1
|
Deng W, Bai NE, Qi FL, Yang XY, She R, Xiao W. Temporal dynamics of the microbial heterogeneity-diversity relationship in microcosmic systems. Oecologia 2024; 204:35-46. [PMID: 38070053 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05484-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Spatial heterogeneity significantly enhances biodiversity, representing one of the ecology's most enduring paradigms. However, many studies have found decreasing, humped, and neutral correlations between spatial heterogeneity and biodiversity (heterogeneity-diversity relationships, HDR). These findings have pushed this widely accepted theory back into controversy. Microbial HDR research has lagged compared to that of plants and animals. Nevertheless, microbes have features that add a temporal-scale perspective to HDR research that is critical to understanding patterns of HDR. In this study, 157 microcosms with different types spatial heterogeneity were set up to map the HDR of microorganisms and their temporal dynamics using high-throughput sequencing techniques. The results show that the following: 1. Spatial heterogeneity can significantly alter microbial diversity in microcosmic systems. Changes in microbial diversity, in turn, lead to changes in environmental conditions. These changes caused microorganisms to exhibit increasing, decreasing, humped, U-shaped, and neutral HDR patterns. 2. The emergence of HDR patterns is characterized by temporal dynamics. Additionally, the HDR patterns generated by spatial structural and compositional heterogeneity exhibit inconsistent emergence times. These results suggest that the temporal dynamics of HDR may be one of the reasons for the coexistence of multiple patterns in previous studies. The feedback regulation between spatial heterogeneity-biodiversity-environmental conditions is an essential reason for the temporally dynamics of HDR patterns. All future ecological studies should pay attention to the temporal dynamic patterns of ecological factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Nong-En Bai
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Fu-Liang Qi
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China
- International Centre of Biodiversity and Primates Conservation, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong She
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China.
- The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China.
- International Centre of Biodiversity and Primates Conservation, Dali, Yunnan, China.
- Yunling Black-and-White Snub-Nosed Monkey Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Dali, 761003, China.
| | - Wen Xiao
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China.
- The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China.
- International Centre of Biodiversity and Primates Conservation, Dali, Yunnan, China.
- Yunling Black-and-White Snub-Nosed Monkey Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Dali, 761003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mandakovic D, Aguado-Norese C, García-Jiménez B, Hodar C, Maldonado JE, Gaete A, Latorre M, Wilkinson MD, Gutiérrez RA, Cavieres LA, Medina J, Cambiazo V, Gonzalez M. Testing the stress gradient hypothesis in soil bacterial communities associated with vegetation belts in the Andean Atacama Desert. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2023; 18:24. [PMID: 36978149 PMCID: PMC10052861 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil microorganisms are in constant interaction with plants, and these interactions shape the composition of soil bacterial communities by modifying their environment. However, little is known about the relationship between microorganisms and native plants present in extreme environments that are not affected by human intervention. Using high-throughput sequencing in combination with random forest and co-occurrence network analyses, we compared soil bacterial communities inhabiting the rhizosphere surrounding soil (RSS) and the corresponding bulk soil (BS) of 21 native plant species organized into three vegetation belts along the altitudinal gradient (2400-4500 m a.s.l.) of the Talabre-Lejía transect (TLT) in the slopes of the Andes in the Atacama Desert. We assessed how each plant community influenced the taxa, potential functions, and ecological interactions of the soil bacterial communities in this extreme natural ecosystem. We tested the ability of the stress gradient hypothesis, which predicts that positive species interactions become increasingly important as stressful conditions increase, to explain the interactions among members of TLT soil microbial communities. RESULTS Our comparison of RSS and BS compartments along the TLT provided evidence of plant-specific microbial community composition in the RSS and showed that bacterial communities modify their ecological interactions, in particular, their positive:negative connection ratios in the presence of plant roots at each vegetation belt. We also identified the taxa driving the transition of the BS to the RSS, which appear to be indicators of key host-microbial relationships in the rhizosphere of plants in response to different abiotic conditions. Finally, the potential functions of the bacterial communities also diverge between the BS and the RSS compartments, particularly in the extreme and harshest belts of the TLT. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified taxa of bacterial communities that establish species-specific relationships with native plants and showed that over a gradient of changing abiotic conditions, these relationships may also be plant community specific. These findings also reveal that the interactions among members of the soil microbial communities do not support the stress gradient hypothesis. However, through the RSS compartment, each plant community appears to moderate the abiotic stress gradient and increase the efficiency of the soil microbial community, suggesting that positive interactions may be context dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinka Mandakovic
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Bioinformatic and Gene Expression Laboratory, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constanza Aguado-Norese
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Bioinformatic and Gene Expression Laboratory, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beatriz García-Jiménez
- Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)/Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Present Address: Biome Makers Inc., West Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Christian Hodar
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Bioinformatic and Gene Expression Laboratory, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jonathan E. Maldonado
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Bioinformatic and Gene Expression Laboratory, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 9170022 Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis Gaete
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Bioinformatic and Gene Expression Laboratory, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Latorre
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Instituto de Ciencias de La Ingeniería, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Mark D. Wilkinson
- Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)/Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Biología Integrativa, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lohengrin A. Cavieres
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), 4070386 Concepción, Chile
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile
| | - Joaquín Medina
- Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)/Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Cambiazo
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Bioinformatic and Gene Expression Laboratory, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Gonzalez
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
- Bioinformatic and Gene Expression Laboratory, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|