1
|
Pellerin F, Houvenaghel R, Coish WA, Carusotto I, St-Jean P. Wave-Function Tomography of Topological Dimer Chains with Long-Range Couplings. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:183802. [PMID: 38759187 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.183802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The ability to tailor with a high accuracy the intersite connectivity in a lattice is a crucial tool for realizing novel topological phases of matter. Here, we report the experimental realization of photonic dimer chains with long-range hopping terms of arbitrary strength and phase, providing a rich generalization of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model which, in its conventional form, is limited to nearest-neighbor couplings only. Our experiment is based on a synthetic dimension scheme involving the frequency modes of an optical fiber loop platform. This setup provides direct access to both the band dispersion and the geometry of the Bloch wave functions throughout the entire Brillouin zone allowing us to extract the winding number for any possible configuration. Finally, we highlight a topological phase transition solely driven by a time-reversal-breaking synthetic gauge field associated with the phase of the long-range hopping, providing a route for engineering topological bands in photonic lattices belonging to the AIII symmetry class.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Pellerin
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - R Houvenaghel
- Département de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, F69007 Lyon, France
| | - W A Coish
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montreal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - I Carusotto
- Pitaevskii BEC Center, INO-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy
| | - P St-Jean
- Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Institut Courtois, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H2V 0B3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roccati F, Bello M, Gong Z, Ueda M, Ciccarello F, Chenu A, Carollo A. Hermitian and non-Hermitian topology from photon-mediated interactions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2400. [PMID: 38493191 PMCID: PMC10944496 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46471-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
As light can mediate interactions between atoms in a photonic environment, engineering it for endowing the photon-mediated Hamiltonian with desired features, like robustness against disorder, is crucial in quantum research. We provide general theorems on the topology of photon-mediated interactions in terms of both Hermitian and non-Hermitian topological invariants, unveiling the phenomena of topological preservation and reversal, and revealing a system-bath topological correspondence. Depending on the Hermiticity of the environment and the parity of the spatial dimension, the atomic and photonic topological invariants turn out to be equal or opposite. Consequently, the emergence of atomic and photonic topological boundary modes with opposite group velocities in two-dimensional Hermitian topological systems is established. Owing to its general applicability, our results can guide the design of topological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Roccati
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Miguel Bello
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, Garching, 85748, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Schellingstraße 4, 80799, München, Germany
| | - Zongping Gong
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, Garching, 85748, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Schellingstraße 4, 80799, München, Germany
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masahito Ueda
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Institute for Physics of Intelligence, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Francesco Ciccarello
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-Emilio Segrè, via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aurélia Chenu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Angelo Carollo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-Emilio Segrè, via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jia WZ, Yu MT. Atom-photon dressed states in a waveguide-QED system with multiple giant atoms. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:9495-9511. [PMID: 38571183 DOI: 10.1364/oe.518325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
We study the properties of bound states in waveguide-QED systems consisting of multiple giant atoms coupled to a coupled-resonator waveguide. Based on the general analytical expressions for these states and the corresponding energy spectra, we analyze in detail the threshold conditions for the appearance of bound states and the photon-mediated interactions between dressed atoms for different configurations. In addition, when multiple giant atoms are coupled to the waveguide, different types of interacting atomic chain can be obtained by manipulating the coupling configurations. Accordingly, the energy spectra of the bound states form metaband structures in the photonic band gaps. This makes the system a useful platform for quantum simulation and quantum information processing.
Collapse
|
4
|
Oba J, Kajita S, Soeda A. Fast simulation for multi-photon, atomic-ensemble quantum model of linear optical systems addressing the curse of dimensionality. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3208. [PMID: 38331972 PMCID: PMC10853269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Photons are elementary particles of light in quantum mechanics, whose dynamics can be difficult to gain detailed insights, especially in complex systems. Simulation is a promising tool to resolve this issue, but it must address the curse of dimensionality, namely, that the number of bases increases exponentially in the number of photons. Here we mitigate this dimensionality scaling by focusing on optical systems composed of linear optical objects, modeled as an ensemble of two-level atoms. We decompose the time evolutionary operator on multiple photons into a group of time evolution operators acting on a single photon. Since the dimension of a single-photon time evolution operator is exponentially smaller than that of a multi-photon one in the number of photons, the decomposition enables the multi-photon simulations to be performed at a much lower computational cost. We apply this method to basic single- and multi-photon phenomena, such as Hong-Ou-Mandel interference and violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality, and confirm that the calculated properties are quantitatively comparable to the experimental results. Furthermore, our method visualizes the spatial propagation of photons hence provides insights that aid experiment designs for quantum-enabled technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Oba
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1192, Japan.
| | - Seiji Kajita
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1192, Japan.
| | - Akihito Soeda
- Principles of Informatics Research Division, National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8430, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thanopulos I, Yannopapas V, Paspalakis E. Strong Coupling Dynamics of a Quantum Emitter near a Topological Insulator Nanoparticle. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2787. [PMID: 37887938 PMCID: PMC10609747 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
We study the spontaneous emission dynamics of a quantum emitter near a topological insulator Bi2Se3 spherical nanoparticle. Using the electromagnetic Green's tensor method, we find exceptional Purcell factors of the quantum emitter up to 1010 at distances between the emitter and the nanoparticle as large as half the nanoparticle's radius in the terahertz regime. We study the spontaneous emission evolution of a quantum emitter for various transition frequencies in the terahertz and various vacuum decay rates. For short vacuum decay times, we observe non-Markovian spontaneous emission dynamics, which correspond perfectly to values of well-established measures of non-Markovianity and possibly indicate considerable dynamical quantum speedup. The dynamics turn progressively Markovian as the vacuum decay times increase, while in this regime, the non-Markovianity measures are nullified, and the quantum speedup vanishes. For the shortest vacuum decay times, we find that the population remains trapped in the emitter, which indicates that a hybrid bound state between the quantum emitter and the continuum of electromagnetic modes as affected by the nanoparticle has been formed. This work demonstrates that a Bi2Se3 spherical nanoparticle can be a nanoscale platform for strong light-matter coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Thanopulos
- Materials Science Department, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece;
| | - Vassilios Yannopapas
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece;
| | - Emmanuel Paspalakis
- Materials Science Department, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ke Y, Huang J, Liu W, Kivshar Y, Lee C. Topological Inverse Band Theory in Waveguide Quantum Electrodynamics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:103604. [PMID: 37739358 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.103604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Topological phases play a crucial role in the fundamental physics of light-matter interaction and emerging applications of quantum technologies. However, the topological band theory of waveguide QED systems is known to break down, because the energy bands become disconnected. Here, we introduce a concept of the inverse energy band and explore analytically topological scattering in a waveguide with an array of quantum emitters. We uncover a rich structure of topological phase transitions, symmetric scale-free localization, completely flat bands, and the corresponding dark Wannier states. Although bulk-edge correspondence is partially broken because of radiative decay, we prove analytically that the scale-free localized states are distributed in a single inverse energy band in the topological phase and in two inverse bands in the trivial phase. Surprisingly, the winding number of the scattering textures depends on both the topological phase of inverse subradiant band and the odevity of the cell number. Our Letter uncovers the field of the topological inverse bands, and it brings a novel vision to topological phases in light-matter interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongguan Ke
- Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement, State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Metrology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Jiaxuan Huang
- Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Metrology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Metrology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519082, China
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Chaohong Lee
- Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement, State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen 518045, China
- Nonlinear Physics Center, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
García-Elcano I, Merino J, Bravo-Abad J, González-Tudela A. Probing and harnessing photonic Fermi arc surface states using light-matter interactions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf8257. [PMID: 37256964 PMCID: PMC10413654 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fermi arcs, i.e., surface states connecting topologically distinct Weyl points, represent a paradigmatic manifestation of the topological aspects of Weyl physics. We investigate a light-matter interface based on the photonic counterpart of these states and prove that it can lead to phenomena with no analog in other setups. First, we show how to image the Fermi arcs by studying the spontaneous decay of one or many emitters coupled to the system's border. Second, we demonstrate that, exploiting the negative refraction of these modes, the Fermi arc surface states can act as a robust quantum link, enabling, e.g., the occurrence of perfect quantum state transfer between the considered emitters or the formation of highly entangled states. In addition to their fundamental interest, our findings evidence the potential offered by the photonic Fermi arc light-matter interfaces for the design of more robust quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki García-Elcano
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Merino
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Bravo-Abad
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gong Z, Bello M, Malz D, Kunst FK. Anomalous Behaviors of Quantum Emitters in Non-Hermitian Baths. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:223601. [PMID: 36493450 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.223601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Both non-Hermitian systems and the behavior of emitters coupled to structured baths have been studied intensely in recent years. Here, we study the interplay of these paradigmatic settings. In a series of examples, we show that a single quantum emitter coupled to a non-Hermitian bath displays a number of unconventional behaviors, many without Hermitian counterpart. We first consider a unidirectional hopping lattice whose complex dispersion forms a loop. We identify peculiar bound states inside the loop as a manifestation of the non-Hermitian skin effect. In the same setting, emitted photons may display spatial amplification markedly distinct from free propagation, which can be understood with the help of the generalized Brillouin zone. We then consider a nearest-neighbor lattice with alternating loss. We find that the long-time emitter decay always follows a power law, which is usually invisible for Hermitian baths. Our Letter points toward a rich landscape of anomalous quantum emitter dynamics induced by non-Hermitian baths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongping Gong
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Miguel Bello
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Daniel Malz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Flore K Kunst
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstraße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang DW, Zhao CS, Chao SL, Peng R, Yang J, Yang Z, Zhou L. Simulating topological phases with atom arrays in an optical waveguide. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42347-42361. [PMID: 36366690 DOI: 10.1364/oe.472403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we employ the atomic arrays in one-dimensional optical waveguides to simulate topological phases, where the waveguide is modeled as a one-dimensional infinitely long coupled cavity array. Under the Markov approximation, the coherent and dissipative coupling between atoms is established by eliminating waveguide modes. When the detuning between atoms and cavity fields lies in the band gap, the dynamics of the system is completely dominated by the coherent interaction. Under this condition, we designed three atomic arrays with different geometries and show that the topologically trivial and non-trivial phases of atomic arrays can be simulated. Furthermore, by introducing periodic atomic driving, the topological phase transition can be induced by adjusting the driving parameters. Finally, we investigate the effect of next-nearest neighbor interactions on topological state transfer and find that the next-nearest neighbor interactions break the degenerated bandgap state and establish a topological state transfer channel.
Collapse
|
10
|
Thanopulos I, Yannopapas V, Paspalakis E. Topological insulator nanoparticles for strong light-matter interaction in the terahertz regime. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:5240-5243. [PMID: 36181231 DOI: 10.1364/ol.473317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We study the spontaneous emission (SPEM) for a quantum emitter (QUEM) near a topological insulator Bi2Se3 nanosphere. We calculate numerically the QUEM Purcell factor near nanospheres of radii between 40 nm and 100 nm, with and without taking into account the topologically protected delocalized states at the surface of the nanosphere. We find exceptionally large Purcell factors up to 1010 at distances between the QUEM and the nanosphere as large as half its radius in the terahertz regime. By computing the SPEM dynamics for a QUEM with transition frequencies in the terahertz and free-space decay rates in the nanosecond to millisecond range, we observe intense reversible dynamics, as well as population trapping effects. This work demonstrates that a Bi2Se3 nanosphere provides the conditions for strong light-matter interaction at the nanoscale in the terahertz regime.
Collapse
|
11
|
Argüello-Luengo J, González-Tudela A, González-Cuadra D. Tuning Long-Range Fermion-Mediated Interactions in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:083401. [PMID: 36053702 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.083401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Engineering long-range interactions in cold-atom quantum simulators can lead to exotic quantum many-body behavior. Fermionic atoms in ultracold atomic mixtures can act as mediators, giving rise to long-range Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida-type interactions characterized by the dimensionality and density of the fermionic gas. Here, we propose several tuning knobs, accessible in current experimental platforms, that allow one to further control the range and shape of the mediated interactions, extending the existing quantum simulation toolbox. In particular, we include an additional optical lattice for the fermionic mediator, as well as anisotropic traps to change its dimensionality in a continuous manner. This allows us to interpolate between power-law and exponential decays, introducing an effective cutoff for the interaction range, as well as to tune the relative interaction strengths at different distances. Finally, we show how our approach allows one to investigate frustrated regimes that were not previously accessible, where symmetry-protected topological phases as well as chiral spin liquids emerge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Argüello-Luengo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - Daniel González-Cuadra
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Blanco de Paz M, Herrera MAJ, Arroyo Huidobro P, Alaeian H, Vergniory MG, Bradlyn B, Giedke G, García-Etxarri A, Bercioux D. Energy density as a probe of band representations in photonic crystals. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:314002. [PMID: 35617944 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac73cf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Topological quantum chemistry (TQC) has recently emerged as an instrumental tool to characterize the topological nature of both fermionic and bosonic band structures. TQC is based on the study of band representations and the localization of maximally localized Wannier functions. In this article, we study various two-dimensional photonic crystal structures analyzing their topological character through a combined study of TQC, their Wilson-loop (WL) spectra and the electromagnetic energy density. Our study demonstrates that the analysis of the spatial localization of the energy density complements the study of the topological properties in terms of the spectrum of the WL operator and TQC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Blanco de Paz
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Tecnico-University of Lisbon, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - M A J Herrera
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM-MPC), Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
| | - P Arroyo Huidobro
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Tecnico-University of Lisbon, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - H Alaeian
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
| | - M G Vergniory
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden D-01187, Germany
| | - B Bradlyn
- Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, United States of America
| | - G Giedke
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Plaza, 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - A García-Etxarri
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Plaza, 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - D Bercioux
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Plaza, 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tang JS, Nie W, Tang L, Chen M, Su X, Lu Y, Nori F, Xia K. Nonreciprocal Single-Photon Band Structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:203602. [PMID: 35657886 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.203602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We study a single-photon band structure in a one-dimensional coupled-resonator optical waveguide that chirally couples to an array of two-level quantum emitters (QEs). The chiral interaction between the resonator mode and the QE can break the time-reversal symmetry without the magneto-optical effect and an external or synthetic magnetic field. As a result, nonreciprocal single-photon edge states, band gaps, and flat bands appear. By using such a chiral QE coupled-resonator optical waveguide system, including a finite number of unit cells and working in the nonreciprocal band gap, we achieve frequency-multiplexed single-photon circulators with high fidelity and low insertion loss. The chiral QE-light interaction can also protect one-way propagation of single photons against backscattering. Our work opens a new door for studying unconventional photonic band structures without electronic counterparts in condensed matter and exploring its applications in the quantum regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Shan Tang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Nie
- RIKEN Quantum Computing Center, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Tang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin Su
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanqing Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Franco Nori
- RIKEN Quantum Computing Center, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - Keyu Xia
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fernández-Fernández D, González-Tudela A. Tunable Directional Emission and Collective Dissipation with Quantum Metasurfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:113601. [PMID: 35363033 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Subwavelength atomic arrays, recently labeled as quantum metamaterials, have emerged as an exciting platform for obtaining novel quantum optical phenomena. The strong interference effects in these systems generate subradiant excitations that propagate through the atomic array with very long lifetimes. Here, we demonstrate that one can harness these excitations to obtain tunable directional emission patterns and collective dissipative couplings when placing judiciously additional atoms nearby the atomic array. For doing that, we first characterize the optimal square array geometry to obtain directional emission patterns. Then, we characterize the best atomic positions to couple efficiently to the subradiant metasurface excitations and provide several improvement strategies based on entangled atomic clusters or bilayers. Afterward, we also show how the directionality of the emission pattern can be controlled through the relative dipole orientation between the auxiliary atoms and the one of the array. Finally, we benchmark how these directional emission patterns translate into to collective, anisotropic dissipative couplings between the auxiliary atoms by studying the lifetime modification of atomic entangled states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Fernández-Fernández
- Institute of Fundamental Physics IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid ICMM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A González-Tudela
- Institute of Fundamental Physics IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bongiovanni D, Jukić D, Hu Z, Lunić F, Hu Y, Song D, Morandotti R, Chen Z, Buljan H. Dynamically Emerging Topological Phase Transitions in Nonlinear Interacting Soliton Lattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:184101. [PMID: 34767391 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.184101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate dynamical topological phase transitions in evolving Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattices made of interacting soliton arrays, which are entirely driven by nonlinearity and thereby exemplify an emergent nonlinear topological phenomenon. The phase transitions occur from the topologically trivial-to-nontrivial phase in periodic succession with crossovers from the topologically nontrivial-to-trivial regime. The signature of phase transition is the gap-closing and reopening point, where two extended states are pulled from the bands into the gap to become localized topological edge states. Crossovers occur via decoupling of the edge states from the bulk of the lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Bongiovanni
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- INRS-EMT, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Dario Jukić
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb, A. Kačića Miošića 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zhichan Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Frane Lunić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yi Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Daohong Song
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Roberto Morandotti
- INRS-EMT, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132, USA
| | - Hrvoje Buljan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Zhirihin
- School of Physics and Engineering, Faculty of Physics ITMO University St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Yuri S. Kivshar
- School of Physics and Engineering, Faculty of Physics ITMO University St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
- Nonlinear Physics Center Research School of Physics Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gao B, Li J, Jiang H, Wang J, Zhu C, Xu J, Yang Y. Interaction of two quantum dots mediated by edge modes of coupled-cavity arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:31010-31025. [PMID: 34615203 DOI: 10.1364/oe.436179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Topological photonics is a hot topic in recent years. We combine it with the quantum optics and explore the dynamics of two quantum dots (QDs) separated by the finite coupled-cavity arrays (CCAs). The finite CCAs possessing the alternating hopping strengths will lead to the existence of the topological protected edge modes, also called zero energy modes, when the boundaries leave the weak hopping at two ends. Due to the two edge modes, i.e., symmetric and antisymmetric, with nearly degenerate frequencies, the dynamics of two QDs coupled to the cavities at both ends exhibit complicated behaviors. When the CCAs are composed of a large number of cavities, there are two kinds of phenomena: if the coupling between QDs and cavity is weak, two edge modes will cancel each other out and isolate two QDs deeply; if the coupling between QDs and cavities is large compared with hopping strength, the edge mode disappears and two QDs can be connected through extend modes. Importantly, when the CCAs are formed by a small number of cavities, energy can be transferred to each other between two QDs through the edge modes. Such energy transfer is topologically protected, and the period is long and easily controlled. We also investigate the effects of topologically protected quantum entangled states on such system and find that the quantum entanglement can be well kept or generated for appropriate choices of system parameters and initial states. The investigations enrich the manifestation of topological physics and are helpful to apply the topological protection to quantum computation and quantum communication.
Collapse
|
18
|
Karanikolas V, Thanopulos I, Paspalakis E. Strong coupling regime and bound states in the continuum between a quantum emitter and phonon-polariton modes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:23408-23420. [PMID: 34614606 DOI: 10.1364/oe.428459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the population dynamics of a two-level quantum emitter (QE) placed near a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) layer. The h-BN layer supports two energy phonon-polariton bands. In the case that the transition energy of the QE is resonant to them, its relaxation rate is enhanced several orders of magnitude compared to its free-space value and the population of the QE excited state shows reversible dynamics. We further show that for specific parameters of the QE/h-BN layer system, the QE population can be trapped in the excited state, keeping a constant value over long periods of time, thus demonstrating that the h-BN layer is a platform that can provide the strong light-matter interaction conditions needed for the formation of bound states in the electromagnetic continuum of modes. Semi-analytical methods are employed for determining whether such a bound state can be formed for given coupling conditions, as well as for computing the amount of initial population trapped in it. The bound states in the continuum are important for designing practical future quantum applications.
Collapse
|
19
|
Dong XL, Li PB, Liu T, Nori F. Unconventional Quantum Sound-Matter Interactions in Spin-Optomechanical-Crystal Hybrid Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:203601. [PMID: 34110200 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.203601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We predict a set of unusual quantum acoustic phenomena resulting from sound-matter interactions in a fully tunable solid-state platform in which an array of solid-state spins in diamond are coupled to quantized acoustic waves in a one-dimensional optomechanical crystal. We find that, by using a spatially varying laser drive that introduces a position-dependent phase in the optomechanical interaction, the mechanical band structure can be tuned in situ, consequently leading to unconventional quantum sound-matter interactions. We show that quasichiral sound-matter interactions can occur, with tunable ranges from bidirectional to quasiunidirectional, when the spins are resonant with the bands. When the solid-state spin frequency lies within the acoustic band gap, we demonstrate the emergence of an exotic polariton bound state that can mediate long-range tunable, odd-neighbor, and complex spin-spin interactions. This work expands the present exploration of quantum phononics and can have wide applications in quantum simulations and quantum information processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Liang Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Peng-Bo Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tao Liu
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Casulleras S, Gonzalez-Ballestero C, Maurer P, García-Ripoll JJ, Romero-Isart O. Remote Individual Addressing of Quantum Emitters with Chirped Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:103602. [PMID: 33784159 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.103602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose to use chirped pulses propagating near a band gap to remotely address quantum emitters. We introduce a particular family of chirped pulses that dynamically self-compress to subwavelength spot sizes during their evolution in a medium with a quadratic dispersion relation. We analytically describe how the compression distance and width of the pulse can be tuned through its initial parameters. We show that the interaction of such pulses with a quantum emitter is highly sensitive to its position due to effective Landau-Zener processes induced by the pulse chirping. Our results propose pulse engineering as a powerful control and probing tool in the field of quantum emitters coupled to structured reservoirs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Casulleras
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Gonzalez-Ballestero
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Maurer
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J J García-Ripoll
- Instituto de Física Fundamental IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - O Romero-Isart
- Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
De Bernardis D, Cian ZP, Carusotto I, Hafezi M, Rabl P. Light-Matter Interactions in Synthetic Magnetic Fields: Landau-Photon Polaritons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:103603. [PMID: 33784168 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.103603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We study light-matter interactions in two-dimensional photonic systems in the presence of a spatially homogeneous synthetic magnetic field for light. Specifically, we consider one or more two-level emitters located in the bulk region of the lattice, where for increasing magnetic field the photonic modes change from extended plane waves to circulating Landau levels. This change has a drastic effect on the resulting emitter-field dynamics, which becomes intrinsically non-Markovian and chiral, leading to the formation of strongly coupled Landau-photon polaritons. The peculiar dynamical and spectral properties of these quasiparticles can be probed with state-of-the-art photonic lattices in the optical and the microwave domain and may find various applications for the quantum simulation of strongly interacting topological models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Bernardis
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ze-Pei Cian
- Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, 20742 Maryland, USA
| | - Iacopo Carusotto
- INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Mohammad Hafezi
- Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, 20742 Maryland, USA
- The Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742 Maryland, USA
| | - Peter Rabl
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Leonforte L, Carollo A, Ciccarello F. Vacancy-like Dressed States in Topological Waveguide QED. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:063601. [PMID: 33635679 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.063601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We identify a class of dressed atom-photon states forming at the same energy of the atom at any coupling strength. As a hallmark, their photonic component is an eigenstate of the bare photonic bath with a vacancy in place of the atom. The picture accommodates waveguide-QED phenomena where atoms behave as perfect mirrors, connecting in particular dressed bound states (BSs) in the continuum with geometrically confined photonic modes. When applied to photonic lattices, the framework establishes a one-to-one correspondence between topologically robust dressed states and topologically robust photonic BSs seeded by a vacancy. This is used to predict new classes of dressed BSs in the photonic Creutz-ladder and Haldane models. In the latter case, states with nonzero local photon flux occur in which an atom is dressed by a photon orbiting around it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Leonforte
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-Emilio Segrè, via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Carollo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-Emilio Segrè, via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
- Radiophysics Department, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhni Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Francesco Ciccarello
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica-Emilio Segrè, via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang X, Liu T, Kockum AF, Li HR, Nori F. Tunable Chiral Bound States with Giant Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:043602. [PMID: 33576670 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.043602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose tunable chiral bound states in a system composed of superconducting giant atoms and a Josephson photonic-crystal waveguide (PCW), with no analog in other quantum setups. The chiral bound states arise due to interference in the nonlocal coupling of a giant atom to multiple points of the waveguide. The chirality can be tuned by changing either the atom-waveguide coupling or the external bias of the PCW. Furthermore, the chiral bound states can induce directional dipole-dipole interactions between multiple giant atoms coupling to the same waveguide. Our proposal is ready to be implemented in experiments with superconducting circuits, where it can be used as a tunable toolbox to realize topological phase transitions and quantum simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Anton Frisk Kockum
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hong-Rong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bai SY, Chen C, Wu H, An JH. Quantum control in open and periodically driven systems. ADVANCES IN PHYSICS: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1870559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Bai
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the MoE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Physics and the Hong Kong Institute of Quantum Information of Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the MoE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hong An
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the MoE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Qian K, Zhu L, Ahn KH, Prodan C. Observation of Flat Frequency Bands at Open Edges and Antiphase Boundary Seams in Topological Mechanical Metamaterials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:225501. [PMID: 33315432 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.225501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the recent theoretical studies on a two-dimensional (2D) chiral Hamiltonian based on the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chains [L. Zhu, E. Prodan, and K. H. Ahn, Phys. Rev. B 99, 041117(R) (2019)PRBMDO2469-995010.1103/PhysRevB.99.041117], we experimentally and computationally demonstrate that topological flat frequency bands can occur at open edges of 2D planar metamaterials and at antiphase boundary seams of ring-shaped or tubular metamaterials. Specifically, using mechanical systems made of magnetically coupled spinners, we reveal that the presence of the edge or seam bands that are flat in the entire projected reciprocal space follows the predictions based on topological winding numbers. The edge-to-edge distance sensitively controls the flatness of the edge bands and the localization of excitations, consistent with the theoretical analysis. The analog of the fractional charge state is observed. Possible realizations of flat bands in a large class of metamaterials, including photonic crystals and electronic metamaterials, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qian
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Linghua Zhu
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Keun Hyuk Ahn
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Camelia Prodan
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schrinner PPJ, Olthaus J, Reiter DE, Schuck C. Integration of Diamond-Based Quantum Emitters with Nanophotonic Circuits. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8170-8177. [PMID: 33136413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanophotonics provides a promising approach to advance quantum technology by replicating fundamental building blocks of nanoscale quantum optic systems in large numbers with high reproducibility on monolithic chips. While photonic integrated circuit components and single-photon detectors offer attractive performance on silicon chips, the large-scale integration of individually accessible quantum emitters has remained a challenge. Here, we demonstrate simultaneous optical access to several integrated solid-state spin systems with Purcell-enhanced coupling of single photons with high modal purity from lithographically positioned nitrogen vacancy centers into photonic integrated circuits. Photonic crystal cavities embedded in networks of tantalum pentoxide-on-insulator waveguides provide efficient interfaces to quantum emitters that allow us to optically detect magnetic resonances (ODMR) as desired in quantum sensing. Nanophotonic networks that provide configurable optical interfaces to nanoscale quantum emitters via many independent channels will allow for novel functionality in photonic quantum information processors and quantum sensing schemes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip P J Schrinner
- Institute of Physics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for NanoTechnology - CeNTech, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience - SoN, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Olthaus
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Doris E Reiter
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten Schuck
- Institute of Physics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for NanoTechnology - CeNTech, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience - SoN, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
García-Elcano I, González-Tudela A, Bravo-Abad J. Tunable and Robust Long-Range Coherent Interactions between Quantum Emitters Mediated by Weyl Bound States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:163602. [PMID: 33124853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.163602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Long-range coherent interactions between quantum emitters are instrumental for quantum information and simulation technologies, but they are generally difficult to isolate from dissipation. Here, we show how such interactions can be obtained in photonic Weyl environments due to the emergence of an exotic bound state whose wave function displays power-law spatial confinement. Using an exact formalism, we show how this bound state can mediate coherent transfer of excitations between emitters, with virtually no dissipation and with a transfer rate that follows the same scaling with distance as the bound state wave function. In addition, we show that the topological nature of Weyl points translates into two important features of the Weyl bound state, and, consequently, of the interactions it mediates: first, its range can be tuned without losing the power-law confinement, and, second, they are robust under energy disorder of the bath. To our knowledge, this is the first proposal of a photonic setup that combines simultaneously coherence, tunability, long range, and robustness to disorder. These findings could ultimately pave the way for the design of more robust long-distance entanglement protocols or quantum simulation implementations for studying long-range interacting systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki García-Elcano
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Bravo-Abad
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xia S, Jukić D, Wang N, Smirnova D, Smirnov L, Tang L, Song D, Szameit A, Leykam D, Xu J, Chen Z, Buljan H. Nontrivial coupling of light into a defect: the interplay of nonlinearity and topology. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:147. [PMID: 32864122 PMCID: PMC7438503 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The flourishing of topological photonics in the last decade was achieved mainly due to developments in linear topological photonic structures. However, when nonlinearity is introduced, many intriguing questions arise. For example, are there universal fingerprints of the underlying topology when modes are coupled by nonlinearity, and what can happen to topological invariants during nonlinear propagation? To explore these questions, we experimentally demonstrate nonlinearity-induced coupling of light into topologically protected edge states using a photonic platform and develop a general theoretical framework for interpreting the mode-coupling dynamics in nonlinear topological systems. Performed on laser-written photonic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattices, our experiments show the nonlinear coupling of light into a nontrivial edge or interface defect channel that is otherwise not permissible due to topological protection. Our theory explains all the observations well. Furthermore, we introduce the concepts of inherited and emergent nonlinear topological phenomena as well as a protocol capable of revealing the interplay of nonlinearity and topology. These concepts are applicable to other nonlinear topological systems, both in higher dimensions and beyond our photonic platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Xia
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Dario Jukić
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb, A. Kačića Miošića 26, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nan Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Daria Smirnova
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Lev Smirnov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia
| | - Liqin Tang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi PR China
| | - Daohong Song
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi PR China
| | - Alexander Szameit
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Daniel Leykam
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126 Republic of Korea
- Basic Science Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Jingjun Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi PR China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006 Shanxi PR China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA
| | - Hrvoje Buljan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yang ZQ, Shao ZK, Chen HZ, Mao XR, Ma RM. Spin-Momentum-Locked Edge Mode for Topological Vortex Lasing. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:013903. [PMID: 32678624 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.013903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spin-momentum locking is a direct consequence of bulk topological order and provides a basic concept to control a carrier's spin and charge flow for new exotic phenomena in condensed matter physics. However, up to date the research on spin-momentum locking solely focuses on its in-plane transport properties. Here, we report an emerging out-of-plane radiation feature of spin-momentum locking in a non-Hermitian topological photonic system and demonstrate a high performance topological vortex laser based on it. We find that the gain saturation effect lifts the degeneracy of the paired counterpropagating spin-momentum-locked edge modes enabling lasing from a single topological edge mode. The near-field spin and orbital angular momentum of the topological edge mode lasing has a one-to-one far-field radiation correspondence. The methodology of probing the near-field topology feature by far-field lasing emission can be used to study other exotic phenomena. The device can lead to applications in superresolution imaging, optical tweezers, free-space optical sensing, and communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Qian Yang
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Kai Shao
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
| | - Hua-Zhou Chen
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Rui Mao
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
| | - Ren-Min Ma
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cui WX, Xing Y, Qi L, Han X, Liu S, Zhang S, Wang HF. Quantum walks in periodically kicked circuit QED lattice. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:13532-13541. [PMID: 32403825 DOI: 10.1364/oe.390352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the quantum walks of a single particle in a one-dimensional periodically kicked circuit quantum electrodynamics lattice. It is found that the dynamic process of the quantum walker is affected by the strength of incommensurate potentials and the driven periods of the system. We calculate the mean square displacement to illustrate the dynamic properties of the quantum walks, which shows that the localized process of the quantum walker presents the zero power-law index distribution. By calculating the mean information entropy, we find that the next-nearest-neighbor interactions have a remarkable deviation effects on the quantum walks and make a more stricter parameter condition for the localization of the quantum walker. Moreover, assisted by the lattice-based cavity input-output process, the localized features of circuit quantum electrodynamics lattice can be observed by measuring the average photon number of the cavity field in the steady state.
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Under the Born–Markov approximation, a qubit system, such as a two-level atom, is known to undergo a memoryless decay of quantum coherence or excitation when weakly coupled to a featureless environment. Recently, it has been shown that unavoidable disorder in the environment is responsible for non-Markovian effects and information backflow from the environment into the system owing to Anderson localization. This turns disorder into a resource for enhancing non-Markovianity in the system–environment dynamics, which could be of relevance in cavity quantum electrodynamics. Here we consider the decoherence dynamics of a qubit weakly coupled to a two-dimensional bath with a nontrivial topological phase, such as a two-level atom embedded in a two-dimensional coupled-cavity array with a synthetic gauge field realizing a quantum-Hall bath, and show that Markovianity is protected against moderate disorder owing to the robustness of chiral edge modes in the quantum-Hall bath. Interestingly, switching off the gauge field, i.e., flipping the bath into a topological trivial phase, allows one to re-introduce non-Markovian effects. Such a result indicates that changing the topological phase of a bath by a tunable synthetic gauge field can be harnessed to control non-Markovian effects and quantum information backflow in a qubit-environment system.
Collapse
|
32
|
Downing CA, Sturges TJ, Weick G, Stobińska M, Martín-Moreno L. Topological Phases of Polaritons in a Cavity Waveguide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:217401. [PMID: 31809145 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.217401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study the unconventional topological phases of polaritons inside a cavity waveguide, demonstrating how strong light-matter coupling leads to a breakdown of the bulk-edge correspondence. We observe an ostensibly topologically nontrivial phase, which unexpectedly does not exhibit edge states. Our findings are in direct contrast to topological tight-binding models with electrons, such as the celebrated Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model. We present a theory of collective polaritonic excitations in a dimerized chain of oscillating dipoles embedded inside a photonic cavity. The added degree of freedom from the cavity photons upgrades the system from a typical SSH SU(2) model into a largely unexplored SU(3) model. Tuning the light-matter coupling strength by changing the cavity size reveals three critical points in parameter space: when the polariton band gap closes, when the Zak phase changes from being trivial to nontrivial, and when the edge state is lost. These three critical points do not coincide, and thus the Zak phase is no longer an indicator of the presence of edge states. Our discoveries demonstrate some remarkable properties of topological matter when strongly coupled to light, and could be important for the growing field of topological nanophotonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Downing
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50009, Spain
| | - T J Sturges
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Weick
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - M Stobińska
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Martín-Moreno
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50009, Spain
| |
Collapse
|