1
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Robinson DF, Wright E. Access and benefit-sharing: what indicators to measure 'success'? Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:795-798. [PMID: 37331911 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
We examine challenges with measuring 'success' in access and benefit-sharing (ABS) of biological resources. We note a lack of indicators and draw on Pacific patent landscaping, ABS case studies, and research permit figures to highlight that ABS systems are functioning somewhat, although they are often not meeting expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Robinson
- Environment and Society Group, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Evana Wright
- Faculty of Law, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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2
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Multilateral benefit-sharing from digital sequence information will support both science and biodiversity conservation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1086. [PMID: 35197464 PMCID: PMC8866420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Open access to sequence data is a cornerstone of biology and biodiversity research, but has created tension under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Policy decisions could compromise research and development, unless a practical multilateral solution is implemented. Ensuring international benefit-sharing from sequence data without jeopardising open sharing is a major obstacle for the Convention on Biological Diversity and other UN negotiations. Here, the authors propose a solution to address the concerns of both developing countries and life scientists.
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3
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Scholz AH, Lange M, Habekost P, Oldham P, Cancio I, Cochrane G, Freitag J. Myth-busting the provider-user relationship for digital sequence information. Gigascience 2021; 10:giab085. [PMID: 34966927 PMCID: PMC8716360 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) formally recognized the sovereign rights of nations over their biological diversity. Implicit within the treaty is the idea that mega-biodiverse countries will provide genetic resources and grant access to them and scientists in high-income countries will use these resources and share back benefits. However, little research has been conducted on how this framework is reflected in real-life scientific practice. RESULT Currently, parties to the CBD are debating whether digital sequence information (DSI) should be regulated under a new benefit-sharing framework. At this critical time point in the upcoming international negotiations, we test the fundamental hypothesis of provision and use of DSI by looking at the global patterns of access and use in scientific publications. CONCLUSION Our data reject the provider-user relationship and suggest a far more complex information flow for DSI. Therefore, any new policy decisions on DSI should be aware of the high level of use of DSI across low- and middle-income countries and seek to preserve open access to this crucial common good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hartman Scholz
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Department of Microbial Ecology and Diversity, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthias Lange
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Department of Breeding Research, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Pia Habekost
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Department of Breeding Research, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
| | - Paul Oldham
- Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, Manchester University, Manchester, M15 6PB, UK
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology of Plentzia (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EMBRC-Spain, E-48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Guy Cochrane
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jens Freitag
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Department of Breeding Research, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
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Legacy genetics of Arachis cardenasii in the peanut crop shows the profound benefits of international seed exchange. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2104899118. [PMID: 34518223 PMCID: PMC8463892 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104899118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A great challenge for humanity is feeding its growing population while minimizing ecosystem damage and climate change. Here, we uncover the global benefits arising from the introduction of one wild species accession to peanut-breeding programs decades ago. This work emphasizes the importance of biodiversity to crop improvement: peanut cultivars with genetics from this wild accession provided improved food security and reduced use of fungicide sprays. However, this study also highlights the perilous consequences of changes in legal frameworks and attitudes concerning biodiversity. These changes have greatly reduced the botanical collections, seed exchanges, and international collaborations which are essential for the continued diversification of crop genetics and, consequently, the long-term resilience of crops against evolving pests and pathogens and changing climate. The narrow genetics of most crops is a fundamental vulnerability to food security. This makes wild crop relatives a strategic resource of genetic diversity that can be used for crop improvement and adaptation to new agricultural challenges. Here, we uncover the contribution of one wild species accession, Arachis cardenasii GKP 10017, to the peanut crop (Arachis hypogaea) that was initiated by complex hybridizations in the 1960s and propagated by international seed exchange. However, until this study, the global scale of the dispersal of genetic contributions from this wild accession had been obscured by the multiple germplasm transfers, breeding cycles, and unrecorded genetic mixing between lineages that had occurred over the years. By genetic analysis and pedigree research, we identified A. cardenasii–enhanced, disease-resistant cultivars in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas. These cultivars provide widespread improved food security and environmental and economic benefits. This study emphasizes the importance of wild species and collaborative networks of international expertise for crop improvement. However, it also highlights the consequences of the implementation of a patchwork of restrictive national laws and sea changes in attitudes regarding germplasm that followed in the wake of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Today, the botanical collections and multiple seed exchanges which enable benefits such as those revealed by this study are drastically reduced. The research reported here underscores the vital importance of ready access to germplasm in ensuring long-term world food security.
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Guerra CA, Heintz-Buschart A, Sikorski J, Chatzinotas A, Guerrero-Ramírez N, Cesarz S, Beaumelle L, Rillig MC, Maestre FT, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Buscot F, Overmann J, Patoine G, Phillips HRP, Winter M, Wubet T, Küsel K, Bardgett RD, Cameron EK, Cowan D, Grebenc T, Marín C, Orgiazzi A, Singh BK, Wall DH, Eisenhauer N. Blind spots in global soil biodiversity and ecosystem function research. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3870. [PMID: 32747621 PMCID: PMC7400591 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Soils harbor a substantial fraction of the world's biodiversity, contributing to many crucial ecosystem functions. It is thus essential to identify general macroecological patterns related to the distribution and functioning of soil organisms to support their conservation and consideration by governance. These macroecological analyses need to represent the diversity of environmental conditions that can be found worldwide. Here we identify and characterize existing environmental gaps in soil taxa and ecosystem functioning data across soil macroecological studies and 17,186 sampling sites across the globe. These data gaps include important spatial, environmental, taxonomic, and functional gaps, and an almost complete absence of temporally explicit data. We also identify the limitations of soil macroecological studies to explore general patterns in soil biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, with only 0.3% of all sampling sites having both information about biodiversity and function, although with different taxonomic groups and functions at each site. Based on this information, we provide clear priorities to support and expand soil macroecological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Guerra
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. .,Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle(Saale), Germany.
| | - Anna Heintz-Buschart
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Soil Ecology, 06108, Halle(Saale), Germany
| | - Johannes Sikorski
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Antonis Chatzinotas
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nathaly Guerrero-Ramírez
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Léa Beaumelle
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fernando T Maestre
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles, 28933, Spain.,Departamento de Ecología and Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles, 28933, Spain
| | - François Buscot
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Soil Ecology, 06108, Halle(Saale), Germany
| | - Jörg Overmann
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany.,Microbiology, Braunschweig University of Technology, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guillaume Patoine
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helen R P Phillips
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Straße 159, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Richard D Bardgett
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Erin K Cameron
- Department of Environmental Science, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Don Cowan
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tine Grebenc
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - César Marín
- Instituto de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Brajesh K Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Diana H Wall
- School of Global Environmental Sustainability and Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1036, USA
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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6
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Laird S, Wynberg R, Rourke M, Humphries F, Muller MR, Lawson C. Rethink the expansion of access and benefit sharing. Science 2020; 367:1200-1202. [PMID: 32165574 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba9609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Laird
- People and Plants International, Bristol, VT, USA.
| | - Rachel Wynberg
- Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Michelle Rourke
- CSIRO, Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Law Futures Centre, Griffith Law School, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Fran Humphries
- Law Futures Centre, Griffith Law School, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | | | - Charles Lawson
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith Law School, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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7
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Capparelli MV, Moulatlet GM, Abessa DMDS, Lucas-Solis O, Rosero B, Galarza E, Tuba D, Carpintero N, Ochoa-Herrera V, Cipriani-Avila I. An integrative approach to identify the impacts of multiple metal contamination sources on the Eastern Andean foothills of the Ecuadorian Amazonia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136088. [PMID: 31887530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, several concerns have been raised over metal contamination in the upper Amazon basin. Rivers that flow from the high Andes to the lowland Amazon are threatened by anthropogenic activities, which may, in turn, lead to increased metal concentrations in both water and sediments. In the present study, the impacts of multiple metal contamination sources in these ecosystems were identified. The degree of metal contamination was assessed in water and sediment and seed phytotoxicity analyses were carried out in samples taken from 14 sites located in upper Napo River tributaries, combining geochemical and ecotoxicological techniques. These tributaries were chosen based on their degree of anthropogenic contamination and proximity to known sources of relevant pollution, such as small-scale gold mining (MI), urban pollution (UP), fish farming (FF) and non-functional municipal landfill areas (LF). Our results suggest that anthropogenic activities are introducing metals to the aquatic ecosystem, as some metals were up to 500 times above the maximum permissible limits for the preservation of aquatic life established by Ecuadorian and North American guidelines. Sites located close to small-scale gold mining and sanitary landfills presented 100 to 1000 times higher concentrations than sites classified as "few threats". In water, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Hg were mostly above the maximum permissible limits in the samples, while Cd in sediment reached concentrations 5-fold above the probable effect level (PEL). Phytotoxicity was associated through the diffuse contamination present in urban and landfill areas. Overall, metal concentrations and phytotoxicity assessments suggest anthropogenic effects to environmental contamination, even though natural sources cannot be disregarded. Anthropogenic effects in the eastern Andean Rivers need to be constantly monitored in order to build a complete picture on how pollution sources may affect this strategic Amazon basin area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Vellosa Capparelli
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador.
| | - Gabriel Massaine Moulatlet
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | | | - Oscar Lucas-Solis
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Bryan Rosero
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Emily Galarza
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Damian Tuba
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Natalia Carpintero
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Instituto Biósfera, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 17-1200-841 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Valeria Ochoa-Herrera
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Instituto Biósfera, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 17-1200-841 Quito, Ecuador; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 2759, USA
| | - Isabel Cipriani-Avila
- Escuela de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076, 170143 Quito, Ecuador
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8
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Daga VS, Azevedo-Santos VM, Pelicice FM, Fearnside PM, Perbiche-Neves G, Paschoal LRP, Cavallari DC, Erickson J, Ruocco AMC, Oliveira I, Padial AA, Vitule JRS. Water diversion in Brazil threatens biodiversity. AMBIO 2020; 49:165-172. [PMID: 31030418 PMCID: PMC6888777 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-019-01189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Construction of water diversions is a common response to the increasing demands for freshwater, often resulting in benefits to communities but with the risk of multiple environmental, economic, and social impacts. Water-diversion projects can favor massive introductions and accelerate biotic homogenization. This study provides empirical evidence on the consequences of a proposed law intended to divert water from two large and historically isolated river basins in Brazil: Tocantins to São Francisco. Compositional similarity (CS) and β-diversity were quantified encompassing aquatic organisms: mollusks, zooplankton, crustaceans, insects, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and plants. For CS we (i) considered only native species, and (ii) simulated the introduction of non-natives and assumed the extinction of threatened species due to this water-diversion project. We highlight the environmental risks of such large-scale projects, which are expected to cause impacts on biodiversity linked to bioinvasion and homogenization, and we recommend alternatives in order to solve water-demand conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa S. Daga
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação (LEC), Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Setor de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-970 Brazil
| | - Valter M. Azevedo-Santos
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970 Brazil
| | - Fernando M. Pelicice
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Tocantins, Porto Nacional, Tocantins 77500-000 Brazil
| | - Philip M. Fearnside
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas 69067-375 Brazil
| | - Gilmar Perbiche-Neves
- Departamento de Hidrobiologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Lucas R. P. Paschoal
- Laboratório de Hidrobiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Passos, Minas Gerais 37900-106 Brazil
| | - Daniel C. Cavallari
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901 Brazil
| | - José Erickson
- Laboratório de Genética e Evolução Molecular, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo 29075-910 Brazil
| | - Ana M. C. Ruocco
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970 Brazil
| | - Igor Oliveira
- Laboratório de Etnociências, Centro de Educação e Letras, Universidade Federal do Acre, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre 69980-000 Brazil
| | - André A. Padial
- Laboratório de Análise e Síntese em Biodiversidade, Departamento de Botânica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-970 Brazil
| | - Jean R. S. Vitule
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação (LEC), Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Setor de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-970 Brazil
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9
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Hofstetter V, Buyck B, Eyssartier G, Schnee S, Gindro K. The unbearable lightness of sequenced-based identification. FUNGAL DIVERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-019-00428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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10
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Peçanha WT, Quintela FM, Jorge Ribas LE, Althoff SL, Maestri R, Gonçalves GL, De Freitas TRO. A new species of Oxymycterus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) from a transitional area of Cerrado – Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Willian Thomaz Peçanha
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
| | - Fernando Marques Quintela
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais. Av. Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Jorge Ribas
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Althoff
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP Blumenau, SC 89012–900, Brazil
| | - Renan Maestri
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
| | - Gislene Lopes Gonçalves
- Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Thales R O De Freitas
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
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11
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Yurkov A, Püschner HM, Hartman Scholz A. DSMZ: the European Union’s first Registered Collection under the Nagoya Protocol. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/ma19030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol have created new challenges for international microbiological research. With the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol in 2014, the European Union created a new voluntary legal mechanism, the Register of Collections, to help users of collections, including culture collections, have an easier path to Nagoya Protocol compliance by using a so-called ‘registered collection'. The Leibniz Institute DSMZ is the first, and so far only, collection to successfully be entered into the Register. The challenges and lessons learned during this process can be informative for culture collections and users of microbial resources beyond the EU and indeed around the world.
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12
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Menezes FDA, Abegg AD, da Silva BR, Franco FL, Feio RN. Composition and natural history of the snakes from the Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio, southern Minas Gerais, Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil. Zookeys 2018; 797:117-160. [PMID: 30505164 PMCID: PMC6255884 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.797.24549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Serra da Mantiqueira is one of the least inventoried physiographic areas of southeastern Brazil. There is great potential for detection of endemic species for which little or nothing is known about basic aspects of natural history. The Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio (PESP) within the Serra da Mantiqueira is an area of extreme biological importance because it houses mixed formations of grasslands, ombrophilous forests, and enclaves of Araucaria forests (mixed ombrophilous forest). Currently, the mixed ombrophilous forest covers less than 5% of its original range and areas occupied by this forest type, and associated ecosystems constitute refuges, housing several endemic, high altitude species. Between September 2015 and April 2016, field samplings were performed in the PESP using four distinct methods. The objective was to determine the composition and natural history of snakes from an isolated, high altitude area of the Serra da Mantiqueira. In PESP and surrounding areas, 80 individuals representing 24 species, 19 genera, and three families were recorded. Data are presented on abundance, habitat, daily activity, diet, reproduction, and defense. Comparison of the PESP snake assemblage with 30 other Atlantic Forest areas in southeastern Brazil indicate the Serra da Mantiqueira presents particular characteristics regarding snake composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico de Alcântara Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Avenida P.H. Rolfs, S/N, Campus Universitário, CEP 36571-000, Viçosa, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de ViçosaSão PauloBrazil
| | - Arthur Diesel Abegg
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1.500, Butantã, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, BrazilInstituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções ZoológicasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Bruno Rocha da Silva
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1.500, Butantã, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, BrazilInstituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções ZoológicasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Francisco Luís Franco
- Instituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1.500, Butantã, CEP 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, BrazilInstituto Butantan, Laboratório Especial de Coleções ZoológicasSão PauloBrazil
| | - Renato Neves Feio
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Avenida P.H. Rolfs, S/N, Campus Universitário, CEP 36571-000, Viçosa, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de ViçosaSão PauloBrazil
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Prathapan KD, Pethiyagoda R, Bawa KS, Raven PH, Rajan PD. When the cure kills—CBD limits biodiversity research. Science 2018; 360:1405-1406. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aat9844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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