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Zainal Abidin A, Norrrahim MNF, Mohamed Shakrin NNS, Ibrahim B, Abdullah N, Abdul Rashid JI, Mohd Kasim NA, Ahmad Shah NA. Amidine containing compounds: Antimicrobial activity and its potential in combating antimicrobial resistance. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32010. [PMID: 39170404 PMCID: PMC11336351 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing and concerning threat to global public health, necessitating innovative strategies to combat this crisis. Amidine-containing compounds have emerged as promising agents in the battle against AMR. This review gives a summary of recent advances from the past decade in studies of antimicrobial amidine-containing compounds with the aim to feature their structural diversity and the pharmacological relevance of the moiety to antimicrobial activity and their potential use in combating antimicrobial resistance, to the greatest extent possible. Highlighting is put on chemical structure of such compounds in relation to antimicrobial activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities. Researchers commonly modify molecules containing amidine or incorporate amidine into existing antimicrobial agents to enhance their pharmacological attributes and combat antimicrobial resistance. This comprehensive review consolidates the current knowledge on amidine-containing compounds, elucidating their antimicrobial mechanisms and highlighting their promise in addressing the global AMR crisis. By offering a multidisciplinary perspective, we aim to inspire further research and innovation in this critical area of antimicrobial research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Zainal Abidin
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Baharudin Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norli Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jahwarhar Izuan Abdul Rashid
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Aisyah Ahmad Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Torchelsen FKVDS, Mazzeti AL, Mosqueira VCF. Drugs in preclinical and early clinical development for the treatment of Chagas´s disease: the current status. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:575-590. [PMID: 38686546 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2349289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chagas disease is spreading faster than expected in different countries, and little progress has been reported in the discovery of new drugs to combat Trypanosoma cruzi infection in humans. Recent clinical trials have ended with small hope. The pathophysiology of this neglected disease and the genetic diversity of parasites are exceptionally complex. The only two drugs available to treat patients are far from being safe, and their efficacy in the chronic phase is still unsatisfactory. AREAS COVERED This review offers a comprehensive examination and critical review of data reported in the last 10 years, and it is focused on findings of clinical trials and data acquired in vivo in preclinical studies. EXPERT OPINION The in vivo investigations classically in mice and dog models are also challenging and time-consuming to attest cure for infection. Poorly standardized protocols, availability of diagnosis methods and disease progression markers, the use of different T. cruzi strains with variable benznidazole sensitivities, and animals in different acute and chronic phases of infection contribute to it. More synchronized efforts between research groups in this field are required to put in evidence new promising substances, drug combinations, repurposing strategies, and new pharmaceutical formulations to impact the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Karoline Vieira da Silva Torchelsen
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Lia Mazzeti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Health, Academic Unit of Passos, University of Minas Gerais State, Passos, Brazil
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Nisimura LM, Ferreira RR, Coelho LL, de Oliveira GM, Gonzaga BM, Meuser-Batista M, Lannes-Vieira J, Araujo-Jorge T, Garzoni LR. Vascular Growth Factor Inhibition with Bevacizumab Improves Cardiac Electrical Alterations and Fibrosis in Experimental Acute Chagas Disease. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1414. [PMID: 37998013 PMCID: PMC10669550 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) caused by Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected illness and a major reason for cardiomyopathy in endemic areas. The existing therapy generally involves trypanocidal agents and therapies that control cardiac alterations. However, there is no treatment for the progressive cardiac remodeling that is characterized by inflammation, microvasculopathy and extensive fibrosis. Thus, the search for new therapeutic strategies aiming to inhibit the progression of cardiac injury and failure is necessary. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) is the most potent regulator of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis and has been implicated in inducing exacerbated angiogenesis and fibrosis in chronic inflammatory diseases. Since cardiac microvasculopathy in CD is also characterized by exacerbated angiogenesis, we investigated the effect of inhibition of the VEGF signaling pathway using a monoclonal antibody (bevacizumab) on cardiac remodeling and function. Swiss Webster mice were infected with Y strain, and cardiac morphological and molecular analyses were performed. We found that bevacizumab significantly increased survival, reduced inflammation, improved cardiac electrical function, diminished angiogenesis, decreased myofibroblasts in cardiac tissue and restored collagen levels. This work shows that VEGF is involved in cardiac microvasculopathy and fibrosis in CD and the inhibition of this factor could be a potential therapeutic strategy for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindice Mitie Nisimura
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.M.N.); (R.R.F.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.G.); (M.M.-B.); (T.A.-J.)
| | - Roberto Rodrigues Ferreira
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.M.N.); (R.R.F.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.G.); (M.M.-B.); (T.A.-J.)
- Laboratory of Applied Genomics and Bioinnovations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LAGABI-IOC/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Lacerda Coelho
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.M.N.); (R.R.F.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.G.); (M.M.-B.); (T.A.-J.)
| | - Gabriel Melo de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LBC-IOC/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Beatriz Matheus Gonzaga
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.M.N.); (R.R.F.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.G.); (M.M.-B.); (T.A.-J.)
| | - Marcelo Meuser-Batista
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.M.N.); (R.R.F.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.G.); (M.M.-B.); (T.A.-J.)
| | - Joseli Lannes-Vieira
- Laboratory of Biology of the Interactions, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LBI-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Tania Araujo-Jorge
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.M.N.); (R.R.F.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.G.); (M.M.-B.); (T.A.-J.)
| | - Luciana Ribeiro Garzoni
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LITEB-IOC/Fiocruz), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.M.N.); (R.R.F.); (L.L.C.); (B.M.G.); (M.M.-B.); (T.A.-J.)
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Gonzaga BMS, Horita SIM, Beghini DG, Gomes F, Nisimura LM, dos Santos IB, Estato V, de Araújo-Jorge TC, Garzoni LR. Effect of benznidazole on cerebral microcirculation during acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21048. [PMID: 36473897 PMCID: PMC9726894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system alterations was described in Chagas disease in both human and experimental models, leading to meningoencephalitis, stroke and cognitive impairment. Recently, our group demonstrated that acute infection by Trypanossoma cruzi leads to cerebral microvasculophaty in mice with endothelial dysfunction, capillary rarefaction, increased rolling and leukocyte adhesion. Only benznidazole and nifurtimox are available for clinical treatment, they have an efficiency of 80% in the acute phase and less than 20% in chronic phase. However, the effect of these drugs on brain microcirculation has not yet been evaluated. We hypothesized that early treatment with benznidazole could protect brain microcirculation during acute experimental Chagas disease. Swiss Webster mice were inoculated with 104 trypomastigotes forms of T. cruzi, and after 24 h they were treated with 50 or 100 mg/kg/day of benznidazole for 14 consecutive days. In untreated infected mice, we observed cerebral microvascular rarefaction, increase in leukocyte rolling and adhesion, reduced cerebral blood flow, and increased CD3+ and F4-80+ cells in brain tissue. Early treatment with benznidazole at 100 mg/kg/day and 50 mg/kg/day prevented the occurrence of the alterations mentioned. Here, we show that BZ is able to protect the microcirculation and reduced brain inflammation in acute experimental Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Matheus Souza Gonzaga
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Inovações Em Terapias, Ensino E Bioprodutos - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Samuel Iwao Maia Horita
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Inovações Em Terapias, Ensino E Bioprodutos - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Daniela Gois Beghini
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Inovações Em Terapias, Ensino E Bioprodutos - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Fabiana Gomes
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Líndice Mitie Nisimura
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Apicomplexa, Instituto Carlos Chagas, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabele Barbieri dos Santos
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Biotério Do Pavilhão Carlos Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Vanessa Estato
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Tania Cremonini de Araújo-Jorge
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Inovações Em Terapias, Ensino E Bioprodutos - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Luciana Ribeiro Garzoni
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Laboratório de Inovações Em Terapias, Ensino E Bioprodutos - Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Fiuza LFDA, Batista DGJ, Girão RD, Hulpia F, Finamore-Araújo P, Aldfer MM, Elmahallawy EK, De Koning HP, Moreira O, Van Calenbergh S, Soeiro MDNC. Phenotypic Evaluation of Nucleoside Analogues against Trypanosoma cruzi Infection: In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228087. [PMID: 36432189 PMCID: PMC9695592 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), is a serious public health problem. Current treatment is restricted to two drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, displaying serious efficacy and safety drawbacks. Nucleoside analogues represent a promising alternative as protozoans do not biosynthesize purines and rely on purine salvage from the hosts. Protozoan transporters often present different substrate specificities from mammalian transporters, justifying the exploration of nucleoside analogues as therapeutic agents. Previous reports identified nucleosides with potent trypanocidal activity; therefore, two 7-derivatized tubercidins (FH11706, FH10714) and a 3′-deoxytubercidin (FH8513) were assayed against T. cruzi. They were highly potent and selective, and the uptake of the tubercidin analogues appeared to be mediated by the nucleoside transporter TcrNT2. At 10 μM, the analogues reduced parasitemia >90% in 2D and 3D cardiac cultures. The washout assays showed that FH10714 sterilized the infected cultures. Given orally, the compounds did not induce noticeable mouse toxicity (50 mg/kg), suppressed the parasitemia of T. cruzi-infected Swiss mice (25 mg/kg, 5 days) and presented DNA amplification below the limit of detection. These findings justify further studies with longer treatment regimens, as well as evaluations in combination with nitro drugs, aiming to identify more effective and safer therapies for Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila F. de A. Fiuza
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Denise G. J. Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Roberson D. Girão
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Fabian Hulpia
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paula Finamore-Araújo
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
| | - Mustafa M. Aldfer
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow 62694, UK
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow 62694, UK
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Harry P. De Koning
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow 62694, UK
| | - Otacílio Moreira
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20000-000, Brazil
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria de Nazaré C. Soeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2562-1368
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Jonathan Nué-Martinez J, Cisneros D, Dardonville C. Methyl N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyridine-2-carbimidothioate: a New Reagent for the Synthesis of N-phenylpyridinecarboxamidine (“arylimidamide”) DNA-minor groove binders from Poorly Nucleophilic Amines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 74:128926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Leite GR, Batista DDGJ, Mazzeti AL, Silva RA, Lugão AB, Soeiro MDNC. The Impact of the CTHRSSVVC Peptide Upon Experimental Models of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:882555. [PMID: 35601101 PMCID: PMC9121062 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.882555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD), caused by the hemoflagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, affects more than six million people worldwide and presents an unsatisfactory therapy, based on two nitroderivatives, introduced in clinical medicine for decades. The synthetic peptide, with CTHRSSVVC sequence (PepA), mimics the CD163 and TNF-α tripeptide "RSS" motif and binds to atheromatous plaques in carotid biopsies of human patients, spleen tissues, and a low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr-/-) mouse model of atherosclerosis. CD163 receptor is present on monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, acting as a regulator of acute-phase processes and modulating aspects of the inflammatory response and the establishment of infections. Due to the potential theranostic role of PepA, our aim was to investigate its effect upon T. cruzi infection in vitro and in vivo. PepA and two other peptides with shuffled sequences were assayed upon different binomials of host cell/parasite, including professional [as peritoneal mouse macrophages (PMM)] and non-professional phagocytes [primary cultures of cardiac cells (CM)], under different protocols. Also, their impact was further addressed in vivo using a mouse model of acute experimental Chagas disease. Our in-vitro findings demonstrate that PepA and PepB (the peptide with random sequence retaining the "RS" sequence) reduced the intracellular parasitism of the PMM but were inactive during the infection of cardiac cells. Another set of in-vitro and in-vivo studies showed that they do not display a trypanocidal effect on bloodstream trypomastigotes nor exhibit in-vivo efficacy when administered after the parasite inoculation. Our data report the in-vitro activity of PepA and PepB upon the infection of PMM by T. cruzi, possibly triggering the microbicidal arsenal of the host professional phagocytes, capable of controlling parasitic invasion and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Rodrigues Leite
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise da Gama Jaén Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Lia Mazzeti
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Laboratório de Parasitologia Aplicada, Unidade Passos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire Aparecida Silva
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Cardoso-Santos C, Ferreira de Almeida Fiuza L, França da Silva C, Mazzeti AL, Donola Girão R, Melo de Oliveira G, da Gama Jaen Batista D, Cruz Moreira O, Lins da Silva Gomes N, Maes L, Caljon G, Hulpia F, Calenbergh SV, Correia Soeiro MDN. 7-Aryl-7-deazapurine 3'-deoxyribonucleoside derivative as a novel lead for Chagas' disease therapy: in vitro and in vivo pharmacology. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2021; 3:dlab168. [PMID: 34806007 PMCID: PMC8599808 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is auxotrophic for purines and causes Chagas’ disease (CD), a neglected illness affecting >6 million people. Combining the 3-deoxyribofuranose part of cordycepin with the modified purine ring of a nucleoside ‘hit’ led to the discovery of 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-N7-(3′-deoxy-β-d-ribofuranosyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (Cpd1), revealing promising anti-T. cruzi activity. Objectives To further evaluate Cpd1 in vitro and in vivo to fully assess its therapeutic potential against CD, covering cell culture sterilization through washout assays, drug combination with benznidazole and long-term administration in T. cruzi-infected mice. Results Although less susceptible to Cpd1 than amastigotes, trypomastigotes present an impaired capacity to successfully establish intracellular infection of cardiac cultures. Combination of benznidazole with Cpd1 indicated no interaction (additive effect) (FIC index = 0.72) while administration to mice at one-tenth of the optimal dose (2.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg for Cpd1 and benznidazole, respectively) suppressed parasitaemia but failed to avoid mortality. Long-term treatment (60 days) gave a rapid drop of the parasitaemia (>98% decline) and 100% mice survival but only 16% cure. In vitro washout experiments demonstrated that although parasite release into the supernatant of infected cardiac cultures was reduced by >94%, parasite recrudescence did occur after treatment. Conclusions Parasite recrudescence did occur after treatment corroborating the hypothesis of therapeutic failure due to subpopulations of dormant forms and/or genetic factors in persister parasites involved in natural drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Cardoso-Santos
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LBC), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Cristiane França da Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LBC), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Lia Mazzeti
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LBC), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberson Donola Girão
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LBC), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Melo de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LBC), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise da Gama Jaen Batista
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LBC), Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Otacilio Cruz Moreira
- Real Time PCR Platform RPT09A, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endemic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Natália Lins da Silva Gomes
- Real Time PCR Platform RPT09A, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endemic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guy Caljon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Fabian Hulpia
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Serge V Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Zuma AA, de Souza W. Chagas Disease Chemotherapy: What Do We Know So Far? Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:3963-3995. [PMID: 33593251 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210216152654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD), and although endemic in Latin America, affects around 6-7 million people infected worldwide. The treatment of Chagas disease is based on benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are the only available drugs. However, they are not effective during the chronic phase and cause several side effects. Furthermore, BZ promotes cure in 80% of the patients in the acute phase, but the cure rate drops to 20% in adults in the chronic phase of the disease. In this review, we present several studies published in the last six years, which describes the antiparasitic potential of distinct drugs, from the synthesis of new compounds aiming to target the parasite, as well as the repositioning and the combination of drugs. We highlight several compounds for having shown results that are equivalent or superior to BZ, which means that they should be further studied, either in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, we stand out the differences in the effects of BZ on the same strain of T. cruzi, which might be related to methodological differences such as parasite and cell ratios, host cell type and the time of adding the drug. In addition, we discuss the wide variety of strains and also the cell types used as a host cell, which makes it difficult to compare the trypanocidal effect of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Araujo Zuma
- Laboratorio de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21491-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brazil
| | - Wanderley de Souza
- Laboratorio de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21491-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brazil
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10
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Patil PA, Sehlangia S, Pradeep CP. Dipicolinimidamide functionalized chromogenic chemosensor for recognition of Cu2+ ions and its applications. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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11
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de Paula JC, Bakoshi ABK, Lazarin-Bidóia D, Ud Din Z, Rodrigues-Filho E, Ueda-Nakamura T, Nakamura CV. Antiproliferative activity of the dibenzylideneacetone derivate (E)-3-ethyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)but‑3-en-2-one in Trypanosoma cruzi. Acta Trop 2020; 211:105653. [PMID: 32777226 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is one of the most prevalent neglected diseases in the world. The illness is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite with a complex life cycle and three morphologically distinct developmental stages. Nowadays, the only treatment is based on two nitro-derivative drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, which cause serious side effects. Since the treatment is limited, the search for new treatment options for patients with Chagas disease is highly necessary. In this study we analyzed the substance A11K3, a dibenzylideneacetone (DBA). DBAs have an acyclic dienone attached to aryl groups in both β-positions and studies have shown that they have biological activity against tumors cells, bacteria, and protozoa such as T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. Here we show that A11K3 is active against all three T. cruzi evolutionary forms: the epimastigote (IC50 = 3.3 ± 0.8), the trypomastigote (EC50 = 24 ± 4.3) and the intracellular amastigote (IC50 = 9.3 ± 0.5 µM). A cytotoxicity assay in LLCMK2 cells showed a CC50 of 239.2 ± 15.7 µM giving a selectivity index (CC50/IC50) of 72.7 for epimastigotes, 9.9 for trypomastigotes and 25.9 for intracellular amastigotes. Morphological and ultrastructural analysis of the parasites treated with A11K3 by TEM and SEM revealed alterations in the Golgi complex, mitochondria, plasma membrane and cell body, with an increase of autophagic vacuoles and lipid bodies. Biochemical assays of A11K3-treated T. cruzi showed an increase of ROS, plasma membrane ruptures, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization with a decrease in ATP and accumulation of autophagic vacuoles. The results lead to the hypothesis that A11K3 causes death of the protozoan through events such as plasma membrane and mitochondrial alterations and autophagy, characteristic of cell collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Carreira de Paula
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Bloco B-08, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda Beatriz Kawano Bakoshi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Bloco B-08, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Danielle Lazarin-Bidóia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Bloco B-08, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Zia Ud Din
- LaBioMMi, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos, SP 13.565-905, Brazil
| | - Edson Rodrigues-Filho
- LaBioMMi, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos, SP 13.565-905, Brazil
| | - Tania Ueda-Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Bloco B-08, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Bloco B-08, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR CEP 87020-900, Brazil.
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12
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Hagen JP, Darner G, Anderson S, Higgins K, Leas DA, Mitra A, Mashinson V, Wol T, Vera-Esquivel C, Belter B, Cal M, Kaiser M, Wallick A, Warner RC, Davis PH. Activity of diphenyl ether benzyl amines against Human African Trypanosomiasis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103590. [PMID: 32179269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Insect-borne parasite Trypanosoma brucei plagues humans and other animals, eliciting the disease Human African trypanosomiasis, also known as African sleeping sickness. This disease poses the biggest threat to the people in Sub-Saharan Africa. Given the high toxicity and difficulties with administration of currently available drugs, a novel treatment is needed. Building on known Human African trypanosomiasis structure-activity relationship (SAR), we now describe a number of functionally simple diphenyl ether analogs which give low micromolar activity (IC50 = 0.16-0.96 μM) against T. b. rhodesiense. The best compound shows favorable selectivity against the L6 cell line (SI = 750) and even greater selectivity (SI = 1200) against four human cell lines. The data herein provides direction for the ongoing optimization of antitrypanosomal diphenyl ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Hagen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States.
| | - Grant Darner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Samuel Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Katie Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Derek A Leas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Ananya Mitra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Victoria Mashinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Tasloach Wol
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Carlos Vera-Esquivel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Bret Belter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0109, United States
| | - Monica Cal
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Wallick
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, United States
| | - Rosalie C Warner
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, United States
| | - Paul H Davis
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, United States
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Fernandes NDS, Desoti VC, Dias A, da Silva YC, de Azevedo Dos Santos AP, Passarini GM, Nakamura CV, da Veiga Junior VF. Styrylpyrone, isolated from an Amazon plant, induces cell cycle arrest and autophagy in Leishmania amazonensis. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4729-4733. [PMID: 31983230 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1715395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The search for bioactive compounds against diseases is imperative and the richness of the Amazon provides a large source to be explored. Current therapies for the treatment of parasitic infections have severe side effects and low efficacy, which makes the development of an effective chemotherapy extremely important. In this study, we describe the isolation of styrylpyrone 4-methoxy-6-(11,12-methylenedioxy-trans-styryl)-2-pyrone (SP), from the Amazonian tree species, Aniba panurensis, the in vitro activity against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes, and its in silico pharmacokinetics properties. The results showed morphological and ultrastructural alterations, cell cycle impairment, increased reactive oxygen species production, accumulation of lipid bodies and formation of autophagic vacuoles in SP-treated parasites. In silico studies revealed that the compound has a high drug-score, which is encouraging for further investigation. Our results indicate that SP is a promising drug candidate, which induces alterations in L. amazonensis leading to parasite death through cell cycle arrest and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilma de Souza Fernandes
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.,Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Vânia Cristina Desoti
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alcilene Dias
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula de Azevedo Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.,Plataforma de Bioensaios em Malária e Leishmaniose, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Matos Passarini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.,Plataforma de Bioensaios em Malária e Leishmaniose, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Valdir Florêncio da Veiga Junior
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Activity of the sesquiterpene lactone goyazensolide against Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro and in vivo. Parasitology 2019; 147:108-119. [PMID: 31455451 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182019001276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current drugs for Chagas disease treatment present several limitations. METHODS The sesquiterpene lactone goyazensolide (GZL) was evaluated regarding to cytotoxicity and trypanocidal activity against amastigotes, selectivity index (SI) in vitro, acute toxicity and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity in vivo. RESULTS The in vitro cytotoxicity in H9c2 cells was observed at doses >250 ng mL-1 of GZL and the SI were of 52.82 and 4.85 (24 h) and of 915.00 and 41.00 (48 h) for GZL and BZ, respectively. Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity were not verified. Treatment with GZL of mice infected with CL strain led to a significant decrease of parasitaemia and total survival at doses of 1 and 3 mg kg-1 day-1 by oral and IV, respectively. This last group cured 12.5% of the animals (negativation of HC, PCR, qPCR and ELISA). Animals infected with Y strain showed significant decrease of parasitaemia and higher negativation in all parasitological tests in comparison to BZ and control groups, but were ELISA reactive, as well as the BZ group, but mice treated with 5.0 mg kg-1 day-1 by oral were negative in parasitological tests and survived. CONCLUSION GZL was more active against T. cruzi than benznidazole in vitro and presented important therapeutic activity in vivo in both T. cruzi strains.
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15
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Philot Pavão B, Demarque KC, Meuser Batista M, Melo de Oliveira G, França da Silva C, Guedes da Silva FH, Gonçalves Caputo LF, Machado Cascabulho C, Barcinski MA, Correia Soeiro MDN. Impact of autologous whole blood administration upon experimental mouse models of acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2018; 24:25. [PMID: 30186314 PMCID: PMC6117903 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-018-0157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous whole blood (AWB) administration is described as alternative/complementary medical practice widely employed in medical and veterinary therapy against infections, chronic pathologies and neoplasias. Our aim is to investigate in vivo biological effect of AWB using healthy murine models under the course of Trypanosoma cruzi acute infection. Methods The first set of studies consisted of injecting different volumes of AWB and saline (SAL) into the posterior region of quadriceps muscle of healthy male Swiss mice under distinct therapeutic schemes evaluating: animal behavior, body and organ weight, hemogram, plasmatic biochemical markers for tissue damage and inflammatory cytokine levels and profile. To assess the impact on the experimental T. cruzi infection, different schemes (prior and post infection) and periods of AWB administration (from one up to 10 days) were conducted, also employing heterologous whole blood (HWB) and evaluating plasma cytokine profile. Results No major adverse events were observed in healthy AWB-treated mice, except gait impairment in animals that received three doses of 20 μL AWB in the same hind limb. AWB and SAL triggered an immediate polymorphonuclear response followed by mononuclear infiltrate. Although SAL triggered an inflammatory response, the kinetics and intensity of the histological profile and humoral mediator levels were different from AWB, the latter occurring earlier and more intensely with concomitant elevation of plasma IL-6. Inflammatory peak response of SAL, mainly composed of mononuclear cells with IL-10, was increased at 24 h. According to the mouse model of acute T. cruzi infection, only minor decreases (< 30%) in the parasitemia levels were produced by AWB and HWB given before and after infection, without protecting against mortality. Rises in IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-6 were detected at 9 dpi in all infected animals as compared to uninfected mice but only Bz displayed a statistically significant diminution (p = 0.02) in TNF-alpha levels than infected and untreated mice. Conclusions This study revealed that the use of autologous whole blood (AWB) in the acute model employed was unable to reduce the parasitic load of infected mice, providing only a minor decrease in parasitemia levels (up to 30%) but without protecting against animal mortality. Further in vivo studies will be necessary to elucidate the effective impact of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Philot Pavão
- 1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Kelly Cristina Demarque
- 1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Marcos Meuser Batista
- 1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Gabriel Melo de Oliveira
- 1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Cristiane França da Silva
- 1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | | | - Luzia Fátima Gonçalves Caputo
- 2Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Cynthia Machado Cascabulho
- 3Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Marcello André Barcinski
- 1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro
- 1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
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16
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Hiller NDJ, Silva NAAE, Faria RX, Souza ALA, Resende JALC, Borges Farias A, Correia Romeiro N, de Luna Martins D. Synthesis and Evaluation of the Anticancer and Trypanocidal Activities of Boronic Tyrphostins. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1395-1404. [PMID: 29856519 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecules containing an (cyanovinyl)arene moiety are known as tyrphostins because of their ability to inhibit proteins from the tyrosine kinase family, an interesting target for the development of anticancer and trypanocidal drugs. In the present work, (E)-(cyanovinyl)benzeneboronic acids were synthesized by Knoevenagel condensations without the use of any catalysts in water through a simple protocol that completely avoided the use of organic solvents in the synthesis and workup process. The in vitro anticancer and trypanocidal activities of the synthesized boronic acids were also evaluated, and it was discovered that the introduction of the boronic acid functionality improved the activity of the boronic tyrphostins. In silico target fishing with the use of a chemogenomic approach suggested that tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1a (DYRK1A) was a potential target for some of the designed compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi de J Hiller
- Research Group on Catalysis and Synthesis (CSI), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Laboratório 413, Instituto de Química, Campus do Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Nayane A A E Silva
- Research Group on Catalysis and Synthesis (CSI), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Laboratório 413, Instituto de Química, Campus do Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
| | - Robson X Faria
- Laboratory of Toxoplasmosis and other Protozoan Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (Fiocruz), Brasil
| | - André Luís A Souza
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Peptides, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (Fiocruz), Brazil
| | - Jackson A L C Resende
- Laboratory of Solid-State Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Barra do Garças, MT, 78600-000, Brazil
| | - André Borges Farias
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Social (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus de Macaé, Av. Rotary Club s/n; São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ, 27901-000, Brazil
| | - Nelilma Correia Romeiro
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Social (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus de Macaé, Av. Rotary Club s/n; São José do Barreto, Macaé, RJ, 27901-000, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Luna Martins
- Research Group on Catalysis and Synthesis (CSI), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Laboratório 413, Instituto de Química, Campus do Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24020-141, Brazil
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Ferreira de Almeida Fiuza L, Peres RB, Simões-Silva MR, da Silva PB, Batista DDGJ, da Silva CF, Nefertiti Silva da Gama A, Krishna Reddy TR, Soeiro MDNC. Identification of Pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,4]thiazepin based CYP51 inhibitors as potential Chagas disease therapeutic alternative: In vitro and in vivo evaluation, binding mode prediction and SAR exploration. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 149:257-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Drug repurposing strategy against Trypanosoma cruzi infection: In vitro and in vivo assessment of the activity of metronidazole in mono- and combined therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 145:46-53. [PMID: 28870526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Metronidazole (Mtz) is a commercial broad-spectrum nitroimidazolic derivative with relevant antimicrobial activity and relative safety profile. Therefore, it is fair to consider Mtz a candidate for drug repurposing for other neglected conditions such as Chagas disease (CD), a parasitic pathology caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. CD is treated only with benznidazole (Bz) and nifurtimox, both introduced in clinics decades ago despite important limitations, including low efficacy on the later disease stage (chronic form) and severe side effects. New cheap and fast alternative treatments for CD are needed, thus the repurposing of Mtz was assessed in vitro and in vivo in mono- and combined therapy. In vitro assays demonstrated EC50>200µM for Mtz, while for Bz the values ranged from 2.51µM (intracellular forms) to 11.5µM (bloodstream trypomastigotes). When both drugs were combined in fixed-ratio proportions, Mtz promoted Bz potency (lower EC50 values). In vivo toxicity assays for Mtz in mice showed no adverse effects neither histopathological alterations up to 2000mg/kg. Regarding experimental T. cruzi infection, Bz 100mg/kg suppressed parasitemia while Mtz (up to 1000mg/kg) in monotherapy did not, but prolonged animal survival at 250 and 500 regimen doses. The combination of both drugs (Bz 10+Mtz 250) prevented mortality (70%) besides protected against electric cardiac alterations triggered by the parasite infection. Although not able to reduce parasite load, the combination therapy prevented animal mortality; this was possibly due to a protection of the electric cardiac physiology that is normally altered in experimental infection of T. cruzi. It also suggested that the interaction with Mtz could have improved the pharmacokinetics of Bz. Our study emphasizes the importance of drug repurposing and combined therapy for CD to contribute to alternative therapies for this neglected and silent pathology.
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Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by infection with the insect-transmitted protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, and is the most important parasitic infection in Latin America. The current drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, are characterized by limited efficacy and toxic side-effects, and treatment failures are frequently observed. The urgent need for new therapeutic approaches is being met by a combined effort from the academic and commercial sectors, together with major input from not-for-profit drug development consortia. With the disappointing outcomes of recent clinical trials against chronic Chagas disease, it has become clear that an incomplete understanding of parasite biology and disease pathogenesis is impacting negatively on the development of more effective drugs. In addition, technical issues, including difficulties in establishing parasitological cure in both human patients and animal models, have greatly complicated the assessment of drug efficacy. Here, we outline the major questions that need to be addressed and discuss technical innovations that can be exploited to accelerate the drug development pipeline.
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da Silva CF, Batista DDGJ, de Araújo JS, Cunha-Junior EF, Stephens CE, Banerjee M, Farahat AA, Akay S, Fisher MK, Boykin DW, Soeiro MDNC. Phenotypic evaluation and in silico ADMET properties of novel arylimidamides in acute mouse models of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:1095-1105. [PMID: 28435221 PMCID: PMC5388221 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s120618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arylimidamides (AIAs), previously termed as reversed amidines, present a broad spectrum of activity against intracellular microorganisms. In the present study, three novel AIAs were evaluated in a mouse model of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, which is the causative agent of Chagas disease. The bis-AIAs DB1957, DB1959 and DB1890 were chosen based on a previous screening of their scaffolds that revealed a very promising trypanocidal effect at nanomolar range against both the bloodstream trypomastigotes (BTs) and the intracellular forms of the parasite. This study focused on both mesylate salts DB1957 and DB1959 besides the hydrochloride salt DB1890. Our current data validate the high activity of these bis-AIA scaffolds that exhibited EC50 (drug concentration that reduces 50% of the number of the treated parasites) values ranging from 14 to 78 nM and 190 to 1,090 nM against bloodstream and intracellular forms, respectively, also presenting reasonable selectivity indexes and no mutagenicity profile predicted by in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET). Acute toxicity studies using murine models revealed that these AIAs presented only mild toxic effects such as reversible abdominal contractions and ruffled fur. Efficacy assays performed with Swiss mice infected with the Y strain revealed that the administration of DB1957 for 5 consecutive days, with the first dose given at parasitemia onset, reduced the number of BTs at the peak, ranging between 21 and 31% of decrease. DB1957 was able to provide 100% of animal survival, while untreated animals showed 70% of mortality rates. DB1959 and DB1890B did not reduce circulating parasitism but yielded >80% of survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chad E Stephens
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta
| | - Moloy Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abdelbasset A Farahat
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Senol Akay
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mary K Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta
| | - David W Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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An Aromatic Diamidine That Targets Kinetoplast DNA, Impairs the Cell Cycle in Trypanosoma cruzi, and Diminishes Trypomastigote Release from Infected Mammalian Host Cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:5867-77. [PMID: 27431229 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01595-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, affecting approximately 10 million people in the Americas and with some 40 million people at risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-T. cruzi activity of three new diamidines that have a 3,4-ethylenedioxy extension of the thiophene core, designated MB17, MB19, and MB38. All three diamidines exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of epimastigote replication. The mechanisms of action of these diamidines were investigated. Unlike MB17 and MB19, MB38 exhibited a significant increase in the number of annexin-propidium iodide double-labeled cells compared to levels in control parasites. As MB17 had shown a lower 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) against epimastigote growth, the mechanism of action of this drug was studied in more detail. MB17 triggered a decrease in the intracellular ATP levels. As a consequence, MB17 affected the genomic DNA and kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) and impaired the parasite cell cycle. Moreover, MB17 caused DNA fragmentation, with a more severe effect on kDNA than on nuclear DNA, resulting in dyskinetoplastic cells. MB17 was tested for toxicity and effectiveness for the treatment of infected CHO-K1 cells, exhibiting a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 13.47 ± 0.37 μM and an IC50 of 0.14 ± 0.12 μM against trypomastigote release. MB17 also diminished the infection index by 60% at 0.5 μM. In conclusion, despite belonging to the same family, these diamidines have different efficiencies. To summarize, MB17 was the most potent of these diamidines against epimastigotes, producing DNA damage preferentially in kDNA, impairing the parasite cell cycle, and decreasing the infection index and trypomastigote release from infected mammalian host cells, with a high selectivity index (SI) (<90). These data suggest that MB17 could be an interesting lead compound against T. cruzi.
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