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Zhang H, Yang Z, Jiang Z, Zhang X, Nizamani MM, Wu Y, Wei S, Wang Y, Xie X. Diversity of Fungi Isolated from Potato Nematode Cysts in Guizhou Province, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:247. [PMID: 36836361 PMCID: PMC9965506 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potatoes rank third in terms of human consumption after rice and wheat. Globodera spp. are significant pests of potato crop worldwide. Globodera rostochiensis was found in Weining County, Guizhou Province, China, in 2019. We collected soil from the rhizosphere zone from infected potato plants and separated mature cysts through simple floatation and sieving methods. The selected cysts were surface-sterilized, and the colonized fungi were isolated and purified. At the same time, the preliminary identification of fungi and fungi parasites on the cysts of nematodes was carried out. This study aimed to define the species and frequency of fungi-colonizing cysts of G. rostochiensis collected from Weining County, Guizhou Province, China, and provide a basis for the control of G. rostochiensis. As a result, 139 strains of colonized fungi were successfully isolated. Multigene analyses showed that these isolates included 11 orders, 17 families, and 23 genera. The genera Fusarium (with a separation frequency of 59%), Penicillium (11%), Edenia (3.6%), and Paraphaeosphaeria (3.6%) were the most frequently occurring. Among the 44 strains, 27 had a colonization rate of 100% on the cysts of G. rostochiensis. Meanwhile, the functional annotation of 23 genera indicated that some fungi have multitrophic lifestyles combining endophytic, pathogenic, and saprophytic behavior. In conclusion, this study showed the species composition and lifestyle diversity of colonized fungi from G. rostochiensis and demonstrated these isolates as potential sources of biocontrol agents. Colonized fungi were isolated from G. rostochiensis for the first time in China, and the taxonomic diversity of fungi from G. rostochiensis was clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zaifu Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Vegetable Research Academy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhaochun Jiang
- Guizhou Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mir Muhammad Nizamani
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shan Wei
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Chandran VA, Koka K, Therese L, Mukherjee B. A Rare Fungal Orbital Infection in an Immunocompetent Young Male Caused by Lichtheimia corymbifera ( Absidia corymbifera). Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2022; 30:1970-1973. [PMID: 34110965 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1909735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To present a case of orbital fungal infection caused by a rare fungus, Lichtheimia corymbifera (Absidia corymbifera) in an immunocompetent individual. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective case study. RESULT A 23-year-old male presented with painful proptosis of the right eye for 3 months. Examination revealed normal vision and pupillary light reflex but restricted ocular movements in the right eye. A tender, firm mass was palpable along the inferomedial quadrant of the right orbit. He had acute worsening of proptosis with loss of light perception within 24 hours. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a heterogeneously enhancing lesion in the right orbit. Urgent incisional biopsy revealed the growth of Absidial fungal infection. He received intravenous Amphotericin B for 2 weeks with no response. Repeat MRI revealed an extension of the infection up to the cavernous sinus and intracranial optic nerve. He was managed by subtotal exenteration, socket irrigation with Amphotericin B, and intravenous Amphotericin B. CONCLUSION Invasive orbital fungal infection, though rare, should be considered a differential diagnosis in immunocompetent patients with fulminant proptosis and vision loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vazhipokkil Anju Chandran
- Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Kirthi Koka
- Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Lily Therese
- L & T Microbiology Research Centre, KN BIRVO Building, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Bipasha Mukherjee
- Orbit, Oculoplasty, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
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Moon P, Jithendran N. Invasive Fungal Infection with Absidia Corymbifera in Immunocompetent Patient with Electrical Scalp Burn. World J Plast Surg 2018; 7:249-252. [PMID: 30083512 PMCID: PMC6066699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infection in burn injury is caused by inoculation of fungal spore from patient skin, respiratory tract or from care giver. The risk factors for acquiring fungal infection in burns include age of burns, total burn size, full thickness burns, inhalational injury, prolonged hospital stay, late surgical excision, open dressing, central venous catheters, antibiotics, steroid treatment, long-term artificial ventilation, fungal wound colonization, hyperglycemic episodes and other immunosuppressive disorders. Invasive fungal infection with Absidia corymbifera is rare opportunistic infection encountered in patient with burn injury. The key for treatment is early clinical diagnosis, wide and repeated debridement and systemic and local antifungal treatment. We describe a case of invasive fungal infection with A. corymbifera in a patient with post-electrical scalp burn with late presentation after 10 days of injury in an immunocompetent patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Moon
- Krishna Hospital and Research Center, Gurunanak Pura, Nainital Road, India,Corresponding Author: Prashant Moon, MD, Krishna Hospital and Research Center, Gurunanak Pura, Nainital Road, Heydarabad, India. E-mail:
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Ziaee A, Zia M, Bayat M, Hashemi J. Molecular Identification of Mucor and Lichtheimia Species in Pure Cultures of Zygomycetes. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2016; 9:e35237. [PMID: 27284399 PMCID: PMC4898167 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.35237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Mucorales are an important opportunistic fungi that can cause mucormycosis in immunocompromised patients. The fast and precise diagnosis of mucormycosis is very important because, if the diagnosis is not made early enough, dissemination often occurs. It is now well established that molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) are feasible and reliable tools for the early and accurate diagnosis of mucormycosis agents. Objectives The present study was conducted to evaluate the validity of PCR-RFLP for the identification of Mucorales and some important Mucor and Lichtheimia species in pure cultures of Zygomycetes. Materials and Methods Specific sense and anti-sense primers were used to amplify the Mucorales, Mucor, and Lichtheimia DNA. The PCR products were digested by AfIII, XmnI, and AcII restriction enzymes, and the resultant restriction pattern was analyzed. Results On the basis of the molecular and morphological data, we identified Mucor plumbeus (10.83%), M. circinelloides (9.17%), Lichtheimia corymbifera (9.17%), M. racemosus (5.83%), M. ramosissimus (3.33%), and L. blakesleeana (0.83%). Conclusions It seems that PCR-RFLP is a suitable technique for the identification of Mucorales at the species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardeshir Ziaee
- Department of Medical and Veterinary Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Specialized Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mohammadali Zia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammadali Zia, Department of Basic Sciences, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9133094852, E-mail:
| | - Mansour Bayat
- Department of Medical and Veterinary Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Specialized Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Jamal Hashemi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Institute of Public Health Research, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Shayo GA, Moshiro C, Spiegelman D, Mugusi FM, Chalamilla G, Msamanga G, Hawkins C, Fawzi W. Prevalence and risk factors for skin diseases among antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Int J Dermatol 2014; 53:1249-58. [PMID: 25070130 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced cell-mediated immunity associated with pregnancy may cause a flaring or exacerbation of some skin conditions. Little is known about the magnitude of and risk factors for skin diseases among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve pregnant women. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 1078 HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve pregnant women was conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Skin diagnoses were mainly clinical. Log-binomial regression models were used to explore factors associated with the outcomes. RESULTS About 84% of the women were in World Health Organization (WHO) HIV stage I. Median CD4(+) count was 405 × 10(6) cells/l. The prevalence of any skin disease was 18%. Fungal infections (11%), genital ulcers (7%), and viral infections (5%) were the most common skin conditions. Skin infections were 2.64 times more common in HIV stage III (95% CI 1.51-4.62) compared to stage I. Fungal infections were 1.77 times common among single, divorced, and widowed women than among married women (95% CI 1.16-2.69), 2.8 times common among women in HIV stage III (95% CI 1.18-6.64) compared to stage I. Genital ulcers were significantly more common among women whose source of income was their own compared with those who got full support from partners, and among WHO HIV stage III disease compared to stage I. CONCLUSION The burden of skin diseases was relatively low. Advanced HIV stage was associated with a range of skin conditions. CD4(+) cell count was not related to skin infection prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace A Shayo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Pourahmad M, Sepidkar A, Farokhnia MH, Tadayon SMK, Salehi H, Zabetian H. Mucormycosis after scorpion sting: case report. Mycoses 2013; 56:589-591. [DOI: 10.1111/myc.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Pourahmad
- Department of Infectious Disease; Jahrom University of Medical Sciences; Jahrom; Iran
| | - Abdolali Sepidkar
- Department of Surgery; Jahrom University of Medical Sciences; Jahrom; Iran
| | | | | | - Hassan Salehi
- Department of Infectious Disease; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Esfahan; Iran
| | - Hassan Zabetian
- Department of Anesthesiology; Jahrom University of Medical Sciences; Jahrom; Iran
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Bandettini R, Tuo P, Tamisani AM, Di Marco E, Mantero E. Severe Cutaneous Zygomycosis: Evaluation of Treatment with High Doses of Liposomal Amphotericin B in a One-Year Old Child. J Chemother 2013; 19:347-9. [PMID: 17594934 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2007.19.3.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Follicular Zygomycosis. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2011. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0b013e31822b7df2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pak J, Tucci VT, Vincent AL, Sandin RL, Greene JN. Mucormycosis in immunochallenged patients. J Emerg Trauma Shock 2011; 1:106-13. [PMID: 19561989 PMCID: PMC2700608 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2700.42203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucorales species are deadly opportunistic fungi with a rapidly invasive nature. A rare disease, mucormycosis is most commonly reported in patients with diabetes mellitus, because the favorable carbohydrate-rich environment allows the Mucorales fungi to flourish, especially in the setting of ketoacidosis. However, case reports over the past 20 years show that a growing number of cases of mucormycosis are occurring during treatment following bone marrow transplants (BMT) and hematological malignancies (HM) such as leukemia and lymphoma. This is due to the prolonged treatment of these patients with steroids and immunosuppressive agents. Liposomal amphotericin B treatment and posaconazole are two pharmacologic agents that seem to be effective against mucormycosis, but the inherently rapid onset and course of the disease, in conjunction with the difficulty in correctly identifying it, hinder prompt institution of appropriate antifungal therapy. This review of the literature discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of mucormycosis among the BMT and HM populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Pak
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33612-4742, USA
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Almaslamani M, Taj-Aldeen SJ, Garcia-Hermoso D, Dannaoui E, Alsoub H, Alkhal A. An increasing trend of cutaneous zygomycosis caused byMycocladus corymbifer(formerlyAbsidia corymbifera): report of two cases and review of primary cutaneousMycocladusinfections. Med Mycol 2009; 47:532-8. [DOI: 10.1080/13693780802595746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Liu ZH, Lv GX, Chen J, Sang H, She XD, Chen XJ, Sun JF, Shen YN, Zeng XS, Liu WD. Primary cutaneous zygomycosis due toAbsidia corymbiferain a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Med Mycol 2009; 47:663-8. [DOI: 10.1080/13693780902806647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Molecular diagnosis of Saksenaea vasiformis cutaneous infection after scorpion sting in an immunocompetent adolescent. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:3169-72. [PMID: 18632909 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00052-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first case of cutaneous mucormycosis after a scorpion sting in Tunisia. Histopathology showed broad aseptate hyphae suggestive of a Zygomycete. Saksenaea vasiformis was identified by PCR amplification and sequencing of the fungal DNA on a cutaneous biopsy. Successful treatment was obtained by surgery and liposomal amphotericin B.
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Absidia corymbifera Fungal Infection in Burns: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Burn Care Res 2008; 29:416-9. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0b013e318166da78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ledgard JP, van Hal S, Greenwood JE. Primary Cutaneous Zygomycosis in a Burns Patient: A Review. J Burn Care Res 2008; 29:286-90. [DOI: 10.1097/bcr.0b013e31816673b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Sheibanifar M, Guerin AL, Clement L, Champigneulle J, Mainard L, Mandry D, Bordigoni P, Claudon M. Imagerie des formes viscérales graves de la mucormycose chez 5 patients immunodéprimés. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 88:677-83. [PMID: 17541361 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(07)89875-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Show the contribution of imaging to the diagnosis and follow-up of serious mucormycosis in immunodepressed patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of the 5-year radiological data in serious forms of mucormycosis occurring in patients with bone marrow allografts who are in refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation from 2002 to 2005. The positive diagnosis was bacteriologically and pathologically positive in all cases. RESULTS This study involved three patients with isolated pulmonary involvement and two cases of disseminated mucormycosis. Areas of pulmonary condensations were found in all cases, one of whom had a low-attenuation zone and parenchymal nodules. The kidney, liver, and spleen lesions were clearly limited, hypoechogenic, hypodense, and homogenous with no peripheral contrast material uptake. There was thyroid involvement in the form of hypoechogenic nodules. Rapid growth of the lesions was observed on follow-up CT (n=3) and despite surgical treatment (n=2) and intensive medical management, all cases ended in death. CONCLUSION Mucormycosis is an integral part of the differential diagnosis of infectious syndromes in immunodepressed patients during the period after bone marrow transplantation. Imaging can assist in the diagnosis but pathological confirmation remains indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sheibanifar
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU de Nancy Brabois, 54511 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
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MULTIPLE DISCHARGING SINUSES: AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION CAUSED BY ABSIDIA CORYMBIFERA. Indian J Med Microbiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tiong WHC, Ismael T, McCann J. Post-traumatic and post-surgical Absidia corymbifera infection in a young, healthy man. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2006; 59:1367-71. [PMID: 17113521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2006.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2005] [Accepted: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Absidia corymbifera infection in a healthy individual is rare. Most of the infection occurs in immunocompromised patients or diabetic patients. Cutaneous and subcutaneous mucormycosis have been increasingly reported in the literature as a result of massive trauma with contaminated wounds. We present a case of cutaneous mucormycosis in a healthy, young patient after surgical amputation for a crush injury of the leg. We also highlight the importance of the high index of clinical suspicion in the diagnosis and treatment of this fungal infection in the hype of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in hospital setting these days. Despite an initial life-saving amputation, it was inadequate to ensure the eradication of A. corymbifera infection. A second amputation was required with parenteral liposomal amphotericin B to achieve a satisfactory cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H C Tiong
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University College Hospital Galway, Ireland.
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Saşmaz I, Leblebisatan G, Antmen B, Binokay F, Tunali N, Kilinç Y. Cardiac mucormycosis in a child with severe aplastic anemia: a case report. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2006; 23:433-7. [PMID: 16728364 DOI: 10.1080/08880010600692138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mucormycosis is an uncommon, severe, life-threatening fungal infection in the immunocompromised host. Mucormycosis with aplastic anemia is seen rarely. Only a few cases of cardiac mucormycosis with aplastic anemia have been reported in the literature. The authors present a case with severe aplastic anemia that did not respond to classic and immunosuppressive treatment for disease and developing invasive cardiac mucormycosis despite empiric treatment for febrile neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgen Saşmaz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
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Roden MM, Zaoutis TE, Buchanan WL, Knudsen TA, Sarkisova TA, Schaufele RL, Sein M, Sein T, Chiou CC, Chu JH, Kontoyiannis DP, Walsh TJ. Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41:634-53. [PMID: 16080086 DOI: 10.1086/432579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1831] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2005] [Accepted: 04/18/2005] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zygomycosis is an increasingly emerging life-threatening infection. There is no single comprehensive literature review that describes the epidemiology and outcome of this disease. METHODS We reviewed reports of zygomycosis in the English-language literature since 1885 and analyzed 929 eligible cases. We included in the database only those cases for which the underlying condition, the pattern of infection, the surgical and antifungal treatments, and survival were described. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 38.8 years; 65% were male. The prevalence and overall mortality were 36% and 44%, respectively, for diabetes; 19% and 35%, respectively, for no underlying condition; and 17% and 66%, respectively, for malignancy. The most common types of infection were sinus (39%), pulmonary (24%), and cutaneous (19%). Dissemination developed in 23% of cases. Mortality varied with the site of infection: 96% of patients with disseminated disease died, 85% with gastrointestinal infection died, and 76% with pulmonary infection died. The majority of patients with malignancy (92 [60%] of 154) had pulmonary disease, whereas the majority of patients with diabetes (222 [66%] of 337) had sinus disease. Rhinocerebral disease was seen more frequently in patients with diabetes (145 [33%] of 337), compared with patients with malignancy (6 [4%] of 154). Hematogenous dissemination to skin was rare; however, 78 (44%) of 176 cutaneous infections were complicated by deep extension or dissemination. Survival was 3% (8 of 241 patients) for cases that were not treated, 61% (324 of 532) for cases treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate, 57% (51 of 90) for cases treated with surgery alone, and 70% (328 of 470) for cases treated with antifungal therapy and surgery. By multivariate analysis, infection due to Cunninghamella species and disseminated disease were independently associated with increased rates of death (odds ratios, 2.78 and 11.2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Outcome from zygomycosis varies as a function of the underlying condition, site of infection, and use of antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen M Roden
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Jouhet C, Mohty AM, Taseï AM, Charbonnier A, Ferrando M, Grob JJ, Richard MA. Hypodermite granulomateuse révélatrice d’une mucormycose chez une malade immunodéprimée. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2005; 132:536-9. [PMID: 16142101 DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(05)79334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mucormycosis is an exceptional opportunist fungal infection, despite the ubiquitous nature of its pathogenic agents. It is sometimes revealed by primary cutaneous involvement and its prognosis is bad in the case of visceral dissemination. Our observation illustrates the need for early diagnosis and treatment of this infection. OBSERVATION An immunodepressed, 45 year-old woman, had developed necrotic hypodermitis lesions on the lower limbs. The skin biopsy led to the diagnosis of mucormycosis. Despite treatment with liposomal amphotericin, the fungal infection worsened, spread to the organs (lungs and brain) and the patient died. DISCUSSION This case report underlines the potential severity of mucormycosis, which is presently emerging in the onco-hematological field. The infection is sometimes revealed by inaugural ulcerated and/or necrotic cutaneous lesions. Its diagnosis must be evoked early so that salvage medical-surgical treatment can be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jouhet
- Service de Dermato-vénérologie, Hôpital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille
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Horré R, Jovanić B, Herff S, Marklein G, Zhou H, Heinze I, De Hoog GS, Rüchel R, Schaal KP. Wound infection due toAbsidiacorymbiferaandCandida albicanswith fatal outcome. Med Mycol 2004; 42:373-8. [PMID: 15473364 DOI: 10.1080/1369378032000141426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of a mixed infection due to Candida albicans and the zygomycete Absidia corymbifera in a 38-year-old, previously healthy, Caucasian male is presented. The infection developed following serial rib fractures, and ruptures of kidney, liver and biliary tract as well as a pancreatic contusion resulting from a traffic accident. During intensive care treatment the patient underwent several surgical procedures but subsequently experienced multi-organ failure and sepsis. Some weeks later, fungal growth was observed macroscopically on the patient's skin and wounds. From wound swabs C. albicans and A. corymbifera were grown. Histopathology of abdominal tissue yielded pseudohyphae and coenocytic hyphae. Although surgical debridement and antifungal treatment with amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine were started immediately, the patient died in therapy-refractory septic multi-organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Horré
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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