell spheroids by the agarose-stamping method, with promising benefits for exploring the mechanisms for drug hepatotoxic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Huan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - He Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jinbin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Heng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yanan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Clinical Pharmacology& Bioanalytics, Development China, Pfizer Pharmaceutical Ltd., Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yangyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Leshuai W Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Li L, Liu X, Cui Y, Chen Y, Wu H, Wang J, Gong X, Gao X, Yang L, Li J, Sun X, Mao F, Wang Y. Novel chlorpromazine derivatives as anti-endometrial carcinoma agents with reduced extrapyramidal side effects. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106008. [PMID: 35868106 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As the traditional conservative remedy for endometrial carcinoma (EC), progesterone has great limitations due to its poor performance, and a new strategy is urgently needed. Our previous work revealed that the antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine (CPZ) has stronger antitumor activity on EC than progesterone does, which may provide a promising conservative alternative for EC patients. Unfortunately, the severe extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs) at concentrations (>5 mg/kg) that are required for anticarcinoma activity limited its repurposing. Therefore, a series of novel CPZ derivatives were designed and synthesized to avoid EPS and retain its antitumor activity. Among them, 11·2HCl and 18 displayed greater inhibitory activity by modulating SOS1. Notably, even at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 11·2HCl/18 had little effect on the extrapyramidal system. In conclusion, 11·2HCl and 18 greatly repressed the malignant features of endometrial carcinoma and decreased extrapyramidal side effects compared with the original drug CPZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yunxia Cui
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodi Gong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000, China; Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China.
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Vasilogianni AM, El-Khateeb E, Al-Majdoub ZM, Alrubia S, Rostami-Hodjegan A, Barber J, Achour B. Proteomic quantification of perturbation to pharmacokinetic target proteins in liver disease. J Proteomics 2022; 263:104601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Non-oxidative ethanol metabolism in human hepatic cells in vitro: Involvement of uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 in ethylglucuronide production. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 66:104842. [PMID: 32283135 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol is the most frequently psychoactive substance used in the world, leading to major public health problems with several millions of deaths attributed to alcohol consumption each year. Metabolism of ethanol occurs mainly in the liver via the predominant oxidative metabolism pathway involving phase I enzymes including alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1 and catalase. In a lesser extent, an alternative non-oxidative pathway also contributes to the metabolism of ethanol, which involves the uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and sulfotransferase (SULT) phase II enzymes. Using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, ethylglucuronide (EtG) and ethylsulfate (EtS) produced respectively by UGT and SULT conjugation and detected in various biological samples are direct markers of alcohol consumption. We report herein the efficient non-oxidative metabolic pathway of ethanol in human differentiated HepaRG cells compared to primary human hepatocytes (HH). We showed dose- and time-dependent production of EtS and EtG after ethanol (25 or 50 mM) treatment in culture media of differentiated HepaRG cells and HH and a significant induction of CYP2E1 mRNA expression upon acute ethanol exposure in HepaRG cells. These differentiated hepatoma cells thus represent a suitable in vitro human liver cell model to explore ethanol metabolism and more particularly EtG and EtS production. In addition, using recombinant HepG2 cells expressing different UGT1A genes, we found that UGT1A9 was the major UGT involved in ethanol glucuronidation.
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Validation of Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies by RT-qPCR in HepaRG Cells during Toxicity Testing and Disease Modelling. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030770. [PMID: 32245194 PMCID: PMC7140694 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is routinely used in biomedical studies. The reproducibility and reliability of the data fundamentally depends on experimental design and data interpretation. Despite the wide application of this assay, there is significant variation in the validation process of gene expression data from research laboratories. Since the validity of results depends on appropriate normalisation, it is crucial to select appropriate reference gene(s), where transcription of the selected gene is unaffected by experimental setting. In this study we have applied geNorm technology to investigate the transcription of 12 ‘housekeeping’ genes for use in the normalisation of RT-qPCR data acquired using a widely accepted HepaRG hepatic cell line in studies examining models of pre-clinical drug testing. geNorm data identified a number of genes unaffected by specific drug treatments and showed that different genes remained invariant in response to different drug treatments, whereas the transcription of ‘classical’ reference genes such as GAPDH (glyceralde- hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) was altered by drug treatment. Comparing data normalised using the reference genes identified by geNorm with normalisation using classical housekeeping genes demonstrated substantial differences in the final results. In light of cell therapy application, RT-qPCR analyses has to be carefully evaluated to accurately interpret data obtained from dynamic cellular models undergoing sequential stages of phenotypic change.
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Short communication: Chlorpromazine causes a time-dependent decrease of lipids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Interdiscip Toxicol 2020; 12:41-44. [PMID: 32189986 PMCID: PMC7061449 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2019-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is still a commonly prescribed antipsychotic which causes poorly understood idiosyncratic toxicity such as cholestasis, phospholipidosis and steatosis. CPZ has diverse cellular targets and exerts various toxicity mechanisms whose exploration is necessary to understand CPZ side effects. We report here that CPZ causes a decrease of total lipid content in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at the same dose range as that used on mammalian cells. The observed lipid decrease was obvious after 4 and 9 hours of treatment, and disappeared after 24 hours due to cells adaptation to the chemical stress. The inhibitory effect of CPZ was antagonized by the antioxidant N-acetyl L-cysteine and is likely caused by the parent compound. The obtained results demonstrate that yeast model is valid to investigate the involved CPZ toxicity mechanisms, particularly in terms of lipids alteration. This would contribute to understand CPZ side effects in simple model and reduce experimentation on animals.
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Messner CJ, Mauch L, Suter-Dick L. Bile salts regulate CYP7A1 expression and elicit a fibrotic response and abnormal lipid production in 3D liver microtissues. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 60:261-271. [PMID: 31195089 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Disrupted regulation and accumulation of bile salts (BS) in the liver can contribute towards progressive liver damage and fibrosis. Here, we investigated the role of BS in the progression of cholestatic injury and liver fibrosis using 3D scaffold-free multicellular human liver microtissues (MTs) comprising the cell lines HepaRG, THP-1 and hTERT-HSCs. This in vitro model has been shown to recapitulate cellular events leading to fibrosis including hepatocellular injury, inflammation and activation of HSCs, ultimately leading to increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). In order to better differentiate the contribution of individual cells during cholestasis, the effects of BS were evaluated either on each of the three cell types individually or on the multicellular MTs. Our data corroborate the toxic effects of BS on HepaRG cells and indicate that BS exposure elicited a slight increase in cytokines without causing stellate cell activation. Contrarily, using the MTs, we could demonstrate that low concentrations of BS led to cellular damage and triggered a fibrotic response. This indicates that cellular interplay is required to achieve BS-triggered activation of HSC. Moreover, BS were capable of down-regulating CYP7A1 expression in MTs and elicited abnormal lipid production (accumulation) concordant with clinical cases where chronic cholestasis results in hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Jane Messner
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Linda Mauch
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
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Role of ERK1/2 in TNFα-induced internalization of Abcc2 in rat hepatocyte couplets. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 164:311-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Sharanek A, Burban A, Ciriaci N, Guillouzo A. Pro-inflammatory cytokines enhance dilatation of bile canaliculi caused by cholestatic antibiotics. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 58:51-59. [PMID: 30876886 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many drugs can induce liver injury, characterized by hepatocellular, cholestatic or mixed hepatocellular-cholestatic lesions. While an inflammatory stress is known to aggravate hepatocellular injury caused by some drugs much less evidence exists for cholestatic features. In this study, the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α), either individually or combined, on cytotoxic and cholestatic properties of antibiotics was evaluated using differentiated HepaRG cells. Six antibiotics of various chemical structures and known to cause cholestasis and/or hepatocellular injury in clinic were investigated. Caspase-3 activity was increased with all these tested hepatotoxic drugs and except with erythromycin, was further augmented in presence of cytokines mainly when these were co-added as a mixture. TNF-α and IL-1β aggravated cytotoxicity of TVX more than IL-6. Bile canaliculi (BC) dilatation induced by cholestatic drugs was increased by co-treatment with IL-6 and IL-1β but not with TNF-α. Reduced accumulation of carboxy-dichlorofluorescein, a substrate of the multi-drug resistance-associated protein 2, in antibiotic-induced dilatated BC, was further extended in presence of individual or mixed cytokines. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that pro-inflammatory cytokines either individually or in mixture, can modulate cholestatic and/or cytotoxic responses to antibiotics and that the extent of these effects is dependent on the cytokine and the cholestatic antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Sharanek
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), UMR_S 1241, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Audrey Burban
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), UMR_S 1241, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nadia Ciriaci
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), UMR_S 1241, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - André Guillouzo
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), UMR_S 1241, 35000 Rennes, France.
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Fernández-Murga ML, Petrov PD, Conde I, Castell JV, Goméz-Lechón MJ, Jover R. Advances in drug-induced cholestasis: Clinical perspectives, potential mechanisms and in vitro systems. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:196-212. [PMID: 29990576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite growing research, drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a serious issue of increasing importance to the medical community that challenges health systems, pharmaceutical industries and drug regulatory agencies. Drug-induced cholestasis (DIC) represents a frequent manifestation of DILI in humans, which is characterised by an impaired canalicular bile flow resulting in a detrimental accumulation of bile constituents in blood and tissues. From a clinical point of view, cholestatic DILI generates a wide spectrum of presentations and can be a diagnostic challenge. The drug classes mostly associated with DIC are anti-infectious, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, psychotropic and cardiovascular agents, steroids, and other miscellaneous drugs. The molecular mechanisms of DIC have been investigated since the 1980s but they remain debatable. It is recognised that altered expression and/or function of hepatobiliary membrane transporters underlies some forms of cholestasis, and this and other concomitant mechanisms are very likely in DIC. Deciphering these processes may pave the ways for diagnosis, prognosis and prevention, for which currently major gaps and caveats exist. In this review, we summarise recent advances in the field of DIC, including clinical aspects, the potential mechanisms postulated so far and the in vitro systems that can be useful to investigate and identify new cholestatic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leonor Fernández-Murga
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Petar D Petrov
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Conde
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose V Castell
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
| | - M José Goméz-Lechón
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Unidad de Hepatología Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Spain.
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13
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Abstract
Purpose of the review This review serves to update the reader on emerging data regarding a spectrum of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) outcomes that lie between complete resolution and acute liver failure. Such outcomes can range from mild chronic injury to late liver failure and mortality. Recent findings Several large registries are maturing with large numbers of DILI cases thus shedding light on outcomes including chronic injury and late fatality. We cover definitions commonly used to describe resolution versus chronic injury and mortality due to DILI. We look at rates of occurrence for these different outcomes in major registries. Three specific types of chronic DILI that are illustrative but also easily missed by clinicians are also described. Summary A small but important proportion of DILI cases do not resolve, going on to develop chronic injury and even liver failure. Defining and recognizing these cases is a challenge because DILI is rare, and chronic injury rarer still. Large registries are beginning to define these previously overlooked long term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Hayashi
- division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Einar S Bjornsson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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14
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Prasad B, Bhatt DK, Johnson K, Chapa R, Chu X, Salphati L, Xiao G, Lee C, Hop CECA, Mathias A, Lai Y, Liao M, Humphreys WG, Kumer SC, Unadkat JD. Abundance of Phase 1 and 2 Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Alcoholic and Hepatitis C Cirrhotic Livers: A Quantitative Targeted Proteomics Study. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:943-952. [PMID: 29695616 PMCID: PMC5987995 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.080523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To predict the impact of liver cirrhosis on hepatic drug clearance using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, we compared the protein abundance of various phase 1 and phase 2 drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in S9 fractions of alcoholic (n = 27) or hepatitis C (HCV, n = 30) cirrhotic versus noncirrhotic (control) livers (n = 25). The S9 total protein content was significantly lower in alcoholic or HCV cirrhotic versus control livers (i.e., 38.3 ± 8.3, 32.3 ± 12.8, vs. 51.1 ± 20.7 mg/g liver, respectively). In general, alcoholic cirrhosis was associated with a larger decrease in the DME abundance than HCV cirrhosis; however, only the abundance of UGT1A4, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)1A, and ADH1B was significantly lower in alcoholic versus HCV cirrhotic livers. When normalized to per gram of tissue, the abundance of nine DMEs (UGT1A6, UGT1A4, CYP3A4, UGT2B7, CYP1A2, ADH1A, ADH1B, aldehyde oxidase (AOX)1, and carboxylesterase (CES)1) in alcoholic cirrhosis and five DMEs (UGT1A6, UGT1A4, CYP3A4, UGT2B7, and CYP1A2) in HCV cirrhosis was <25% of that in control livers. The abundance of most DMEs in cirrhotic livers was 25% to 50% of control livers. CES2 abundance was not affected by cirrhosis. Integration of UGT2B7 abundance in cirrhotic livers into the liver cirrhosis (Child Pugh C) model of Simcyp improved the prediction of zidovudine and morphine PK in subjects with Child Pugh C liver cirrhosis. These data demonstrate that protein abundance data, combined with PBPK modeling and simulation, can be a powerful tool to predict drug disposition in special populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagwat Prasad
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Deepak Kumar Bhatt
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Katherine Johnson
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Revathi Chapa
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Laurent Salphati
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Guangqing Xiao
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Caroline Lee
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Cornelis E C A Hop
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Anita Mathias
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Yurong Lai
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Mingxiang Liao
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - William G Humphreys
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Sean C Kumer
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
| | - Jashvant D Unadkat
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (B.P., D.K.B., K.J., R.C., J.D.U.); Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation, Kenilworth, New Jersey (X.C.); Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California (A.S.R., A.M.); Genentech, South San Francisco, California (L.S., C.E.C.A.H.); Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts (G.X.); Ardea Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California (C.L.); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey (Y.L., W.H.); Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., Cambridge, Massachusetts (M.L.); and University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (S.C.K.)
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15
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Petrov PD, Fernández-Murga ML, López-Riera M, Goméz-Lechón MJ, Castell JV, Jover R. Predicting drug-induced cholestasis: preclinical models. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 14:721-738. [PMID: 29888962 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1487399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In almost 50% of patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI), the bile flow from the liver to the duodenum is impaired, a condition known as cholestasis. However, this toxic response only appears in a small percentage of the treated patients (idiosyncrasy). Prediction of drug-induced cholestasis (DIC) is challenging and emerges as a safety issue that requires attention by professionals in clinical practice, regulatory authorities, pharmaceutical companies, and research institutions. Area covered: The current synopsis focuses on the state-of-the-art in preclinical models for cholestatic DILI prediction. These models differ in their goal, complexity, availability, and applicability, and can widely be classified in experimental animals and in vitro models. Expert opinion: Drugs are a growing cause of cholestasis, but the progress made in explaining mechanisms and differences in susceptibility is not growing at the same rate. We need reliable models able to recapitulate the features of DIC, particularly its idiosyncrasy. The homogeneity and the species-specific differences move animal models away from a fair predictability. However, in vitro human models are improving and getting closer to the real hepatocyte phenotype, and they will likely be the choice in the near future. Progress in this area will not only need reliable predictive models but also mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar D Petrov
- a Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe) , Unidad de Hepatología Experimental , Valencia , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) , Madrid , Spain
| | - M Leonor Fernández-Murga
- a Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe) , Unidad de Hepatología Experimental , Valencia , Spain
| | - Mireia López-Riera
- a Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe) , Unidad de Hepatología Experimental , Valencia , Spain
| | - M José Goméz-Lechón
- a Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe) , Unidad de Hepatología Experimental , Valencia , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Jose V Castell
- a Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe) , Unidad de Hepatología Experimental , Valencia , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) , Madrid , Spain.,c Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - Ramiro Jover
- a Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe) , Unidad de Hepatología Experimental , Valencia , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) , Madrid , Spain.,c Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Valencia , Valencia , Spain
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16
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Heidari R, Ahmadi F, Rahimi HR, Azarpira N, Hosseinzadeh M, Najibi A, Niknahad H. Exacerbated liver injury of antithyroid drugs in endotoxin-treated mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 42:615-623. [PMID: 29722569 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1459668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury is a major concern in clinical studies as well as in post-marketing surveillance. Previous evidence suggested that drug exposure during periods of inflammation could increase an individual's susceptibility to drug hepatoxicity. The antithyroid drugs, methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) can cause adverse reactions in patients, with liver as a usual target. We tested the hypothesis that MMI and PTU could be rendered hepatotoxic in animals undergoing a modest inflammation. Mice were treated with a nonhepatotoxic dose of LPS (100 µg/kg, i.p) or its vehicle. Nonhepatotoxic doses of MMI (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg, oral) and PTU (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg, oral) were administered two hours after LPS treatment. It was found that liver injury was evident only in animals received both drug and LPS, as estimated by increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and TNF-α. An increase in liver myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity and tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) in addition of liver glutathione (GSH) depletion were also detected in LPS and antithyroid drugs cotreated animals. Furthermore, histopathological changes including, endotheliitis, fatty changes, severe inflammatory cells infiltration (hepatitis) and sinusoidal congestion were detected in liver tissue. Methyl palmitate (2 g/kg, i.v, 44 hours before LPS), as a macrophage suppressor, significantly alleviated antithyroids hepatotoxicity in LPS-treated animals. The results indicate a synergistic liver injury from antithyroid drugs and bacterial lipopolysaccharide coexposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Massood Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asma Najibi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Niknahad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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17
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Kaschek D, Sharanek A, Guillouzo A, Timmer J, Weaver RJ. A Dynamic Mathematical Model of Bile Acid Clearance in HepaRG Cells. Toxicol Sci 2017; 161:48-57. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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18
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Ott LM, Ramachandran K, Stehno-Bittel L. An Automated Multiplexed Hepatotoxicity and CYP Induction Assay Using HepaRG Cells in 2D and 3D. SLAS DISCOVERY 2017; 22:614-625. [PMID: 28346810 DOI: 10.1177/2472555217701058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are concerns when developing safe and efficacious compounds. We have developed an automated multiplex assay to detect hepatotoxicity (i.e., ATP depletion) and metabolism (i.e., cytochrome P450 1A [CYP1A] and cytochrome P450 3A4 [CYP3A4] enzyme activity) in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. HepaRG cells were cultured in our proprietary micromold plates and produced spheroids. HepaRG cells, in 2D or 3D, expressed liver-specific proteins throughout the culture period, although 3D cultures consistently exhibited higher albumin secretion and CYP1A/CYP3A4 enzyme activity than 2D cultures. Once the spheroid hepatic quality was assessed, 2D and 3D HepaRGs were challenged to a panel of DILI- and CYP-inducing compounds for 7 days. The 3D HepaRG model had a 70% sensitivity to liver toxins at 7 days, while the 2D model had a 60% sensitivity. In both the 2D and 3D HepaRG models, 83% of compounds were predicted to be CYP inducers after 7 days of compound exposure. Combined, our results demonstrate that an automated multiplexed liver spheroid system is a promising cell-based method to evaluate DILI and DDI for early-stage drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Stehno-Bittel
- 1 Likarda, LLC, Kansas City, KS, USA.,2 University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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19
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Niknahad H, Heidari R, Firuzi R, Abazari F, Ramezani M, Azarpira N, Hosseinzadeh M, Najibi A, Saeedi A. Concurrent Inflammation Augments Antimalarial Drugs-Induced Liver Injury in Rats. Adv Pharm Bull 2016; 6:617-625. [PMID: 28101469 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2016.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Accumulating evidence suggests that drug exposure during a modest inflammation induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) might increase the risk of drug-induced liver injury. The current investigation was designed to test if antimalarial drugs hepatotoxicity is augmented in LPS‑treated animals. Methods: Rats were pre-treated with LPS (100 µg/kg, i.p). Afterward, non-hepatotoxic doses of amodiaquine (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, oral) and chloroquine (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, oral) were administered. Results: Interestingly, liver injury was evident only in animals treated with both drug and LPS as estimated by pathological changes in serum biochemistry (ALT, AST, LDH, and TNF-α), and liver tissue (severe hepatitis, endotheliitis, and sinusoidal congestion). An increase in liver myeloperoxidase enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, along with tissue glutathione depletion were also detected in LPS and drug co-treated animals. Conclusion: Antimalarial drugs rendered hepatotoxic in animals undergoing a modest inflammation. These results indicate a synergistic liver injury from co-exposure to antimalarial drugs and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Niknahad
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roya Firuzi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Abazari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maral Ramezani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Massood Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asma Najibi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arastoo Saeedi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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20
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Hepatic 3D spheroid models for the detection and study of compounds with cholestatic liability. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35434. [PMID: 27759057 PMCID: PMC5069690 DOI: 10.1038/srep35434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced cholestasis (DIC) is poorly understood and its preclinical prediction is mainly limited to assessing the compound's potential to inhibit the bile salt export pump (BSEP). Here, we evaluated two 3D spheroid models, one from primary human hepatocytes (PHH) and one from HepaRG cells, for the detection of compounds with cholestatic liability. By repeatedly co-exposing both models to a set of compounds with different mechanisms of hepatotoxicity and a non-toxic concentrated bile acid (BA) mixture for 8 days we observed a selective synergistic toxicity of compounds known to cause cholestatic or mixed cholestatic/hepatocellular toxicity and the BA mixture compared to exposure to the compounds alone, a phenomenon that was more pronounced after extending the exposure time to 14 days. In contrast, no such synergism was observed after both 8 and 14 days of exposure to the BA mixture for compounds that cause non-cholestatic hepatotoxicity. Mechanisms behind the toxicity of the cholestatic compound chlorpromazine were accurately detected in both spheroid models, including intracellular BA accumulation, inhibition of ABCB11 expression and disruption of the F-actin cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the observed synergistic toxicity of chlorpromazine and BA was associated with increased oxidative stress and modulation of death receptor signalling. Combined, our results demonstrate that the hepatic spheroid models presented here can be used to detect and study compounds with cholestatic liability.
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21
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Differential sensitivity of metabolically competent and non-competent HepaRG cells to apoptosis induced by diclofenac combined or not with TNF-α. Toxicol Lett 2016; 258:71-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Karthivashan G, Masarudin MJ, Kura AU, Abas F, Fakurazi S. Optimization, formulation, and characterization of multiflavonoids-loaded flavanosome by bulk or sequential technique. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3417-34. [PMID: 27555765 PMCID: PMC4968855 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s112045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study involves adaptation of bulk or sequential technique to load multiple flavonoids in a single phytosome, which can be termed as "flavonosome". Three widely established and therapeutically valuable flavonoids, such as quercetin (Q), kaempferol (K), and apigenin (A), were quantified in the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera leaves extract and were commercially obtained and incorporated in a single flavonosome (QKA-phosphatidylcholine) through four different methods of synthesis - bulk (M1) and serialized (M2) co-sonication and bulk (M3) and sequential (M4) co-loading. The study also established an optimal formulation method based on screening the synthesized flavonosomes with respect to their size, charge, polydispersity index, morphology, drug-carrier interaction, antioxidant potential through in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl kinetics, and cytotoxicity evaluation against human hepatoma cell line (HepaRG). Furthermore, entrapment and loading efficiency of flavonoids in the optimal flavonosome have been identified. Among the four synthesis methods, sequential loading technique has been optimized as the best method for the synthesis of QKA-phosphatidylcholine flavonosome, which revealed an average diameter of 375.93±33.61 nm, with a zeta potential of -39.07±3.55 mV, and the entrapment efficiency was >98% for all the flavonoids, whereas the drug-loading capacity of Q, K, and A was 31.63%±0.17%, 34.51%±2.07%, and 31.79%±0.01%, respectively. The in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl kinetics of the flavonoids indirectly depicts the release kinetic behavior of the flavonoids from the carrier. The QKA-loaded flavonosome had no indication of toxicity toward human hepatoma cell line as shown by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide result, wherein even at the higher concentration of 200 µg/mL, the flavonosomes exert >85% of cell viability. These results suggest that sequential loading technique may be a promising nanodrug delivery system for loading multiflavonoids in a single entity with sustained activity as an antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and hepatosupplement candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences
| | - Aminu Umar Kura
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience
| | - Sharida Fakurazi
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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23
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Mueller SO, Guillouzo A, Hewitt PG, Richert L. Drug biokinetic and toxicity assessments in rat and human primary hepatocytes and HepaRG cells within the EU-funded Predict-IV project. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 30:19-26. [PMID: 25952325 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The overall aim of Predict-IV (EU-funded collaborative project #202222) was to develop improved testing strategies for drug safety in the late discovery phase. One major focus was the prediction of hepatotoxicity as liver remains one of the major organ leading to failure in drug development, drug withdrawal and has a poor predictivity from animal experiments. In this overview we describe the use and applicability of the three cell models employed, i.e., primary rat hepatocytes, primary human hepatocytes and the human HepaRG cell line, using four model compounds, chlorpromazine, ibuprofen, cyclosporine A and amiodarone. This overview described the data generated on mode of action of liver toxicity after long-term repeat-dosing. Moreover we have quantified parent compound and its distribution in various in vitro compartments, which allowed us to develop biokinetic models where we could derive real exposure concentrations in vitro. In conclusion, the complex data set enables quantitative measurements that proved the concept that we can define human relevant free and toxic exposure levels in vitro. Further compounds have to be analyzed in a broader concentration range to fully exploit these promising results for improved prediction of hepatotoxicity and hazard assessment for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan O Mueller
- Nonclinical Safety, Merck Serono, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany; Food Chemistry and Toxicology, TU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | | | - Philip G Hewitt
- Nonclinical Safety, Merck Serono, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lysiane Richert
- KaLy-Cell, 20A Rue du Général Leclerc, Plobsheim, France; Université de Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France
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24
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Bachour-El Azzi P, Sharanek A, Burban A, Li R, Guével RL, Abdel-Razzak Z, Stieger B, Guguen-Guillouzo C, Guillouzo A. Comparative Localization and Functional Activity of the Main Hepatobiliary Transporters in HepaRG Cells and Primary Human Hepatocytes. Toxicol Sci 2015; 145:157-68. [PMID: 25690737 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of hepatobiliary transporters in drug-induced liver injury remains poorly understood. Various in vivo and in vitro biological approaches are currently used for studying hepatic transporters; however, appropriate localization and functional activity of these transporters are essential for normal biliary flow and drug transport. Human hepatocytes (HHs) are considered as the most suitable in vitro cell model but erratic availability and inter-donor functional variations limit their use. In this work, we aimed to compare localization of influx and efflux transporters and their functional activity in differentiated human HepaRG hepatocytes with fresh HHs in conventional (CCHH) and sandwich (SCHH) cultures. All tested influx and efflux transporters were correctly localized to canalicular [bile salt export pump (BSEP), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), and MDR3] or basolateral [Na(+)-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and MRP3] membrane domains and were functional in all models. Contrary to other transporters, NTCP and BSEP were less abundant and active in HepaRG cells, cellular uptake of taurocholate was 2.2- and 1.4-fold and bile excretion index 2.8- and 2.6-fold lower, than in SCHHs and CCHHs, respectively. However, when taurocholate canalicular efflux was evaluated in standard and divalent cation-free conditions in buffers or cell lysates, the difference between the three models did not exceed 9.3%. Interestingly, cell imaging showed higher bile canaliculi contraction/relaxation activity in HepaRG hepatocytes and larger bile canaliculi networks in SCHHs. Altogether, our results bring new insights in mechanisms involved in bile acids accumulation and excretion in HHs and suggest that HepaRG cells represent a suitable model for studying hepatobiliary transporters and drug-induced cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Bachour-El Azzi
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ahmad Sharanek
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Burban
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruoya Li
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Le Guével
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ziad Abdel-Razzak
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Stieger
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Guguen-Guillouzo
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - André Guillouzo
- *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland *Inserm UMR991, Foie, Métabolismes et Cancer, Rennes, France; Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France, Université Libanaise, EDST-PRASE and EDST-AZM-center-LBA3B, Beirut, Lebanon, Biopredic International, Saint Grégoire, France, ImPACcell, SFR Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France and Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Klein M, Thomas M, Hofmann U, Seehofer D, Damm G, Zanger UM. A systematic comparison of the impact of inflammatory signaling on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion gene expression and activity in primary human hepatocytes and HepaRG cells. Drug Metab Dispos 2014; 43:273-83. [PMID: 25480923 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.060962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are associated with compromised metabolism and elimination of drugs in the liver, largely mediated by proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6. The Hepa-RG cell line is an established surrogate for primary human hepatocytes (PHH) in drug metabolism and toxicity studies. However, the impact of inflammatory signaling on HepaRG cells has not been well characterized. In this study, the response of primary human hepatocytes and HepaRG cells to interleukin (IL)-6 was comparatively analyzed. For this purpose, broad-spectrum gene expression profiling, including acute-phase response genes and a large panel of drug-metabolizing enzyme and transporter (DMET) genes as well as their modifiers and regulators, was conducted in combination with cytochrome P450 (P450) activity measurements. Exposure of PHH and HepaRG cells to IL-6 resulted in highly similar coordinated reduction of DMET mRNA, including major ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs), P450s, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), and solute carriers (SLCs). Enzyme activities of CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 were reduced upon 48-72 hours exposure to IL-6 in PHH and HepaRG. However, although these effects were not significant in PHH due to large interindividual donor variability, the impact on HepaRG was more pronounced and highly significant, thus emphasizing the advantage of HepaRG as a more reproducible model system. Exposure of HepaRG cells to interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α resulted in similar effects on gene expression and enzyme activities. The present study emphasizes the role of proinflammatory cytokines in the regulation of drug metabolism and supports the use of HepaRG in lieu of PHH to minimize subject variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Klein
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany, and University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany (M.K., M.T., U.H., U.M.Z.); and Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany (D.S., G.D.)
| | - Maria Thomas
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany, and University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany (M.K., M.T., U.H., U.M.Z.); and Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany (D.S., G.D.)
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany, and University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany (M.K., M.T., U.H., U.M.Z.); and Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany (D.S., G.D.)
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany, and University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany (M.K., M.T., U.H., U.M.Z.); and Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany (D.S., G.D.)
| | - Georg Damm
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany, and University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany (M.K., M.T., U.H., U.M.Z.); and Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany (D.S., G.D.)
| | - Ulrich M Zanger
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany, and University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany (M.K., M.T., U.H., U.M.Z.); and Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany (D.S., G.D.)
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