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John KJ, Sadiq M, Thomas M, Turaka VP. Henoch-Schonlein purpura associated with HLA-B27 positive axial spondyloarthritis in a young man. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/5/e228881. [PMID: 31129640 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-228881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Axial spondyloarthropathies are characterised by bilateral sacroiliitis, asymmetric oligoarthritis, association with the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, enthesitis and dactylitis. Although IgA nephropathy has a well-documented association with seronegative spondyloarthropathies, the association with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) has been documented only in few case reports. The present case is that of a 26-year-old man who presented with fever, lower limb arthritis, abdominal pain, palpable purpura over the buttocks and lower limbs, and clinical features of sacroiliitis. His blood tests showed elevated inflammatory markers and rheumatoid factor was negative. CT scan of the sacroiliac joints confirmed sacroiliitis. Skin biopsy revealed neutrophilic small vessel vasculitis. HLA-B27 was positive in blood. A diagnosis of HSP with HLA-B27 positive axial spondyloarthritis was made. HSP can be associated with HLA-B27 positive axial spondyloarthritis and has to be considered while evaluating for causes of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin John John
- Department of Internal Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad Sadiq
- Department of Internal Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meera Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijay Prakash Turaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of Kerabala: a value-added ayurvedic formulation from virgin coconut oil inhibits pathogenesis in adjuvant-induced arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 25:41-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mohammed RHA, Farahat F, Kewan HH, Bukhari MA. Predictors of European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) good response, DAS-28 remission and sustained responses to TNF-inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study in refractory disease. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:207. [PMID: 25977895 PMCID: PMC4422826 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-0979-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to survey factors related to EULAR good response, the DAS-28 definition of remission, ACR 50 response, sustained response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNF-I) therapy in biologic naïve patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis. This was a single center observational clinical prospective 2 years' study, EULAR response criteria, DAS 28, HAQ and radiographic changes were recorded. Eighty patients included (64 females and 16 males, mean age was 48.4 + -17.9 years, mean disease duration 7.3 + -5.9 years). At 6 months 70% achieved EULAR good response, 51.8% achieved DAS-28 remission. Good response/sustained responses inversely correlated with baseline DAS-28 and radiographic erosions P <0.05. EULAR good response/remission by 6 months, sustained response at 2 years positively correlated with the decline in RF titers (r = 0.33, P < 0.05 & r = 0.30, P < 0.03 respectively), negatively correlated with the baseline HAQ. Regression analysis identified higher serum hemoglobin concentration, lower baseline HAQ scores, and the absence of radiographic erosions as significant predictors of good as well as sustained responses after adjustment for potential covariates. Methotrexate was associated with favorable responses and remission at 6 months (ORs = 1.13, 1.30 respectively). The study concluded that a lower baseline DAS-28 and HAQ scores, the lack of radiographic erosions favored EULAR good response and were significant predictors of sustained response to TNF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Hamdy A Mohammed
- />Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
- />Internal Medicine Department, Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Farahat
- />Community Medicine, Munofia University, Munofia, Egypt
- />Research Department Al Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanady H Kewan
- />Department of Radio-diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- />Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Bukhari
- />Internal Medicine Department, Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Sakthiswary R, Shaharir SS, Mohd Said MS, Asrul AW, Shahril NS. IgA rheumatoid factor as a serological predictor of poor response to tumour necrosis factor α inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 17:872-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajalingham Sakthiswary
- Department of Medicine; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Syahrul S. Shaharir
- Department of Medicine; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Mohd S. Mohd Said
- Department of Medicine; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Abdul W. Asrul
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Nor S. Shahril
- Department of Medicine; Putrajaya Hospital; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Conigliaro P, Triggianese P, Perricone C, Chimenti MS, Di Muzio G, Ballanti E, Guarino MD, Kroegler B, Gigliucci G, Grelli S, Perricone R. Restoration of peripheral blood natural killer and B cell levels in patients affected by rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis during etanercept treatment. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:234-43. [PMID: 24666401 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Etanercept (ETN) is an anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α agent used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Few studies focused on the effects of anti-TNF-α on peripheral blood cells. We aimed to evaluate peripheral blood cells in RA and PsA patients during ETN treatment and to explore their relationships with disease activity. RA (n = 82) and PsA (n = 32) patients who started ETN were included into the study and evaluated prospectively before the beginning of ETN therapy and after 14, 22, 54 and 102 weeks. Patients were studied in terms of disease activity score on 28 joints (DAS28), clinical response and laboratory findings. Natural killer (NK) cells, B cells and T cells were characterized by immunophenotyping. Both the RA and the PsA patients showed reduced NK and B cell count before ETN treatment compared with controls. A negative correlation was demonstrated between DAS28 and B cell count in RA patients at baseline. Sustained significant increase of NK and B cells up to normal levels was observed in RA and PsA patients along ETN treatment. Increase of NK cell count was associated with a good-moderate clinical response to ETN in both RA and PsA patients. During ETN treatment peripheral blood NK and B cells levels were restored in RA and PsA patients. Correlations between NK and B cells with disease activity were observed, suggesting that those effects could be mediated by ETN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Conigliaro
- Department of Medicina dei Sistemi, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Vysakh A, Ratheesh M, Rajmohanan TP, Pramod C, Premlal S, Girish kumar B, Sibi PI. Polyphenolics isolated from virgin coconut oil inhibits adjuvant induced arthritis in rats through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 20:124-30. [PMID: 24613207 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the protective efficacy of the polyphenolic fraction from virgin coconut oil (PV) against adjuvant induced arthritic rats. Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of complete Freund's adjuvant. The activities of inflammatory, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation were estimated. PV showed high percentage of edema inhibition at a dose of 80mg/kg on 21st day of adjuvant arthritis and is non toxic. The expression of inflammatory genes such as COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α and IL-6 and the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance were decreased by treatment with PV. Antioxidant enzymes were increased and on treatment with PV. The increased level of total WBC count and C-reactive protein in the arthritic animals was reduced in PV treated rats. Synovial cytology showed that inflammatory cells and reactive mesothelial cells were suppressed by PV. Histopathology of paw tissue showed less edema formation and cellular infiltration on supplementation with PV. Thus the results demonstrated the potential beneficiary effect of PV on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats and the mechanism behind this action is due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vysakh
- Department of Applied Microbiology, St. Thomas College, Pala, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - M Ratheesh
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Pala, Kottayam, Kerala, India.
| | - T P Rajmohanan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - C Pramod
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmacy, MG University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - S Premlal
- Drug Standardization Unit, Govt. Ayurveda College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - B Girish kumar
- Department of Zoology, MSM College, Kayamkulam, Kerala, India
| | - P I Sibi
- Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmacy, MG University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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Barra L, Bykerk V, Pope JE, Haraoui BP, Hitchon CA, Thorne JC, Keystone EC, Boire G. Anticitrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor fluctuate in early inflammatory arthritis and do not predict clinical outcomes. J Rheumatol 2013; 40:1259-67. [PMID: 23378461 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.120736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In inflammatory arthritis, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are believed to be associated with more severe clinical outcomes. Our objective was to determine whether ACPA and RF remain stable in early inflammatory arthritis and whether their trajectories over time or baseline levels predicted clinical outcomes. METHODS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort Study with baseline and at least 12-month followup values of RF and ACPA. Primary outcomes were Disease Activity Score (DAS) remission and the presence of erosions at 12 and 24 months. Other objectives included swollen joint count, Health Assessment Questionnaire score, and DAS. RESULTS At baseline, 225/342 (66%) patients were ACPA-positive and 334/520 (64%) were RF-positive. At 24 months, 15/181 (8%) ACPA-positive patients became negative. A larger number of patients changed from ACPA-negative to positive: 13/123 (11%). For RF, fluctuations were more common: 67/240 (28%) reverted from positive to negative and 21/136 (18%) converted from negative to positive. RF and ACPA fluctuations did not predict disease outcomes. Patients who remained ACPA-positive throughout followup were more likely to have erosive disease (OR 3.86, 95% CI 1.68, 8.92). CONCLUSION RF and ACPA have the potential to revert and convert during the early course of disease. Fluctuations in RF and ACPA were not associated with clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Barra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, St. Joseph's Health Care London, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Efe C. Drug induced autoimmune hepatitis and TNF-α blocking agents: is there a real relationship? Autoimmun Rev 2012; 12:337-9. [PMID: 22841985 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is an expected side effect of tumour necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF-α) blocking agents including, infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab. Although mild to moderate elevations of liver enzymes have been recognised after the use of these agents, severe hepatitis is rarely reported. Reactivation of viral hepatitis and drug induced liver injury is two main causes of liver dysfunction in these patients. A broad spectrum, ranging from minor immunological alterations to systemic autoimmune disease, has been reported during treatment with anti-TNF-α. Therefore, in recent studies TNF-α blocking agents have been considered a potential cause of drug induced autoimmune hepatitis. Taking into account the advances in the field of hepatology, this review summarizes the general characteristics of anti-TNF-α induced liver injury and autoimmune hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cumali Efe
- Hacettepe University, Department of Gastroenterology, Turkey.
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Bose SK, Dewanjee S, Sahu R, Dey SP. Effect of bergapten fromHeracleum nepalenseroot on production of proinflammatory cytokines. Nat Prod Res 2011; 25:1444-9. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410902800665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Guzian MC, Carrier N, Cossette P, de Brum-Fernandes AJ, Liang P, Ménard HA, Boire G. Outcomes in recent-onset inflammatory polyarthritis differ according to initial titers, persistence over time, and specificity of the autoantibodies. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2010; 62:1624-32. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.20288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kinloch AJ, Lundberg KE, Moyes D, Venables PJ. Pathogenic role of antibodies to citrullinated proteins in rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 2:365-75. [PMID: 20476908 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2.3.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the last 10 years, the discovery that antibodies to citrullinated proteins are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis has led to a model of pathogenesis that ties together the genetic and environmental risk factors for susceptibility and severity of disease. The authors propose that the chronic inflammation is driven by two phases of an immune response. The first phase is the priming of autoimmunity, which may occur many years before the onset of disease and is caused by environmental factors, such as smoking and infectious agents, in the context of disease susceptibility alleles. This may occur in sites outside the joint, such as the respiratory tract. The second phase is the induction of arthritis, which is associated with the generation of citrullinated proteins within the joint, which is then perpetuated as the erosive disease by a local chronic immune response. The identity of candidate synovial citrullinated antigen(s), whether fibrin, vimentin, alpha-enolase, collagen type II or others yet to be described, may be the key to the pathogenesis of the destructive disease characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. There is emerging evidence that citrullination may already be modified by established therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, but more specific inhibitors of deimination may provide new agents for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kinloch
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Charing Cross Campus, Imperial College London, London W6 8LH, UK.
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Kolarz B, Majdan M, Dryglewska M, Darmochwal-Kolarz D. Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide don't decrease after 6 months of infliximab treatment in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2010; 31:1439-43. [PMID: 20473501 PMCID: PMC3204106 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) and the rheumatoid factor (RF) are well-established serological markers for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ACPA are very useful in the diagnosis of RA, especially at the early stages of the disease when ACPA have a greater diagnostic value than RF. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of infliximab treatment on RF IgM and ACPA serum levels and RA activity during 6 months of treatment. Thirty-two patients with refractory RA were treated with infliximab during a 6-month period. At baseline, 3 and 6 months of treatment the patients were examined for the number swollen and tender joints out of 28 (SJC, TJC) and the visual analogue scale of arthritis activity according to the patient (VAS). Serum samples were tested for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein level (CRP), ACPA and RF IgM. The disease activity score (DAS-28) parameter was also calculated at the same time. During the course of our study, we observed statistically significant improvement in ESR, CRP, TJC, SJC, VAS DAS-28, and RF IgM after 3 and 6 months of infliximab treatment when compared to the baseline, whereas the ACPA level remained unchanged after 3 and 6 months of treatment (P = 0.96 and P = 0.85). The changes in the ACPA level are not a factor for evaluation of successful infliximab treatment but the changes in RF IgM are. According to different behavior of these antibodies during infliximab treatment, we suggest that the roles of ACPA and RF in the pathogenesis of RA are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Kolarz
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Staszica 11, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
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Dewanjee S, Mandal V, Sahu R, Dua TK, Manna A, Mandal SC. Anti-inflammatory activity of a polyphenolic enriched extract of Schima wallichii bark. Nat Prod Res 2009; 25:696-703. [PMID: 19657970 DOI: 10.1080/14786410802560732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, the anti-inflammatory activity of a polyphenolic enriched extract of Schima wallichii bark was evaluated in vitro using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in vivo by carrageenan-induced paw oedema assay (acute study) and cotton pallet granuloma assay (chronic study). The extract exhibited significant inhibition of the production of tumour necrotic factor-α and interleukin-6 by PBMCs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a concentration-dependent manner. The extract at the selected doses of 150 and 300 mg kg(-1) body weight p.o. exhibited significant dose-dependent anti-inflammatory responses, with 44.32 and 38.65% inhibition of inflammation in carrageenan-induced paw oedema and cotton pallet granuloma, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Division of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
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Caramaschi P, Bambara LM, Pieropan S, Tinazzi I, Volpe A, Biasi D. Anti-TNFalpha blockers, autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases. Joint Bone Spine 2009; 76:333-42. [PMID: 19539516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Anti-TNFalpha blockers are extensively used in the management of chronic inflammatory disorders. Their administration may be associated with the generation of autoantibodies; this review focuses on the autoimmune phenomena linked to anti-TNFalpha inhibition, on the hypothesized pathogenetic mechanisms and on the clinical implications. While the development of antinuclear and, less frequently, of anti-DNA antibodies is a common finding, the onset of autoimmune diseases during anti-TNFalpha blocker treatment is a rare event, which needs to be promptly recognized in order to plan the appropriate management. Moreover the specific autoantibodies associated with rheumatoid arthritis are considered before and after biotherapy. Similarities and differences among infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab concerning induced autoimmune phenomena are underlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Caramaschi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica Sperimentale, Università di Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi, Piazzale Scuro, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Souto-Carneiro MM, Mahadevan V, Takada K, Fritsch-Stork R, Nanki T, Brown M, Fleisher TA, Wilson M, Goldbach-Mansky R, Lipsky PE. Alterations in peripheral blood memory B cells in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis are dependent on the action of tumour necrosis factor. Arthritis Res Ther 2009; 11:R84. [PMID: 19500335 PMCID: PMC2714135 DOI: 10.1186/ar2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Revised: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disturbances in peripheral blood memory B cell subpopulations have been observed in various autoimmune diseases, but have not been fully delineated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Additionally, the possible role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in regulating changes in specific peripheral blood memory B cell subsets in RA is still unclear. METHODS The frequency and distribution of B cell subsets in the peripheral blood and synovial membrane of active RA patients with long-standing disease have been analysed. Additionally, the possible role of TNF in causing disturbances in memory B cell subsets in RA patients was assessed in a clinical trial with the specific TNF-neutralising antibody, infliximab. RESULTS RA patients, independent of disease duration, have a significantly lower frequency of peripheral blood pre-switch IgD+CD27+ memory B cells than healthy individuals, whereas post-switch IgD-CD27+ accumulate with increased disease duration. Notably, both pre-switch IgD+CD27+ and post-switch IgD-CD27+ memory B cells accumulate in the synovial membrane of RA patients. Finally, anti-TNF therapy increased the frequency of pre-switch IgD+CD27 memory B cells in the peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that decreases in peripheral blood IgD+CD27+ pre-switch memory B cells in RA reflect their accumulation in the synovial tissue. Moreover, the significant increase in the peripheral blood pre-switch memory B cells in patients who underwent specific TNF-blockade with infliximab indicates that trafficking of memory B cells into inflamed tissue in RA patients is regulated by TNF and can be corrected by neutralising TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Margarida Souto-Carneiro
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vijayabhanu Mahadevan
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kazuki Takada
- Department of Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Ruth Fritsch-Stork
- Department of Rheumatology, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Toshihiro Nanki
- Department of Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Margaret Brown
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Warren Magnuson Center, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas A Fleisher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Warren Magnuson Center, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mildred Wilson
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter E Lipsky
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Efficacy of an Andrographis paniculata composition for the relief of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial. Clin Rheumatol 2009; 28:931-46. [PMID: 19408036 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-009-1180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall ex Nees (Acanthaceae) possesses anti-inflammatory effects, attributed to the main constituent andrographolide proposed as alternative in the treatment of autoimmune disease. A prospective, randomized, double blind, and placebo-controlled study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was performed. Tablets (Paractin) made of an extract of A. paniculata (30% total andrographolides) were administered three times a day for 14 weeks, after a 2-week washout period to 60 patients with active RA. The primary outcomes were pain intensity measured using a horizontal visual analog pain scale (VAPS). In addition, ACR, EULAR, and SF36 clinical parameters were recorded. The intensity of joint pain decreased in the active vs placebo group at the end of treatment, although these differences were not statistically significant. A significant diminishing for week in tender joint -0.13 95% confidence interval (CI; -0.22 to 0.06; p = 0.001), number of swollen joints -0.15 95%CI (-0.29 to -0.02; p = 0.02), total grade of swollen joint -0.27 95%CI (-0.48 to -0.07; p = 0.010), number of tender joints -0.25 95%CI (-0.48 to -0.02; p = 0.033), total grade of swollen joints -0.27 95%CI (-0.48 to -0.07; p = 0.01), total grade of tender joints -0.47 95%CI (-0.77 to -0.17; p = 0.002) and HAQ -0.52 95%CI (-0.82 to -0.21; p < 0.001) and SF36 0.02 95%CI (0.01 to 0.02; p < 0.001) health questionnaires was observed within the group with the active drug. Moreover, it was associated to a reduction of rheumatoid factor, IgA, and C4. These findings suggest that A. paniculata could be a useful "natural complement" in the treatment of AR; however, a larger trial and a more extended period of treatment is necessary in order to corroborate these results.
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Impact of Three Anti-TNFα Biologics on Existing and Emergent Autoimmunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondylarthropathy Patients. J Clin Immunol 2008; 28:445-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-008-9214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Alessandri C, Scrivo R, Spinelli FR, Ceccarelli F, Magrini L, Priori R, Valesini G. Autoantibody production in anti-TNF-alpha-treated patients. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1110:319-29. [PMID: 17911447 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1423.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Targeting tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has offered an additional therapeutic strategy against several rheumatic inflammatory disorders. The current use of TNF-alpha inhibitors allows physicians who manage these diseases and patients themselves to testify to an extraordinary efficacy, even though caution for possible adverse events must be maintained. Among these, the occurrence of autoimmune phenomena, encompassing new autoantibody formation and triggering of clinical manifestations, continues to be noted in published reports. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the autoimmune phenomena linked to anti-TNF-alpha therapy in patients with rheumatic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Alessandri
- Dipartimento di Clinica e Terapia Medica, Sapienza Università di Roma, viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Roma, Italy
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Bañuelos-Ramírez D, Ramírez-Palma MM, Balcázar-Sánchez ME, Sánchez-Alonso S. Infliximab en infusión intravenosa rápida. Eficacia y complicaciones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 3:171-5. [DOI: 10.1016/s1699-258x(07)73616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2005] [Accepted: 03/22/2007] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Semmler M, Seeck U, Neustadt B, Schulz M, Dotzlaw H, Neeck G, Eggert M. No effects of adalimumab therapy on the activation of NF-κB in lymphocytes from patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2007; 26:1499-504. [PMID: 17273811 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-007-0540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Revised: 01/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/06/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the activation level of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) in lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) before and during an anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) therapy (adalimumab). In addition, we analyzed the inflammatory markers, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) and investigated the expression of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) autoantibodies in patients' sera. Twenty RA patients and 20 control subjects were investigated. RA patients' characteristics were evaluated by radiography and disease activity score 28 (DAS 28). Twelve weeks of adalimumab therapy was effective in the treatment of RA patients, as shown by a significant improvement of the DAS 28. The inflammatory markers IL-6 and CRP were significantly different in sera of RA patients compared to the control group before the onset of therapy and exhibited a tendency to return to normal levels during the first 12 weeks of therapy. We measured a comparable activation level of NF-kappaB in lymphocytes of control subjects and of RA patients before starting adalimumab therapy. During the following 12 weeks, no significant changes in the activation levels of both NF-kappaB subunits were detected. Serum concentration of RF was significantly lower after 12 weeks, whereas anti-CCP antibody level remained constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Semmler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Rheumatology, Rostock Clinic South, Südring 81, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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Atzeni F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Dell' Acqua D, de Portu S, Cecchini G, Cruini C, Carrabba M, Meroni PL. Adalimumab clinical efficacy is associated with rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody titer reduction: a one-year prospective study. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 8:R3. [PMID: 16356192 PMCID: PMC1526573 DOI: 10.1186/ar1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2005] [Revised: 09/29/2005] [Accepted: 10/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on autoantibody production in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors reported contradictory results. We investigated in a prospective study the efficacy of a treatment with human monoclonal anti-TNF-α antibody (adalimumab) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and we evaluated the relationship between treatment efficacy and the incidence and titers of disease-associated and non-organ-specific autoantibodies. Fifty-seven patients with RA not responsive to methotrexate and treated with adalimumab were enrolled. Antinuclear, anti-double-stranded(ds)DNA, anti-extractable nuclear antigens, anti-cardiolipin (aCL), anti-β2 glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) autoantibodies, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) autoantibodies were investigated at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Comparable parameters were evaluated in a further 55 patients treated with methotrexate only. Treatment with adalimumab induced a significant decrease in RF and anti-CCP serum levels, and the decrease in antibody titers correlated with the clinical response to the therapy. A significant induction of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) and IgG/IgM anti-dsDNA autoantibodies were also found in 28% and 14.6% patients, respectively, whereas aCL and anti-β2GPI autoantibodies were not detected in significant quantities. No association between ANA, anti-dsDNA, aCL and anti-β2GPI autoantibodies and clinical manifestations was found. Clinical efficacy of adalimumab is associated with the decrease in RF and anti-CCP serum levels that was detected after 24 weeks and remained stable until the 48th week of treatment. Antinuclear and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies, but not anti-phospholipid autoantibodies, can be induced by adalimumab but to a lower extent than in studies with other anti-TNF blocking agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Atzeni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, L Sacco University Hospital, 74 Via GB Grassi, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, L Sacco University Hospital, 74 Via GB Grassi, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Donata Dell' Acqua
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, L Sacco University Hospital, 74 Via GB Grassi, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Simona de Portu
- CIRF/Center of Pharmacoeconomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples, Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Germana Cecchini
- Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Milan, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Carola Cruini
- Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Milan, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Carrabba
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, L Sacco University Hospital, 74 Via GB Grassi, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Meroni
- Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Milan, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
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Bobbio-Pallavicini F, Caporali R, Alpini C, Avalle S, Epis OM, Klersy C, Montecucco C. High IgA rheumatoid factor levels are associated with poor clinical response to tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 66:302-7. [PMID: 17079248 PMCID: PMC1856018 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.060608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether rheumatoid factor isotypes and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies are related to clinical response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) inhibitors. METHODS The study was carried out on 132 patients with advanced rheumatoid arthritis refractory to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Patients were treated with infliximab (n = 63), etanercept (n = 35) or adalimumab (n = 34). All patients completed 1 year of follow-up, and 126 were evaluable for clinical response according to the disease activity score (DAS) criteria. IgM, IgA and IgG rheumatoid factors and anti-CCP antibodies were assessed by ELISA both before anti-TNFalpha treatment and 1 year later. RESULTS The DAS response was reached in 66% of evaluable patients (61% infliximab, 65% etanercept and 76% adalimumab; p = 0.354). A significant reduction in the rheumatoid factor level was reported by all treatment groups after 1 year. The frequency of positive tests for the different antibodies did not differ between responders and non-responders at baseline; however, significantly higher IgA rheumatoid factor levels were reported by the non-responder group (130.4 U/ml (interquartile range 13.8-276.7) v 24.8 U/ml (10.2-90.8); p = 0.003). A significant decrease (p<0.001) in the levels of all rheumatoid factor isotypes in the responder group was reported after 1 year of treatment, whereas anti-CCP antibody levels were not significantly affected. CONCLUSIONS According to the clinical response, anti-TNFalpha agents seem to reduce IgM, IgG and IgA rheumatoid factor levels. More interestingly, high pretreatment levels of IgA rheumatoid factor are associated with a poor clinical response to TNFalpha inhibitors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid factors (RFs) are autoantibodies associated with rheumatoid arthritis. They can be detected in normal individuals, although transiently. This dichotomy has led to questions about the origins and types of RFs. Recently it has been shown that B cells that produce RFs only do so when activated by two signals, one from engagement of the B-cell receptor and the other from recognition of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern through a Toll-like receptor (TLR). These autoantibodies thus link the innate and acquired immune responses. OBJECTIVE Through a review of the literature, an examination of the current knowledge of RF induction is presented. The focus is on a discussion of a beneficial or detrimental role for RFs in normal individuals and in those with chronic disease. RESULTS What makes RF 'good' in some cases and 'bad' in others may reflect the type of RF produced. Low-affinity polyreactive IgM RFs are probably beneficial as they aid in the clearance of immune complexes that are more efficiently cleared, and the RF B cell can act as an antigen-presenting cell and stimulate host defense. However, large amounts of high-affinity RFs found in patients with chronic disease may be harmful by participation in a vicious cycle of autoantibody production by stimulation of self lymphocytes, and/or deposition in blood vessels thus causing vasculitis. CONCLUSIONS Whether RFs are beneficial or detrimental depends on the context in which they are expressed, the type and amount of RF produced, whether the response is perpetuated by TLR ligation and whether other cells are stimulated either directly or indirectly by RF-positive B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula M Nowak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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