1
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Fu C, Dilasser F, Lin SZ, Karnat M, Arora A, Rajendiran H, Ong HT, Mui Hoon Brenda N, Phow SW, Hirashima T, Sheetz M, Rupprecht JF, Tlili S, Viasnoff V. Regulation of intercellular viscosity by E-cadherin-dependent phosphorylation of EGFR in collective cell migration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2405560121. [PMID: 39231206 PMCID: PMC11406304 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2405560121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Collective cell migration is crucial in various physiological processes, including wound healing, morphogenesis, and cancer metastasis. Adherens Junctions (AJs) play a pivotal role in regulating cell cohesion and migration dynamics during tissue remodeling. While the role and origin of the junctional mechanical tension at AJs have been extensively studied, the influence of the actin cortex structure and dynamics on junction plasticity remains incompletely understood. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying stress dissipation at junctions are not well elucidated. Here, we found that the ligand-independent phosphorylation of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) downstream of de novo E-cadherin adhesion orchestrates a feedback loop, governing intercellular viscosity via the Rac pathway regulating actin dynamics. Our findings highlight how the E-cadherin-dependent EGFR activity controls the migration mode of collective cell movements independently of intercellular tension. This modulation of effective viscosity coordinates cellular movements within the expanding monolayer, inducing a transition from swirling to laminar flow patterns while maintaining a constant migration front speed. Additionally, we propose a vertex model with adjustable junctional viscosity, capable of replicating all observed cellular flow phenotypes experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Fu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Florian Dilasser
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Shao-Zhen Lin
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, Centre de Physique Theorique (UMR 7332), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Marc Karnat
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, Centre de Physique Theorique (UMR 7332), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Aditya Arora
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Harini Rajendiran
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Hui Ting Ong
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Nai Mui Hoon Brenda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Sound Wai Phow
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirashima
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Michael Sheetz
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Jean-François Rupprecht
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, Centre de Physique Theorique (UMR 7332), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Sham Tlili
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de Biologie du developpement de Marseille (UMR 7288), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- CNRS International Research Lab 3639, Singapore 117411, Singapore
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2
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Bush J, Cabe JI, Conway D, Maruthamuthu V. E-cadherin adhesion dynamics as revealed by an accelerated force ramp are dependent upon the presence of α-catenin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:308-315. [PMID: 37837751 PMCID: PMC10615569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Tissue remodeling and shape changes often rely on force-induced cell rearrangements occurring via cell-cell contact dynamics. Epithelial cell-cell contact shape changes are particularly dependent upon E-cadherin adhesion dynamics which are directly influenced by cell-generated and external forces. While both the mobility of E-cadherin adhesions and their adhesion strength have been reported before, it is not clear how these two aspects of E-cadherin adhesion dynamics are related. Here, using magnetic pulling cytometry, we applied an accelerated force ramp on the E-cadherin adhesion between an E-cadherin-coated magnetic microbead and an epithelial cell to ascertain this relationship. Our approach enables the determination of the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of individual adhesions, which revealed a direct correlation between these key characteristics. Since α-catenin has previously been reported to play a role in both E-cadherin mobility and adhesion strength when studied independently, we also probed epithelial cells in which α-catenin has been knocked out. We found that, in the absence of α-catenin, E-cadherin adhesions not only had lower adhesion strength, as expected, but were also more mobile. We observed that α-catenin was required for the recovery of strained cell-cell contacts and propose that the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of E-cadherin adhesions act in tandem to regulate cell-cell contact homeostasis. Our approach introduces a method which relates the force-dependent adhesion mobility to adhesion strength and highlights the morphological role played by α-catenin in E-cadherin adhesion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Bush
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA; Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Jolene I Cabe
- Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Daniel Conway
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Venkat Maruthamuthu
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA.
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3
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Son YJ, Keum C, Kim M, Jeong G, Jin S, Hwang HW, Kim H, Lee K, Jeon H, Kim H, Pahk KJ, Jang HW, Sun JY, Han HS, Lee KH, Ok MR, Kim YC, Jeong Y. Selective Cell-Cell Adhesion Regulation via Cyclic Mechanical Deformation Induced by Ultrafast Nanovibrations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37751467 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of dynamic mechanomodulation to regulate cellular behavior is an alternative to the use of chemical drugs, allowing spatiotemporal control. However, cell-selective targeting of mechanical stimuli is challenging due to the lack of strategies with which to convert macroscopic mechanical movements to different cellular responses. Here, we designed a nanoscale vibrating surface that controls cell behavior via selective repetitive cell deformation based on a poroelastic cell model. The vibrating indentations induce repetitive water redistribution in the cells with water redistribution rates faster than the vibrating rate; however, in the opposite case, cells perceive the vibrations as a one-time stimulus. The selective regulation of cell-cell adhesion through adjusting the frequency of nanovibration was demonstrated by suppression of cadherin expression in smooth muscle cells (fast water redistribution rate) with no change in vascular endothelial cells (slow water redistribution rate). This technique may provide a new strategy for cell-type-specific mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Son
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjoon Keum
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Goeen Jeong
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeong Jin
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Won Hwang
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwoo Lee
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeon
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Kim
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Joo Pahk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seop Han
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Hyi Lee
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Ryul Ok
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Chan Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdo Jeong
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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4
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Bush J, Cabe JI, Conway D, Maruthamuthu V. α-Catenin Dependent E-cadherin Adhesion Dynamics as Revealed by an Accelerated Force Ramp. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.28.550975. [PMID: 37645773 PMCID: PMC10461907 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.28.550975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Tissue remodeling and shape changes often rely on force-induced cell rearrangements occurring via cell-cell contact dynamics. Epithelial cell-cell contact shape changes are particularly dependent upon E-cadherin adhesion dynamics which are directly influenced by cell-generated and external forces. While both the mobility of E-cadherin adhesions and their adhesion strength have been reported before, it is not clear how these two aspects of E-cadherin adhesion dynamics are related. Here, using magnetic pulling cytometry, we applied an accelerated force ramp on the E-cadherin adhesion between an E-cadherin-coated magnetic microbead and an epithelial cell to ascertain this relationship. Our approach enables the determination of the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of individual adhesions, which revealed a direct correlation between these key characteristics. Since α-catenin has previously been reported to play a role in both E-cadherin mobility and adhesion strength when studied independently, we also probed epithelial cells in which α-catenin has been knocked out. We found that, in the absence of α-catenin, E-cadherin adhesions not only had lower adhesion strength, as expected, but were also more mobile. We observed that α-catenin was required for the recovery of strained cell-cell contacts and propose that the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of E-cadherin adhesions act in tandem to regulate cell-cell contact homeostasis. Our approach introduces a method which relates the force-dependent adhesion mobility to adhesion strength and highlights the morphological role played by α-catenin in E-cadherin adhesion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Bush
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
- Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030
| | - Jolene I. Cabe
- Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Daniel Conway
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Venkat Maruthamuthu
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
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5
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Shi B, Matsui T, Qian S, Weiss TM, Nicholl ID, Callaway DJE, Bu Z. An ensemble of cadherin-catenin-vinculin complex employs vinculin as the major F-actin binding mode. Biophys J 2023; 122:2456-2474. [PMID: 37147801 PMCID: PMC10323030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell-cell adhesion cadherin-catenin complexes recruit vinculin to the adherens junction (AJ) to modulate the mechanical couplings between neighboring cells. However, it is unclear how vinculin influences the AJ structure and function. Here, we identified two patches of salt bridges that lock vinculin in the head-tail autoinhibited conformation and reconstituted the full-length vinculin activation mimetics bound to the cadherin-catenin complex. The cadherin-catenin-vinculin complex contains multiple disordered linkers and is highly dynamic, which poses a challenge for structural studies. We determined the ensemble conformation of this complex using small-angle x-ray and selective deuteration/contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering. In the complex, both α-catenin and vinculin adopt an ensemble of flexible conformations, but vinculin has fully open conformations with the vinculin head and actin-binding tail domains well separated from each other. F-actin binding experiments show that the cadherin-catenin-vinculin complex binds and bundles F-actin. However, when the vinculin actin-binding domain is removed from the complex, only a minor fraction of the complex binds to F-actin. The results show that the dynamic cadherin-catenin-vinculin complex employs vinculin as the primary F-actin binding mode to strengthen AJ-cytoskeleton interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City College of New York, City University of New York (CUNY), New York; PhD Programs in Chemistry and Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, New York
| | - Tsutomu Matsui
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light Source, Menlo Park, California
| | - Shuo Qian
- Second Target Station Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - Thomas M Weiss
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light Source, Menlo Park, California
| | - Iain D Nicholl
- Department of Biomedical Science and Physiology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - David J E Callaway
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City College of New York, City University of New York (CUNY), New York.
| | - Zimei Bu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, City College of New York, City University of New York (CUNY), New York; PhD Programs in Chemistry and Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, New York.
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6
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Luo M, Huang M, Yang N, Zhu Y, Huang P, Xu Z, Wang W, Cai L. Impairment of rigidity sensing caused by mutant TP53 gain of function in osteosarcoma. Bone Res 2023; 11:28. [PMID: 37246175 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00265-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant pediatric bone tumor and is characterized by high heterogeneity. Studies have revealed a wide range of phenotypic differences among OS cell lines in terms of their in vivo tumorigenicity and in vitro colony-forming abilities. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of these discrepancies remains unclear. The potential role of mechanotransduction in tumorigenicity is of particular interest. To this end, we tested the tumorigenicity and anoikis resistance of OS cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. We utilized a sphere culture model, a soft agar assay, and soft and rigid hydrogel surface culture models to investigate the function of rigidity sensing in the tumorigenicity of OS cells. Additionally, we quantified the expression of sensor proteins, including four kinases and seven cytoskeletal proteins, in OS cell lines. The upstream core transcription factors of rigidity-sensing proteins were further investigated. We detected anoikis resistance in transformed OS cells. The mechanosensing function of transformed OS cells was also impaired, with general downregulation of rigidity-sensing components. We identified toggling between normal and transformed growth based on the expression pattern of rigidity-sensing proteins in OS cells. We further uncovered a novel TP53 mutation (R156P) in transformed OS cells, which acquired gain of function to inhibit rigidity sensing, thus sustaining transformed growth. Our findings suggest a fundamental role of rigidity-sensing components in OS tumorigenicity as mechanotransduction elements through which cells can sense their physical microenvironment. In addition, the gain of function of mutant TP53 appears to serve as an executor for such malignant programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Mingyang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ningning Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yufan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhujun Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wengang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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7
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Jiang N, Xu L, Han Y, Wang S, Duan X, Dai J, Hu Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Huang J. High-Throughput Electromechanical Coupling Chip Systems for Real-Time 3D Invasion/Migration Assay of Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2300882. [PMID: 37088781 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell invasion/migration through three-dimensional (3D) tissues is not only essential for physiological/pathological processes, but a hallmark of cancer malignancy. However, how to quantify spatiotemporal dynamics of 3D cell migration/invasion is challenging. Here, this work reports a 3D cell invasion/migration assay (3D-CIMA) based on electromechanical coupling chip systems, which can monitor spatiotemporal dynamics of 3D cell invasion/migration in a real-time, label-free, nondestructive, and high-throughput way. In combination with 3D topological networks and complex impedance detection technology, this work shows that 3D-CIMA can quantitively characterize collective invasion/migration dynamics of cancer cells in 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) with controllable biophysical/biomechanical properties. More importantly, this work further reveals that it has the capability to not only carry out quantitative evaluation of anti-tumor drugs in 3D microenvironments that minimize the impact of cell culture dimensions, but also grade clinical cancer specimens. The proposed 3D-CIMA offers a new quantitative methodology for investigating cell interactions with 3D extracellular microenvironments, which has potential applications in various fields like mechanobiology, drug screening, and even precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, and Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Han
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, and Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, and Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaocen Duan
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jingyao Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, P. R. China, 100142
| | - Yunxing Hu
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, and Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Premature Infants, Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300450, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathopgysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Jianyong Huang
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, and Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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8
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Kingsley C, Kourtidis A. Critical roles of adherens junctions in diseases of the oral mucosa. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2084320. [PMID: 35659464 PMCID: PMC10161952 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2084320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is directly exposed to a variety of environmental stimuli and contains a diverse microbiome that continuously interacts with the oral epithelium. Therefore, establishment and maintenance of the barrier function of the oral mucosa is of paramount importance for its function and for the body's overall health. The adherens junction is a cell-cell adhesion complex that is essential for epithelial barrier function. Although a considerable body of work has associated barrier disruption with oral diseases, the molecular underpinnings of these associations have not been equally investigated. This is critical, since adherens junction components also possess significant signaling roles in the cell, in addition to their architectural ones. Here, we summarize current knowledge involving adherens junction components in oral pathologies, such as cancer and oral pathogen-related diseases, while we also discuss gaps in the knowledge and opportunities for future investigation of the relationship between adherens junctions and oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kingsley
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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9
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Bonn L, Ardaševa A, Mueller R, Shendruk TN, Doostmohammadi A. Fluctuation-induced dynamics of nematic topological defects. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:044706. [PMID: 36397561 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.044706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Topological defects are increasingly being identified in various biological systems, where their characteristic flow fields and stress patterns are associated with continuous active stress generation by biological entities. Here, using numerical simulations of continuum fluctuating nematohydrodynamics, we show that even in the absence of any specific form of active stresses associated with self-propulsion, mesoscopic fluctuations in either orientational alignment or hydrodynamics can independently result in flow patterns around topological defects that resemble the ones observed in active systems. Our simulations further show the possibility of extensile- and contractile-like motion of fluctuation-induced positive half-integer topological defects. Remarkably, isotropic stress fields also reproduce the experimentally measured stress patterns around topological defects in epithelia. Our findings further reveal that extensile- or contractile-like flow and stress patterns around fluctuation-induced defects are governed by passive elastic stresses and flow-aligning behavior of the nematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Bonn
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Aleksandra Ardaševa
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Romain Mueller
- The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Tyler N Shendruk
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Amin Doostmohammadi
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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10
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Eftekharjoo M, Mezher M, Chatterji S, Maruthamuthu V. Epithelial Cell-Like Elasticity Modulates Actin-Dependent E-Cadherin Adhesion Organization. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2455-2462. [PMID: 35549026 PMCID: PMC9199519 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin adhesions are essential for cell-to-cell cohesion and mechanical coupling between epithelial cells and reside in a microenvironment that comprises the adjoining epithelial cells. While E-cadherin has been shown to be a mechanosensor, it is unknown if E-cadherin adhesions can differentially sense stiffness within the range of that of epithelial cells. A survey of literature shows that epithelial cells' Young's moduli of elasticity lie predominantly in the sub-kPa to few-kPa range, with cancer cells often being softer than noncancerous ones. Here, we devised oriented E-cadherin-coated soft silicone substrates with sub-kPa or few-kPa elasticity but with similar viscous moduli and found that E-cadherin adhesions differentially organize depending on the magnitude of epithelial cell-like elasticity. Our results show that the actin cytoskeleton organizes E-cadherin adhesions in two ways─by supporting irregularly shaped adhesions at localized regions of high actin density and linear shaped adhesions at the end of linear actin bundles. Linearly shaped E-cadherin adhesions associated with radially oriented actin─but not irregularly shaped E-cadherin adhesions associated with circumferential actin foci─were much more numerous on 2.4 kPa E-cadherin substrates compared to 0.3 kPa E-cadherin substrates. However, the total amount of E-cadherin in both types of adhesions taken together was similar on the 0.3 and 2.4 kPa E-cadherin substrates across many cells. Our results show how the distribution of E-cadherin adhesions, supported by actin density and architecture, is modulated by epithelial cell-like elasticity and have significant implications for disease states like carcinomas characterized by altered epithelial cell elasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Eftekharjoo
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Mazen Mezher
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Siddharth Chatterji
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Venkat Maruthamuthu
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
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Tomba C, Luchnikov V, Barberi L, Blanch-Mercader C, Roux A. Epithelial cells adapt to curvature induction via transient active osmotic swelling. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1257-1270.e5. [PMID: 35568030 PMCID: PMC9165930 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Generation of tissue curvature is essential to morphogenesis. However, how cells adapt to changing curvature is still unknown because tools to dynamically control curvature in vitro are lacking. Here, we developed self-rolling substrates to study how flat epithelial cell monolayers adapt to a rapid anisotropic change of curvature. We show that the primary response is an active and transient osmotic swelling of cells. This cell volume increase is not observed on inducible wrinkled substrates, where concave and convex regions alternate each other over short distances; and this finding identifies swelling as a collective response to changes of curvature with a persistent sign over large distances. It is triggered by a drop in membrane tension and actin depolymerization, which is perceived by cells as a hypertonic shock. Osmotic swelling restores tension while actin reorganizes, probably to comply with curvature. Thus, epithelia are unique materials that transiently and actively swell while adapting to large curvature induction. Rapid inward and outward epithelial rolling triggers cell volume increase Epithelial folding induces a mechano-osmotic feedback loop that involvs ion channels Cell volume regulation in curved tissues involves actin, membrane tension, and mTORC2
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Tomba
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
| | - Valeriy Luchnikov
- Université de Haute Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 15, rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse 68100, France
| | - Luca Barberi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Carles Blanch-Mercader
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Roux
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; National Center of Competence in Research Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
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