1
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Zhang Y, Hua ZS, Lu H, Oehmen A, Guo J. Elucidating functional microorganisms and metabolic mechanisms in a novel engineered ecosystem integrating C, N, P and S biotransformation by metagenomics. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 148:219-230. [PMID: 30388523 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Denitrifying sulfur conversion-associated enhanced biological phosphorous removal (DS-EBPR) system is not only a novel wastewater treatment process, but also an ideal model for microbial ecology in a community context. However, it exists the knowledge gap on the roles and interactions of functional microorganisms in the DS-EBPR system for carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) bioconversions. We use genome-resolved metagenomics to build up an ecological model of microbial communities in a lab-scale DS-EBPR system with stable operation for more than 400 days. Our results yield 11 near-complete draft genomes that represent a substantial portion of the microbial community (39.4%). Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) promote complex metabolic processes and interactions for C, N, P and S conversions. Bins 1-4 and 10 are considered as new potential polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), in which Bins 1-4 can be considered as S-related PAOs (S-PAOs) with no previously cultivated or reported members. Our findings give an insight into a new ecological system with C, N, P and S simultaneous bioconversions and improve the understanding of interactions among SRB, SOB, denitrifiers and PAOs within a community context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, PR China
| | - Zheng-Shuang Hua
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, 78 College Street, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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2
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Boyle NR, Morgan JA. Computation of metabolic fluxes and efficiencies for biological carbon dioxide fixation. Metab Eng 2011; 13:150-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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3
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Tsygankov AA, Laurinavichene TV. Influence of the degree and mode of light limitation on growth characteristics of the Rhodobacter capsulatus continuous cultures. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 51:605-12. [PMID: 18629825 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19960905)51:5<605::aid-bit13>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the degree and mode of light limitation on growth characteristics of turbidostat cultures of Rhodobacter capsulatus was investigated using mass and energy balance regularities. Light limitation was achieved by increasing the steady-state biomass concentration at constant incident light intensity ( approximately 100 W/m(2)) or by decreasing the incident light intensity at constant steady-state biomass concentration ( approximately 500 mg of dry biomass/L). It was shown that under conditions of light limitation of Rh. capsulatus, the content of P and N in the biomass as well as the biomass degree of reduction were determined by the growth rate of the cultures. The energetic yield of biomass of Rh. capsulatus and total bacteriochlorophyll a content increased when light limitation increased. These parameters were higher in the cultures, in which light limitation was achieved by lowering the incident light intensity at low biomass concentration. This seems to be due to different distribution of light within the photobioreactor when dissimilar modes of light limitation were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Tsygankov
- Institute of Soil Science and Photosynthesis Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142292, Russia.
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4
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Characterization of thiosulfate-oxidizing Enterobacter hormaechei JH isolated from barnyard manure. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-008-0185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Using Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria for the Removal of Sulfide from Wastewater. SULFUR METABOLISM IN PHOTOTROPHIC ORGANISMS 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6863-8_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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6
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Jeong GS, Kim BW. The influence of light/dark cycle at low light frequency on the desulfurization by a photosynthetic microorganism. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 87:481-8. [PMID: 16232502 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(99)80097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/1998] [Accepted: 01/19/1999] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
H2S dissolved in water can be converted to elementary sulfur or sulfate by the photosynthetic bacterium Chlorobium thiosulfatophilum. The effects of the light/dark cycle on cell growth and the rate of sulfide removal were investigated to develop an appropriate fermentation strategy. Dark fermentation was also studied without addition of H2S and CO2 as electron and carbon sources. Average specific growth rates of bacterial cultures with a continuous supply of H2S and CO2 both in light and dark conditions were occurred in the range of 0.008 to 0.009 h(-1), indicating little dependence on the light/dark cycle, but about 25% of the growth rate that was occurred only in the presence of light. Average H2S removal capacities for cultures grown under the light/dark cycles of 14/10 , 12/12 , and 9/15 h, respectively, with a continuous supply of feed gases, were 0.08, 0.07, and 0.04 micromol H2S.min(-1)/mg protein.l(-1) in the dark, and was slightly less than those in the light. H2S removal capacity with variation of the light/dark cycle was about 30-60% of that obtained in the continuously illuminated cultures. ATP concentration in the dark decreased from 0.43 to 0.37 mg ATP.mg protein(-1) as the daily dark duration decreased from 15 to 10 h. The production rate for lactic acid from a culture grown without a supply of mixtures of H2S and CO2 gases was 0.218 g lactic acid.l(-1).h(-1), much more than that grown with a supply of feed gas mixtures. Time-averaged concentrations of lactic acid produced overall during the light and dark periods were 13.7 g lactic acid.l(-1) during the light/dark cycle of 14/10 h without a supply of feed gas, and 3.1 and 2.4 g lactic acid.l(-1) during the cycles of 9/15 and 14/10 h, respectively, with a supply of feed gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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7
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Burgess JE, Parsons SA, Stuetz RM. Developments in odour control and waste gas treatment biotechnology: a review. Biotechnol Adv 2004; 19:35-63. [PMID: 14538091 DOI: 10.1016/s0734-9750(00)00058-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Waste and wastewater treatment processes produce odours, which can cause a nuisance to adjacent populations and contribute significantly to atmospheric pollution. Sulphurous compounds are responsible for acid rain and mist; many organic compounds of industrial origin contribute to airborne public health concerns, as well as environmental problems. Waste gases from industry have traditionally been treated using physicochemical processes, such as scrubbing, adsorption, condensation, and oxidation, however, biological treatment of waste gases has gained support as an effective and economical option in the past few decades. One emergent technique for biological waste gas treatment is the use of existing activated sludge plants as bioscrubbers, thus treating the foul air generated by other process units of the wastewater treatment system on site, with no requirement for additional units or for interruption of wastewater treatment. Limited data are available regarding the performance of activated sludge diffusion of odorous air in spite of numerous positive reports from full-scale applications in North America. This review argues that the information available is insufficient for precise process design and optimization, and simultaneous activated sludge treatment of wastewater and airborne odours could be adopted worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Burgess
- School of Water Sciences, Cranfield University, Bedford, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK.
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Syed MA, Henshaw PF. Effect of tube size on performance of a fixed-film tubular bioreactor for conversion of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur. WATER RESEARCH 2003; 37:1932-1938. [PMID: 12697236 DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00579-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A fixed-film continuous-flow photobioreactor was used for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from synthetic industrial wastewater and conversion of it to elemental sulfur using sixteen 150 mm length Tygon tubes as the active part of the reactor. Three different tube sizes (internal diameters (ID) 6.4, 3.2, and 1.6mm) were used to investigate the effect of tube size on reactor performance. The reactor with 1.6mm tube attained a higher sulfide loading (1451 mg/Lh) than previously reported in the literature. High bacterial concentration, light to volume ratio and intimate contact between attached bacteria and influent sulfide resulted in excellent performance of the 1.6mm tube reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murtuza A Syed
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Ont., Canada N9B 3P4.
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9
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Seki H, Suzuki A. Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions to Floc-Type Biosorbents. J Colloid Interface Sci 2002; 249:295-300. [PMID: 16290600 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2002.8297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2001] [Accepted: 02/12/2002] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of cadmium and lead ions to floc-type biosorbents was reported in this work. Two types of biosorbents containing a marine microalga, Heterosigma akashiwo (Hada) Hada, or a purple non-sulfur bacterium, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, were prepared. The micro-organisms inactivated by steam sterilization were immobilized in casein floc and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. In the present immobilizing method, we obtained the biosorbents comprising as much as 67% of micro-organism on a dry-weight basis. Simple metal-binding models were applied to explain the adsorption mechanism of bivalent metal ions to the biosorbents. The results showed that casein acted as both the immobilizing material and the adsorbent material. The adsorption of bivalent metal ions to the biosorbents was due to bidentate binding to the acidic sites on casein and monodentate binding to the acidic sites on micro-organisms. The metal-binding constants and the binding capacities of micro-organisms were scarcely influenced by immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideshi Seki
- Division of Marine Biosciences, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato-cho 3-1-1, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan.
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10
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Desulfurization in a plate-type gas-lift photobioreactor using light emitting diodes. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02706027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Sanchez O, van Gemerden H, Mas J. Description of a redox-controlled sulfidostat for the growth of sulfide-oxidizing phototrophs. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996; 62:3640-5. [PMID: 16535417 PMCID: PMC1388955 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.10.3640-3645.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a novel type of continuous culture for the growth of phototrophic sulfur oxidizers under constant concentrations of hydrogen sulfide. The culture maintains a constant concentration of sulfide despite possible variations in external factors likely to affect photosynthetic activity. Variations in biological activity lead to small departures from the steady-state concentration of hydrogen sulfide which result in variations of the redox potential. These changes in redox, monitored through a redox controller, modulate the rate at which the medium is pumped into the culture and therefore govern the dilution rate. As a result, when changes in external factors such as the light supply occur, the dilution rate of the culture adjusts to the new rate of sulfide oxidation, while maintaining a virtually constant concentration of hydrogen sulfide. The system has been successfully tested for an extended period of several weeks and under conditions of shifting illumination (868 to 113, 113 to 23, and 23 to 7 (mu)E(middot)m(sup-2)(middot)s(sup-1)). After changes in illumination, a transition to a new dilution rate started immediately, reaching a new equilibrium in less than 3 h.
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12
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Strevett KA, Vieth RF, Grasso D. Chemo-autotrophic biogas purification for methane enrichment: mechanism and kinetics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(95)06095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Sulfate decomposition by bacterial leaching. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02783483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Removal of H2S by the purple sulphur bacterium Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 1994; 10:110-1. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00357574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/18/1993] [Accepted: 06/21/1993] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Model-based control of feed rate and illuminance in a photosynthetic fed-batch reactor for H2S removal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00369839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Kim BW, Chang HN, Kim IK, Lee KS. Growth kinetics of the photosynthetic bacteriumChlorobium thiosulfatophilum in a fed-batch reactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 1992; 40:583-92. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260400505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Cho KS, Hirai M, Shoda M. Degradation of hydrogen sulfide by Xanthomonas sp. strain DY44 isolated from peat. Appl Environ Microbiol 1992; 58:1183-9. [PMID: 1599238 PMCID: PMC195572 DOI: 10.1128/aem.58.4.1183-1189.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas sp. strain DY44, capable of degrading H2S, was isolated from dimethyl disulfide-acclimated peat. This bacterium removed H2S either as a single gas or in the presence of the sulfur-containing compounds methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide. The maximum specific H2S removal rate, obtained in the late stationary phase, was 3.92 mmol g of dry cells-1 h-1 (6.7 x 10(-16) mol cell-1 h-1) at pH 7 and 30 degrees C through a batch experiment in a basal mineral medium. Since Xanthomonas sp. strain DY44 exhibited no autotrophic growth with H2S, the H2S removal was judged not to be a consequence of chemolithotrophic activity. By using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the metabolic product of H2S oxidation was determined to be polysulfide, which has properties very similar to those of elemental sulfur. Autoclaved cells (120 degrees C, 20 min) did not show H2S degradation, but cells killed by gamma-irradiation and cell extracts both oxidized H2S, suggesting the existence of a heat-labile intracellular enzymatic system for H2S oxidation. When Xanthomonas sp. strain DY44 was inoculated into fibrous peat, this strain degraded H2S without lag time, suggesting that it will be a good candidate for maintaining high H2S removability in the treatment of exhaust gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Cho
- Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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18
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Kimmel DE, Klasson KT, Clausen EC, Gaddy JL. Performance of trickle-bed bioreactors for converting synthesis gas to methane. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1991; 28-29:457-69. [PMID: 1929378 DOI: 10.1007/bf02922625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide, H2, and CO2 in synthesis gas can be converted to CH4 by employing a triculture of Rhodospirillum rubrum, Methanosarcina barkeri, and Methanobacterium formicicum. Trickle-bed reactors have been found to be effective for this conversion because of their high mass-transfer coefficients. This paper compares results obtained for the conversion of synthesis gas to CH4 in 5-cm- and 16.5-cm-diameter trickle-bed reactors. Mass-transfer and scale-up parameters are defined, and light requirements for R. rubrum are considered in bioreactor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Kimmel
- University of Arkansas, Department of Chemical Engineering, Fayetteville 72701
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19
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Maka A, Cork D. Quantum efficiency requirements for an anaerobic photobioreactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01578093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Bioconversion of hydrogen sulfide by free and immobilized cells ofChlorobium thiosulfatophilum. Biotechnol Lett 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01024436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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22
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Removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas by chemoautotrophic fixed-film bioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 1989; 34:410-4. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260340317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Sublette KL, Sylvester ND. Oxidation of hydrogen sulfide byThiobacillus denitrificans: Desulfurization of natural gas. Biotechnol Bioeng 1987; 29:249-57. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260290216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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24
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Cork D, Mathers J, Maka A, Srnak A. Control of Oxidative Sulfur Metabolism of
Chlorobium limicola
forma
thiosulfatophilum. Appl Environ Microbiol 1985; 49:269-72. [PMID: 16346713 PMCID: PMC238392 DOI: 10.1128/aem.49.2.269-272.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A metered blend of anaerobic-grade N
2
, CO
2
, and H
2
S gases was introduced into an illuminated, 800-ml liquid volume, continuously stirred tank reactor. The system, described as an anaerobic gas-to-liquid phase fed-batch reactor, was used to investigate the effects of H
2
S flow rate and light energy on the accumulation of oxidized sulfur compounds formed by the photoautotroph
Chlorobium limicola
forma
thiosulfatophilum
during growth. Elemental sulfur was formed and accumulated in stoichiometric quantities when light energy and H
2
S molar flow rate levels were optimally adjusted in the presence of nonlimiting CO
2
. Deviation from the optimal H
2
S and light energy levels resulted in either oxidation of sulfur or complete inhibition of sulfide oxidation. Based on these observations, a model of sulfide and sulfur oxidases electrochemically coupled to the photosynthetic reaction center of
Chlorobium
spp. is presented. The dynamic deregulation of oxidative pathways may be a mechanism for supplying the photosynthetic reaction center with a continuous source of electrons during periods of varying light and substrate availability, as in pond ecosystems where
Chlorobium
spp. are found. Possible applications for a sulfide gas removal process are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cork
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60601
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25
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Mathers J, Cork D. Microcomputer interfacing to mass flow type gas controllers for biotechnology applications. Biotechnol Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00127295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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