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Chen L, Zeng Z, Luo H, Xiao H, Zeng Y. The effects of CypA on apoptosis: potential target for the treatment of diseases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:28. [PMID: 38159118 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cyclophilin A (CypA), the first member of cyclophilins, is distributed extensively in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, primarily localized in the cytoplasm. In addition to acting as an intracellular receptor for cyclosporin A (CSA), CypA plays a crucial role in diseases such as aging and tumorigenesis. Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is able to balance the rate of cell viability and death. In this review, we focus on the effects of CypA on apoptosis and the relationship between specific mechanisms of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis and diseases, including tumorigenesis, cardiovascular diseases, organ injury, and microbial infections. Notably, the process of CypA promoting or inhibiting apoptosis is closely related to disease development. Finally, future prospects for the association of CypA and apoptosis are discussed, and a comprehensive understanding of the effects of CypA on apoptosis in relation to diseases is expected to provide new insights into the design of CypA as a therapeutic target for diseases. KEY POINTS: • Understand the effect of CypA on apoptosis. • CypA affects apoptosis through specific pathways. • The effect of CypA on apoptosis is associated with a variety of disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Haodang Luo
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Zeng
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medicine School, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang X, Pang T, Zhang H, Horn M, Michlits G, Dyczynski M, Zhang L. The natural compound periplogenin suppresses the growth of prostate carcinoma cells by directly targeting ATP1A1. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20509. [PMID: 39227746 PMCID: PMC11372130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds constitute a major resource for the development of medicines for multiple diseases. While many natural compounds show strong biological activity, the mechanisms that confer clinical benefits are often elusive and have been attributed to multiple pathways. Periplogenin (PPG), a natural compound isolated from Cortex periplocae, exhibits strong anti-tumor activities in several human cancer cell lines. However, its molecular mode of action remained unclear. In this study, we leveraged a forward genetic screening approach in DU145 prostate cancer cells to uncover the molecular target of PPG using chemical mutagenesis. Next generation sequencing revealed that a single amino acid substitution at amino acid 804 in ATP1A1 (ATPase Na + /K + Transporting Subunit Alpha 1) confers resistance to the cytotoxic activity of PPG. Mechanistically, ATP1A1 T804 forms a hydrogen bond with PPG which is abolished by the T804A substitution in ATP1A1, resulting in resistance to PPG treatment in vitro. Importantly, in vivo, PPG strongly suppressed tumor development in a DU145 xenograft model whereas DU145 xenograft tumors carrying a ATP1A1-T804A mutation were largely unaffected by the treatment. These findings demonstrate that PPG suppresses the growth of DU145 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by directly binding to ATP1A1 and highlight the power of our unbiased forward genetic screening approach to uncover direct drug target structures at single amino acid resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Zhang
- Angal Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Life Health Town, National High-Tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China
| | - Tinglin Pang
- Angal Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Life Health Town, National High-Tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Angal Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Life Health Town, National High-Tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Liqun Zhang
- Angal Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Life Health Town, National High-Tech Development Zone, Suzhou, China.
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Sugiokto FG, Saiada F, Zhang K, Li R. SUMOylation of the m6A reader YTHDF2 by PIAS1 promotes viral RNA decay to restrict EBV replication. mBio 2024; 15:e0316823. [PMID: 38236021 PMCID: PMC10865817 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03168-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA-binding protein F2 (YTHDF2) is a member of the YTH protein family that binds to N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified RNA, regulating RNA stability and restricting viral replication, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). PIAS1 is an E3 small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase known as an EBV restriction factor, but its role in YTHDF2 SUMOylation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the functional regulation of YTHDF2 by PIAS1. We found that PIAS1 promotes the SUMOylation of YTHDF2 at three specific lysine residues (K281, K571, and K572). Importantly, PIAS1 synergizes with wild-type YTHDF2, but not a SUMOylation-deficient mutant, to limit EBV lytic replication. Mechanistically, YTHDF2 lacking SUMOylation exhibits reduced binding to EBV transcripts, leading to increased viral mRNA stability. Furthermore, PIAS1 mediates SUMOylation of YTHDF2's paralogs, YTHDF1 and YTHDF3, to restrict EBV replication. These results collectively uncover a unique mechanism whereby YTHDF family proteins control EBV replication through PIAS1-mediated SUMOylation, highlighting the significance of SUMOylation in regulating viral mRNA stability and EBV replication.IMPORTANCEm6A RNA modification pathway plays important roles in diverse cellular processes and viral life cycle. Here, we investigated the relationship between PIAS1 and the m6A reader protein YTHDF2, which is involved in regulating RNA stability by binding to m6A-modified RNA. We found that both the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of YTHDF2 interact with PIAS1. We showed that PIAS1 promotes the SUMOylation of YTHDF2 at three specific lysine residues. We also demonstrated that PIAS1 enhances the anti-EBV activity of YTHDF2. We further revealed that PIAS1 mediates the SUMOylation of other YTHDF family members, namely, YTHDF1 and YTHDF3, to limit EBV replication. These findings together illuminate an important regulatory mechanism of YTHDF proteins in controlling viral RNA decay and EBV replication through PIAS1-mediated SUMOylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Febri Gunawan Sugiokto
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Farjana Saiada
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renfeng Li
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Cancer Virology Program, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chu J, Zheng R, Chen H, Chen Y, Lin Y, Li J, Wei W, Chen R, Deng P, Su J, Jiang J, Ye L, Liang H, An S. Dynamic m 6 A profiles reveal the role of YTHDC2-TLR2 signaling axis in Talaromyces marneffei infection. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29466. [PMID: 38344929 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei (TM) immune evasion is an important factor leading to the high mortality rate of Penicilliosis marneffei. N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) plays important roles in host immune response to various pathogen infections, yet its role in TM and HIV/TM coinfection remains largely unexplored. Here we reported genome-wide transcriptional m6 A profiles of TM mono-infection and HIV/TM coinfection. Our finding revealed dynamic alterations in global m6 A levels and upregulation of the m6 A reader YTH N6 -methyladenosine RNA binding protein C2 (YTHDC2) in TM-infected macrophages. Knockdown of YTHDC2 in TM-infected cells showed an elevated expression of TLR2 through m6 A-dependence, along with upregulation of TNF-α and IL1-β. Overall, we characterized the m6 A profiles of the host and fungus before and after TM infection, and demonstrated that YTHDC2 mediates the key m6 A site of TLR2 to exert its function. These findings provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms and novel therapeutic approaches for TM diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemei Chu
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruili Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changxing People's Hospital of Chongming District, Shanghai, China
| | - Hubin Chen
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yaxin Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wudi Wei
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rongfeng Chen
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Peixue Deng
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinming Su
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Ye
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sanqi An
- Life Sciences Institute & Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Teng Y, Yi J, Chen J, Yang L. N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) Modification in Natural Immune Cell-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:804-821. [PMID: 37903470 PMCID: PMC10673353 DOI: 10.1159/000534162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The post-transcriptional N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNA influences stability, transport, and translation with implications for various physiological and pathological processes. Immune cell development, differentiation, and activation are also thought to be regulated by m6A and affect host defense against pathogens and inflammatory response with impacts on infectious, neoplastic, autoimmune, cardiovascular, hepatic, and osteal diseases. The current review summarizes recent research on m6A in monocyte/macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and microglia and gives insights into epigenetic modifications of the immune system and novel therapeutic strategies for immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Teng
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Yi
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Junnian Chen
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Sugiokto FG, Saiada F, Zhang K, Li R. SUMOylation of the m6A reader YTHDF2 by PIAS1 promotes viral RNA decay to restrict EBV replication. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.08.552509. [PMID: 37609256 PMCID: PMC10441406 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.08.552509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
YTHDF2 is a member of the YTH protein family that binds to N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified RNA, regulating RNA stability and restricting viral replication, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). PIAS1 is an E3 SUMO ligase known as an EBV restriction factor, but its role in YTHDF2 SUMOylation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the functional regulation of YTHDF2 by PIAS1. We found that PIAS1 promotes the SUMOylation of YTHDF2 at three specific lysine residues (K281, K571, and K572). Importantly, PIAS1 enhances the antiviral activity of YTHDF2, and SUMOylation-deficient YTHDF2 shows reduced anti-EBV activity. Mechanistically, YTHDF2 lacking SUMOylation exhibits reduced binding to EBV transcripts, leading to increased viral mRNA stability. Furthermore, PIAS1 mediates SUMOylation of YTHDF2's paralogs, YTHDF1 and YTHDF3. These results collectively uncover a unique mechanism whereby YTHDF2 controls EBV replication through PIAS1-mediated SUMOylation, highlighting the significance of SUMOylation in regulating viral mRNA stability and EBV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Febri Gunawan Sugiokto
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
- Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Farjana Saiada
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Renfeng Li
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
- Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298, USA
- Cancer Virology Program, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
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Liu NN, Huang YP, Shao YB, Fan XF, Sun HY, Wang TR, Yao T, Chen XY. The regulatory role and mechanism of lncTUG1 on cartilage apoptosis and inflammation in osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:106. [PMID: 37340458 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-stranded non-coding RNA TUG1 is lowly expressed in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. This study aimed to elucidate the role of TUG1 in osteoarthritic cartilage damage and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Combined database analysis, using primary chondrocytes as well as the C28/I2 cell line, was performed by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence to determine the expression of TUG1, miR-144-3p, DUSP1, and other target proteins. Dual luciferase reporter gene and RIP to verify direct interaction of TUG1 with miR-144-3-p and miR-144-3-p with DUSP1, Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining to detect apoptosis. CCK-8 to detect cell proliferation. The biological significance of TUG1, miR-144-3p, and DUSP1 was assessed in vitro experiments using siRNA for TUG1, mimic and repressor for miR-144-3p, and overexpression plasmid for DUSP1. In this study, all data were subjected to a t-test or one-way analysis of variance with a p-value < 0.05 as the cutoff. RESULTS TUG1 expression was closely associated with osteoarthritic chondrocyte damage, and knockdown of TUG1 significantly promoted chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation. In the present study, we found that TUG1 inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation by competitively binding miR-144-3p, deregulating the negative regulatory effect of miR-144-3p on DUSP1, promoting DUSP1 expression, and inhibiting the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study clarifies the role of the ceRNA regulatory network of TUG1/miR-144-3p/DUSP1/P38 MAPK in OA cartilage injury and provides an experimental and theoretical basis for genetic engineering tools to promote articular cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yan-Ping Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, No. 632 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yu-Bao Shao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xue-Fei Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - He-Yan Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao-Rong Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 390 Huaihe Road, Hefei, 230061, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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