1
|
Argentini C, Lugli GA, Tarracchini C, Fontana F, Mancabelli L, Viappiani A, Anzalone R, Angelini L, Alessandri G, Bianchi MG, Taurino G, Bussolati O, Milani C, van Sinderen D, Turroni F, Ventura M. Ecology- and genome-based identification of the Bifidobacterium adolescentis prototype of the healthy human gut microbiota. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0201423. [PMID: 38294252 PMCID: PMC10880601 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02014-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are among the first microbial colonizers of the human gut, being frequently associated with human health-promoting activities. In the current study, an in silico methodology based on an ecological and phylogenomic-driven approach allowed the selection of a Bifidobacterium adolescentis prototype strain, i.e., B. adolescentis PRL2023, which best represents the overall genetic content and functional features of the B. adolescentis taxon. Such features were confirmed by in vitro experiments aimed at evaluating the ability of this strain to survive in the gastrointestinal tract of the host and its ability to interact with human intestinal cells and other microbial gut commensals. In this context, co-cultivation of B. adolescentis PRL2023 and several gut commensals revealed various microbe-microbe interactions and indicated co-metabolism of particular plant-derived glycans, such as xylan.IMPORTANCEThe use of appropriate bacterial strains in experimental research becomes imperative in order to investigate bacterial behavior while mimicking the natural environment. In the current study, through in silico and in vitro methodologies, we were able to identify the most representative strain of the Bifidobacterium adolescentis species. The ability of this strain, B. adolescentis PRL2023, to cope with the environmental challenges imposed by the gastrointestinal tract, together with its ability to switch its carbohydrate metabolism to compete with other gut microorganisms, makes it an ideal choice as a B. adolescentis prototype and a member of the healthy microbiota of adults. This strain possesses a genetic blueprint appropriate for its exploitation as a candidate for next-generation probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- GenProbio srl, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of General Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Taurino
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of General Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of General Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Argentini C, Lugli GA, Tarracchini C, Fontana F, Mancabelli L, Viappiani A, Anzalone R, Angelini L, Alessandri G, Longhi G, Bianchi MG, Taurino G, Bussolati O, Milani C, van Sinderen D, Turroni F, Ventura M. Genomic and ecological approaches to identify the Bifidobacterium breve prototype of the healthy human gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1349391. [PMID: 38426063 PMCID: PMC10902438 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1349391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Members of the genus Bifidobacterium are among the first microorganisms colonizing the human gut. Among these species, strains of Bifidobacterium breve are known to be commonly transmitted from mother to her newborn, while this species has also been linked with activities supporting human wellbeing. In the current study, an in silico approach, guided by ecology- and phylogenome-based analyses, was employed to identify a representative strain of B. breve to be exploited as a novel health-promoting candidate. The selected strain, i.e., B. breve PRL2012, was found to well represent the genetic content and functional genomic features of the B. breve taxon. We evaluated the ability of PRL2012 to survive in the gastrointestinal tract and to interact with other human gut commensal microbes. When co-cultivated with various human gut commensals, B. breve PRL2012 revealed an enhancement of its metabolic activity coupled with the activation of cellular defense mechanisms to apparently improve its survivability in a simulated ecosystem resembling the human microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- GenProbio srl, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Longhi
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Taurino
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rizzo SM, Vergna LM, Alessandri G, Lee C, Fontana F, Lugli GA, Carnevali L, Bianchi MG, Barbetti M, Taurino G, Sgoifo A, Bussolati O, Turroni F, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. GH136-encoding gene (perB) is involved in gut colonization and persistence by Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14406. [PMID: 38271233 PMCID: PMC10884991 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are commensal microorganisms that typically inhabit the mammalian gut, including that of humans. As they may be vertically transmitted, they commonly colonize the human intestine from the very first day following birth and may persist until adulthood and old age, although generally at a reduced relative abundance and prevalence compared to infancy. The ability of bifidobacteria to persist in the human intestinal environment has been attributed to genes involved in adhesion to epithelial cells and the encoding of complex carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. Recently, a putative mucin-degrading glycosyl hydrolase belonging to the GH136 family and encoded by the perB gene has been implicated in gut persistence of certain bifidobacterial strains. In the current study, to better characterize the function of this gene, a comparative genomic analysis was performed, revealing the presence of perB homologues in just eight bifidobacterial species known to colonize the human gut, including Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum strains, or in non-human primates. Mucin-mediated growth and adhesion to human intestinal cells, in addition to a rodent model colonization assay, were performed using B. bifidum PRL2010 as a perB prototype and its isogenic perB-insertion mutant. These results demonstrate that perB inactivation reduces the ability of B. bifidum PRL2010 to grow on and adhere to mucin, as well as to persist in the rodent gut niche. These results corroborate the notion that the perB gene is one of the genetic determinants involved in the persistence of B. bifidum PRL2010 in the human gut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mirjam Rizzo
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Laura Maria Vergna
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Ciaran Lee
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience InstituteNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- GenProbio srlParmaItaly
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Luca Carnevali
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Margherita Barbetti
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Taurino
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Andrea Sgoifo
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience InstituteNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”University of ParmaParmaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Walsh C, Owens RA, Bottacini F, Lane JA, van Sinderen D, Hickey RM. HMO-primed bifidobacteria exhibit enhanced ability to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1232173. [PMID: 38163079 PMCID: PMC10757668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1232173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability of gut commensals to adhere to the intestinal epithelium can play a key role in influencing the composition of the gut microbiota. Bifidobacteria are associated with a multitude of health benefits and are one of the most widely used probiotics for humans. Enhanced bifidobacterial adhesion may increase host-microbe, microbe-nutrient, and/or microbe-microbe interactions, thereby enabling consolidated health benefits to the host. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) to enhance bifidobacterial intestinal adhesion in vitro. This study assessed the colonisation-promoting effects of HMOs on four commercial infant-associated Bifidobacterium strains (two B. longum subsp. infantis strains, B. breve and B. bifidum). HT29-MTX cells were used as an in vitro intestinal model for bacterial adhesion. Short-term exposure of four commercial infant-associated Bifidobacterium strains to HMOs derived from breastmilk substantially increased the adherence (up to 47%) of these probiotic strains. Interestingly, when strains were incubated with HMOs as a four-strain combination, the number of viable bacteria adhering to intestinal cells increased by >90%. Proteomic analysis of this multi-strain bifidobacterial mixture revealed that the increased adherence resulting from exposure to HMOs was associated with notable increases in the abundance of sortase-dependent pili and glycosyl hydrolases matched to Bifidobacterium bifidum. This study suggests that HMOs may prime infant gut-associated Bifidobacterium for colonisation to intestinal epithelial cells by influencing the expression of various colonization factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clodagh Walsh
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland
- Health and Happiness Group, H&H Research, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Francesca Bottacini
- APC Microbiome Ireland and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Biological Sciences and ADAPT Research Centre, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Ireland and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rita M. Hickey
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rizzo SM, Alessandri G, Lugli GA, Fontana F, Tarracchini C, Mancabelli L, Viappiani A, Bianchi MG, Bussolati O, van Sinderen D, Ventura M, Turroni F. Exploring Molecular Interactions between Human Milk Hormone Insulin and Bifidobacteria. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0066523. [PMID: 37191543 PMCID: PMC10269646 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00665-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple millennia of human evolution have shaped the chemical composition of breast milk toward an optimal human body fluid for nutrition and protection and for shaping the early gut microbiota of newborns. This biological fluid is composed of water, lipids, simple and complex carbohydrates, proteins, immunoglobulins, and hormones. Potential interactions between hormones present in mother's milk and the microbial community of the newborn are a very fascinating yet unexplored topic. In this context, insulin, in addition to being one of the most prevalent hormones in breast milk, is also involved in a metabolic disease that affects many pregnant women, i.e., gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Analysis of 3,620 publicly available metagenomic data sets revealed that the bifidobacterial community varies in relation to the different concentrations of this hormone in breast milk of healthy and diabetic mothers. Starting from this assumption, in this study, we explored possible molecular interactions between this hormone and bifidobacterial strains that represent bifidobacterial species commonly occurring in the infant gut using 'omics' approaches. Our findings revealed that insulin modulates the bifidobacterial community by apparently improving the persistence of the Bifidobacterium bifidum taxon in the infant gut environment compared to other typical infant-associated bifidobacterial species. IMPORTANCE Breast milk is a key factor in modulating the infant's intestinal microbiota composition. Even though the interaction between human milk sugars and bifidobacteria has been extensively studied, there are other bioactive compounds in human milk that may influence the gut microbiota, such as hormones. In this article, the molecular interaction of the human milk hormone insulin and the bifidobacterial communities colonizing the human gut in the early stages of life has been explored. This molecular cross talk was assessed using an in vitro gut microbiota model and then analyzed by various omics approaches, allowing the identification of genes associated with bacterial cell adaptation/colonization in the human intestine. Our findings provide insights into the manner by which assembly of the early gut microbiota may be regulated by host factors such as hormones carried by human milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mirjam Rizzo
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- GenProbio srl, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano G. Bianchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Microbiome Research Hub”, University of Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brunelli L, De Vitis V, Ferrari R, Minuzzo M, Fiore W, Jäger R, Taverniti V, Guglielmetti S. In vitro assessment of the probiotic properties of an industrial preparation containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei in the context of athlete health. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:857987. [PMID: 36016576 PMCID: PMC9397523 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.857987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense physical activity is often associated with undesirable physiological changes, including increased inflammation, transient immunodepression, increased susceptibility to infections, altered intestinal barrier integrity, and increased oxidative stress. Several trials suggested that probiotics supplementation may have beneficial effects on sport-associated gastro-intestinal and immune disorders. Recently, in a placebo-controlled human trial, the AminoAlta™ probiotic formulation (AApf) was demonstrated to increase the absorption of amino acids from pea protein, suggesting that the administration of AApf could overcome the compositional limitations of plant proteins. In this study, human cell line models were used to assess in vitro the potential capacity of AApf to protect from the physiological damages that an intense physical activity may cause. The obtained results revealed that the bacteria in the AApf have the ability to adhere to differentiated Caco-2 epithelial cell layer. In addition, the AApf was shown to reduce the activation of NF-κB in Caco-2 cells under inflammatory stimulation. Notably, this anti-inflammatory activity was enhanced in the presence of partially hydrolyzed plant proteins. The AApf also triggered the expression of cytokines by the THP-1 macrophage model in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, the expression of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α was higher than that of the regulatory cytokine IL-10, resembling a cytokine profile characteristic of M1 phenotype, which typically intervene in counteracting bacterial and viral infections. Finally, AApf was shown to reduce transepithelial permeability and increase superoxide dismutase activity in the Caco-2 cell model. In conclusion, this study suggests that the AApf may potentially provide a spectrum of benefits useful to dampen the gastro-intestinal and immune detrimental consequences of an intense physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI, United States
| | - Valentina Taverniti
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Simone Guglielmetti,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
FAYEMI OE, AKANNI GB, SOBOWALE SS, OELOFSE A, BUYS EM. Potential for increasing folate contents of traditional African fermented sorghum gruel (Motoho) using presumptive probiotic lactic acid bacteria. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Sadiq FA, Hansen MF, Burmølle M, Heyndrickx M, Flint S, Lu W, Chen W, Zhang H. Towards understanding mechanisms and functional consequences of bacterial interactions with members of various kingdoms in complex biofilms that abound in nature. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6595875. [PMID: 35640890 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial world represents a phenomenal diversity of microorganisms from different kingdoms of life which occupy an impressive set of ecological niches. Most, if not all, microorganisms once colonise a surface develop architecturally complex surface-adhered communities which we refer to as biofilms. They are embedded in polymeric structural scaffolds serve as a dynamic milieu for intercellular communication through physical and chemical signalling. Deciphering microbial ecology of biofilms in various natural or engineered settings has revealed co-existence of microorganisms from all domains of life, including Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. The coexistence of these dynamic microbes is not arbitrary, as a highly coordinated architectural setup and physiological complexity show ecological interdependence and myriads of underlying interactions. In this review, we describe how species from different kingdoms interact in biofilms and discuss the functional consequences of such interactions. We highlight metabolic advances of collaboration among species from different kingdoms, and advocate that these interactions are of great importance and need to be addressed in future research. Since trans-kingdom biofilms impact diverse contexts, ranging from complicated infections to efficient growth of plants, future knowledge within this field will be beneficial for medical microbiology, biotechnology, and our general understanding of microbial life in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | - Mads Frederik Hansen
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Steve Flint
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Private Bag, 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wenwei Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Du Y, Li H, Shao J, Wu T, Xu W, Hu X, Chen J. Adhesion and Colonization of the Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum HC-2 in the Intestine of Litopenaeus Vannamei Are Associated With Bacterial Surface Proteins. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:878874. [PMID: 35535252 PMCID: PMC9076606 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.878874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface proteins are a type of proteins expressed on the surface of bacteria that play an important role in cell wall synthesis, maintenance of cell morphology, and signaling with the host. Our previous study showed that the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum HC-2 improved the growth performance and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei. To further investigate the probiotic mechanism, we determined the automatic aggregation ability of the bacteria and surface hydrophobicity of HC-2 after being treated with 5 M of lithium chloride (LiCl) and observed the morphology and adhesion of the bacteria to HCT116 cells. The results showed that with the removal of the HC-2 surface protein, the auto-aggregation ability and surface hydrophobicity of HC-2 decreased, and the crude mucus layer coated on the bacterial surface gradually dissociated. The adhesion rate of HC-2 to HCT116 cells decreased from 98.1 to 20.9%. Moreover, a total of 201 unique proteins were identified from the mixture of the surface proteins by mass spectrometry (MS). Several proteins are involved in transcription and translation, biosynthetic or metabolic process, cell cycle or division, cell wall synthesis, and emergency response. Meanwhile, a quantitative real-time PCR qPCR_ showed that HC-2 was mainly colonized in the midgut of shrimp, and the colonization numbers were 15 times higher than that in the foregut, while the colonization rate in the hindgut was lower. The adhesion activity measurement showed that the adhesion level of HC-2 to crude intestinal mucus of L. vannamei was higher than that of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and collagen, and the adhesion capacity of the bacterial cells decreased with the extension of LiCl-treatment time. Finally, we identified the elongation factor Tu, Type I glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, small heat shock protein, and 30S ribosomal protein from the surface proteins, which may be the adhesion proteins of HC-2 colonization in the shrimp intestine. The above results indicate that surface proteins play an important role in maintaining the cell structure stability and cell adhesion. Surface proteomics analysis contributes to describing potential protein-mediated probiotic-host interactions. The identification of some interacting proteins in this work may be beneficial to further understand the adhesion/colonization mechanism and probiotic properties of L. plantarum HC-2 in the shrimp intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianchun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - WenLong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaoman Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The In Vitro Analysis of Postbiotics in Functional Labneh to Be Used as Powerful Tool to Improve Cell Surfaces Properties and Adherence Potential of Probiotic Strains. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postbiotics are functional bioactive substances manufactured during fermentation in a food matrix, which can be used to improve human health, but their influence on the adhesion potential and physicochemical cell surface of probiotics is still unclear. We examined the postbiotic influence produced by Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in functional labneh on cell surface properties (auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, and co-aggregation) and the adhesion capacities of three probiotic strains. The most commonly detected effects of probiotics, particularly Lsyn−7, were an increase in auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, co-aggregation, and adhesion ability of the tested strains. Lactobacillus rhamnosus with Lsyn−7 (59%) presented the highest hydrophobicity, whereas the least adhesion to xylene was detected in L. rhamnosus with LHM. Lactobacillus casei with Lsyn−7 showed the highest auto-aggregation after 24 h (60.55%). Moreover, it also has a strong adhesion to Caco-2 cells and effectively prevents the binding of Salmonella Typhimurium to Caco-2 cells. Lactobacillus plantarum with Lsyn−7 presented the strongest co-aggregation with Staphylococcus aureus (85.1%), S. Typhimurium (85.02%) and Listeria monocytogenes (77.4%). The adherence potential of tested probiotic strains was highly correlated with auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, co-aggregation, and competitive inhibition of L. monocytogenes and S. Typhimurium. The findings suggest that Lsyn−7 can be a candidate to promote the adhesion potential of selected probiotic strains. For the reason that the application of probiotic strains has been more interested in their positive influences in the gastrointestinal tract, it is essential to use some functional compounds, such as postbiotics, to improve adhesion abilities and cell surface properties in terms of bacterial binding.
Collapse
|
11
|
Native and Engineered Probiotics: Promising Agents against Related Systemic and Intestinal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020594. [PMID: 35054790 PMCID: PMC8775704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is a dynamic balance involving the interaction between the host intestinal mucosa, immune barrier, intestinal microecology, nutrients, and metabolites. Once homeostasis is out of balance, it will increase the risk of intestinal diseases and is also closely associated with some systemic diseases. Probiotics (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium butyricum, lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium spp.), maintaining the gut homeostasis through direct interaction with the intestine, can also exist as a specific agent to prevent, alleviate, or cure intestinal-related diseases. With genetic engineering technology advancing, probiotics can also show targeted therapeutic properties. The aims of this review are to summarize the roles of potential native and engineered probiotics in oncology, inflammatory bowel disease, and obesity, discussing the therapeutic applications of these probiotics.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ishikawa E, Yamada T, Yamaji K, Serata M, Fujii D, Umesaki Y, Tsuji H, Nomoto K, Ito M, Okada N, Nagaoka M, Gomi A. Critical roles of a housekeeping sortase of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum in bacterium-host cell crosstalk. iScience 2021; 24:103363. [PMID: 34825137 PMCID: PMC8603203 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium bifidum YIT 10347 (BF-1) is adhesive in vitro. Here we studied the molecular aspects of the BF-1 adhesion process. We identified and characterized non-adhesive mutants and found that a class E housekeeping sortase was critical for the adhesion to mucin. These mutants were significantly less adhesive to GCIY cells than was the wild type (WT), which protected GCIY cells against acid treatment more than did a non-adhesive mutant. The non-adhesive mutants aberrantly accumulated precursors of putative sortase-dependent proteins (SDPs). Recombinant SDPs bound to mucin. Disruption of the housekeeping sortase influenced expression of SDPs and pilus components. Mutants defective in a pilin or in an SDP showed the same adhesion properties as WT. Therefore, multiple SDPs and pili seem to work cooperatively to achieve adhesion, and the housekeeping sortase is responsible for cell wall anchoring of its substrates to ensure their proper biological function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Ishikawa
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamada
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yamaji
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Masaki Serata
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Daichi Fujii
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Umesaki
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tsuji
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Koji Nomoto
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan.,Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okada
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Masato Nagaoka
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Atsushi Gomi
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Du M, Xie X, Yang S, Li Y, Jiang T, Yang J, Li L, Huang Y, Wu Q, Chen W, Zhang J. Lysozyme-like Protein Produced by Bifidobacterium longum Regulates Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216480. [PMID: 34770899 PMCID: PMC8587964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular secreted protein of Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the human intestinal microenvironment. However, the mechanism(s) of interaction remain unclear. Lysozyme is a kind of antibacterial peptide. In this study, the amino acid sequence of a lysozyme-like protein of B. longum based on whole-genome data of an isolate from human gut feces was found. We further predicted functional domains from the amino acid sequence, purified the protein, and verified its bioactivity. The growth of some bacteria were significantly delayed by the 020402_LYZ M1 protein. In addition, the gut microbiota was analyzed via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and an in vitro fermentation model, and the fluctuations in the gut microbiota under the treatment of 020402_LYZ M1 protein were characterized. The 020402_LYZ M1 protein affected the composition of human gut microbiota significantly, implying that the protein is able to communicate with intestinal microbes as a regulatory factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.D.); (S.Y.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Shuanghong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.D.); (S.Y.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Juan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Longyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Yunxiao Huang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.D.); (S.Y.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taverniti V, Cesari V, Gargari G, Rossi U, Biddau C, Lecchi C, Fiore W, Arioli S, Toschi I, Guglielmetti S. Probiotics Modulate Mouse Gut Microbiota and Influence Intestinal Immune and Serotonergic Gene Expression in a Site-Specific Fashion. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:706135. [PMID: 34539604 PMCID: PMC8441017 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.706135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic microorganisms may benefit the host by influencing diverse physiological processes, whose nature and underlying mechanisms are still largely unexplored. Animal models are a unique tool to understand the complexity of the interactions between probiotic microorganisms, the intestinal microbiota, and the host. In this regard, in this pilot study, we compared the effects of 5-day administration of three different probiotic bacterial strains (Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb23sg, Lactobacillus helveticus MIMLh5, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG) on three distinct murine intestinal sites (ileum, cecum, and colon). All probiotics preferentially colonized the cecum and colon. In addition, probiotics reduced in the ileum and increased in the cecum and colon the relative abundance of numerous bacterial taxonomic units. MIMBb23sg and DG increased the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the ileum, which is involved in epithelial homeostasis. In addition, MIMBb23sg upregulated cytokine IL-10 in the ileum and downregulated the cyclooxygenase COX-2 in the colon, suggesting an anti-inflammatory/regulatory activity. MIMBb23sg significantly affected the expression of the main gene involved in serotonin synthesis (TPH1) and the gene coding for the serotonin reuptake protein (SERT) in the ileum and colon, suggesting a potential propulsive effect toward the distal part of the gut, whereas the impact of MIMLh5 and DG on serotonergic genes suggested an effect toward motility control. The three probiotics decreased the expression of the permeability marker zonulin in gut distal sites. This preliminary in vivo study demonstrated the safety of the tested probiotic strains and their common ability to modulate the intestinal microbiota. The probiotics affected host gene expression in a strain-specific manner. Notably, the observed effects in the gut were site dependent. This study provides a rationale for investigating the effects of probiotics on the serotonergic system, which is a topic still widely unexplored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Taverniti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Cesari
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Rossi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Biddau
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Lecchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Arioli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Toschi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Albuquerque-Souza E, Ishikawa KH, Amado PP, Nicoli JR, Holzhausen M, Mayer MPA. Probiotics improve re-epithelialization of scratches infected by Porphyromonas gingivalis through up-regulating CXCL8-CXCR1/CXCR2 axis. Anaerobe 2021; 72:102458. [PMID: 34547426 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibits the release of CXCL8 by gingival epithelial cells and reduces their proliferation. We previously reported that Bifidocaterium sp. and Lactobacillus sp. immunomodulate gingival epithelial cells response to this periodontal pathogen, but their effects on re-epithelialization properties are still unknown. Herein we explored these activities of potential probiotics on gingival epithelial cells and clarified their mechanisms. The immortalized OBA-9 lineage was used to perform in vitro scratches. Twelve clinical isolates and commercially available strains of Bifidobacterium sp. and Lactobacillus sp. were screened. L. casei 324 m and B. pseudolongum 1191A were selected to perform mechanistic assays with P. gingivalis W83 infection and the following parameters were measured: percentage of re-epithelialization by DAPI immunofluorescence area measurement; cell number by Trypan Blue exclusion assay; CXCL8 regulation by ELISA and RT-qPCR; and expression of CXCL8 cognate receptors-CXCR1 and CXCR2 by Flow Cytometry. Complementary mechanistic assays were performed with CXCL8, in the presence or absence of the CXCR1/CXCR2 inhibitor-reparixin. L. casei 324 m and B. pseudolongum 1191A enhanced re-epithelialization/cell proliferation as well as inhibited the harmful effects of P. gingivalis W83 on these activities through an increase in the expression and release of CXCL8 and in the number of cells positive for CXCR1/CXCR2. Further, we revealed that the beneficial effects of these potential probiotics were dependent on activation of the CXCL8-CXCR1/CXCR2 axis. The current findings indicate that these potential probiotics strains may improve wound healing in the context of the periodontal tissues by a CXCL8 dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Albuquerque-Souza
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karin Hitomi Ishikawa
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Penas Amado
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jacques Robert Nicoli
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marinella Holzhausen
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia P A Mayer
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Agbemavor WSK, Buys EM. Presumptive probiotic bacteria from traditionally fermented African food challenge the adhesion of enteroaggregative
E. coli
. J Food Saf 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wisdom Selorm Kofi Agbemavor
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Lynnwood Rd, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa
| | - Elna Maria Buys
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Lynnwood Rd, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002 South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Uriot O, Kebouchi M, Lorson E, Galia W, Denis S, Chalancon S, Hafeez Z, Roux E, Genay M, Blanquet-Diot S, Dary-Mourot A. Identification of Streptococcus thermophilus Genes Specifically Expressed under Simulated Human Digestive Conditions Using R-IVET Technology. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061113. [PMID: 34064045 PMCID: PMC8224003 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite promising health effects, the probiotic status of Streptococcus thermophilus, a lactic acid bacterium widely used in dairy industry, requires further documentation of its physiological status during human gastrointestinal passage. This study aimed to apply recombinant-based in vivo technology (R-IVET) to identify genes triggered in a S. thermophilus LMD-9 reference strain under simulated digestive conditions. First, the R-IVET chromosomal cassette and plasmid genomic library were designed to positively select activated genes. Second, recombinant clones were introduced into complementary models mimicking the human gut, the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) gastrointestinal model imitating the human stomach and small intestine, the Caco-2 TC7 cell line as a model of intestinal epithelium, and anaerobic batch cultures of human feces as a colon model. All inserts of activated clones displayed a promoter activity that differed from one digestive condition to another. Our results also showed that S. thermophilus adapted its metabolism to stressful conditions found in the gastric and colonic competitive environment and modified its surface proteins during adhesion to Caco-2 TC7 cells. Activated genes were investigated in a collection of S. thermophilus strains showing various resistance levels to gastrointestinal stresses, a first stage in the identification of gut resistance markers and a key step in probiotic selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Uriot
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Mounira Kebouchi
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Emilie Lorson
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Wessam Galia
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- UMR 5557 Microbial Ecology, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy L’Etoile, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Zeeshan Hafeez
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Emeline Roux
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- INRIA/IRISA, GenScale Bioinformatics Team, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Magali Genay
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Annie Dary-Mourot
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Taniguchi M, Nambu M, Katakura Y, Yamasaki-Yashiki S. Adhesion mechanisms of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis JCM 10602 to dietary fiber. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2021; 40:59-64. [PMID: 33520570 PMCID: PMC7817516 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2020-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adherence of probiotics to dietary fibers present in the intestinal tract may affect
adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. The properties of the adhesion of bifidobacteria
to mucin or epithelial cells have been well studied; however, adhesion of bifidobacteria
to dietary fiber has not been investigated. The adhesion ratio of six
Bifidobacterium strains to cellulose and chitin was examined; among the
strains, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis JCM
10602 showed high adherence to both cellulose and chitin, and two strains showed high
adherence to only chitin. The ratios of adhesion of B. animalis to
cellulose and chitin were positively and negatively correlated with ionic strength,
respectively. These data suggest that hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions are
involved in the adhesion to cellulose and chitin, respectively. The adhesion ratios of the
cells in the late logarithmic phase to cellulose and chitin decreased by approximately 40%
and 70% of the cells in the early logarithmic phase, respectively. Furthermore, the
adhesion ratio to cellulose decreased with increasing bile concentration regardless of the
culture phase of the cells. On the other hand, the adhesion ratio to chitin of cells in
the early logarithmic phase decreased with increasing bile concentration; however, that of
cells in the late logarithmic phase increased slightly, suggesting that adhesins differ
depending on the culture phase. Our results indicated the importance of considering
adhesion to both dietary fibers and the intestinal mucosa when using bifidobacteria as
probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Taniguchi
- Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering Major, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Minori Nambu
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katakura
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Shino Yamasaki-Yashiki
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
An evaluation of the effects of probiotics on tumoral necrosis factor (TNF-α) signaling and gene expression. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 57:27-38. [PMID: 33162326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The search for functional foods containing probiotics has been growing due to numerous benefits they provide to health, such as modulation of the immune system and of the anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α. However, the mechanisms of actions of the probiotics responsible for this inhibition have not been completely explained so far. A better understanding of the interaction between probiotics and cell signaling pathways related to inflammatory processes shall help to prevent inflammatory bowel diseases. Therefore, the aim of this revision is to help understand the mechanisms of action of probiotics in cell signaling pathways that regulate TNF-α expression. Probiotics might act at different points of the MAPK pathway, on NF-kB, on proteasome activity, on Toll-like receptors, and on their regulators and stimuli. The present revision reaches the conclusion that probiotics act through multiple mechanisms, especially by inhibiting IkB phosphorylation and degradation, thus preventing the translocation of NF-kB. Effects are also shown to be strain-specific, and probiotics of the genus Lactobacillus are proved to play and essential role in anti-inflammatory activity.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abd El-Ghany WA. Paraprobiotics and postbiotics: Contemporary and promising natural antibiotics alternatives and their applications in the poultry field. Open Vet J 2020; 10:323-330. [PMID: 33282704 PMCID: PMC7703615 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v10i3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the high rise of drug resistance in microbial populations, there has been a surge in researches to find new natural antibiotics alternative compounds that can be used safely in both humans and animals. The main goals of using this category of alternatives are maintaining the gut microbiome in healthy conditions and preventing the attachment of pathogenic organisms at the early life stages. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have been widely used for several years as growth promoters and as preventive measures against several enteric pathogens with successful results. Recently, paraprobiotics and postbiotics are derivatives of probiotic cultures and have been used in humans, animals, and poultry. They are regarded as immunostimulators, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, and anti-microbial, as well as growth promoters. Till now, there is scanty information about the use of paraprobiotics and postbiotics in animals or in the poultry sector. Accordingly, this review article has focused on defining these new categories of natural alternatives with descriptions of their types, functions, and uses, especially in the poultry field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Abd El-Ghany
- Poultry Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang G, Zhao J, Wen R, Zhu X, Liu L, Li C. 2'-Fucosyllactose promotes Bifidobacterium bifidum DNG6 adhesion to Caco-2 cells. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:9825-9834. [PMID: 32896399 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion to the intestinal mucosa is the prerequisite for bifidobacteria to colonize and exert biological functions, whereas the choice of carbon source affects the ability of bifidobacteria to adhere to and interact with intestinal epithelial cells. However, knowledge about the relationship between human milk oligosaccharide consumption by bifidobacteria and its adhesion is still limited. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) as the carbon source on the growth and adhesion properties of Bifidobacterium bifidum DNG6, and make comparisons with galactooligosaccharides and glucose. We found that the growth and adhesion properties of B. bifidum DNG6 grown in different carbon sources were varied. The 2'-FL as a carbon source improves the adhesion ability of B. bifidum DNG6. The expression of adhesion-associated genes was significantly higher in B. bifidum DNG6 grown in 2'-FL after incubation with Caco-2 cells compared with that in galactooligosaccharides and glucose. Our results indicated that 2'-FL may promote B. bifidum DNG6 adhesion to Caco-2 cells through high expression of genes encoding adhesion proteins. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the involvement of human milk oligosaccharides in the adhesion of bifidobacteria and further support the potential application of 2'-FL as a prebiotic in infant nutritional supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Rong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xumeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Libo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Longhi G, van Sinderen D, Ventura M, Turroni F. Microbiota and Cancer: The Emerging Beneficial Role of Bifidobacteria in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:575072. [PMID: 33013813 PMCID: PMC7507897 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.575072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many intestinal bacteria are believed to be involved in various inflammatory and immune processes that influence tumor etiology because of their metabolic properties and their ability to alter the microbiota homeostasis. Although many functions of the microbiota are still unclear, there is compelling experimental evidence showing that the intestinal microbiota is able to modulate carcinogenesis and the response to anticancer therapies, both in the intestinal tract and other body sites. Among the wide variety of gut-colonizing microorganisms, various species belonging to the Bifidobacterium genus are believed to elicit beneficial effects on human physiology and on the host-immune system. Recent findings, based on preclinical mouse models and on human clinical trials, have demonstrated the impact of gut commensals including bifidobacteria on the efficacy of tumor-targeting immunotherapy. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure, bifidobacteria and other microorganisms have become a promising aid to immunotherapeutic procedures that are currently applied to treat cancer. The present review focuses on strategies to recruit the microbiome in order to enhance anticancer responses and develop therapies aimed at fighting the onset and progression of malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Longhi
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- Alimentary Pharmabotic Centre (APC) Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The Infant-Derived Bifidobacterium bifidum Strain CNCM I-4319 Strengthens Gut Functionality. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091313. [PMID: 32872165 PMCID: PMC7565306 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are among the first colonisers of the gastrointestinal tract of breast-fed newborns due to, among other things, their ability to metabolise oligosaccharides naturally occurring in human milk. The presence of bifidobacteria in the infant gut has been shown to promote intestinal health and homeostasis as well as to preserve a functional gut barrier, thus positively influencing host health and well-being. Among human-associated gut commensals, Bifidobacterium bifidum has been described as the only species capable of the extracellular degradation of both mucin-type glycans and HMOs, thereby giving this species a special role as a commensal gut forager of both host and diet-derived glycans. In the present study, we assess the possible beneficial properties and probiotic potential of B. bifidum strain CNCM I-4319. In silico genome analysis and growth experiments confirmed the expected ability of this strain to consume HMOs and mucin. By employing various animal models, we were also able to assess the ability of B. bifidum CNCM I-4319 to preserve gut integrity and functionality from stress-induced and inflammatory damage, thereby enforcing its potential as an effective probiotic strain.
Collapse
|
24
|
Fiore W, Arioli S, Guglielmetti S. The Neglected Microbial Components of Commercial Probiotic Formulations. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081177. [PMID: 32756409 PMCID: PMC7464440 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Producers of probiotic products are legally required to indicate on the label only the minimum numbers of viable microorganisms at the end of shelf life expressed as colony-forming units (CFUs). Label specifications, however, describe only a fraction of the actual microbiological content of a probiotic formulation. This paper describes the microbiological components of a probiotic product that are not mentioned on the label, such as the actual number of CFUs, the presence of viable cells that cannot generate colonies on agar plates, and the abundance of dead cells. These “hidden” microbial fractions in probiotic products, the abundance of which may change during the shelf life, can promote biological responses in the host. Therefore, they should not be ignored because they may influence the efficacy and can be relevant for immunocompromised or fragile consumers. In conclusion, we propose the minimum requirements for microbiological characterization of probiotic products to be adopted for label specifications and clinical studies.
Collapse
|
25
|
Andresen V, Gschossmann J, Layer P. Heat-inactivated Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75 (SYN-HI-001) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 5:658-666. [PMID: 32277872 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75 is one of a few probiotic strains that have been shown to be effective in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and its symptoms. Non-viable strains might have advantages over viable bacteria for product stability and standardisation, as well as for tolerability because safety concerns have been raised for specific patient groups who are susceptible to infection. We aimed to assess the efficacy of non-viable, heat-inactivated (HI) B bifidum MIMBb75 (SYN-HI-001) in the treatment of IBS and its symptoms. METHODS We did a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which patients with IBS were recruited from 20 study sites in Germany and randomly assigned to receive either two placebo capsules or two capsules with a combined total of 1 × 109 non-viable B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 cells to be taken orally once a day for 8 weeks. Eligible patients were diagnosed with IBS according to Rome III criteria and had abdominal pain (≥4 on an 11-point numerical rating scale) on at least 2 days during a 2-week run-in phase. Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, systemic diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases, with an intake of antipsychotic medications 3 months before study start, or with an intake of systemic corticosteroids within 1 month before study start were excluded. Randomisation was in a 1:1 ratio according to a computer-generated blocked list. Patients, investigators, clinical monitors, project managers, and statisticians were masked to the randomisation. The primary composite endpoint was the combination of at least 30% improvement of abdominal pain and adequate relief of overall IBS symptoms being fulfilled in at least 4 of 8 weeks during treatment. Analysis of the primary endpoint included all randomly assigned patients receiving at least one dose of study medication and who had no severe protocol violation. Safety analysis included all patients who had taken at least one dose of the study medication and was based on frequency and severity of adverse events, laboratory evaluation, and global assessment of tolerability. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN14066467, and is completed: the results shown here represent the final analysis. FINDINGS Patients were screened between April 15, 2016, and Feb 3, 2017, and 443 patients were allocated to the placebo group (n=222) or the B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 group (n=221). The composite primary endpoint was reached by 74 (34%) of 221 patients in the B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 group compared with 43 (19%) of 222 in the placebo group (risk ratio 1·7, 95% CI 1·3-2·4; p=0·0007). No serious adverse events occurred in the B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 group; seven adverse events suspected to be related to the study product were reported in the B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 group as were eight in the placebo group. No deaths were reported in this study. The most common reported adverse event with a suspected relationship to the study product was abdominal pain, which was reported in two (<1%) patients in the B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 group and one (<1%) in the placebo group. Tolerability was rated as very good or good by 200 (91%) patients in the B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 group compared with 191 (86%) in the placebo group. INTERPRETATION This study shows that B bifidum HI-MIMBb75 substantially alleviates IBS and its symptoms in a real-life setting. These results indicate that specific beneficial bacterial effects are mediated independently of cell viability. FUNDING Synformulas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viola Andresen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Israelitic Hospital, University of Hamburg Teaching Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Layer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Israelitic Hospital, University of Hamburg Teaching Hospital, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alessandri G, Ossiprandi MC, MacSharry J, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. Bifidobacterial Dialogue With Its Human Host and Consequent Modulation of the Immune System. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2348. [PMID: 31632412 PMCID: PMC6779802 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since bifidobacteria are among the pioneering colonizers of the human infant gut, their interaction with their host is believed to start soon following birth. Several members of the Bifidobacterium genus are purported to exert various health-promoting effects at local and systemic levels, e.g., limiting pathogen colonization/invasion, influencing gut homeostasis, and influencing the immune system through changes in innate and/or adaptive immune responses. This has promoted extensive research efforts to shed light on the precise mechanisms by which bifidobacteria are able to stimulate and interact with the host immune system. These studies uncovered a variety of secreted or surface-associated molecules that act as essential mediators for the establishment of a bifidobacteria-host immune system dialogue, and that allow interactions with mucosa-associated immune cells. Additionally, the by-products generated from bifidobacterial carbohydrate metabolism act as vectors that directly and indirectly trigger the host immune response, the latter by stimulating growth of other commensal microorganisms such as propionate- or butyrate-producing bacteria. This review is aimed to provide a comprehensive overview on the wide variety of strategies employed by bifidobacteria to engage with the host immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Alessandri
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Ossiprandi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - John MacSharry
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wen B, Taibi A, Villa CR, Lee SH, Sagaidak S, Comelli EM. Effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum in Mice Infected with Citrobacter rodentium. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7020051. [PMID: 30769786 PMCID: PMC6407003 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that selected Bifidobacterium bifidum strains sustain intestinal homeostasis. This study aimed to examine whether the administration of B. bifidum MIMBb75 (BB75) attenuates Citrobacter rodentium infection, a murine model for enteric infection and inflammatory bowel disease in humans. C57Bl6/J mice were randomized to receive BB75 daily starting before or after C. rodentium infection. BB75 load and infection kinetics were monitored. On day 10 post-infection (p.i.), histological parameters of the large intestine were assessed. Barrier integrity was evaluated by pathogen translocation to secondary organs and in vivo permeability test. Fecal C. rodentium load peaked at 1010 CFU/g at day 10 p.i., with clearance at day 24 p.i., regardless of probiotic treatment. BB75 administration resulted in 107 cells/g of feces with no effect of timing of administration. BB75 treatment did not attenuate C. rodentium-induced crypt hyperplasia nor inflammation. C. rodentium and BB75 can co-exist in the gut with no mutual displacement. However, BB75 cannot counteract C. rodentium pathology. Our findings provide insight for the understanding of probiotics behavior and their clinical relevance in intestinal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bijun Wen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Amel Taibi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Christopher R Villa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Shin-Hann Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Sofia Sagaidak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Elena M Comelli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Albuquerque‐Souza E, Balzarini D, Ando‐Suguimoto ES, Ishikawa KH, Simionato MRL, Holzhausen M, Mayer MPA. Probiotics alter the immune response of gingival epithelial cells challenged byPorphyromonas gingivalis. J Periodontal Res 2018; 54:115-127. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Albuquerque‐Souza
- Division of PeriodonticsDepartment of StomatologySchool of DentistryUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
- Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Danilo Balzarini
- Division of PeriodonticsDepartment of StomatologySchool of DentistryUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ellen S. Ando‐Suguimoto
- Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Karin H. Ishikawa
- Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria R. L. Simionato
- Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marinella Holzhausen
- Division of PeriodonticsDepartment of StomatologySchool of DentistryUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcia P. A. Mayer
- Division of PeriodonticsDepartment of StomatologySchool of DentistryUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
- Department of MicrobiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Deshpande G, Athalye-Jape G, Patole S. Para-probiotics for Preterm Neonates-The Next Frontier. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070871. [PMID: 29976885 PMCID: PMC6073938 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current evidence supports the use of probiotics in preterm neonates for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis, mortality and late onset sepsis. Despite the strong evidence, the uptake of this intervention has not been universal due to concerns including probiotic sepsis, pro-inflammatory response and transmission of antibiotic resistance. Critically ill extremely preterm neonates with potentially compromised gut integrity are at higher risk of probiotic sepsis due to translocation. In most countries, probiotics are sold as food supplements with poor quality control. The traditional definition of probiotics as “live microorganisms” has been challenged as many experts have questioned the importance of viability in the context of the beneficial effects of probiotics. Paraprobiotics (ghost probiotics), are defined as non-viable microbial cells (intact or broken) or crude cell extracts (i.e., with complex chemical composition), which, when administered (orally or topically) in adequate amounts, confer a benefit on the human or animal consumer. Current evidence indicates that paraprobiotics could be safe alternatives to probiotics in preterm neonates. High-quality pre-clinical and clinical studies including adequately powered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are warranted in preterm neonates to explore this new frontier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Girish Deshpande
- Department of Neonatology, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia.
| | - Gayatri Athalye-Jape
- Department of Neonatology, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, WA 6008, Australia.
| | - Sanjay Patole
- Department of Neonatology, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, WA 6008, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Taverniti V, Dalla Via A, Minuzzo M, Del Bo' C, Riso P, Frøkiær H, Guglielmetti S. In vitro assessment of the ability of probiotics, blueberry and food carbohydrates to prevent S. pyogenes adhesion on pharyngeal epithelium and modulate immune responses. Food Funct 2018; 8:3601-3609. [PMID: 28891576 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00829e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Group A streptococci (GAS) cause 20-30% of pediatric pharyngitis episodes, which are a major cause of ambulatory care visits. Therefore, a strategy to prevent GAS dissemination in children could significantly benefit public healthcare. Contextually, we assessed the possibility of employing alternative food-grade strategies to be used with the oral probiotic L. helveticus MIMLh5 for the prevention of pharyngeal infections. First, we demonstrated through an antagonism-by-exclusion assay that guaran may potentially prevent S. pyogenes adhesion on pharyngeal cells. Subsequently, we showed that an anthocyanin-rich fraction extracted from wild blueberry (BbE) exerts anti-inflammatory effects on the human macrophage cell line U937. Finally, we showed that BbE reduces interferon-β expression in MIMLh5-stimulated murine dendritic cells, resulting in a reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and TNF-α. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study indicates that different food-grade strategies may be concomitantly adopted to potentially prevent GAS colonization and modulate local immune defences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Taverniti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nakamura S, Mitsunaga F. Anti-Allergic Effect of Para-Probiotics from Non-Viable Acetic Acid Bacteria in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2018.912099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
32
|
Bifidobacterium bifidum Extracellular Sialidase Enhances Adhesion to the Mucosal Surface and Supports Carbohydrate Assimilation. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.00928-17. [PMID: 28974612 PMCID: PMC5626965 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00928-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium is a natural inhabitant of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We studied the role of the extracellular sialidase (SiaBb2, 835 amino acids [aa]) from Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 15696 in mucosal surface adhesion and carbohydrate catabolism. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) or porcine mucin oligosaccharides as the sole carbon source enhanced B. bifidum growth. This was impaired in a B. bifidum ATCC 15696 strain harboring a mutation in the siabb2 gene. Mutant cells in early to late exponential growth phase also showed decreased adhesion to human epithelial cells and porcine mucin relative to the wild-type strain. These results indicate that SiaBb2 removes sialic acid from HMOs and mucin for metabolic purposes and may promote bifidobacterial adhesion to the mucosal surface. To further characterize SiaBb2-mediated bacterial adhesion, we examined the binding of His-tagged recombinant SiaBb2 peptide to colonic mucins and found that His-SiaBb2 as well as a conserved sialidase domain peptide (aa 187 to 553, His-Sia) bound to porcine mucin and murine colonic sections. A glycoarray assay revealed that His-Sia bound to the α2,6-linked but not to the α2,3-linked sialic acid on sialyloligosaccharide and blood type A antigen [GalNAcα1-3(Fucα1-2)Galβ] at the nonreducing termini of sugar chains. These results suggest that the sialidase domain of SiaBb2 is responsible for this interaction and that the protein recognizes two distinct carbohydrate structures. Thus, SiaBb2 may be involved in Bifidobacterium-mucosal surface interactions as well as in the assimilation of a variety of sialylated carbohydrates. Adhesion to the host mucosal surface and carbohydrate assimilation are important for bifidobacterium colonization and survival in the host gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we investigated the mechanistic basis for B. bifidum extracellular sialidase (SiaBb2)-mediated adhesion. SiaBb2 cleaved sialyl-human milk oligosaccharides and mucin glycans to produce oligosaccharides that supported B. bifidum growth. Moreover, SiaBb2 enhanced B. bifidum adhesion to mucosal surfaces via specific interactions with the α2,6 linkage of sialyloligosaccharide and blood type A antigen on mucin carbohydrates. These findings provide insight into the bifunctional role of SiaBb2 and the adhesion properties of B. bifidum strains.
Collapse
|
33
|
Tahoun A, Masutani H, El-Sharkawy H, Gillespie T, Honda RP, Kuwata K, Inagaki M, Yabe T, Nomura I, Suzuki T. Capsular polysaccharide inhibits adhesion of Bifidobacterium longum 105-A to enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells and phagocytosis by macrophages. Gut Pathog 2017; 9:27. [PMID: 28469711 PMCID: PMC5412050 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-017-0177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bifidobacterium longum 105-A produces markedly high amounts of capsular polysaccharides (CPS) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) that should play distinct roles in bacterial–host interactions. To identify the biological function of B. longum 105-A CPS/EPS, we carried out an informatics survey of the genome and identified the EPS-encoding genetic locus of B. longum 105-A that is responsible for the production of CPS/EPS. The role of CPS/EPS in the adaptation to gut tract environment and bacteria-gut cell interactions was investigated using the ΔcpsD mutant. Results A putative B. longum 105-A CPS/EPS gene cluster was shown to consist of 24 putative genes encoding a priming glycosyltransferase (cpsD), 7 glycosyltransferases, 4 CPS/EPS synthesis machinery proteins, and 3 dTDP-L-rhamnose synthesis enzymes. These enzymes should form a complex system that is involved in the biogenesis of CPS and/or EPS. To confirm this, we constructed a knockout mutant (ΔcpsD) by a double cross-over homologous recombination. Compared to wild-type, the ∆cpsD mutant showed a similar growth rate. However, it showed quicker sedimentation and formation of cell clusters in liquid culture. EPS was secreted by the ∆cpsD mutant, but had altered monosaccharide composition and molecular weight. Comparison of the morphology of B. longum 105-A wild-type and ∆cpsD by negative staining in light and electron microscopy revealed that the formation of fimbriae is drastically enhanced in the ∆cpsD mutant while the B. longum 105-A wild-type was coated by a thick capsule. The fimbriae expression in the ∆cpsD was closely associated with the disappearance of the CPS layer. The wild-type showed low pH tolerance, adaptation, and bile salt tolerance, but the ∆cpsD mutant had lost this survivability in gastric and duodenal environments. The ∆cpsD mutant was extensively able to bind to the human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell line and was phagocytosed by murine macrophage RAW 264.7, whereas the wild-type did not bind to epithelial cells and totally resisted internalization by macrophages. Conclusions Our results suggest that CPS/EPS production and fimbriae formation are negatively correlated and play key roles in the survival, attachment, and colonization of B. longum 105-A in the gut. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-017-0177-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Tahoun
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Hisayoshi Masutani
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Hanem El-Sharkawy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Trudi Gillespie
- CALM_live Imaging Facility, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 47 EH16 4TJ UK
| | - Ryo P Honda
- Department of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Kazuo Kuwata
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Department of Gene and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Mizuho Inagaki
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Tomio Yabe
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Izumi Nomura
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Tohru Suzuki
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Taibi A, Singh N, Chen J, Arioli S, Guglielmetti S, Comelli EM. Time- and strain-specific downregulation of intestinal EPAS1
via miR-148a by Bifidobacterium bifidum. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Taibi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences; University of Toronto; ON Canada
| | - Natasha Singh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences; University of Toronto; ON Canada
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences; University of Toronto; ON Canada
| | - Stefania Arioli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences; University of Toronto; ON Canada
- Department of Food; Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS); University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food; Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS); University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - Elena M. Comelli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences; University of Toronto; ON Canada
- Centre for Child Nutrition and Health; Faculty of Medicine; University of Toronto; ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Vazquez-Gutierrez P, Stevens MJA, Gehrig P, Barkow-Oesterreicher S, Lacroix C, Chassard C. The extracellular proteome of two Bifidobacterium species reveals different adaptation strategies to low iron conditions. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:41. [PMID: 28061804 PMCID: PMC5219805 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3472-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bifidobacteria are among the first anaerobic bacteria colonizing the gut. Bifidobacteria require iron for growth and their iron-sequestration mechanisms are important for their fitness and possibly inhibit enteropathogens. Here we used combined genomic and proteomic analyses to characterize adaptations to low iron conditions of B. kashiwanohense PV20-2 and B. pseudolongum PV8-2, 2 strains isolated from the feces of iron-deficient African infants and selected for their high iron-sequestering ability. Results Analyses of the genome contents revealed evolutionary adaptation to low iron conditions. A ferric and a ferrous iron operon encoding binding proteins and transporters were found in both strains. Remarkably, the ferric iron operon of B. pseudolongum PV8-2 is not found in other B. pseudolongum strains and likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer. The genome B. kashiwanohense PV20-2 harbors a unique region encoding genes putatively involved in siderophore production. Additionally, the secretomes of the two strains grown under low-iron conditions were analyzed using a combined genomic-proteomic approach. A ferric iron transporter was found in the secretome of B. pseudolongum PV8-2, while ferrous binding proteins were detected in the secretome of B. kashiwanohense PV20-2, suggesting different strategies to take up iron in the strains. In addition, proteins such as elongation factors, a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and the stress proteins GroEL and DnaK were identified in both secretomes. These proteins have been previously associated with adhesion of lactobacilli to epithelial cells. Conclusion Analyses of the genome and secretome of B. kashiwanohense PV20-2 and B. pseudolongum PV8-2 revealed different adaptations to low iron conditions and identified extracellular proteins for iron transport. The identified extracellular proteins might be involved in competition for iron in the gastrointestinal tract. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3472-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Vazquez-Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, ETH Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc J A Stevens
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, ETH Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Gehrig
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe Lacroix
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, ETH Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Christophe Chassard
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, ETH Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,Present Address: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR 545 URF, 15000, Aurillac, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sun Y, Zhu DQ, Zhang QX, Pang XH, Sun SR, Liu F, Li AL, Meng XC. The Expression of GroEL Protein Amplified fromBifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactisKLDS 2.0603 and its Role in Competitive Adhesion to Caco-2. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2016.1244769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
37
|
Zakharova YV. FACTORS OF ADHESION OF BIFIDOBACTERIA. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND IMMUNOBIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2016-5-80-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Data on fimbrial and afimbrial adhesion factors of bifidobacteria are presented. Pili-like structures, their composition and conditions of formation in various species of bifidobacteria are described. Several sugar-lytic enzymes serve as afimbrial adhesins in bifidobacteria. Transaldolase and enolase are detected in bifidobacteria on cells’ surface. Transaldolase ensures binding of bifidobacteria with mucin and their auto-aggregation. Surface enolase has an affinity to plasminogen, thus bifidobacteria obtain a surface-bound protein with proteolytic activity. Molecular structures giving bifidobacteria hydrophobic properties are described - surface lipoprotein Bop A and lipoteichoic acids.
Collapse
|
38
|
Consumption of a Bifidobacterium bifidum Strain for 4 Weeks Modulates Dominant Intestinal Bacterial Taxa and Fecal Butyrate in Healthy Adults. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:5850-9. [PMID: 27451450 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01753-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Modulation of the intestinal microbial ecosystem (IME) is a useful target to establish probiotic efficacy in a healthy population. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, crossover, and placebo-controlled intervention study to determine the impact of Bifidobacterium bifidum strain Bb on the IME of adult healthy volunteers of both sexes. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the fecal microbiota before and after 4 weeks of daily probiotic cell consumption. The intake of approximately one billion live B. bifidum cells affected the relative abundance of dominant taxa in the fecal microbiota and modulated fecal butyrate levels. Specifically, Prevotellaceae (P = 0.041) and Prevotella (P = 0.034) were significantly decreased, whereas Ruminococcaceae (P = 0.039) and Rikenellaceae (P = 0.010) were significantly increased. We also observed that the probiotic intervention modulated the fecal concentrations of butyrate in a manner dependent on the initial levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that a single daily administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum strain Bb can significantly modify the IME in healthy (not diseased) adults. These findings demonstrate the need to reassess the notion that probiotics do not influence the complex and stable IME of a healthy individual. IMPORTANCE Foods and supplements claimed to contain health-promoting probiotic microorganisms are everywhere these days and mainly intended for consumption by healthy people. However, it is still debated what actual effects probiotic products may have on the healthy population. In this study, we report the results of an intervention trial aimed at assessing the modifications induced in the intestinal microbial ecosystem of healthy adults from the consumption of a probiotic product. Our results demonstrate that the introduction of a probiotic product in the dietary habits of healthy people may significantly modify dominant taxa of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in the modulation of short-chain fatty acid concentrations in the gut. The overall changes witnessed in the probiotic intervention indicate a mechanism of microbiota modulation that could have potential effects on human health.
Collapse
|
39
|
Ruiz L, Hidalgo C, Blanco-Míguez A, Lourenço A, Sánchez B, Margolles A. Tackling probiotic and gut microbiota functionality through proteomics. J Proteomics 2016; 147:28-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
40
|
Westermann C, Gleinser M, Corr SC, Riedel CU. A Critical Evaluation of Bifidobacterial Adhesion to the Host Tissue. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1220. [PMID: 27547201 PMCID: PMC4974247 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are common inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract that, despite a long history of research, have not shown any pathogenic potential whatsoever. By contrast, some bifidobacteria are associated with a number of health-related benefits for the host. The reported beneficial effects of bifidobacteria include competitive exclusion of pathogens, alleviation of symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, and modulation of intestinal and systemic immune responses. Based on these effects, bifidobacteria are widely used as probiotics by pharmaceutical and dairy industries. In order to exert a beneficial effect bifidobacteria have to, at least transiently, colonize the host in a sufficient population size. Besides other criteria such as resistance to manufacturing processes and intestinal transit, potential probiotic bacteria are tested for adhesion to the host structures including intestinal epithelial cells, mucus, and extracellular matrix components. In the present review article, we summarize the current knowledge on bifidobacterial structures that mediate adhesion to host tissue and compare these to similar structures of pathogenic bacteria. This reveals that most of the adhesive structures and mechanisms involved in adhesion of bifidobacteria to host tissue are similar or even identical to those employed by pathogens to cause disease. It is thus reasonable to assume that these structures and mechanisms are equally important for commensal or probiotic bacteria and play a similar role in the beneficial effects exerted by bifidobacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marita Gleinser
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm Ulm, Germany
| | - Sinéad C Corr
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventative Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christian U Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ruiz L, Delgado S, Ruas-Madiedo P, Margolles A, Sánchez B. Proteinaceous Molecules Mediating Bifidobacterium-Host Interactions. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1193. [PMID: 27536282 PMCID: PMC4971063 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are commensal microoganisms found in the gastrointestinal tract. Several strains have been attributed beneficial traits at local and systemic levels, through pathogen exclusion or immune modulation, among other benefits. This has promoted a growing industrial and scientific interest in bifidobacteria as probiotic supplements. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating this cross-talk with the human host remain unknown. High-throughput technologies, from functional genomics to transcriptomics, proteomics, and interactomics coupled to the development of both in vitro and in vivo models to study the dynamics of the intestinal microbiota and their effects on host cells, have eased the identification of key molecules in these interactions. Numerous secreted or surface-associated proteins or peptides have been identified as potential mediators of bifidobacteria-host interactions and molecular cross-talk, directly participating in sensing environmental factors, promoting intestinal colonization, or mediating a dialogue with mucosa-associated immune cells. On the other hand, bifidobacteria induce the production of proteins in the intestine, by epithelial or immune cells, and other gut bacteria, which are key elements in orchestrating interactions among bifidobacteria, gut microbiota, and host cells. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview on proteinaceous molecules described and characterized to date, as mediators of the dynamic interplay between bifidobacteria and the human host, providing a framework to identify knowledge gaps and future research needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Food Technology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain
| | - Susana Delgado
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Villaviciosa, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bifidobacteria-Insight into clinical outcomes and mechanisms of its probiotic action. Microbiol Res 2016; 192:159-171. [PMID: 27664734 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The invasion of pathogens causes a disruption of the gut homeostasis. Innate immune responses and those triggered by endogenous microbiota form the first line of defence in our body. Pathogens often successfully overcome the resistances offered, calling for therapeutic intervention. Conventional strategy involving antibiotics might eradicate pathogens, but often leave the gut uncolonised and susceptible to recurrences. Probiotic supplements are useful alternatives. Bifidobacterium is one of widely studied probiotic genus, effective in restoring gut homeostasis. Mechanisms of probiotic action of bifidobacteria are several, often with strain-specificity. Analysis of streamlined literature reports reveal that although most studies report the probiotic aspect of bifidobacteria, sporadic documented contradictory results exist, challenging its therapeutic application and prompting studies to unambiguously establish the strain-associated probiotic activity and negate adverse effects prior to its clinical administration. Multi-strain/combinatorial therapy possibly relies on a combination of underlying operating mechanisms, each contributing towards enhanced probiotic efficacy, understanding which could help in developing customised formulations against targeted pathogens. Bifidogenic activity is also mediated by surface-associated structural components such as exopolysaccharides, lipoteichoic acids along with metabolites and bifidocins. This highlights scope for developing advanced structural therapeutic strategy which might be pivotal in replacing intact cell probiotics therapy.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang BG, Wu Y, Qiu L, Shah NP, Xu F, Wei H. Integration of genomic and proteomic data to identify candidate genes in HT-29 cells after incubation with Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 29521. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:6874-6888. [PMID: 27372578 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
As the predominant group inhabiting the human gastrointestinal tract, bifidobacteria play a vital role in human nutrition, therapeutics, and health by shaping and maintaining the gut ecosystem, reducing blood cholesterol, and promoting the supply of nutrients. The interaction between bacterial cells and human intestinal epithelial cell lines has been studied for decades in an attempt to understand the mechanisms of action. These studies, however, have been limited by lack of genomic and proteomic database to aid in achieving comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms at molecular levels. Microarray data (GSE: 74119) coupled with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) were performed to detect differentially expressed genes and proteins in HT-29 cells after incubation with Bifidobacterium bifidum. Real-time quantitative PCR, gene ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were further conducted for mRNA validation, functional annotation, and pathway identification, respectively. According to the results of microarray, 1,717 differentially expressed genes, including 1,693 upregulated and 24 downregulated genes, were selected and classified by the gene ontology database. The iTRAQ analysis identified 43 differentially expressed proteins, where 29 proteins were upregulated and 14 proteins were downregulated. Eighty-two candidate genes showing consistent differences with microarray and iTRAQ were further validated in HT-29 and Caco-2 cells by real-time quantitative PCR. Nine of the top genes showing interesting results with high confidence were further investigated in vivo in mice intestine samples. Integration of genomic and proteomic data provides an approach to identify candidate genes that are more likely to function in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, positive regulation of apoptosis, membrane proteins, and transferase catalysis. These findings might contribute to our understanding of molecular mechanisms regulating the interaction between probiotics and intestinal epithelial cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Gui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
| | - Yaoping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
| | - Liang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P.R. China
| | - Nagendra P Shah
- Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shibahara-Sone H, Gomi A, Iino T, Kano M, Nonaka C, Watanabe O, Miyazaki K, Ohkusa T. Living cells of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum YIT 10347 detected on gastric mucosa in humans. Benef Microbes 2016; 7:319-26. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The probiotic strain Bifidobacterium bifidum YIT 10347 has been demonstrated to inhibit Helicobacter pylori activity, prevent injury to the gastric mucosa, and improve general gastric malaise symptoms in H. pylori positive patients. This study aimed to investigate the adhering activity and localisation of B. bifidum YIT 10347 to gastric cells and tissue in vitro, and in human in vivo to clarify the mechanism of its beneficial effects on the stomach. The in vitro study found the adhesion rate of B. bifidum YIT 10347 to human gastric epithelial cells was about 10 times higher than that of lactic acid bacteria and other bifidobacteria. In the human study, 5 H. pylori negative and 12 H. pylori positive subjects ingested milk fermented with B. bifidum YIT 10347. B. bifidum YIT 10347 cells were measured by RT-qPCR for in gastric biopsy samples. Living B. bifidum YIT 10347 cells were detected in the biopsy samples in H. pylori negative subjects (105 cells/g and 104 cells/g at 1 h and 2 h after ingestion, respectively) and H. pylori positive subjects (104 cells/g at 1 h after the ingestion). Moreover, immunostaining analysis of tissue sections found that B. bifidum YIT 10347 cells were located at the interstitial mucin layer of the stomach. These results suggest that cells of probiotic B. bifidum YIT 10347 adhered to the human gastric mucosa in a live state, and that the higher adhering activity of B. bifidum YIT 10347 to the gastric mucosa may be involved in its beneficial effects on the human stomach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Shibahara-Sone
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - A. Gomi
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - T. Iino
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - M. Kano
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - C. Nonaka
- Faculty of Research and Development, Yakult Honsha, 1-19 Higashi Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8660, Japan
| | - O. Watanabe
- Faculty of Research and Development, Yakult Honsha, 1-19 Higashi Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8660, Japan
| | - K. Miyazaki
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - T. Ohkusa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 163-1 Kashiwashita, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8567, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhu D, Sun Y, Liu F, Li A, Yang L, Meng XC. Identification of surface-associated proteins of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis KLDS 2.0603 by enzymatic shaving. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:5155-5172. [PMID: 27132091 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are commensal microorganisms of the human and animal intestinal tract, and their surface proteins can mediate bacterial communication and chemical sensing in the environment, as well as facilitate interactions between bacteria and the host. However, a systematic study of the outer surface-associated proteome of bifidobacteria has not been undertaken. In the present study, the proteins located on the surface of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis KLDS 2.0603 were systematically identified by a nongel proteomic approach, which consisted of the shaving of the bacterial surface with trypsin and an analysis of the released peptides by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 105 surface-associated proteins were found, of which 15 proteins could potentially be involved in adhesion and interactions between bifidobacteria and the host. The proteins related to adhesion and interaction between bacteria and the host include pilus structure proteins (Fim A, Fim B), 10 moonlighting proteins, an NLP/P60 family protein, an immunogenic secreted protein, and a putative sugar-binding secreted protein. The results provide the basis for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of the interactions between bifidobacteria and the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dequan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; College of Life Sciences, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Chen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wei X, Wang S, Zhao X, Wang X, Li H, Lin W, Lu J, Zhurina D, Li B, Riedel CU, Sun Y, Yuan J. Proteomic Profiling of Bifidobacterium bifidum S17 Cultivated Under In Vitro Conditions. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:97. [PMID: 26903976 PMCID: PMC4751264 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are frequently used in probiotic food and dairy products. Bifidobacterium bifidum S17 is a promising probiotic candidate strain that displays strong adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and elicits potent anti-inflammatory capacity both in vitro and in murine models of colitis. The recently sequenced genome of B. bifidum S17 has a size of about 2.2 Mb and encodes 1,782 predicted protein-coding genes. In the present study, a comprehensive proteomic profiling was carried out to identify and characterize proteins expressed by B. bifidum S17. A total of 1148 proteins entries were identified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), representing 64.4% of the predicted proteome. 719 proteins could be assigned to functional categories according to cluster of orthologous groups of proteins (COGs). The COG distribution of the detected proteins highly correlates with that of the complete predicted proteome suggesting a good coverage and representation of the genomic content of B. bifidum S17 by the proteome. COGs that were highly present in the proteome of B. bifidum S17 were Translation, Amino Acid Transport and Metabolism, and Carbohydrate Transport and Metabolism. Complete sets of enzymes for both the bifidus shunt and the Embden-Meyerh of pathway were identified. Further bioinformatic analysis yielded 28 proteins with a predicted extracellular localization including 14 proteins with an LPxTG-motif for cell wall anchoring and two proteins (elongation factor Tu and enolase) with a potential moonlighting function in adhesion. Amongst the predicted extracellular proteins were five of six pilin proteins encoded in the B. bifidum S17 genome as well as several other proteins with a potential role in interaction with host structures. The presented results are the first compilation of a proteomic reference profile for a B. bifidum strain and will facilitate analysis of the molecular mechanisms of physiology, host-interactions and beneficial effects of a potential probiotic strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wei
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Simiao Wang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Xiangna Zhao
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Huan Li
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Weishi Lin
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Daria Zhurina
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm Ulm, Germany
| | - Boxing Li
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Christian U Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm Ulm, Germany
| | - Yansong Sun
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Identification of Surface Proteins from Lactobacillus casei BL23 Able to Bind Fibronectin and Collagen. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 3:15-20. [PMID: 26781495 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-011-9065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Strains of lactobacilli show the capacity to attach to extracellular matrix proteins. Cell-wall fractions of Lactobacillus casei BL23 enriched in fibronectin, and collagen-binding proteins were isolated. Mass spectrometry analysis of their protein content revealed the presence of stress-related proteins (GroEL, ClpL), translational elongation factors (EF-Tu, EF-G), oligopeptide solute-binding proteins, and the glycolytic enzymes enolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). The latter two enzymes were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins, and their in vitro binding activity to fibronectin and collagen was confirmed. These results reinforce the idea that lactobacilli display on their surfaces a variety of moonlighting proteins that can be important in their adaptation to survive at intestinal mucosal sites and in the interaction with host cells.
Collapse
|
48
|
Quinteiro-Filho WM, Brisbin JT, Hodgins DC, Sharif S. Lactobacillus and Lactobacillus cell-free culture supernatants modulate chicken macrophage activities. Res Vet Sci 2015; 103:170-5. [PMID: 26679813 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacilli are commensal microbes that reside in the intestines of several species, including chickens. Structural constituents of lactobacilli are able to stimulate the host immune system. Macrophages are crucial players in both innate and adaptive immune systems. Here, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus salivarius and their cell-free culture supernatants on the pro-inflammatory gene expression profile, nitric oxide (NO) production and phagocytosis by chicken macrophages. Substantial differences were found among Lactobacillus strains in their capacity to induce pro-inflammatory cytokines. L. acidophilus only up-regulated interferon (IFN)-γ, while L. reuteri and L. salivarius up-regulated interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12 expression. Supernatant of L. salivarius up-regulated IL-1β, IL-8 and IFN-γ expression, while the other cell-free supernatants did not induce significant changes. Moreover, L. reuteri and L. salivarius increased macrophage phagocytosis, but all cell-free supernatants increased macrophage NO production and did not change phagocytosis activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Quinteiro-Filho
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - J T Brisbin
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - D C Hodgins
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - S Sharif
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Grimm V, Radulovic K, Riedel CU. Colonization of C57BL/6 Mice by a Potential Probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum Strain under Germ-Free and Specific Pathogen-Free Conditions and during Experimental Colitis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139935. [PMID: 26439388 PMCID: PMC4595203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of at least some probiotics are restricted to live, metabolically active bacteria at their site of action. Colonization of and persistence in the gastrointestinal tract is thus contributing to the beneficial effects of these strains. In the present study, colonization of an anti-inflammatory Bifidobacterium bifidum strain was studied in C57BL/6J mice under germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions as well as during dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. B. bifidum S17/pMGC was unable to stably colonize C57BL/6J mice under SPF conditions. Mono-association of GF mice by three doses on consecutive days led to long-term, stable detection of up to 109 colony forming units (CFU) of B. bifidum S17/pMGC per g feces. This stable population was rapidly outcompeted upon transfer of mono-associated animals to SPF conditions. A B. animalis strain was isolated from the microbiota of these re-conventionalized mice. This B. animalis strain displayed significantly higher adhesion to murine CMT-93 intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) than to human Caco-2 IECs (p = 0.018). Conversely, B. bifidum S17/pMGC, i.e., a strain of human origin, adhered at significantly higher levels to human compared to murine IECs (p < 0.001). Disturbance of the gut ecology and induction of colitis by DSS-treatment did not promote colonization of the murine gastrointestinal tract (GIT) by B. bifidum S17/pMGC. Despite its poor colonization of the mouse GIT, B. bifidum S17/pMGC displayed a protective effect on DSS-induced colitis when administered as viable bacteria but not as UV-inactivated preparation. Collectively, these results suggest a selective disadvantage of B. bifidum S17/pMGC in the competition with the normal murine microbiota and an anti-inflammatory effect that requires live, metabolically active bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Grimm
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, 89068, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katarina Radulovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, 89068, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian U. Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, 89068, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Suzuki K, Nishiyama K, Miyajima H, Osawa R, Yamamoto Y, Mukai T. Adhesion properties of a putative polymorphic fimbrial subunit protein from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2015; 35:19-27. [PMID: 26858927 PMCID: PMC4735030 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2015-015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, we found that the open reading frame bl0675 in the genome of
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum isolated from human feces encoded a
novel putative fimbrial protein, was highly polymorphic, and had five variants (A, B, C, D, and E types). The
aim of this study was to evaluate the affinity of these variants to porcine colonic mucins (PCMs).
Protein-binding properties were examined using the recombinant BL0675 protein containing a C-terminal 6 × His
tag (His-BL0675). Surface plasmon resonance analysis demonstrated that the His-BL0675 A type had strong
affinity to PCMs (KD = 9.82 × 10−8 M), whereas the B, C, D, and E types
exhibited little or no binding. In a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, His-BL0675 A type binding
was reduced by addition of mucin oligosaccharides, suggesting that the binding occurs via carbohydrate chains
of PCMs. The localization of BL0675 to the B. longum subsp. longum cell
surface was confirmed by western blot analysis using A type polyclonal antibodies. Bacterial adhesion of
B. longum subsp. longum to PCMs was also blocked by A type-specific
antibodies; however, its adhesion properties were strain specific. Our results suggest that the BL0675
variants significantly contribute to the adhesion of B. longum subsp. longum
strains. The expression and the adhesive properties of this protein are affected by genetic polymorphisms and
are specific for B. longum subsp. longum strains. However, further studies
are required on the properties of binding of these putative fimbrial proteins to the human gastrointestinal
tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Suzuki
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan
| | - Keita Nishiyama
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan; Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miyajima
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan
| | - Ro Osawa
- Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamamoto
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan
| | - Takao Mukai
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan
| |
Collapse
|