1
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Chachlaki K. A role for nNOS in mediating stress and female sexual behavior in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3609. [PMID: 38688905 PMCID: PMC11061159 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlaki
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, UMR-S 1172, F-59000, Lille, France.
- FHU 1,000 days for Health, School of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France.
- University Research Institute of Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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2
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Bentefour Y, Bakker J. Stress during pubertal development affects female sociosexual behavior in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3610. [PMID: 38688927 PMCID: PMC11061123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Puberty is a crucial phase for the development of female sexual behavior. Growing evidence suggests that stress during this period may interfere with the development of sexual behavior. However, the neural circuits involved in this alteration remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated in mice that pubertal stress permanently disrupted sexual performance without affecting sexual preference. This was associated with a reduced expression and activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl). Fiber photometry revealed that VMHvl nNOS neurons are strongly responsive to male olfactory cues with this activation being substantially reduced in pubertally stressed females. Finally, treatment with a NO donor partially restored sexual performance in pubertally stressed females. This study provides insights into the involvement of VMHvl nNOS in the processing of olfactory cues important for the expression of female sexual behavior. In addition, exposure to stress during puberty disrupts the integration of male olfactory cues leading to reduced sexual behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Bentefour
- GIGA Neurosciences-Neuroendocrinology Lab - University of Liège, Liège, 4000, Belgium.
| | - Julie Bakker
- GIGA Neurosciences-Neuroendocrinology Lab - University of Liège, Liège, 4000, Belgium.
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3
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Chachlaki K, Le Duc K, Storme L, Prevot V. Novel insights into minipuberty and GnRH: Implications on neurodevelopment, cognition, and COVID-19 therapeutics. J Neuroendocrinol 2024:e13387. [PMID: 38565500 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In humans, the first 1000 days of life are pivotal for brain and organism development. Shortly after birth, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus are activated, a phenomenon known as minipuberty. This phenomenon, observed in all mammals studied, influences the postnatal development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and reproductive function. This review will put into perspective the results of recent studies showing that the impact of minipuberty extends beyond reproductive function, influencing sensory and cognitive maturation. Studies in mice have revealed the role of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating minipuberty amplitude, with NO deficiency linked to cognitive and olfactory deficits. Additionally, findings indicate that cognitive and sensory defects in adulthood in a mouse model of Down syndrome are associated with an age-dependent decline of GnRH production, whose origin can be traced back to minipuberty, and point to the potential therapeutic role of pulsatile GnRH administration in cognitive disorders. Furthermore, this review delves into the repercussions of COVID-19 on GnRH production, emphasizing potential consequences for neurodevelopment and cognitive function in infected individuals. Notably, GnRH neurons appear susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, raising concerns about potential long-term effects on brain development and function. In conclusion, the intricate interplay between GnRH neurons, GnRH release, and the activity of various extrahypothalamic brain circuits reveals an unexpected role for these neuroendocrine neurons in the development and maintenance of sensory and cognitive functions, supplementing their established function in reproduction. Therapeutic interventions targeting the HPG axis, such as inhaled NO therapy in infancy and pulsatile GnRH administration in adults, emerge as promising approaches for addressing neurodevelopmental cognitive disorders and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlaki
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR_S1172, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Hospital-University Federation (FHU) 1000 First Days of Life, Lille, France
| | - Kevin Le Duc
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Hospital-University Federation (FHU) 1000 First Days of Life, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Neonatology Department, Jeanne de Flandres Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Storme
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Hospital-University Federation (FHU) 1000 First Days of Life, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Neonatology Department, Jeanne de Flandres Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR_S1172, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Hospital-University Federation (FHU) 1000 First Days of Life, Lille, France
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4
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Rasika S, Nogueiras R, Schwaninger M, Prevot V. Seeing through the fog: a neuroendocrine explanation for post-COVID cognitive deficits. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:189-190. [PMID: 38287186 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- S Rasika
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, FHU 1000 days for health Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- CIMUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Vincent Prevot
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, FHU 1000 days for health Lille, Lille, France.
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5
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Amato E, Taroc EZM, Forni PE. Illuminating the terminal nerve: Uncovering the link between GnRH-1 neuron and olfactory development. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25599. [PMID: 38488687 PMCID: PMC10958589 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
During embryonic development, the olfactory placode (OP) generates migratory neurons, including olfactory pioneer neurons, cells of the terminal nerve (TN), gonadotropin-releasing hormone-1 (GnRH-1) neurons, and other uncharacterized neurons. Pioneer neurons from the OP induce olfactory bulb (OB) morphogenesis. In mice, GnRH-1 neurons appear in the olfactory system around mid-gestation and migrate via the TN axons to different brain regions. The GnRH-1 neurons are crucial in controlling the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Kallmann syndrome is characterized by impaired olfactory system development, defective OBs, secretion of GnRH-1, and infertility. The precise mechanistic link between the olfactory system and GnRH-1 development remains unclear. Studies in humans and mice highlight the importance of the prokineticin-2/prokineticin-receptor-2 (Prokr2) signaling pathway in OB morphogenesis and GnRH-1 neuronal migration. Prokr2 loss-of-function mutations can cause Kallmann syndrome (KS), and hence the Prokr2 signaling pathway represents a unique model to decipher the olfactory/GnRH-1 connection. We discovered that Prokr2 is expressed in the TN neurons during the critical period of GnRH-1 neuron formation, migration, and induction of OB morphogenesis. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified that the TN is formed by neurons distinct from the olfactory neurons. The TN neurons express multiple genes associated with KS. Our study suggests that the aberrant development of pioneer/TN neurons might cause the KS spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Amato
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Neuroscience Research, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Ed Zandro M. Taroc
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Neuroscience Research, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Paolo E. Forni
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for Neuroscience Research, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
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6
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Anderson GM, Hill JW, Kaiser UB, Navarro VM, Ong KK, Perry JRB, Prevot V, Tena-Sempere M, Elias CF. Metabolic control of puberty: 60 years in the footsteps of Kennedy and Mitra's seminal work. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:111-123. [PMID: 38049643 PMCID: PMC10843588 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
An individual's nutritional status has a powerful effect on sexual maturation. Puberty onset is delayed in response to chronic energy insufficiency and is advanced under energy abundance. The consequences of altered pubertal timing for human health are profound. Late puberty increases the chances of cardiometabolic, musculoskeletal and neurocognitive disorders, whereas early puberty is associated with increased risks of adult obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and various cancers, such as breast, endometrial and prostate cancer. Kennedy and Mitra's trailblazing studies, published in 1963 and using experimental models, were the first to demonstrate that nutrition is a key factor in puberty onset. Building on this work, the field has advanced substantially in the past decade, which is largely due to the impressive development of molecular tools for experimentation and population genetics. In this Review, we discuss the latest advances in basic and translational sciences underlying the nutritional and metabolic control of pubertal development, with a focus on perspectives and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg M Anderson
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer W Hill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Ursula B Kaiser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor M Navarro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ken K Ong
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent Prevot
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Carol F Elias
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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7
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Prévot V, Tena-Sempere M, Pitteloud N. New Horizons: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Cognition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2747-2758. [PMID: 37261390 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is essential for activating and maintaining the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which controls the onset of puberty and fertility. Two recent studies suggest that, in addition to controlling reproduction, the neurons in the brain that produce GnRH are also involved in the control of postnatal brain maturation, odor discrimination, and adult cognition. This review will summarize the development and establishment of the GnRH system, with particular attention to the importance of its first postnatal activation, a phenomenon known as minipuberty, for later reproductive and nonreproductive functions. In addition, we will discuss the beneficial effects of restoring physiological (ie, pulsatile) GnRH levels on olfactory and cognitive alterations in preclinical Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease models, as well as the potential risks associated with long-term continuous (ie, nonphysiological) GnRH administration in certain disorders. Finally, this review addresses the intriguing possibility that pulsatile GnRH therapy may hold therapeutic potential for the management of some neurodevelopmental cognitive disorders and pathological aging in elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Prévot
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR S1172, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Nelly Pitteloud
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Université of Lausanne, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
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8
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Chachlaki K, Le Duc K, Storme L, Prévot V. [Minipuberty: A critical period for brain functional development]. Med Sci (Paris) 2023; 39:697-700. [PMID: 37943124 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Chachlaki
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, laboratoire du développement et de la plasticité du cerveau neuroendocrine, Lille Neuroscience et cognition, UMR_S1172, Lille, France - Fédérations hospitalo-universitaires (FHU) « 1 000 Premiers jours de vie », Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Kevin Le Duc
- Fédérations hospitalo-universitaires (FHU) « 1 000 Premiers jours de vie », Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU de Lille, Lille, France - Département de néonatalogie, hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Storme
- Fédérations hospitalo-universitaires (FHU) « 1 000 Premiers jours de vie », Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU de Lille, Lille, France - Département de néonatalogie, hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Prévot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, laboratoire du développement et de la plasticité du cerveau neuroendocrine, Lille Neuroscience et cognition, UMR_S1172, Lille, France - Fédérations hospitalo-universitaires (FHU) « 1 000 Premiers jours de vie », Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
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9
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Sauve F, Nampoothiri S, Clarke SA, Fernandois D, Ferreira Coêlho CF, Dewisme J, Mills EG, Ternier G, Cotellessa L, Iglesias-Garcia C, Mueller-Fielitz H, Lebouvier T, Perbet R, Florent V, Baroncini M, Sharif A, Ereño-Orbea J, Mercado-Gómez M, Palazon A, Mattot V, Pasquier F, Catteau-Jonard S, Martinez-Chantar M, Hrabovszky E, Jourdain M, Deplanque D, Morelli A, Guarnieri G, Storme L, Robil C, Trottein F, Nogueiras R, Schwaninger M, Pigny P, Poissy J, Chachlaki K, Maurage CA, Giacobini P, Dhillo W, Rasika S, Prevot V. Long-COVID cognitive impairments and reproductive hormone deficits in men may stem from GnRH neuronal death. EBioMedicine 2023; 96:104784. [PMID: 37713808 PMCID: PMC10507138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have recently demonstrated a causal link between loss of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), the master molecule regulating reproduction, and cognitive deficits during pathological aging, including Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Olfactory and cognitive alterations, which persist in some COVID-19 patients, and long-term hypotestosteronaemia in SARS-CoV-2-infected men are also reminiscent of the consequences of deficient GnRH, suggesting that GnRH system neuroinvasion could underlie certain post-COVID symptoms and thus lead to accelerated or exacerbated cognitive decline. METHODS We explored the hormonal profile of COVID-19 patients and targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection in post-mortem patient brains and human fetal tissue. FINDINGS We found that persistent hypotestosteronaemia in some men could indeed be of hypothalamic origin, favouring post-COVID cognitive or neurological symptoms, and that changes in testosterone levels and body weight over time were inversely correlated. Infection of olfactory sensory neurons and multifunctional hypothalamic glia called tanycytes highlighted at least two viable neuroinvasion routes. Furthermore, GnRH neurons themselves were dying in all patient brains studied, dramatically reducing GnRH expression. Human fetal olfactory and vomeronasal epithelia, from which GnRH neurons arise, and fetal GnRH neurons also appeared susceptible to infection. INTERPRETATION Putative GnRH neuron and tanycyte dysfunction following SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion could be responsible for serious reproductive, metabolic, and mental health consequences in long-COVID and lead to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative pathologies over time in all age groups. FUNDING European Research Council (ERC) grant agreements No 810331, No 725149, No 804236, the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program No 847941, the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM) and the Agence Nationale de la Recherche en Santé (ANRS) No ECTZ200878 Long Covid 2021 ANRS0167 SIGNAL, Agence Nationale de la recherche (ANR) grant agreements No ANR-19-CE16-0021-02, No ANR-11-LABEX-0009, No. ANR-10-LABEX-0046, No. ANR-16-IDEX-0004, Inserm Cross-Cutting Scientific Program HuDeCA, the CHU Lille Bonus H, the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and National Institute of Health and care Research (NIHR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Sauve
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Sreekala Nampoothiri
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Sophie A Clarke
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Fernandois
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | | | - Julie Dewisme
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Department of Pathology, Centre Biologie Pathologie, France
| | - Edouard G Mills
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaetan Ternier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Ludovica Cotellessa
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | | | - Helge Mueller-Fielitz
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thibaud Lebouvier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Department of Neurology, Memory Centre, Reference Centre for Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Lille, France
| | - Romain Perbet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Department of Pathology, Centre Biologie Pathologie, France
| | - Vincent Florent
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Marc Baroncini
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Ariane Sharif
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - June Ereño-Orbea
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTACentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Maria Mercado-Gómez
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTACentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Asis Palazon
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTACentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Virginie Mattot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Department of Neurology, Memory Centre, Reference Centre for Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Catteau-Jonard
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jeanne de Flandres Hospital, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Maria Martinez-Chantar
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTACentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Erik Hrabovszky
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mercé Jourdain
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, U1190, EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Dominique Deplanque
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France; University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Centre d'investigation Clinique (CIC) 1403, F-59000, Lille, France; LICORNE Study Group, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Annamaria Morelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Guarnieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Laurent Storme
- CHU Lille, Department of Neonatology, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, FHU 1000 Days for Health, F-59000, France
| | - Cyril Robil
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - François Trottein
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- CIMUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Pascal Pigny
- CHU Lille, Service de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Lille, France
| | - Julien Poissy
- LICORNE Study Group, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Univ. Lille, Inserm U1285, CHU Lille, Pôle de Réanimation, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Konstantina Chachlaki
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Claude-Alain Maurage
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Department of Pathology, Centre Biologie Pathologie, France; LICORNE Study Group, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Paolo Giacobini
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France
| | - Waljit Dhillo
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Rasika
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France.
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DistAlz, Lille, France.
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Prévot V, Duittoz A. A role for GnRH in olfaction and cognition: Implications for veterinary medicine. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58 Suppl 2:109-124. [PMID: 37329313 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is essential for the activation and maintenance of the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, which controls the onset of puberty and fertility. Two provocative recent studies suggest that, in addition to control reproduction, the neurons in the brain that produce GnRH are also involved in the control postnatal brain maturation, odour discrimination and adult cognition. Long-acting GnRH antagonists and agonists are commonly used to control fertility and behaviour in veterinary medicine, primarily in males. This review puts into perspective the potential risks of these androgen deprivation therapies and immunization on olfactory and cognitive performances and well-aging in domestic animals, including pets. We will also discuss the results reporting beneficial effects of pharmacological interventions restoring physiological GnRH levels on olfactory and cognitive alterations in preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease, which shares many pathophysiological and behavioural hallmarks with canine cognitive dysfunction. These novel findings raise the intriguing possibility that pulsatile GnRH therapy holds therapeutic potential for the management of this behavioural syndrome affecting older dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Prévot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR_S1172, Lille, France
| | - Anne Duittoz
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (PRC) UMR7247 INRA, CNRS, Centre INRAE Val de Loire, IFCE, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
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11
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Eskici N, Madhusudan S, Vaaralahti K, Yellapragada V, Gomez-Sanchez C, Kärkinen J, Almusa H, Brandstack N, Miettinen PJ, Wang Y, Raivio T. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in a patient with a de novo POGZ mutation. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:271-280. [PMID: 37619992 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare, genetically heterogeneous reproductive disorder caused by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency. Approximately half of CHH patients also have decreased or absent sense of smell, that is, Kallmann syndrome (KS). We describe a patient with White-Sutton syndrome (developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder) and KS due to a heterozygous de novo mutation in POGZ (c.2857C>T, p.(Gln953*)), a gene encoding pogo transposable element derived with zinc finger domain, which acts as a transcriptomic regulator of neuronal networks. DESIGN AND METHODS We modeled the role of POGZ in CHH by generating 2 clonal human pluripotent stem cell lines with CRISPR/Cas9, carrying either the heterozygous patient mutation (H11 line) or a homozygous mutation (c.2803-2906del; p.E935Kfs*7 encoding a truncated POGZ protein; F6del line). RESULTS During the differentiation to GnRH neurons, neural progenitors derived from F6del line displayed severe proliferation defect, delayed wound-healing capacity, downregulation of intermediate progenitor neuron genes TBR1 and TBR2, and immature neuron markers PAX6 and TUBB3 and gave rise to fewer neurons with shorter neurites and less neurite branch points compared to the WT and H11 lines (P < .005). Both lines, however, could be successfully differentiated to GnRH neurons. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this is the first report on the overlap between White-Sutton syndrome and CHH. POGZ mutations do not hinder GnRH neuron formation but may cause CHH/KS by affecting the size and motility of the anterior neural progenitor pool and neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Eskici
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Shrinidhi Madhusudan
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Kirsi Vaaralahti
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Venkatram Yellapragada
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Celia Gomez-Sanchez
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Juho Kärkinen
- Helsinki University Hospital, New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Henrikki Almusa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Nina Brandstack
- Department of Radiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Päivi J Miettinen
- Helsinki University Hospital, New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Yafei Wang
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Taneli Raivio
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital, New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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12
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Starrett JR, Moenter SM. Hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons as potential mediators of estradiol negative and positive feedback. Peptides 2023; 163:170963. [PMID: 36740189 PMCID: PMC10516609 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.170963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Gonadal steroid feedback regulates the brain's patterned secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Negative feedback, which occurs in males and during the majority of the female cycle, modulates the amplitude and frequency of GnRH pulses. Positive feedback occurs in females when high estradiol induces a surge pattern of GnRH release. These two forms of feedback and their corresponding patterns of GnRH secretion are thought to be mediated by kisspeptin-expressing neurons in two hypothalamic areas: the arcuate nucleus and the anteroventral periventricular area. In this review, we present evidence for this theory and remaining questions to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rudolph Starrett
- Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Suzanne M Moenter
- Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; The Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Reproduction involves a wide range of biological processes, including organ formation and development, neuroendocrine regulation, hormone production, and meiosis and mitosis. Infertility, the failure of reproduction, has become a major issue for human reproductive health and affects up to one in seven couples worldwide. Here, we review various aspects of human infertility, including etiology, mechanisms, and treatments, with a particular emphasis on genetics. We focus on gamete production and gamete quality, which is the core of successful reproduction. We also discuss future research opportunities and challenges to further expand our understanding of human infertility and improve patient care by providing precision diagnosis and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pierre F Ray
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 380000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Delli V, Dehame J, Franssen D, Rasika S, Parent AS, Prevot V, Chachlaki K. Male minipuberty involves the gonad-independent activation of preoptic nNOS neurons. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 194:199-208. [PMID: 36470319 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is crucial for the establishment of reproductive function. In female mice, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activity appears to be key for the first postnatal activation of the neural network promoting the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), i.e. minipuberty. However, in males, the profile of minipuberty as well as the role of nNOS-expressing neurons remain unexplored. METHODS nNOS-deficient and wild-type mice were studied during postnatal development. The expression of androgen (AR) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) as well as nNOS phosphorylation were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in nNOS neurons in the median preoptic nucleus (MePO), where most GnRH neuronal cell bodies reside, and the hormonal profile of nNOS-deficient male mice was assessed using previously established radioimmunoassay and ELISA methods. Gonadectomy and pharmacological manipulation of ERα were used to elucidate the mechanism of minipubertal nNOS activation and the maturation of the HPG axis. RESULTS In male mice, minipubertal FSH release occurred at P23, preceding the LH surge at P30, when balanopreputial separation occurs. Progesterone and testosterone remained low during minipuberty, increasing around puberty, whereas estrogen levels were high throughout postnatal development. nNOS neurons showed a sharp increase in Ser1412 phosphorylation of nNOS at P23, a phenomenon that occurred even in the absence of the gonads. In male mice, nNOS neurons did not appear to express AR, but abundantly expressed ERα throughout postnatal development. Selective pharmacological blockade of ERα during the infantile period blunted Ser1412 phosphorylation of nNOS at P23. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the timing of minipuberty differs in male mice when compared to females, but as in the latter, nNOS activity in the preoptic region plays a role in this process. Additionally, akin to male non-human primates, the profile of minipuberty in male mice is shaped by sex-independent mechanisms, and possibly involves extragonadal estrogen sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Delli
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, F-59000, Lille, France; FHU 1,000 Days for Health, School of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Julien Dehame
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, F-59000, Lille, France; FHU 1,000 Days for Health, School of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Franssen
- GIGA Neurosciences, Neuroendocrinology Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - S Rasika
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, F-59000, Lille, France; FHU 1,000 Days for Health, School of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Simone Parent
- GIGA Neurosciences, Neuroendocrinology Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, F-59000, Lille, France; FHU 1,000 Days for Health, School of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Konstantina Chachlaki
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, F-59000, Lille, France; FHU 1,000 Days for Health, School of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France; University Research Institute of Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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Faienza MF, Urbano F, Moscogiuri LA, Chiarito M, De Santis S, Giordano P. Genetic, epigenetic and enviromental influencing factors on the regulation of precocious and delayed puberty. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1019468. [PMID: 36619551 PMCID: PMC9813382 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1019468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pubertal development onset is controlled by a network of genes that regulate the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) pulsatile release and the subsequent increase of the circulating levels of pituitary gonadotropins that activate the gonadal function. Although the transition from pre-pubertal condition to puberty occurs physiologically in a delimited age-range, the inception of pubertal development can be anticipated or delayed due to genetic and epigenetic changes or environmental conditions. Most of the genetic and epigenetic alterations concern genes which encode for kisspeptin, GnRH, LH, FSH and their receptor, which represent crucial factors of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Recent data indicate a central role of the epigenome in the regulation of genes in the hypothalamus and pituitary that could mediate the flexibility of pubertal timing. Identification of epigenetically regulated genes, such as Makorin ring finger 3 (MKRN3) and Delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1), respectively responsible for the repression and the activation of pubertal development, provides additional evidence of how epigenetic variations affect pubertal timing. This review aims to investigate genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors responsible for the regulation of precocious and delayed puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- Giovanni XXIII Pediatric Hospital, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Felicia Faienza,
| | | | | | | | - Stefania De Santis
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Giovanni XXIII Pediatric Hospital, Bari, Italy
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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