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Liang R, Fan L, Lai X, Shi D, Wang H, Shi W, Liu W, Yu L, Song J, Wang B. Air pollution exposure, accelerated biological aging, and increased thyroid dysfunction risk: Evidence from a nationwide prospective study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108773. [PMID: 38810493 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term air pollution exposure is a major health concern, yet its associations with thyroid dysfunction (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism) and biological aging remain unclear. We aimed to determine the association of long-term air pollution exposure with thyroid dysfunction and to investigate the potential roles of biological aging. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted on 432,340 participants with available data on air pollutants including particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5-10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitric oxide (NO) from the UK Biobank. An air pollution score was calculated using principal component analysis to reflect joint exposure to these pollutants. Biological aging was assessed using the Klemera-Doubal method biological age and the phenotypic age algorithms. The associations of individual and joint air pollutants with thyroid dysfunction were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The roles of biological aging were explored using interaction and mediation analyses. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.41 years, 1,721 (0.40 %) and 9,296 (2.15 %) participants developed hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, respectively. All air pollutants were observed to be significantly associated with an increased risk of incident hypothyroidism, while PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 were observed to be significantly associated with an increased risk of incident hyperthyroidism. The hazard ratios (HRs) for hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were 1.15 (95 % confidence interval: 1.00-1.32) and 1.15 (1.08-1.22) for individuals in the highest quartile compared with those in the lowest quartile of air pollution score, respectively. Additionally, we noticed that individuals with higher pollutant levels and biologically older generally had a higher risk of incident thyroid dysfunction. Moreover, accelerated biological aging partially mediated 1.9 %-9.4 % of air pollution-associated thyroid dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Despite the possible underestimation of incident thyroid dysfunction, long-term air pollution exposure may increase the risk of incident thyroid dysfunction, particularly in biologically older participants, with biological aging potentially involved in the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lieyang Fan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xuefeng Lai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Da Shi
- Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wendi Shi
- Lucy Cavendish College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0BU, UK
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jiahao Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Zhu G, Wen Y, Cao K, He S, Wang T. A review of common statistical methods for dealing with multiple pollutant mixtures and multiple exposures. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1377685. [PMID: 38784575 PMCID: PMC11113012 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1377685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional environmental epidemiology has consistently focused on studying the impact of single exposures on specific health outcomes, considering concurrent exposures as variables to be controlled. However, with the continuous changes in environment, humans are increasingly facing more complex exposures to multi-pollutant mixtures. In this context, accurately assessing the impact of multi-pollutant mixtures on health has become a central concern in current environmental research. Simultaneously, the continuous development and optimization of statistical methods offer robust support for handling large datasets, strengthening the capability to conduct in-depth research on the effects of multiple exposures on health. In order to examine complicated exposure mixtures, we introduce commonly used statistical methods and their developments, such as weighted quantile sum, bayesian kernel machine regression, toxic equivalency analysis, and others. Delineating their applications, advantages, weaknesses, and interpretability of results. It also provides guidance for researchers involved in studying multi-pollutant mixtures, aiding them in selecting appropriate statistical methods and utilizing R software for more accurate and comprehensive assessments of the impact of multi-pollutant mixtures on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Zhu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanchao Wen
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Simin He
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
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Fang B, Wei J, Chen L, Jin S, Li Q, Cai R, Qian N, Gu Z, Chen L, Santon R, Wang C, Song W. Short-term association of particulate matter and cardiovascular disease mortality in Shanghai, China between 2003 and 2020. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1388069. [PMID: 38651122 PMCID: PMC11034551 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1388069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Evidence regarding the effects of particulate matter (PM) pollutants on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality remains limited in Shanghai, China. Our objective was to thoroughly evaluate associations between PM pollutants and CVD mortality. Methods Daily data on CVD mortality, PM (PM10 and PM2.5) pollutants, and meteorological variables in Shanghai, China were gathered from 2003 to 2020. We utilized a time-series design with the generalized additive model to assess associations between PM pollutants and CVD mortality. Additionally, we conducted stratified analyses based on sex, age, education, and seasons using the same model. Results We found that PM pollutants had a significant association with CVD mortality during the study period. Specifically, there was a 0.29% (95%CI: 0.14, 0.44) increase in CVD mortality for every 10 μg/m3 rise in a 2-day average (lag01) concentration of PM10. A 0.28% (95% CI: 0.07, 0.49) increase in CVD mortality was associated with every 10 μg/m3 rise in PM2.5 concentration at lag01. Overall, the estimated effects of PM10 and PM2.5 were larger in the warm period compared with the cold period. Furthermore, males and the older adult exhibited greater susceptibility to PM10 and PM2.5 exposure, and individuals with lower education levels experienced more significant effects from PM10 and PM2.5 than those with higher education levels. Conclusion Our findings suggested that PM pollutants have a substantial impact on increasing CVD mortality in Shanghai, China. Moreover, the impacts of air pollution on health may be altered by factors such as season, sex, age, and educational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Li
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Renzhi Cai
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Naisi Qian
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Vital Strategies, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Vital Strategies, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Chunfang Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Song
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kim E, Huh H, Mo Y, Park JY, Jung J, Lee H, Kim S, Kim DK, Kim YS, Lim CS, Lee JP, Kim YC, Kim H. Long-term ozone exposure and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: a large cohort study. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:74. [PMID: 38418953 PMCID: PMC10900590 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03500-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies on the effects of long-term exposure to ozone (O3) have shown inconclusive results. It is unclear whether to O3 has an effect on chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the effects of O3 on mortality and renal outcome in CKD. METHODS We included 61,073 participants and applied Cox proportional hazards models to examine the effects of ozone on the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in a two-pollutants model adjusted for socioeconomic status. We calculated the concentration of ozone exposure one year before enrollment and used inverse distance weighting (IDW) for interpolation, where the exposure was evenly distributed. RESULTS In the single pollutant model, O3 was significantly associated with an increased risk of ESRD and all-cause mortality. Based on the O3 concentration from IDW interpolation, this moving O3 average was significantly associated with an increased risk of ESRD and all-cause mortality. In a two-pollutants model, even after we adjusted for other measured pollutants, nitrogen dioxide did not attenuate the result for O3. The hazard ratio (HR) value for the district-level assessment is 1.025 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.014-1.035, while for the point-level assessment, the HR value is 1.04 with a 95% CI of 1.035-1.045. The impact of ozone on ESRD, hazard ratio (HR) values are, 1.049(95%CI: 1.044-1.054) at the district unit and 1.04 (95%CI: 1.031-1.05) at the individual address of the exposure assessment. The ozone hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.012 (95% confidence interval: 1.008-1.017) for administrative districts and 1.04 (95% confidence interval: 1.031-1.05) for individual addresses. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that long-term ambient O3 increases the risk of ESRD and mortality in CKD. The strategy to decrease O3 emissions will substantially benefit health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejin Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment and Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Room 708, Building 220, Gwanak-Ro Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwon Mo
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Jung
- Data Management and Statistics Institute, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, 101, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejoong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, 101, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, 101, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, 101, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment and Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Room 708, Building 220, Gwanak-Ro Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Xu R, Huang S, Wei J, Sun H, Liu Y. Response by Xu et al to Letter Regarding Article, "Extreme Temperature Events, Fine Particulate Matter, and Myocardial Infarction Mortality". Circulation 2024; 149:168-169. [PMID: 38190448 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.067370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (R.X., Y.L.)
| | - Suli Huang
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (S.H.)
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park (J.W.)
| | - Hong Sun
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (H.S.)
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (R.X., Y.L.)
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Morantes G, Jones B, Molina C, Sherman MH. Harm from Residential Indoor Air Contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:242-257. [PMID: 38150532 PMCID: PMC10785761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a health-centered approach to quantify and compare the chronic harm caused by indoor air contaminants using disability-adjusted life-year (DALY). The aim is to understand the chronic harm caused by airborne contaminants in dwellings and identify the most harmful. Epidemiological and toxicological evidence of population morbidity and mortality is used to determine harm intensities, a metric of chronic harm per unit of contaminant concentration. Uncertainty is evaluated in the concentrations of 45 indoor air contaminants commonly found in dwellings. Chronic harm is estimated from the harm intensities and the concentrations. The most harmful contaminants in dwellings are PM2.5, PM10-2.5, NO2, formaldehyde, radon, and O3, accounting for over 99% of total median harm of 2200 DALYs/105 person/year. The chronic harm caused by all airborne contaminants in dwellings accounts for 7% of the total global burden from all diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giobertti Morantes
- Department
of Architecture and Built Environment, University
of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Benjamin Jones
- Department
of Architecture and Built Environment, University
of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Constanza Molina
- Escuela
de Construcción Civil, Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Max H. Sherman
- Department
of Architecture and Built Environment, University
of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
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Silva TD, Alves C, Oliveira H, Duarte IF. Biological Impact of Organic Extracts from Urban-Air Particulate Matter: An In Vitro Study of Cytotoxic and Metabolic Effects in Lung Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16896. [PMID: 38069233 PMCID: PMC10706705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with diameters below 10 µm (PM10) may enter the lungs through inhalation and are linked to various negative health consequences. Emergent evidence emphasizes the significance of cell metabolism as a sensitive target of PM exposure. However, the current understanding of the relationship between PM composition, conventional toxicity measures, and the rewiring of intracellular metabolic processes remains limited. In this work, PM10 sampled at a residential area (urban background, UB) and a traffic-impacted location (roadside, RS) of a Portuguese city was comprehensively characterized in terms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and plasticizers. Epithelial lung cells (A549) were then exposed for 72 h to PM10 organic extracts and different biological outcomes were assessed. UB and RS PM10 extracts dose-dependently decreased cell viability, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and modulated the intracellular metabolic profile. Interestingly, the RS sample, richer in particularly toxic PAHs and plasticizers, had a greater metabolic impact than the UB extract. Changes comprised significant increases in glutathione, reflecting activation of antioxidant defences to counterbalance ROS production, together with increases in lactate, NAD+, and ATP, which suggest stimulation of glycolytic energy production, possibly to compensate for reduced mitochondrial activity. Furthermore, a number of other metabolic variations hinted at changes in membrane turnover and TCA cycle dynamics, which represent novel clues on potential PM10 biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana D. Silva
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Department of Biology, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Célia Alves
- Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Helena Oliveira
- Department of Biology, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Iola F. Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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