1
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He Y, Li Z, Soilis ZM, He G, Rosi NL. Modulator approach for the design and synthesis of anisotropic multi-domain metal-organic frameworks. Chem Sci 2025; 16:7442-7449. [PMID: 40160365 PMCID: PMC11948342 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc07985j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Multi-domain metal-organic frameworks (MD-MOFs) consist of chemically-distinct interconnected MOF domains. Most commonly they are isotropic, with core-shell and stratified MOFs representing classic examples in which a core MOF is concentrically encased in one or more MOF shells. Anisotropic multi-domain MOFs (AMD-MOFs) are much rarer and are projected to exhibit unique properties that depend on domain sequence, composition, and 3-D spacial distribution. However, straightforward approaches for their synthesis and construction are underdeveloped. We present and describe a modulator-based strategy for preparing a diverse collection of AMD-MOFs. Designed coordination modulators were used to inhibit secondary domain growth along certain facets of seed MOF crystals. Through multistep syntheses, this strategy allows for controlled construction of AMD-MOFs with different domain distributions that depend on modulator identity and domain synthesis sequence. The reported results represent important steps toward realizing a more general synthetic approach for fabricating arbitrarily complex AMD-MOFs, which is crucial for enabling broader exploration and study of their properties, functions, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Zhehao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Zoe M Soilis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Gefan He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Nathaniel L Rosi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261 USA
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2
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Hu L, Li X. Tailored Nucleation-Growth Strategy for Precise Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers. Chemistry 2025; 31:e202404266. [PMID: 39868967 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202404266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 01/27/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
The self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) to form nanostructures of various morphologies and controllable dimensions has been a very promising research area in nanotechnology in recent decades. This concept mainly summarizes the recent advances in precise and controllable self-assembly of BCPs through a tailored nucleation-growth strategy to modulate the self-assembly behavior of the BCPs. These efforts have led to a better understanding of the self-assembly mechanisms and opened new possibilities for creating novel materials with designable properties. We hope that the concept is more than a periodical summary of previous research work and can provide valuable inspiration for the research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjuan Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Materials, MOE. Beijing, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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3
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Dai M, Qi Z, Yan D. In Situ Generation of Microwire Heterojunctions with Flexible Optical Waveguide and Hydration-Mediated Photochromism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202420139. [PMID: 39607074 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202420139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2024] [Revised: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Flexible heterojunctions based on molecular systems are in high demand for applications in photonics, electronics, and smart materials, but fabrication challenges have hindered progress. Herein, we present an in situ approach to creating optical heterojunctions using hydration-mediated flexible molecular crystals. These hydrated multi-component molecular solids display strong blue emitting optical waveguides with minimal optical loss (0.005 dB/μm) and excellent flexibility (elastic modulus: 3.87 GPa). The water-mediated process enables the molecular microwires with tunable elastic and plastic deformation, as well as reversible uptake and release of lattice water, facilitating the formation of flexible heterojunctions. Spectral analysis and theoretical modeling reveal that these microwires exhibit both photochromism and color-tunable dual emission (fluorescence and phosphorescence), expanding their utility in photonic information encoding. Therefore, this work introduces a hydration-mediated molecular engineering strategy for fabricating crystalline heterojunctions with on-demand processability and controllable emission sequences, enabling optical signal manipulation at the micro/nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Dai
- Beijing Key laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhong Qi
- Beijing Key laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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4
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Gholizadeh A, Amjad-Iranagh S, Halladj R. Assessing the Interaction between Dodecylphosphocholine and Dodecylmaltoside Mixed Micelles as Drug Carriers with Lipid Membrane: A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:40433-40445. [PMID: 39372004 PMCID: PMC11447843 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Integrating drugs into cellular membranes efficiently is a significant challenge in drug delivery systems. This study aimed to overcome these barriers by utilizing mixed micelles to enhance drug incorporation into cell membranes. We employed coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the stability and efficacy of micelles composed of dodecylphosphocholine (DPC), a zwitterionic surfactant, and dodecylmaltoside (DDM), a nonionic surfactant, at various mixing ratios. Additionally, we examined the incorporation of a mutated form of Indolicidin (IND) (CP10A), an anti-HIV peptide, into these micelles. This study provides valuable insights for the development of more effective drug delivery systems by optimizing the mixing ratios of DPC and DDM. By balancing stability and penetration efficiency, these mixed micelles can improve the delivery of drugs that face challenges crossing lipid membranes. Such advancements can enhance the efficacy of treatments for various conditions, including viral infections and cancer, by ensuring that therapeutic agents reach their intended cellular targets more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Gholizadeh
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University
of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 15875-4313, Iran
| | - Sepideh Amjad-Iranagh
- Department
of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 15875-4313, Iran
| | - Rouein Halladj
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University
of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 15875-4313, Iran
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5
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Dore MD, Laurent Q, Lachance-Brais C, Das T, Luo X, Sleiman HF. DNA Hierarchical Superstructures from Micellar Units: Stiff Hydrogels and Anisotropic Nanofibers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401453. [PMID: 38951115 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular materials have been assembled using a wide range of interactions, including the hydrophobic effect, DNA base-pairing, and hydrogen bonding. Specifically, DNA amphiphiles with a hydrophobic building block self-assemble into diverse morphologies depending on the length and composition of both blocks. Herein, we take advantage of the orthogonality of different supramolecular interactions - the hydrophobic effect, Watson-Crick-Franklin base pairing and RNA kissing loops - to create hierarchical self-assemblies with controlled morphologies on both the nanometer and the micrometer scales. Assembly through base-pairing leads to the formation of hybrid, multi-phasic hydrogels with high stiffness and self-healing properties. Assembly via hydrophobic core interactions gives anisotropic, discrete assemblies, where DNA fibers with one sequence are terminated with DNA spheres bearing different sequences. This work opens new avenues for the bottom-up construction of DNA-based materials, with promising applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and the creation of complex DNA structures from a minimum array of components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Dore
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, H3A 0B8, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Quentin Laurent
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, H3A 0B8, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Trishalina Das
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, H3A 0B8, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, H3A 0B8, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hanadi F Sleiman
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, H3A 0B8, Montréal, QC, Canada
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6
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MacKenzie HK, Zhang Y, Zheng W, Shaikh H, MacFarlane LR, Musgrave RA, Manners I. Functional Noncentrosymmetric Nanoparticle-Nanofiber Hybrids via Selective Fragmentation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18504-18512. [PMID: 38946087 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Noncentrosymmetric nanostructures are an attractive synthetic target as they can exhibit complex interparticle interactions useful for numerous applications. However, generating uniform, colloidally stable, noncentrosymmetric nanoparticles with low aspect ratios is a significant challenge using solution self-assembly approaches. Herein, we outline the synthesis of noncentrosymmetric multiblock co-nanofibers by subsequent living crystallization-driven self-assembly of block co-polymers, spatially confined attachment of nanoparticles, and localized nanofiber fragmentation. Using this strategy, we have fabricated uniform diblock and triblock noncentrosymmetric π-conjugated nanofiber-nanoparticle hybrid structures. Additionally, in contrast to Brownian motion typical of centrosymmetric nanoparticles, we demonstrated that these noncentrosymmetric nanofibers undergo ballistic motion in the presence of H2O2 and thus could be employed as nanomotors in various applications, including drug delivery and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey K MacKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P. R. China
| | - Weijia Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Huda Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Liam R MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Rebecca A Musgrave
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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7
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Leitao E, MacKenzie H. Ian Manners (1961-2023): Learning to Fly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408692. [PMID: 38818737 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Ian Manners, an internationally renowned main-group and materials scientist, passed away on December 3, 2023. He will be remembered as a brilliant researcher, an avid birdwatching enthusiast, Pink Floyd fan, and champion of his students who had a profoundly positive impact on those around him.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Leitao
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Harvey MacKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
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8
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Atienza CM, Sánchez L. Increasing Dimensionality in Self-Assembly: Toward Two-Dimensional Supramolecular Polymers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400379. [PMID: 38525912 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Different approaches to achieve 2D supramolecular polymers, as an alternative to the covalent bottom-up approaches reported for the preparation of 2D materials, are reviewed. The significance of the operation of weak non-covalent forces to induce a lateral growth of a number of self-assembling units is collected. The examples of both thermodynamically and kinetically controlled formation of 2D supramolecular polymers showed in this review demonstrate the utility of this strategy to achieve new 2D materials with biased morphologies (nanosheets, scrolls, porous surfaces) and showing elegant applications like chiral recognition, enantioselective uptake or asymmetric organic transformations. Furthermore, elaborated techniques like seeded or living supramolecular polymerizations have been demonstrated to give rise to complex 2D nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Atienza
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, -Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, -Madrid, Spain
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9
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Lin G, Tao J, Sun Y, Cui Y, Manners I, Qiu H. Breaking of Lateral Symmetry in Two-Dimensional Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly on a Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14734-14744. [PMID: 38748980 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Symmetry breaking is prevalent in nature and provides distinctive access to hierarchical structures for artificial materials. However, it is rarely explored in two-dimensional (2D) entities, especially for lateral asymmetry. Herein, we describe a unique symmetry breaking process in surface-initiated 2D living crystallization-driven self-assembly. The 2D epitaxial growth occurs only at one lateral side of the immobilized cylindrical micelle seeds, accessing unilateral platelets with the yield increasing with the seed length, the growth temperature, and poly(2-vinylpyridine) corona length (maximum = 92%). Generally, the tilted immobilization of seeds blocks one lateral side and triggers the lateral symmetry breaking, where the intensity and spatial arrangement of seed-surface interactions dictate the regulation. Segmented unilateral platelets with segmented corona regions are further fabricated with the addition of different blended unimers. Remarkably, discrete slope-like and dense blade-like platelet arrays grow off the surface when seeds are compactly aligned either with spherical micelles or themselves. This strategy provides nanoscale insights into the symmetry breaking in long-range self-assembly and would be promising for the design of innovative colloids and smart surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P5C2, Canada
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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10
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Jin B, Hu L, Li X. Mesogenic Ordering-Driven Self-Assembly of Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymers in Solution. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400312. [PMID: 38454618 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles with nicely defined structures has been well-developed, and the functionalization and subsequent applications of the resultant nanostructures are becoming increasingly important. Particularly, by introducing mesogenic ordering as the driving force for the solution-state self-assembly of liquid crystalline (LC) block copolymers (BCPs), micellar nanostructures with different morphologies, especially anisotropic morphologies, can be easily prepared. This review summarizes the recent progress in the solution-state self-assembly of LC BCPs and is mostly focused on four main related aspects, including an in-depth understanding of the mesogenic ordering-driven self-assembly, precise assembly methods, utilization of these methods to fabricate hierarchical structures, and the potential applications of these well-defined nanostructures. We hope not only to make a systematic summary of previous studies but also to provide some useful thinking for the future development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixin Jin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Lingjuan Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Materials, MOE. Beijing, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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11
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Liu F, Liu X, Abdiryim T, Gu H, Astruc D. Heterometallic macromolecules: Synthesis, properties and multiple nanomaterial applications. Coord Chem Rev 2024; 500:215544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
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12
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Lu Y, Gao J, Ren Y, Ding Y, Jia L. Synergetic Self-Assembly of Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymer with Amphiphiles for Fabrication of Hierarchical Assemblies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304955. [PMID: 37649168 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel functions and advanced structure, where each single component could not be produced individually, can exhibit from the collective and synergistic behavior of component systems. This synergetic strategy has been successfully demonstrated for co-assembly of polymer-polymer to construct hierarchical nanomaterials. However, differences in the natures of polymer and small molecules impose challenges in the construction of sophisticated co-assemblies with geometrical and compositional control. Herein, a synergetic self-assembly strategy is proposed to prepare organic-organic hybrid colloidal mesostructures by blending a liquid crystalline block copolymer (LC-BCP) with small molecular amphiphiles. Through a classic solvent-exchange process, amphiphiles embedded with LC-BCP realize multi-component nucleation and hierarchical assembly driven by anisotropic interaction from the LC ordering alignment of the core-forming block. 1D nanofibers with a periodic striped structure are formed by further LC component fusion and refinement. In addition, LC ordering effect of LC-BCP can be regulated by selecting appropriate solvents and leads to the formation of vesicular co-micelles. By means of the thermal-responsive behavior of amphiphiles, hexagonal pore arrays are finally generated on the surface of those vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Juanjuan Gao
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yangge Ren
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai, 200444, China
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13
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Jiang J, Nikbin E, Liu Y, Lei S, Ye G, Howe JY, Manners I, Winnik MA. Defect-Induced Secondary Crystals Drive Two-Dimensional to Three-Dimensional Morphological Evolution in the Co-Self-Assembly of Polyferrocenylsilane Block Copolymer and Homopolymer. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:28096-28110. [PMID: 38088827 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Bottom-up fabrication protocols for uniform 3D hierarchical structures in solution are rare. We report two different approaches to fabricate uniform 3D spherulites and their precursors using mixtures of poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFS) block copolymer (BCP) and PFS homopolymer (HP). Both protocols are designed to promote defects in 2D assemblies that serve as intermediate structures. In a multistep seeded growth protocol, we add the BCP/HP mixture to (1D) rod-like PFS micelles in a selective solvent as first-generation seeds. This leads to 2D platelet structures. If this step is conducted at a high supersaturation, secondary crystals form on the basal surface of these platelets. Co-crystallization and rapid crystallization of BCP/HP promote the formation of defects that act as nucleation sites for secondary crystals, resulting in multilayer platelets. This is the key step. The multilayer platelets serve as second-generation seeds upon subsequent addition of BCP/HP blends and, with increasing supersaturation, lead to the sequential formation of uniform (3D) hedrites, sheaves, and spherulites. Similar structures can also be obtained by a simple one-pot direct self-assembly (heating-cooling-aging) protocol of PFS BCP/HP blends. In this case, for a carefully chosen but narrow temperature range, PFS HPs nucleate formation of uniform structures, and the annealing temperature regulates the supersaturation level. In both protocols, the competitive crystallization kinetics of HP/BCP affects the morphology. Both protocols exhibit broad generality. We believe the morphological transformation from 2D to 3D structures, regulated by defect formation, co-crystallization, and supersaturation levels, could apply to various semicrystalline polymers. Moreover, the 3D structures are sufficiently robust to serve as recoverable carriers for nanoparticle catalysts, exhibiting valuable catalytic activity and opening new possibilities for applications requiring exquisite 3D structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Ehsan Nikbin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Shixing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Gang Ye
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jane Y Howe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
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14
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Zhu L, Liu L, Varlas S, Wang RY, O'Reilly RK, Tong Z. Understanding the Seeded Heteroepitaxial Growth of Crystallizable Polymers: The Role of Crystallization Thermodynamics. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37979190 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Seeded heteroepitaxial growth is a "living" crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) method that has emerged as a promising route to create uniform segmented nanoparticles with diverse core chemistries by using chemically distinct core-forming polymers. Our previous results have demonstrated that crystallization kinetics is a key factor that determines the occurrence of heteroepitaxial growth, but an in-depth understanding of controlling heteroepitaxy from the perspective of crystallization thermodynamics is yet unknown. Herein, we select crystallizable aliphatic polycarbonates (PxCs) with a different number of methylene groups (xCH2, x = 4, 6, 7, 12) in their repeating units as model polymers to explore the effect of lattice match and core compatibility on the seeded growth behavior. Seeded growth of PxCs-containing homopolymer/block copolymer blend unimers from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) core-forming seed platelet micelles exhibits distinct crystal growth behavior at subambient temperatures, which is governed by the lattice match and core compatibility. A case of seeded growth with better core compatibility and a smaller lattice mismatch follows epitaxial growth, where the newly created crystal domain has the same structural orientation as the original platelet substrate. In contrast, a case of seeded growth with better core compatibility but a larger lattice mismatch shows nonepitaxial growth with less-defined crystal orientations in the platelet plane. Additionally, a case of seeded growth with poor core compatibility and larger lattice mismatch results in polydisperse platelet micelles, whereby crystal formation is not nucleated from the crystalline substrate. These findings reveal important factors that govern the specific crystal growth during a seeded growth approach by using compositionally distinct cores, which would further guide researchers in designing 2D segmented materials via polymer crystallization approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyuan Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Liping Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Rui-Yang Wang
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Rachel K O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Zaizai Tong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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15
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Sasaki N, Kikkawa J, Ishii Y, Uchihashi T, Imamura H, Takeuchi M, Sugiyasu K. Multistep, site-selective noncovalent synthesis of two-dimensional block supramolecular polymers. Nat Chem 2023; 15:922-929. [PMID: 37264101 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the principles of noncovalent bonding are well understood and form the basis for the syntheses of many intricate supramolecular structures, supramolecular noncovalent synthesis cannot yet achieve the levels of precision and complexity that are attainable in organic and/or macromolecular covalent synthesis. Here we show the stepwise synthesis of block supramolecular polymers from metal-porphyrin derivatives (in which the metal centre is Zn, Cu or Ni) functionalized with fluorinated alkyl chains. These monomers first undergo a one-dimensional supramolecular polymerization and cyclization process to form a toroidal structure. Subsequently, successive secondary nucleation, elongation and cyclization steps result in two-dimensional assemblies with concentric toroidal morphologies. The site selectivity endowed by the fluorinated chains, reminiscent of regioselectivity in covalent synthesis, enables the precise control of the compositions and sequences of the supramolecular structures, as demonstrated by the synthesis of several triblock supramolecular terpolymers.
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Grants
- JP22H02134 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 20H04682 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP19K05592 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 20H04669 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP20H05868 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Sasaki
- Molecular Design and Function Group, Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jun Kikkawa
- Electron Microscopy Group, Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishii
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hitomi Imamura
- Molecular Design and Function Group, Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Molecular Design and Function Group, Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sugiyasu
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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16
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Shi W, Xia Z, Zong Y, Wang R, Liu J, Lu C. Dynamic Control over Hierarchically Dendritic Architectures of Simple Heterogenous Monomers by Living Supramolecular Assembly. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37390488 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The successful preparation of supramolecular block copolymers (SBCPs) by living supramolecular assembly technology requires two kinetic systems in which both the seed (nucleus) and heterogenous monomer providers are in non-equilibrium. However, employing simple monomers to construct the SBCPs via this technology is almost impossible because the low spontaneous nucleation barrier of simple molecules prevents the formation of kinetic states. Here, with the help of confinement from layered double hydroxide (LDH), various simple monomers successfully form living supramolecular co-assemblies (LSCA). LDH overcomes a considerable energy barrier to obtain living seeds to support the growth of the inactivated second monomer. The ordered LDH topology is sequentially mapped to the seed, second monomer, and binding sites. Thus, the multidirectional binding sites are endowed with the ability to branch, making the branch length of dendritic LSCA reach its maximum value of 3.5 cm so far. The strategy of universality will guide exploration into the development of multi-function and multi-topology advanced supramolecular co-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yingtong Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ruixing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
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17
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Jin H, Wu Z, Lin W, Chen Y, Zhang J, Zheng R, Wei H, Chen Q, Qian Q, Huang J, Zhang J, Yan Y. Formation of Size-Controllable Tetragonal Nanoprisms by Crystallization-Directed Ionic Self-Assembly of Anionic Porphyrin and PEO-Containing Triblock Cationic Copolymer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300688. [PMID: 37029578 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The creation of anisotropic nanostructures with precise size control is desirable for new properties and functions, but it is challenging for ionic self-assembly (ISA) because of the non-directional electrostatic interactions. Herein, the formation of size-controllable tetragonal nanoprisms is reported via crystallization-directed ionic self-assembly (CDISA) through evaporating a micellar solution on solid substrates. First, ISA is designed with a crystalline polyethylene oxide (PEO) containing cationic polymer poly(2-(2-guanidinoethoxy)ethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(ethyleneoxide)-b-poly(2-(2-guanidinoethoxy)-ethylmethacrylate) (PGn -PEO230 -PGn ) and an anionic 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) to form micelles in aqueous solution. The PG segments binds excessive TPPS with amplenet chargeto form hydrophilic corona, while the PEO segments are unprecedentedly dehydrated and tightly packed into cores. Upon naturally drying the micellar solution on a silicon wafer, PEO crystallizationdirects the micelles to aggregate into square nanoplates, which are further connected to nanoprisms. Length and width of the nanoprisms can be facilely tuned by varying the initial concentration. In this hierarchical process, the aqueous self-assembly is prerequisite and the water evaporation rate is crucial for the formation of nanostructures, which provides multiple factors for morphology regulating. Such precise size-control strategy is highly expected to provide a new vision for the design of advanced materials with size controllable anisotropic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Weilin Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Yinye Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Jingran Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Ruyi Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haibing Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Qingrong Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Polymer Green Recycling of Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Jianbin Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yun Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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18
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Chemical shield effect of metal complexation on seeded growth of poly(ε-caprolactone) core-forming blends. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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19
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Li Z, Xiao K, Wan Q, Tang R, Low KH, Cui X, Che CM. Controlled Self-assembly of Gold(I) Complexes by Multiple Kinetic Aggregation States with Nonlinear Optical and Waveguide Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216523. [PMID: 36484771 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of multiple kinetic aggregation states (Aggs) into the self-assembly pathway could bring complexity and flexibility to the self-assemblies, which is difficult to realize due to the delicate equilibria established among different Aggs bonded by weak noncovalent interactions. Here, we describe a series of chiral and achiral d10 AuI bis(N-heterocyclic carbene, NHC) complexes, and the achiral complex could undergo self-assembly with multiple kinetic Aggs. Generation of multiple kinetic Aggs was realized by applying chiral or achiral seeds exhibiting large differences in elongation temperatures for their respective cooperative self-assembly processes. We further showed that the chiral AuI self-assemblies having non-centrosymmetric packing forms exhibit nonlinear optical response of second harmonic generation (SHG), while the SHG signal is absent in the achiral analogue. The crystalline achiral AuI self-assemblies could function as optical waveguides with strong emission polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongshang Li
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, 518057, China.,Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited Units 909-915, Building 17W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong, China
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20
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Wan Q, Xiao K, Li Z, Yang J, Kim JT, Cui X, Che CM. Optical Signal Modulation in Photonic Waveguiding Heteroarchitectures with Continuously Variable Visible-To-Near-Infrared Emission Color. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204839. [PMID: 36099543 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photonic circuit systems based on optical waveguiding heteroarchitectures have attracted considerable interest owing to their potential to overcome the speed limitation in electronic circuits by modulating the optical signal at the micro- or nanoscale. However, controlling the parameters, including the wavelength and polarization of the light outcoupling, as well as the sequence among different building blocks, remains a key issue. Herein, supramolecular heteroarchitectures made by phosphorescent organometallic complexes of Pt, Pd, Cu, and Au are applied as photonic logic gates that show continuously variable emission colors from 475 to 810 nm, low waveguide losses down to 0.0077 dB µm-1 , and remarkable excitation-light polarization-dependent photoluminescence with anisotropy ratios up to 0.68. The sequences among Pt, Pd, Au, and Cu building blocks in the heteroarchitectures are controlled by living supramolecular polymerization or crystallization-driven self-assembly synthetic approaches. The results indicate the prospects for using organometallic complexes and supramolecular synthetic approaches to prepare photonic circuit systems with tunable emission color and controllable sequences among different blocks that achieve modulation of the optical signal in the visible-to-near-infrared spectral region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zongshang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jihyuk Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited Units 909-915, Building 17W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ji Tae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited Units 909-915, Building 17W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong SAR, China
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21
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Nie J, Huang X, Lu G, Winnik MA, Feng C. Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Linear and V-Shaped Oligo( p-phenylene ethynylene)-Containing Block Copolymers: Architecture Effect of π-Conjugated Crystalline Segment. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiucheng Nie
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Ding X, Liu D, Jiang X, Chen X, Zuckermann RN, Sun J. Hierarchical Approach for Controlled Assembly of Branched Nanostructures from One Polymer Compound by Engineering Crystalline Domains. ACS NANO 2022; 16:10470-10481. [PMID: 35638769 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interplay of crystalline packing, which governs atomic length-scale order, and hierarchical assembly, which governs longer length scales, is essential to fabricate complex superstructures from polymers for many applications. Here, we demonstrate that a diblock copolymer containing an N-octylglycine peptoid block, which has a propensity to crystallize, can form distinct hierarchical superstructures including a star-like morphology, a superbrush, or a nanosheet by tuning the balance between surface energy arising from the solubility of the copolymers and crystallization energy of the solvophobic polypeptoid blocks. We show that partially ordered micellar aggregates (clusters) are key intermediates that form early in the assembly process and template the formation of superstructures via the oriented fusion of individual micelles as the growth materials. Notably, the fiber-like branch of the superstructures is driven by crystallization and exhibits growth in a living linear manner. The superstructures can be internalized by mammalian cells and hold promise for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xuesi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ronald N Zuckermann
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shao
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yilan Ye
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dayin Sun
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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24
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Sun H, Chen S, Li X, Leng Y, Zhou X, Du J. Lateral growth of cylinders. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2170. [PMID: 35449206 PMCID: PMC9023456 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise control of the shape, size and microstructure of nanomaterials is of high interest in chemistry and material sciences. However, living lateral growth of cylinders is still very challenging. Herein, we propose a crystallization-driven fusion-induced particle assembly (CD-FIPA) strategy to prepare cylinders with growing diameters by the controlled fusion of spherical micelles self-assembled from an amphiphilic homopolymer. The spherical micelles are heated upon glass transition temperature (Tg) to break the metastable state to induce the aggregation and fusion of the amorphous micelles to form crystalline cylinders. With the addition of extra spherical micelles, these micelles can attach onto and fuse with the cylinders, showing the living character of the lateral growth of cylinders. Computer simulations and mathematical calculations are preformed to reveal the total energy changes of the nanostructures during the self-assembly and CD-FIPA process. Overall, we demonstrated a CD-FIPA concept for preparing cylinders with growing diameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200434, Shanghai, China.,Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, 201804, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ying Leng
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200434, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, 201804, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Choi I, Kang SY, Yang S, Yun N, Choi TL. Fabrication of Semiconducting Nanoribbons with Tunable Length and Width via Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of a Homopolymer Prepared by Cyclopolymerization Using Grubbs Catalyst. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inho Choi
- LG Chem Ltd Research and Development, 188, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Namkyu Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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26
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Li P, Davis JL, Mays JW, Wang X, Kilbey SM. Architecture- and Composition-Controlled Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers and Binary Mixtures With Crosslinkable Components: Chain Exchange Between Block Copolymer Nanoparticles. Front Chem 2022; 10:833307. [PMID: 35281559 PMCID: PMC8906501 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.833307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chain exchange behaviors in self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) nanoparticles (NPs) at room temperature are investigated through observations of structural differences between parent and binary systems of BCP NPs with and without crosslinked domains. Pairs of linear diblock or triblock, and branched star-like polystyrene-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-PVP) copolymers that self-assemble in a PVP-selective mixed solvent into BCP NPs with definite differences in size and self-assembled morphology are combined by diverse mixing protocols and at different crosslinking densities to reveal the impact of chain exchange between BCP NPs. Clear structural evolution is observed by dynamic light scattering and AFM and TEM imaging, especially in a blend of triblock + star copolymer BCP NPs. The changes are ascribed to the chain motion inherent in the dynamic equilibrium, which drives the system to a new structure, even at room temperature. Chemical crosslinking of PVP corona blocks suppresses chain exchange between the BCP NPs and freezes the nanostructures at a copolymer crosslinking density (CLD) of ∼9%. This investigation of chain exchange behaviors in BCP NPs having architectural and compositional complexity and the ability to moderate chain motion through tailoring the CLD is expected to be valuable for understanding the dynamic nature of BCP self-assemblies and diversifying the self-assembled structures adopted by these systems. These efforts may guide the rational construction of novel polymer NPs for potential use, for example, as drug delivery platforms and nanoreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Li
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jesse L. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Jimmy W. Mays
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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27
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Ahn S, Yoon H, Duan C, Li W, Kim JK. Core–Satellite Micelles by a Linear A1B1A2B2 Tetrablock Copolymer. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seonghyeon Ahn
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Smart Block Copolymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongkeon Yoon
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Smart Block Copolymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jin Kon Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Smart Block Copolymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
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28
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Schmalz H, Abetz V. Block Copolymers with Crystallizable Blocks: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040696. [PMID: 35215610 PMCID: PMC8875877 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Block copolymers with crystallizable blocks are a highly interesting class of materials owing to their unique self-assembly behaviour both in bulk and solution. This Special Issue brings together new developments in the synthesis and self-assembly of semicrystalline block copolymers and also addresses potential applications of these exciting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (V.A.)
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29
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Xu W, Wang Y, Guo QY, Wang X, Liu Y, Bian FG, Yan XY, Ni B, Cheng SZD. A robust platform to construct molecular patchy particles with a pentiptycene skeleton toward controlled mesoscale structures. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00130f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new pentiptycene skeleton with orthogonally reactive sites and inherent D2h-symmetry to construct molecular pathy particles toward mesoscale structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yicong Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qing-Yun Guo
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Xiaoteng Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuchu Liu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Feng-Gang Bian
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Bo Ni
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Nanjing Julong Science & Technology Company Limited, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
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30
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Liu P, Wang Z, Hu J, Zhao Y. Topology-directed multi-tunable self-assembly of linear and tadpole-shaped amorphous-responsive-crystalline terpolymers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00137c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rational design of ABC linear terpolymer and (c-AB)C tadpole-shaped terpolymer allows the construction of a topology-directed crystallization/thermo/pH-tunable hierarchical self-assembly platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiaman Hu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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31
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Hu S, Yan J, Yang G, Ma C, Yin J. Self-Assembled Polymeric Materials: Design, Morphology, and Functional-Oriented Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100791. [PMID: 34967061 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This Review focuses on the current research advances of the synthesis of various amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs), such as conventional ABCs and newly-presented polyprodrug amphiphiles (PPAs), and the development of corresponding self-assemblies in selective solvents driven by the intermolecular interactions, like noncovalent hydrophobic interactions, π-π interactions, and hydrogen bonds, between ABCs or preformed small polymeric nanoparticles. The design of these assemblies is systematically introduced, and the diverse examples concerning the unique assembly structures along with the fast development of their exclusive properties and various applications in different fields were discussed. Possible perspectives on the existential challenges and glorious future were elucidated finally. We hope this review will provide a convenient way for readers to motivate more evolutional innovative concepts and methods to design next generation of novel polymeric nanoassemblies, and fill the gap between material design and practical applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoukui Hu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Jinhao Yan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Guangwei Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
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32
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Song S, Zhou H, Manners I, Winnik MA. Block copolymer self-assembly: Polydisperse corona-forming blocks leading to uniform morphologies. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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33
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Wang Z, Ma C, Huang X, Lu G, Feng C. Co‐Self‐Seeding Approach toward Uniform Fiber‐Like Comicelles: Regulating Length and Distribution of Corona‐Forming Chains of Comicelles by Metal Ions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self‐Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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34
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Guerin G, Rupar PA, Winnik MA. In-Depth Analysis of the Effect of Fragmentation on the Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly Growth Kinetics of 1D Micelles Studied by Seed Trapping. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3122. [PMID: 34578023 PMCID: PMC8472273 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying the growth of 1D structures formed by the self-assembly of crystalline-coil block copolymers in solution at elevated temperatures is a challenging task. Like most 1D fibril structures, they fragment and dissolve when the solution is heated, creating a mixture of surviving crystallites and free polymer chains. However, unlike protein fibrils, no new nuclei are formed upon cooling and only the surviving crystallites regrow. Here, we report how trapping these crystallites at elevated temperatures allowed us to study their growth kinetics at different annealing times and for different amounts of unimer added. We developed a model describing the growth kinetics of these crystallites that accounts for fragmentation accompanying the 1D growth process. We show that the growth kinetics follow a stretched exponential law that may be due to polymer fractionation. In addition, by evaluating the micelle growth rate as a function of the concentration of unimer present in solution, we could conclude that the micelle growth occurred in the mononucleation regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Guerin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA;
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
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35
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A dissipative pathway for the structural evolution of DNA fibres. Nat Chem 2021; 13:843-849. [PMID: 34373598 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00751-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical networks interconnect, grow and evolve to express new properties as different chemical pathways are selected during a continuous cycle of energy consumption and transformation. In contrast, synthetic systems that push away from equilibrium usually return to the same self-assembled state, often generating waste that limits system recyclability and prevents the formation of adaptable networks. Here we show that annealing by slow proton dissipation selects for otherwise inaccessible morphologies of fibres built from DNA and cyanuric acid. Using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy, we observe that proton dissipation influences the growth mechanism of supramolecular polymerization, healing gaps within fibres and converting highly branched, interwoven networks into nanocable superstructures. Just as the growth kinetics of natural fibres determine their structural attributes to modulate function, our system of photoacid-enabled depolymerization and repolymerization selects for healed materials to yield organized, robust fibres. Our method provides a chemical route for error-checking, distinct from thermal annealing, that improves the morphologies and properties of supramolecular materials using out-of-equilibrium systems.
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36
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Xu B, Qian H, Zhang L, Lin S. Branched Aggregates with Tunable Morphology via Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Azobenzene‐Derived Molecular Double Brushes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Hongyu Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shaoliang Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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37
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A case study of monomer design for controlled/living supramolecular polymerization. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Wang Z, Ma C, Huang X, Lu G, Winnik MA, Feng C. Self-Seeding of Oligo( p-phenylenevinylene)- b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) Micelles: Effect of Metal Ions. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
| | - Chun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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39
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Lv C, Gao J, An K, Nie J, Xu J, Du B. Self-assembly of the Thermosensitive and pH-Sensitive Pentablock Copolymer PNIPAM x- b-P( tBA- co-AA) 90- b-PPO 36- b-P( tBA- co-AA) 90- b-PNIPAM x in Dilute Aqueous Solutions. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jia Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kun An
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jingjing Nie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Binyang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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40
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Xu B, Qian H, Zhang L, Lin S. Branched Aggregates with Tunable Morphology via Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Azobenzene-Derived Molecular Double Brushes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17707-17713. [PMID: 34075671 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hierarchical self-assembly is one of the most effective approaches to fabricate nature-inspired materials with subtle nanostructures. We report a distinct hierarchical self-assembly process of molecular double brushes (MDBs) with each graft site carrying a poly(azobenzene-acrylate) (PAzo) chain and a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) chain. Asymmetric tapered worm (ATW) nanostructures with chain-end reactivity assembling from the azobenzene-derived MDBs serve as primary subunits to prepare branched supermicelles by increasing water content (Cw ) in THF/water. Various natural Antedon-shaped multiarm worm-like aggregates (MWAs) can be created via the particle-particle connection of ATWs. Intriguingly, the azobenzene moieties undergo trans-cis isomerization upon UV irradiation and further promote a morphology evolution of MWAs. Multiscale supermicelles comprised of starfish shapes with differing central body and arm morphologies (e.g., compare to the biological specimens Luidia ciliaris and Crossaster papposus) were prepared by manipulating irradiation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hongyu Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shaoliang Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
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41
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Vázquez‐González V, Mayoral MJ, Aparicio F, Martínez‐Arjona P, González‐Rodríguez D. The Role of Peripheral Amide Groups as Hydrogen-Bonding Directors in the Tubular Self-Assembly of Dinucleobase Monomers. Chempluschem 2021; 86:1087-1096. [PMID: 34185949 PMCID: PMC8457134 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanotubes are a fascinating kind of self-assembled structure which have a wide interest and potential in supramolecular chemistry. We demonstrated that nanotubes of defined dimensions can be produced from dinucleobase monomers through two decoupled hierarchical cooperative processes: cyclotetramerization and supramolecular polymerization. Here we analyze the role of peripheral amide groups, which can form an array of hydrogen bonds along the tube axis, on this self-assembly process. A combination of 1 H NMR and CD spectroscopy techniques allowed us to analyze quantitatively the thermodynamics of each of these two processes separately. We found out that the presence of these amide directors is essential to guide the polymerization event and that their nature and number have a strong influence, not only on the stabilization of the stacks of macrocycles, but also on the supramolecular polymerization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Vázquez‐González
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials GroupOrganic Chemistry DepartmentScience FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - María J. Mayoral
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials GroupOrganic Chemistry DepartmentScience FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
- Inorganic Chemistry DepartmentChemistry FacultyUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040MadridSpain
| | - Fátima Aparicio
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials GroupOrganic Chemistry DepartmentScience FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Paula Martínez‐Arjona
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials GroupOrganic Chemistry DepartmentScience FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - David González‐Rodríguez
- Nanostructured Molecular Systems and Materials GroupOrganic Chemistry DepartmentScience FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
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42
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Matoba S, Kanzaki C, Yamashita K, Kusukawa T, Fukuhara G, Okada T, Narushima T, Okamoto H, Numata M. Directional Supramolecular Polymerization in a Dynamic Microsolution: A Linearly Moving Polymer's End Striking Monomers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8731-8746. [PMID: 34060820 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although directional chain reactions are common in nature's self-assembly processes and in covalent polymerizations, it has been challenging to perform such processes in artificial one-dimensional self-assembling systems. In this paper, we describe a system, employing perylene bisimide (PBI) derivatives as monomers, for selectively activating one end of a supramolecular polymer during its growth and, thereby, realizing directional supramolecular polymerization. Upon introduction of a solution containing only a single PBI monomer into the microflow channel, nucleation was induced spontaneously. The dependency of the aggregation efficiency on the flow rate suggested that the shear force facilitated collisions among the monomers to overcome the activation energy required for nucleation. Next, by introducing a solution containing both monomer and polymer, we investigated how the shear force influenced the monomer-polymer interactions. In situ fluorescence spectra and linear dichroism revealed that growth of the polymers was accelerated only when they were oriented under the influence of shear stress. Upon linear motion of the oriented polymer, polymer growth at that single end became predominant relative to the nucleation of freely diffusing monomers. When applying this strategy to a two-monomer system, the second (less active) monomer reacted selectively at the forward-facing terminus of the first polymer, leading to the creation of a diblock copolymer through formation of a molecular heterojunction. This strategy-friction-induced activation of a single end of a polymer-should be applicable more generally to directional supramolecular block copolymerizations of various functional molecules, allowing molecular heterojunctions to be made at desired positions in a polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Matoba
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Chisako Kanzaki
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Kae Yamashita
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusukawa
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Narushima
- Institute for Molecular Science and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hiromi Okamoto
- Institute for Molecular Science and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Munenori Numata
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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43
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Solubilization of Congo red into non-ionic bolaform sugar based surfactant: A multi spectroscopic approach. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Hils C, Manners I, Schöbel J, Schmalz H. Patchy Micelles with a Crystalline Core: Self-Assembly Concepts, Properties, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1481. [PMID: 34064413 PMCID: PMC8125556 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of block copolymers bearing one crystallizable block has emerged to be a powerful and highly relevant method for the production of one- and two-dimensional micellar assemblies with controlled length, shape, and corona chemistries. This gives access to a multitude of potential applications, from hierarchical self-assembly to complex superstructures, catalysis, sensing, nanomedicine, nanoelectronics, and surface functionalization. Related to these applications, patchy crystalline-core micelles, with their unique, nanometer-sized, alternating corona segmentation, are highly interesting, as this feature provides striking advantages concerning interfacial activity, functionalization, and confinement effects. Hence, this review aims to provide an overview of the current state of the art with respect to self-assembly concepts, properties, and applications of patchy micelles with crystalline cores formed by CDSA. We have also included a more general discussion on the CDSA process and highlight block-type co-micelles as a special type of patchy micelle, due to similarities of the corona structure if the size of the blocks is well below 100 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hils
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;
| | - Judith Schöbel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany;
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Song S, Zhou H, Ye S, Tam J, Howe JY, Manners I, Winnik MA. Spherulite‐Like Micelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Song
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Shuyang Ye
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Jason Tam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
| | - Jane Y. Howe
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto 200 College St Toronto Ontario M5S 3E5 Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Road Victoria British Columbia V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto 200 College St Toronto Ontario M5S 3E5 Canada
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Song S, Zhou H, Ye S, Tam J, Howe JY, Manners I, Winnik MA. Spherulite-Like Micelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10950-10956. [PMID: 33626229 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) and 2D structures by crystallization-driven self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) can form fascinating hierarchical structures through secondary self-assembly. But examples of 3D structures formed via hierarchical self-assembly are rare. Here we report seeded growth experiments in decane of a poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) BCP with an amphiphilic corona forming block in which lenticular platelets grow into classic spherulite-like uniform colloidally stable structures. These 3D objects are spherically symmetric on the exterior, but asymmetric near the core, where there is a more open structure consisting of sheaf-like leaves. The most remarkable aspect of these experiments is that growth stops at different stages of growth process, depending upon how much unimer is added in the seeded growth step. The system provides a model for studying spherulitic growth where real-time observations on their growth at different stages remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Shuyang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jason Tam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Jane Y Howe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
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Wu W, Gu Y, Li W, Ding Q, Guan Y, Liu W, Wu Q, Zhu W. Understanding the Synergistic Correlation between the Spatial Distribution of Drug-Loaded Mixed Micellar Systems and In Vitro Behavior via Experimental and Computational Approaches. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1643-1655. [PMID: 33759538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To better promote the application of polymeric mixed micelles (PMMs), a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation (CGMD) has been employed to investigate the factors controlling the spatial distribution within the PMMs and predict their drug-loading properties, meanwhile, combined with experimental methods to validate and examine it. In this study, the snapshots obtained from CGMD and the results of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provide new insights into the distribution principle that the spatial distribution depends on the hydrophobic compatibility of drugs with the regions within PMMs. Docetaxel (DTX) is located within the interior or near the core-corona interface of the HS15 hydrophobic core inside FS/PMMs (PMMs fabricated from a nonionic triblock copolymer (F127)) and a nonionic surfactant (HS15), and therefore, the system with a high HS15 ratio, such as system I, is more suitable for loading DTX. In contrast, the more water-soluble puerarin (PUE) is more likely to be solubilized in the "secondary hydrophobic area," mainly formed by the hydrophobic part of F127 within FS/PMMs. However, when the initial feeding concentration of the drug is increased or the FS mixing ratios are changed, an inappropriate distribution would occur and hence influence the drug-loading stability. Also, this impact was further elucidated by the calculated parameters (solvent-accessible surface area (SASA), the radius of gyration (Rg), and energy landscape), and the analysis of the drug leakage, concluding that inappropriate distribution of the drug would lower the stability of the drug in the PMMs. These results combined together provide new insights into the distribution principle that the spatial distribution of drugs within PMMs depends on the hydrophobic compatibility of drugs with the regions formed by micellar materials. Additionally, in vitro drug release yielded a consistent picture with the above conclusions and provides evidence that both the location of the drug within the systems and the stability of the drug-loading system have a great influence on the drug release behavior. Accordingly, this work demonstrates that we can tune the drug-loading stability and drug release behavior via the drug-PMM interaction and drug location study, and CGMD technology would be a step forward in the search for suitable drug-delivery PMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Patent Examination Cooperation Jiangsu Center of The Patent Office. Sipo, Suzhou 215010, China
| | - Wendong Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Quan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yongmei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qiongzhu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
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Tong Z, Su Y, Jiang Y, Xie Y, Chen S, O’Reilly RK. Spatially Restricted Templated Growth of Poly(ε-caprolactone) from Carbon Nanotubes by Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zaizai Tong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yawei Su
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yikun Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Shichang Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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MacFarlane L, Zhao C, Cai J, Qiu H, Manners I. Emerging applications for living crystallization-driven self-assembly. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4661-4682. [PMID: 34163727 PMCID: PMC8179577 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06878k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of crystallization as a tool to control the self-assembly of polymeric and molecular amphiphiles in solution is attracting growing attention for the creation of non-spherical nanoparticles and more complex, hierarchical assemblies. In particular, the seeded growth method termed living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) has been established as an ambient temperature and potentially scalable platform for the preparation of low dispersity samples of core-shell fiber-like or platelet micellar nanoparticles. Significantly, this method permits predictable control of size, and access to branched and segmented structures where functionality is spatially-defined. Living CDSA operates under kinetic control and shows many analogies with living chain-growth polymerizations of molecular organic monomers that afford well-defined covalent polymers of controlled length except that it covers a much longer length scale (ca. 20 nm to 10 μm). The method has been applied to a rapidly expanding range of crystallizable polymeric amphiphiles, which includes block copolymers and charge-capped homopolymers, to form assemblies with crystalline cores and solvated coronas. Living CDSA seeded growth methods have also been transposed to a wide variety of π-stacking and hydrogen-bonding molecular species that form supramolecular polymers in processes termed "living supramolecular polymerizations". In this article we outline the main features of the living CDSA method and then survey the promising emerging applications for the resulting nanoparticles in fields such as nanomedicine, colloid stabilization, catalysis, optoelectronics, information storage, and surface functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Chuanqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Jiandong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
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50
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Sun H, Du J. Intramolecular Cyclization-Induced Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of an Amorphous Poly(amic acid). Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
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