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Navarro-Pérez ML, Vadillo-Rodríguez V, Fernández-Babiano I, Pérez-Giraldo C, Fernández-Calderón MC. Antimicrobial activity of a novel Spanish propolis against planktonic and sessile oral Streptococcus spp. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23860. [PMID: 34903790 PMCID: PMC8668902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased bacterial resistance to traditional antimicrobial agents has prompted the use of natural products with antimicrobial properties such as propolis, extensively employed since ancient times. However, the chemical composition of propolis extracts is extremely complex and has been shown to vary depending on the region and season of collection, due to variations in the flora from which the pharmacological substances are obtained, being therefore essential for their antimicrobial activity to be checked before use. For this purpose, we evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of a new and promising Spanish ethanolic extract of propolis (SEEP) on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, responsible, as dominant 'pioneer' species, for dental plaque. Results reveal that S. sanguinis is more sensitive to SEEP, slowing and retarding its growth considerably with lower concentrations than those needed to produce the same effect in S. mutans. SEEP presents concentration- and time-dependent killing activity and, furthermore, some of the subinhibitory concentrations employed increased biofilm formation even when bacterial growth decreased. Mono and dual-species biofilms were also inhibited by SEEP. Findings obtained clearly show the relevance of using biofilm and subinhibitory concentration models to determine optimal treatment concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luisa Navarro-Pérez
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain. .,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Virginia Vadillo-Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.,Department of Applied Physics, Area of Applied Physics, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Babiano
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ciro Pérez-Giraldo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
| | - M Coronada Fernández-Calderón
- Department of Biomedical Science, Area of Microbiology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), Badajoz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Badajoz, Spain
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Kuyukina MS, Varushkina AM, Ivshina IB. Effects of Electroporation on Antibiotic Susceptibility and Adhesive Activity to n-Hexadecane in Rhodococcus ruber IEGM 231. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683820060083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Lee SY, Lee SY. Effects of sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on the morphology and surface hydrophobicity of periodontopathic anaerobes. Anaerobe 2019; 55:107-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Wang Y, Wang X, Jiang W, Wang K, Luo J, Li W, Zhou X, Zhang L. Antimicrobial peptide GH12 suppresses cariogenic virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans. J Oral Microbiol 2018; 10:1442089. [PMID: 29503706 PMCID: PMC5827641 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2018.1442089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cariogenic virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans include acidogenicity, aciduricity, and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) synthesis. The de novo designed antimicrobial peptide GH12 has shown bactericidal effects on S. mutans, but its interaction with virulence and regulatory systems of S. mutans remains to be elucidated. The objectives were to investigate the effects of GH12 on virulence factors of S. mutans, and further explore the function mechanisms at enzymatic and transcriptional levels. To avoid decrease in bacterial viability, we limited GH12 to subinhibitory levels. We evaluated effects of GH12 on acidogenicity of S. mutans by pH drop, lactic acid measurement and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, on aciduricity through survival rate at pH 5.0 and F1F0-ATPase assay, and on EPS synthesis using quantitative measurement, morphology observation, vertical distribution analyses and biomass calculation. Afterwards, we conducted quantitative real-time PCR to acquire the expression profile of related genes. GH12 at 1/2 MIC (4 mg/L) inhibited acid production, survival rate, EPS synthesis, and biofilm formation. The enzymatic activity of LDH and F1F0-ATPase was inhibited, and ldh, gtfBCD, vicR, liaR, and comDE genes were significantly downregulated. In conclusion, GH12 inhibited virulence factors of S. mutans, through reducing the activity of related enzymes, downregulating virulence genes, and inactivating specific regulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, Department of Cariology and Endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Turan H, Demirbilek M. Biofilm-forming capacity of blood-borne Candida albicans strains and effects of antifungal agents. Rev Argent Microbiol 2017; 50:62-69. [PMID: 28988900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections related to Candida albicans biofilms and subsequent antifungal resistance have become more common with the increased use of indwelling medical devices. Regimens for preventing fungal biofilm formation are needed, particularly in high-risk patients. In this study, we investigated the biofilm formation rate of multiple strains of Candida albicans (n=162 clinical isolates), their antifungal susceptibility patterns, and the efficacy of certain antifungals for preventing biofilm formation. Biofilm formation was graded using a modified Christensen's 96-well plate method. We further analyzed 30 randomly chosen intense biofilm-forming isolates using the XTT method. Minimum biofilm inhibition concentrations (MBIC) of caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B were determined using the modified Calgary biofilm method. In addition, the inhibitory effects of antifungal agents on biofilm formation were investigated. Our study showed weak, moderate, and extensive biofilm formation in 29% (n=47), 38% (n=61), and 23% (n=37) of the isolates, respectively. We found that echinocandins had the lowest MBIC values and that itraconazole inhibited biofilm formation in more isolates (26/32; 81.3%) than other tested agents. In conclusion, echinocandins were most effective against formed biofilms, while itraconazole was most effective for preventing biofilm formation. Standardized methods are needed for biofilm antifungal sensitivity tests when determining the treatment and prophylaxis of C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanni Turan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Müge Demirbilek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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6
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Vanhoecke BWA, De Ryck TRG, De boel K, Wiles S, Boterberg T, Van de Wiele T, Swift S. Low-dose irradiation affects the functional behavior of oral microbiota in the context of mucositis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015. [PMID: 26202372 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215595467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of host-microbe interactions in the pathobiology of oral mucositis is still unclear; therefore, this study aimed to unravel the effect of irradiation on behavioral characteristics of oral microbial species in the context of mucositis. Using various experimental in vitro setups, the effects of irradiation on growth and biofilm formation of two Candida spp., Streptococcus salivarius and Klebsiella oxytoca in different culture conditions were evaluated. Irradiation did not affect growth of planktonic cells, but reduced the number of K. oxytoca cells in newly formed biofilms cultured in static conditions. Biofilm formation of K. oxytoca and Candida glabrata was affected by irradiation and depended on the culturing conditions. In the presence of mucins, these effects were lost, indicating the protective nature of mucins. Furthermore, the Galleria melonella model was used to study effects on microbial virulence. Irradiated K. oxytoca microbes were more virulent in G. melonella larvae compared to the nonirradiated ones. Our data indicate that low-dose irradiation can have an impact on functional characteristics of microbial species. Screening for pathogens like K. oxytoca in the context of mucosits could be useful to allow early detection and immediate intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara W A Vanhoecke
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tine R G De Ryck
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin De boel
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Siouxsie Wiles
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Tom Boterberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Swift
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Bedran TBL, Grignon L, Spolidorio DP, Grenier D. Subinhibitory concentrations of triclosan promote Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation and adherence to oral epithelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89059. [PMID: 24551218 PMCID: PMC3923858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triclosan is a general membrane-active agent with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that is commonly used in oral care products. In this study, we investigated the effect of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of triclosan on the capacity of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans to form biofilm and adhere to oral epithelial cells. As quantified by crystal violet staining, biofilm formation by two reference strains of S. mutans was dose-dependently promoted, in the range of 2.2- to 6.2-fold, by 1/2 and 1/4 MIC of triclosan. Observations by scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of a dense biofilm attached to the polystyrene surface. Growth of S. mutans in the presence of triclosan at sub-MICs also increased its capacity to adhere to a monolayer of gingival epithelial cells. The expression of several genes involved in adherence and biofilm formation in S. mutans was investigated by quantitative RT-PCR. It was found that sub-MICs of triclosan significantly increased the expression of comD, gtfC, and luxS, and to a lesser extent of gtfB and atlA genes. These findings stress the importance of maintaining effective bactericidal concentrations of therapeutic triclosan since sub-MICs may promote colonization of the oral cavity by S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Blanca Lombardo Bedran
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Louis Grignon
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Denise Palomari Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Dong L, Tong Z, Linghu D, Lin Y, Tao R, Liu J, Tian Y, Ni L. Effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2012; 39:390-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Okamoto-Shibayama K, Sato Y, Yamamoto Y, Ohta K, Kizaki H. Identification of a glucan-binding protein C gene homologue in Streptococcus macacae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 21:32-41. [PMID: 16390339 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2005.00251.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The past few decades have seen the isolation of certain glucosyltransferases and a number of proteins from mutans streptococci. Some of these proteins have been shown to possess glucan-binding capabilities which confer an important virulence property on mutans streptococci for the role of these bacteria play in dental caries. Among these proteins is glucan-binding protein C, which is encoded by the gbpC gene, and which we have identified as being involved in the dextran-dependent aggregation of Streptococcus mutans. However, gbpC homologues have yet to be identified in other mutans streptococci. METHODS We carried out polymerase chain reaction amplification of Streptococcus macacae using primers that were designed based on conserved sequences of S. mutans gbpC and identified a gbpC gene homologue. The gene of that homologue was then characterized. RESULTS Nucleotide sequencing of the S. macacae gbpC homologue revealed a 1854 bp open reading frame encoding a protein with an N-terminal signal peptide. The molecular mass of the processed protein was calculated to be 67 kDa. We also found an LPxTG motif, the consensus sequence for gram-positive cocci cell wall-anchored surface proteins, which was followed by a characteristic sequence at the carboxal terminal region of the putative protein. This suggests that the S. macacae GbpC homologue protein was tethered to the cell wall. CONCLUSION Based on these results, together with the demonstrated glucan-binding ability of the S. macacae GbpC homologue protein, we suggest that S. macacae cells are capable of binding dextran via the GbpC homologue protein, which is similar to the S. mutans GbpC protein. In addition, Southern hybridization analysis using the S. macacae gbpC homologue as a probe showed a distribution of gbpC homologues throughout the mutans streptococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Okamoto-Shibayama
- Department of Biochemistry, Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba City, Japan.
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Nostro A, Cannatelli MA, Crisafi G, Musolino AD, Procopio F, Alonzo V. Modifications of hydrophobicity, in vitro adherence and cellular aggregation of Streptococcus mutans by Helichrysum italicum extract. Lett Appl Microbiol 2004; 38:423-7. [PMID: 15059215 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2004.01509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of the present study was to examine whether sublethal concentrations of Helichrysum italicum extract could affect some of the cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied the antibacterial activity of H. italicum (ethanolic extract) against oral streptococci (Strep. mutans ATCC 35668, Strep. salivarius ATCC 13419 and Strep. sanguis ATCC 10556) and its influence on cell-surface hydrophobicity, in vitro sucrose-dependent adherence to glass surface and cellular aggregation of Strep. mutans. The results indicate that all streptococci were susceptible to ethanolic extract with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 31.25-62.50 microg x ml(-1). Sub-MIC concentrations of H. italicum (7.81-31.25 microg x ml(-1)) reduced the hydrophobicity and the adherence (almost 90%) to glass surface of Strep. mutans. The aggregation in the presence of dextran T2000 was also affected. CONCLUSION The inhibitory activity of H. italicum extract on Strep. mutans is worthy of further study. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY There is considerable interest in the use of natural compounds as alternative methods to control undesirable micro-organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nostro
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Biologico, Sezione Microbiologia, Facoltà di Farmacia. Università di Messina, Villaggio Annunziata, Italy.
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Sato Y, Senpuku H, Okamoto K, Hanada N, Kizaki H. Streptococcus mutans binding to solid phase dextran mediated by the glucan-binding protein C. ORAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2002; 17:252-6. [PMID: 12121476 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-302x.2002.170408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans GbpC is a wall-anchored surface protein which is involved in dextran-dependent aggregation. The GbpC phenotype is observed only in cells grown under stress conditions. In order to detect the GbpC protein of S. mutans, we isolated the wall fraction following digestion of the cell wall of this organism by N-acetylmuramidase, and detected the GbpC protein from S. mutans cells by western analysis with anti-GbpC serum. Interestingly, S. mutans cells exhibiting the negative dextran(alpha-1,6 glucan)-dependent aggregation (ddag) phenotype expressed the protein and could bind to immobilized dextran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, Masago 1-chome, Mihama-ku, Chiba City, Japan
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12
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Abstract
Biofilms can be defined as communities of microorganisms attached to a surface. It is clear that microorganisms undergo profound changes during their transition from planktonic (free-swimming) organisms to cells that are part of a complex, surface-attached community. These changes are reflected in the new phenotypic characteristics developed by biofilm bacteria and occur in response to a variety of environmental signals. Recent genetic and molecular approaches used to study bacterial and fungal biofilms have identified genes and regulatory circuits important for initial cell-surface interactions, biofilm maturation, and the return of biofilm microorganisms to a planktonic mode of growth. Studies to date suggest that the planktonic-biofilm transition is a complex and highly regulated process. The results reviewed in this article indicate that the formation of biofilms serves as a new model system for the study of microbial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O'Toole
- Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
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Rachid S, Ohlsen K, Witte W, Hacker J, Ziebuhr W. Effect of subinhibitory antibiotic concentrations on polysaccharide intercellular adhesin expression in biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:3357-63. [PMID: 11083640 PMCID: PMC90205 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.12.3357-3363.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm production is an important step in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus epidermidis polymer-associated infections and depends on the expression of the icaADBC operon leading to the synthesis of a polysaccharide intercellular adhesin. A chromosomally encoded reporter gene fusion between the ica promoter and the beta-galactosidase gene lacZ from Escherichia coli was constructed and used to investigate the influence of both environmental factors and subinhibitory concentrations of different antibiotics on ica expression in S. epidermidis. It was shown that S. epidermidis biofilm formation is induced by external stress (i.e., high temperature and osmolarity). Subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and the semisynthetic streptogramin antibiotic quinupristin-dalfopristin were found to enhance ica expression 9- to 11-fold, whereas penicillin, oxacillin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, gentamicin, ofloxacin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin had no effect on ica expression. A weak (i.e., 2.5-fold) induction of ica expression was observed for subinhibitory concentrations of erythromycin. The results were confirmed by Northern blot analyses of ica transcription and quantitative analyses of biofilm formation in a colorimetric assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rachid
- Institut für Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Röntgenring 11, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
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Sato Y, Yamamoto Y, Kizaki H. Cloning and sequence analysis of the gbpC gene encoding a novel glucan-binding protein of Streptococcus mutans. Infect Immun 1997; 65:668-75. [PMID: 9009329 PMCID: PMC176112 DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.2.668-675.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We have isolated dextran-aggregation-negative mutants of Streptococcus mutans following random mutagenesis with plasmid pVA891 clone banks. A chromosomal region responsible for this phenotype was characterized in one of the mutants. A 2.2-kb fragment from the region was cloned in Escherichia coli and sequenced. A gene specifying a putative protein of 583 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 63,478 was identified. The amino acid sequence deduced from the gene exhibited no similarity to the previously identified S. mutans 74-kDa glucan-binding protein or to glucan-binding domains of glucosyltransferases but exhibited similarity to surface protein antigen (Spa)-family proteins from streptococci. Extract from an E. coli clone of the gene exhibited glucan-binding activity. Therefore, the gene encoded a novel glucan-binding protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba City, Japan
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15
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Wang Q, Singh S, Taylor KG, Doyle RJ. Anti-adhesins of Streptococcus sobrinus. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1996; 408:249-62. [PMID: 8895800 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0415-9_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
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